高考英语模拟题汇编专题05 阅读理解之议论文三（解析版）

专题05阅读理解之议论文（2020届河南省名校联盟高三联考）Theysaythat''apictureisworthathousandwords'',butthebriefestlookatbooksandthemoviesbasedonthemwouldhaveanyonequestioningthiscommonsaying.Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic''turkeys''.Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer'sTheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?Moviesneedstrongcharacters.SowhyhavethemoviesbasedonTheGreatGatsbyneverbeenpraisedas''great''?Moviesofcourseneedimpressiveimages,sowhyhasAliceinWonderlandonlyresultedinmoviesbestdescribedas''interesting''?Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.ThisissomethingthateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan'tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednottoseesomeoftheirfavoritecharactersinthemovieversions.Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon'tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.Take,forexample,theepicmovieTroy,whichisinpartbasedonHomer'sTheIliadandwasmetwithmixedreviewsfromtheaudience.ThemostquestionableissuewastheactresschosentoplaythepartofHelen.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn'tliveuptoHelen'stitleof''themostbeautifulwomanintheworld'',influencingopinionsofthemovietosomeextent.ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople'seyes.Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.Interestingly,audienceshaveinrecentyearsturnedtotelevisionseriessuchasSherlockorMadMen,whichcanhavemanycharactersandgradualplotdevelopment.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald'smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselvesgluedtotheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby.12．Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthemovieadaptationistrue?A．ThecharactersinTheOdysseydonotstandout.B．ThemovieTroydoesn'tlookthewaywevisualizedwhilereadingthebook.C．ThevisualimagesarenotasstrikingasthedescriptionsinthebookTheGreatGatsby.D．SomepartsofthestoryandcharactersaremissinginthemovieAliceinWonderland.13．Oneofthereasonswhyadaptationsdisappointtheaudienceisthat________.A．theylackgoodstorytellingB．theimagesarenotimpressiveenoughC．thecharactersinthemoviesarenotstrongandinterestingD．thereisnotenoughtimeformoviestofullypresentthewholestory14．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A．Everyshoefitsnoteveryfoot.B．Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.C．Readingisamatterofpersonaltaste.D．Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutthebooksandmovies.15．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Peoplearedissatisfiedwiththecurrentmovies.B．Readingbooksisbetterthanwatchingmovies.C．Goodbooksmaynotbeadaptedforgreatmovies.D．Peopleareexpressingtheirpreferencetoreadingbooks.【答案】12．B13．D14．D15．C【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要通过由小说改编而来的电影没能被大家认可这个话题，从而来讨论小说和改编电影的关系。12．细节理解题。根据第四段的Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon'tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.Take,forexample,theepicmovieTroy(当故事不像我们读书时想象的那样时，电影总是让我们失望，以电影史诗《特洛伊》为例)可知，史诗电影《特洛伊》拍摄出来时，不像我们在阅读时想象的那样。B.ThemovieTroydoesn'tlookthewaywevisualizedwhilereadingthebook.(电影特洛伊和我们读书时想象的不一样)符合以上说法，故选B项。13．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.可知，一本书需要几天才能看完，而电影只有两个小时以下的时间，故而容易丢失一些细节和人物，不能完整地呈现小说内容。