定语从句语法知识点

TheAttributiveclause（定语从句）一：关系词1.关系代词:who,whose,whom,which,that2.关系副词:where,whenandwhy当先行词是____：that/who_______________________whom_______________________当先行词是____：that/which___________________所有格whose+n.=the+n.+of+whom/which实战演练：1He_____doesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2Youaretheperson______advicehemightaccept.3.Thisisthedictionary_______coverisred.4Ihavemanyfriends________Iamgoingtovisit.5Canyoulendmethepen________youboughtyesterday.6.Thisactivity__________wasorganizedbytheStudentUnionisverymeaningful.二：当先行词是物，以下情况只用that不用which1.当先行词是不定代词时：all,everything,nothing,anything，引导词用that不用which2.当先行词被最高级，序数词，thevery,theonly,all,little所修饰时，用that不用which3.当先行词既有人又有物，用that4.在疑问词who、which开头的句子中时.1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.3.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.4.Ihavereadallthebooks______yougaveme.5.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.6.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.7.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.8.Hedideverything______hecouldforme.9.Theteachertriedhisbesttoteachhisstudentsall_____hehadlearnedinhislife.10.Thisisthemostmovingfilm______Ihadeverseen.11.Tfoundtheverypen____Ilostyesterday.12.Thisisthefirstplay_______IhaveseensinceIcamehere.13.Theonlything_____youwanttosayismoney.14.Hetalkedsomepeopleandsomethings______hesawinthecountryside.15.Whoistheperson________istalkingwithMr.White?三：只用which不用that的情况：用逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句中；which可以指代前面整个句子，“这一点”，也可以指代前面一个先行词。Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.Ourteamwonthefootballgame,_____madeusexcited.Hedidn’tpasstheexam,________madehisfatherveryangry.Helentmeadictionary,________wasveryuseful.四：介词in/on/of/for/at/with/without/by/from/+which/whom引导的定语从句1.Iknowtheman______________youtalkedjustnow.2WuDong,____________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch(我和他一起去)4Hefoundajob_____________hehadbeenpreparing.(他一直为这项工作做准备)5Theworker_____________thebossisnotsatisfiedwillbefired.(老板对他不满意)6.Thetower______whichpeoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.7.Hebuiltatelescope_______whichhecouldstudytheskies.8.Doyoulikethebook_____whichshespent$10?9.Doyoulikethebook_____whichshepaid$10?10.Isthisthefactory____whichyourfatherworks?11.Theworker_____whomthebossisnotsatisfiedwillbefired.12Thefilmabout______theyaretalkinglaststwohours.介词前置五:关系副词：1.where在从句中充当地点状语。at/inwhich2.when在从句中充当时间状语.on/at/during/which3.why在从句中充当原因状语。forwhich英语中还有表示抽象的地点的词：stage阶段position境地situation处境,情况case案例,常用where/inwhich来引导定语从句1Thereareseveralreasons_____weshouldbansmokingatschool.2Bird’sNest,______theopeningandclosingceremoniesareheld,willbecompletedinMay.3.Istillremembertheday____________IfirstcametoBeijing.4.I’llneverforgetthetime_____________weworkedonthefarm.5.Youmusttellusthereason____________youwereagainlateforthemeeting.6.Thisistheplace________________wefirstmet.7.Beijingistheplace________Iwasborn.8.Wehavereachedapoint________webothmusttakeaction.9.Therewasacase__________nooneadmitted承认theymadeamistake.10.Canyoucreateasituation___________allofuscangetalongwellwitheachother.注意：但是当定语从句中出现visit,spend,give,explain等及物动词时，虽然先行词是表时间，地点，原因，引导词必须填which/that,因为定语从句此时缺少的是宾语，而不是状语。1.Doyourememberthechickenfarm_________wevisitedthreemonthsago?2.Thisistheplace__________wevisitedlastyear.3.Isthisthereason________heexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?4.---Whenwereyourlegsinjured?----ItwasoneSundaylastmonth______myfatherandIspentattheseaside.5.---Weweresurprisedtohearthatthereason_______shegaveforherabsencewasthathermotherwasill.6.Easterisatime_______peoplespendcelebratingtherebirthofChrist.六：由most/all/both/neither/none+of+which/whom引导的定语从句比如：1.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof___________hadn‘tbeencleanedforatleastayear.2.Ihavemanybooks,some_________areveryinteresting.3.Therearetwobuildings,thelargerof______standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.4.Hehastwosons,bothof_____areteachers.(两个都是老师)=Hehastwosons,andbothof_____areteachers.(两个都是老师)七：as引导的定于从句1.______isreportedinthenewspaper,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.2._______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.3.____weallknow,Johnisanhonestman.4.Heisnotsuchaman___heusedtobe5.He’sfoundsuchtools_____wereusedbyancientlabors.八：非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，当先行词表物，只用which引导，而不用that。非限制性定语从句中，引导词不可省略。如：Rome,________isthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.YesterdayImetProfessorKing,______camefromtheUniversityofLondon.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,______surprisesallthepeoplepresent.练习：1.________isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.2.Iworkinabusiness_______almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchance.3.Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,___________hewentontoCambridge.4.Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,_______shewantedtobe.5.Thisisthehouse__________wasbuiltlastyear6.Theboy_______________wesawyesterdaywasJonn’sbrother.7.Hetoldeverything_____hehadseeninthetrafficaccident8.Isawsometrees