D.thereisnotenoughtimeformoviestofullypresentthewholestory(对于电影来说没有足够的时间来呈现完整的故事)符合以上说法，故选D项。14．词义猜测题。ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople'seyes.本句的字面意思为“一千个人眼里有一千个哈姆雷特”，再结合下文的Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.(此外，书和电影是两种完全不同的媒体，因此它们有不同的规则)可猜测划线部分的意思是：对于书和电影不同的人有不同的观点。D.Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutthebooksandmovies.(关于书和电影不同的人有不同的看法)符合以上猜测，故选D项。15．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic''turkeys''.(伟大的词汇最终变成了电影院的“火鸡”)可知，本文主要通过由著名小说改编的电影并没有得到和原小说同样的认可这个话题。根据第三段第一句Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.可知，一本书需要几天才能看完，而电影只有两个小时以下的时间，故而容易丢失一些细节和人物，不能完整地呈现小说内容。C.Goodbooksmaynotbeadaptedforgreatmovies.(好书可能不会被改编成好的电影)符合以上说法，故选C项。（2020届江西省南昌市高三二模）WhenIsentmydaughter,Emma,offforherfreshmanyearofcollegeafewyearsago,Ifoundmyselfaffectedbyanunbelievablefeelingofmelancholy.Clearly,I'mnotalone.Justlastweek,TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatmorethan90percentofcollegesoffertohelpmomsanddadswhoare“strugglingwiththechange.”BetweenThanksgiving,winterholiday,springbreakandsummerbreak,thefirstoneoutofmynesthascomeflutteringbackhomenearlyeverymonthoftheyearsinceshehasbeenaway.Goodfriendsliketojokethattheyseemoreofhernowthantheydidwhenshewasaseniorinhighschool.Inthemeantime,Emmacalls,textsore-mailsmealmosteveryday.Givenallthis,missingEmmaseemskindofsilly；I'veneverreallygottenthechance.Sowhy,then,haveIstillfeltonsomelevelthatI'veexperiencedagreatloss?AllsummerlongbeforeEmmaleftthatfirstyear,ItookEmmaoutforcountlessmother-daughterbreakfasts,lunches,coffeesandwalks.Atthesametime,IseemedtofindfaultwithEmmaallthetime.Inmyeyes,Emmahadspenttheweeksleadinguptoschoolgoingoutwithherfriendstoomuch,stayingoutwaytoolate,makingtoobigamess,notworkingenoughand,forgoodnesssake,certainlynotspendingenoughtimewithme!Althoughit'stakenquiteawhiletorealizewhatwashappening,InowunderstandthatmyunhappinessandanxietyarenotareflectionofhowmuchtimeEmmaandIspendtogether.Regardlessofhowoftenshecomeshome,orhowmanytimesadaywechatortext,Emmaisnowgoneinafargrandersense.Sheiswellontheroadtoadulthood,andfromthis,shewillneverreturn.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“melancholy”inparagraph1referto?A．Fierceanger. B．Deepsadness.C．Extremeexcitement. D．Greatsatisfaction.5．Whydoesitseemsillyfortheauthortomissherdaughter?A．Theykeepintouchfrequently. B．Friendsliketomakefunofher.C．Emmahasgrownuptoanadult. D．Otherparentsdon'tbehavelikethis.6．Whatactuallymadetheauthoroverlyworried?A．TheuntidinessofEmma'sroom. B．ThepassingofEmma'schildhood.C．TakingEmmaoutalltoooften. D．SpendinglittletimewithEmma.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ChangesintheParent-ChildRelationship B．TheMostConcernedParentsofAllTimeC．GrowingPainsforCollegeStudents D．StrugglingtoLetGoofMyDaughter【答案】4．B5．A6．B7．D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要记叙了几年前，作者送女儿Emma去上大学时，发现自己很悲伤。并且在报道中发现自己不是唯一一个有这种感受的家长。作者于是分析了让自己产生这种失落感的原因，最终发现是Emma童年的逝去让自己感到失落，女儿如今已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。4．词义猜测题。根据后文Clearly,I'mnotalone.Justlastweek,TheWallStreetJournalreportedthatmorethan90percentofcollegesoffertohelpmomsanddadswhoare“strugglingwiththechange.”可知显然，我并不孤单。就在上周，《华尔街日报》报道称，超过90%的大学提供帮助，帮助那些“在变化中挣扎”的父母。由此可知，几年前，当作者送女儿Emma去上大学一年级时，作者发现自己被一种难以置信的悲伤情绪所感染。划线单词意思为“深深的悲伤”。故选B。5．细节理解题。根据第二段中Inthemeantime,Emmacalls,textsore-mailsmealmosteveryday.可知与此同时，Emma几乎每天都给我打电话、发短信或电子邮件。以及第三段中Givenallthis,missingEmmaseemskindofsilly…可知考虑到这一切，想念艾玛似乎有点傻……由此可知，作者想念她的女儿会显得很愚蠢因为他们经常保持联系。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据最后一段Althoughit'stakenquiteawhiletorealizewhatwashappening,InowunderstandthatmyunhappinessandanxietyarenotareflectionofhowmuchtimeEmmaandIspendtogether.Regardlessofhowoftenshecomeshome,orhowmanytimesadaywechatortext,Emmaisnowgoneinafargrandersense.Sheiswellontheroadtoadulthood,andfromthis,shewillneverreturn.可知虽然花了相当长的时间才意识到发生了什么，但我现在明白，我的不快乐和焦虑并不是我和Emma在一起的时间多寡的反映。不管她回家的频率有多高，也不管我们每天有多少次聊天或发短信，Emma现在在更大的意义上来说，已经不在了。她已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。由此可知，让作者过度担心的原因是Emma童年的逝去。故选B。7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中WhenIsentmydaughter,Emma,offforherfreshmanyearofcollegeafewyearsago,Ifoundmyselfaffectedbyanunbelievablefeelingofmelancholy.可知几年前，当我送女儿艾玛去上大学一年级时，我发现自己被一种难以置信的忧郁情绪所感染。结合文章主要记叙了几年前，作者送女儿Emma去上大学时，发现自己很悲伤。并且在报道中发现自己不是唯一一个有这种感受的家长。作者于是分析了让自己产生这种失落感的原因，最终发现是Emma童年的逝去让自己感到失落，女儿如今已经很好地走在了成年的路上，从此，她再也回不去了。由此可知，D选项“挣扎着放开我的女儿”最符合文章标题，故选D。（2020届江西省南昌市高三二模）Onmyfourthdayinaself-drivingcar,Ifinallyfeltcomfortableenoughtoletitstopitself.Beforethen,I'dallowedthecar-aVolvoS90sedan-tocontrolthedirection,withmyhandsstillonthewheel,andtoadjustspeedintraffic.ByDay4,Iwasreadytomakeajumpintothefuture.Withthecartravelingonabusyroad,Iactivatedthedriverlessmode.Soon,atrafficlightturnedred.Forasplitsecond,Ipreparedtogetonthebrakes.Therewasnoneed.ThecamerasandcomputersintheVolvorecognizedthetrafficconditionsandsmoothlybeganapplyingthebrake.Ifyou'reanythinglikemostpeople,you'refamiliarwiththisanxiety.Almost80percentofAmericansfeartravelinginaself-drivingcar,arecentsurveyfound.ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagohaveconductedsomecleverexperimentsstudyingthephenomenon.Theyaskedparticipantstocompletetasksandcomparetheirperformancewithacomputersystem's.Afterthecomputermadeamistake,peoplewereunwillingtouseitagain.Afterthepeoplemademistakes,theirself-confidencewouldn'tchange.Itdidn'tmatterthatthehumanbeingsmademoremistakesthanthecomputer.Soitiswithdriving.Morethan37,000Americansdiedincrasheslastyear,mostfromhumanerror.Thedeathcountfromcarsgoesbeyondthatfromguns.Soifyouareshockedandangrybygunsandwantthingstochange,youshouldfeelthesameaboutcarcrashes.Technologycreatesanopportunitytosavelives.Computersdon'tgetdrunkordistractedbytextmessages,andtheydon'thaveblindspots.Justlookatcommercialairlines:AutomationhashelpedallbutgetridofdeadlycrashesamongAmericanaircarriers.Thelastonehappenedin2009.Thetechnologyforself-drivingcarsstillisn'tgoodenough.Butitisimprovingrapidly.Withinafewyears,manycarswillhaveadvancedcrash-avoidancesystemsanddrivingwillberevolutionizedsoonerthanmanypeoplenowunderstand.8．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A．Byofferingapieceofnews. B．Bygivingbackgroundinformation.C．Bydescribinganexperience. D．Byintroducingalatestcar.9．Whatcanbelearntabouttheparticipantsoftheexperiments?A．Theytendedtoacceptthecomputer'sfaults.B．Theyseemedtocarelittleabouttheirownmistakes.C．Theyfeltlessconfidentaftermakingmistakes.D．Theyperformedbetterthancomputersystems.10．Theauthormentionedcommercialairlines___________.A．