_____

leaveswereblackwithdisease.9.Isthistheroom_____________welivedbefore?10.Shestillrememberstheyear_______shefoundherfirstjob.11.Thisisthereason_______Iamlate.12.Idon’tliketheway______________shespoketome.13.Canyoulendmethebook____________youtalkedlastnight?14.Doyoufindthepen____whichIwrotejustnow?15.Heisakindofboyto_______pepolewillnevergiveasecondchance.16.Ifinishreadingthebook_____whichLuXundescribedhischildhood.17.I’llneverforgetthedays_____wefoughtagainsttheSARS.18.Susanhastwobrothers,bothof______arewell-knowndoctors.19.Helenwasmuchkindertohisyoungestsonthantheothers,_____madetheothersenvy(妒嫉)him.20.Thisisthereason________hedidn’tattendthelectureontime.21.Thehouse,______doorisblue,belongstoMr.Smith.22.Theyaretalkingabouttheteachersandthestudents_______theyrememberedintheirmiddleschool.23.Thelady,_________youjusttalkedwith,usedtoworkasasecretaryinafamouscompany.24.Thesmallvillage,_____hegrewup,haschangedintoaindustrialcitynow.25.Thisisthereason________hegiveme.26.Thisisthefactory_______myfatherspentallhislifeworking.27.Doyoustillrememberthecity______wevisitedlasttime?28.Theboyto_________thatourteacherspokeisoneofthebeststudentsinourclass.29.Doyoufindabook_______coverisbroken?Itismine.30.Canyourememberthedays______wespentwiththoseAmericanchildren.31.Ifyouarriveatsixo’clock_________thepartybegins,Iwillbehappy.32.Tomdecidedtomovetoabigcity________bothheandhiswifecanfindgoodjobs.33.Iwon’tgototheshopin______thepricesaresohighwhilegoodsaresobad.34.Weknowmuchaboutthegirl_______spokenEnglishisthebestinourschool.35.GrandmotherandIalwayssatunderthattreeatnight_______theskywasfullofstars.36.Therearenobusesatsuchalatehour,________meantwewouldhavetowalkhome.37.____isknown,theearthgoesroundthesun.38.____wasexpected,ourteamwonthegame.39.____isknowntousall,theearthgoesroundthesun.用关系词将下列句子连成一句1.Imetaboy.TheboycanspeakEnglish.__________________________________________________________________________2.Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsneartheroad.__________________________________________________________________________3.Takethepencil.Thepencilwasonthetable.__________________________________________________________________________4.Wesawsomepeople.Theirhouseswereburneddowninthefire.__________________________________________________________________________5.Thefishwasnotfresh.weboughtthefish.__________________________________________________________________________6.ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.__________________________________________________________________________7.Theroomismine.Itswindowsfacesouth.__________________________________________________________________________8.Ilikethebook.Thebook’scoverisyellow.__________________________________________________________________________9.Nobodylikesthehouse.Thehouse’sroofisblack.__________________________________________________________________________10.Mydaughteraskedmeaquestion..Icouldn’tanswerit.__________________________________________________________________________11.Theriverispolluted.Itflowsthroughtown.__________________________________________________________________________12.Thebookswereexpensive.Iboughtthem.__________________________________________________________________________13..Wesawsomepeople.Theirhouseswereburneddowninthefire.__________________________________________________________________________14.I’llneverforgettheday.Imetyouonthatday.__________________________________________________________________________15.Thisisthetown.Ispentmychildhoodinthetown.__________________________________________________________________________16Canyouthinkofasituation?Youmayusethisexpressioninthesituation.__________________________________________________________________________17.Pleasetellmethereas