toprovetheadvantageoftechnology B．toassessthesecurityofdriverlesscarsC．tofindfaultwithcomputers D．toadvertiseforthecommercialairlines11．Whatdoestheauthorexpectoftheself-drivingcar?A．I'llavoiddeadlycrashesentirely. B．It'lloccupythemarketinashorttime.C．It'llbebetteredineverypossibleway. D．It'llbepopularizedsoonerthanexpected.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者先是通过自己驾驶自动汽车的经历来说明了最近的一项调查发现，近80%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。而芝加哥大学的研究人员进行了一些巧妙的实验来研究这一现象，结果发现电脑出了错误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之后，他们的自信并不会改变。文章还说明了电脑技术的优势以及作者对自动驾驶汽车的期待。8．推理判断题。根据文章前三段主要描述了作者第四天驾驶自动驾驶汽车时的经过，在路上，交通灯变红了刹那间，作者准备踩刹车，这是没有必要的，沃尔沃车上的摄像头和电脑识别出了交通状况，并开始平稳地刹车。结合第三段中Almost80percentofAmericansfeartravelinginaself-drivingcar,arecentsurveyfound.可知最近的一项调查发现，近80%的美国人害怕乘坐自动驾驶汽车。第四段中则开始论述文章的主题。由此可推知，作者通过描述一个自身经历来引入主题。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据第四段中Theyaskedparticipantstocompletetasksandcomparetheirperformancewithacomputersystem's.Afterthecomputermadeamistake,peoplewereunwillingtouseitagain.Afterthepeoplemademistakes,theirself-confidencewouldn'tchange.Itdidn'tmatterthatthehumanbeingsmademoremistakesthanthecomputer.可知他们要求参与者完成任务，并将他们的表现与电脑系统进行比较。电脑出了错误后，人们就不愿再用它了。当人们犯了错误之后，他们的自信不会改变。人类犯的错误比计算机多并不重要。由此可推知，实验参与者似乎对自己的错误毫不在意。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Technologycreatesanopportunitytosavelives.Computersdon'tgetdrunkordistractedbytextmessages,andtheydon'thaveblindspots.Justlookatcommercialairlines:AutomationhashelpedallbutgetridofdeadlycrashesamongAmericanaircarriers.可知技术创造了拯救生命的机会。电脑不会喝醉或被短信分心，也没有盲点。看看商业航空公司:自动化几乎帮助所有美国航空公司摆脱了致命的坠机事故.由此可推知，作者提到商业航空公司是为了证明技术的优势。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Thetechnologyforself-drivingcarsstillisn'tgoodenough.Butitisimprovingrapidly.Withinafewyears,manycarswillhaveadvancedcrash-avoidancesystemsanddrivingwillberevolutionizedsoonerthanmanypeoplenowunderstand.可知自动驾驶汽车的技术还不够好。但它正在迅速改善。几年之内，许多汽车将拥有先进的防撞系统，驾驶技术将比现在人们所了解的更快地发生革命性变化。由此可推知，作者对自动驾驶汽车的期望是它会比预期更早地普及。故选D。（2020届山西省太原市高三二模）Onerainyafternoon,Iwasonacrosstownbuswhenayoungwomanjumpedon.Shehadachildwithherwhowasaboutthreeorfouryearsold.Thebuswasfull,bumpy(颠簸的),anditsoongotnoisy,asherkidbegancrying—hewasupsetthathecouldn'tsitnexttohismother.Shelookedembarrassed.Thenanotherwoman,alittleolder,stoodupandmovedsothatthemotherandchildcouldsittogether.Themumsmiledasathank-you.Andthenthreewordscameoutoftheolderwoman'smouththatraisedtheentireenergyofthatbusride:“I'vebeenthere.”Simple,undramatic,andhonest.Inthatmoment,itseemedtounitethediversepeopleofthecity.Why?Becausealmostallexperiencesaresharedhumanexperiences.They'reuniversal.Weforgetthataswegothroughlife,focusedonourowntroublesandneeds—whichareactuallylessuniquethanwethink.Sometimespainfulpastexperiencespreventusfromwantingtoopenuptoothersbecausewedon'twanttorevisitourownhistory.Butawonderfulwaytohonoryourpasthurtistohelpcomfortanother'scurrentpain.WhenIwasalittlegirl,welivedondonationsfromlocalfamiliesandclothingfromthe"lostandfound"baskets.Itwasshamefulformeatthetime—Ilivedinfearofbeingcaughtinafriend'scast-offitem.Evenwhenitwaswarmer,Irefusedtotakeoffalayerintheclassroomforthisreason.NowIdon'tmeetpeoplewhoareinthisexactsituation,butIdonoticewhensomeoneisstrugglingwithfinancialshameorfeelslessthanotherpeopletheymeet.AndI'mquicktosaysomeversionof,"I'vebeenthere."Cantheessenceofthesethreewordshelpyoumakeasmalldifferencerightnow?Itcanbeassimpleasvolunteeringyourseat,sharingsomehelpfuladvice,orevenlighteningthemoodwithajokewhenyounoticethatsomeone'suncomfortable—becausewe'reallinthistogether.8．Whatinfluencedidtheolderwoman'swordshaveonthepeoplearound?A．Causingdiscomfort. B．Breakinglongsilence.C．Creatingaheateddebate. D．Inspiringcommonfeelings.9．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofpersonaltroublesandneeds?A．Theyaremostlysharedexperiences. B．Theydon'treallymattertoanyone'C．Theywillbeforgottenwithtime. D．Theyareuniquetoeachindividual.10．Whydidtheauthorrefusetotakeoffthecoatintheclassroom?A．Becauseshehadthesamesweaterwithothers.B．Becauseshestolethesweaterfromsomeone'C．Becauseshelikedwearingthecoatinsummer.D．Becauseshefeltembarrassedwearingothers'clothes.11．What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A．PainfulExperiencesAreNoBigDeal B．TheBestWaytoHonorYourPastHurtC．TrueHappinessComesfromHelpingOthers D．ThreeLittleWordsThatBringUsTogether【答案】8．D9．A10．D11．D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章由作者在公交车上看到一位老太太给一对母子让座，老太太对那位母亲说“I'vebeenthere.(我也经历过)”而引发了对这三个字的思考，并联想到自身小时候家中贫困的经历。作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历，这三个字可以帮助安慰别人现在的痛苦，将人们联系在一起。8．推理判断题。根据第二段中Andthenthreewordscameoutoftheolderwoman'smouththatraisedtheentireenergyofthatbusride:“I'vebeenthere.”可知接着老太太嘴里说出了三个字:“我也经历过。”这三个字让整趟公车都充满了活力。由此可推知，老妇人的话激发了周围人的共同情感。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中Becausealmostallexperiencesaresharedhumanexperiences.可知因为几乎所有的经历都是人类共有的经历。由此可知，作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第五段WhenIwasalittlegirl,welivedondonationsfromlocalfamiliesandclothingfromthe“lostandfound”baskets.Itwasshamefulformeatthetime—Ilivedinfearofbeingcaughtinafriend’scast-offitem.可知当我还是个小女孩的时候，我们靠当地家庭的捐赠和“失物招领”篮子里的衣物为生。在当时，这对我来说是很丢脸的——我一直生活在恐惧中，害怕被抓住穿着一个朋友丢弃的东西。由此可知，作者在教室里拒绝脱外衣因为她觉得穿别人的衣服不好意思。故选D。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Cantheessenceofthesethreewordshelpyoumakeasmalldifferencerightnow?Itcanbeassimpleasvolunteeringyourseat,sharingsomehelpfuladvice,orevenlighteningthemoodwithajokewhenyounoticethatsomeone'suncomfortable—becausewe'reallinthistogether.可知现在，这三个字的本质能帮你做出一点小小的改变吗？它可以很简单，比如自愿让座，分享一些有用的建议，甚至当你注意到某人不舒服时，用一个笑话来缓解情绪——因为我们都是在一起的。结合文章由作者在公交车上看到一位老太太给一对母子让座，老太太对那位母亲说“I'vebeenthere.(我也经历过)”而引发了对这三个字的思考，并联想到自身小时候家中贫困的经历。作者认为个人的烦恼和需求大多是共同的经历，这三个字可以帮助安慰别人现在的痛苦，将人们联系在一起。由此可知，D选项“让我们走到一起的三个字”最符合文章标题，故选D。（2020届山西省太原市高三二模）DoCyberSchoolsMaketheGrade?StudentsinCaldwell,Idaho,canattendclassintheirpajamas!AtVallivueVirtualAcademy,coursesaretaughtonline.Studentsworkathomewithparents,whoserveaslearningcoaches.Acertifiedteacheroverseesthestudents'progress.Thecyberschoolwaslaunchedasafreeoptionforstudentsinkindergartenthroughgrade8whohavetroublesucceedinginthedistrict'straditionalpublicschool.Supportersoftheprogramsaythatvirtuallearningcanhelpstudentsworkattheirownpace.Ifstudentsstrugglewithsubjects,theycantakethosecoursesonlineandspendmoretimeonthem.ValerieVanSelous,ateacherfromHopewellTownship,N.J・，agrees."Teachers,students,andparentsneedtoacceptnewtechnologyandnotbeafraidofit.Offeringdifferentteachingaidsjustmightbethekeytounlockingastudent'spotential."Somealsobelievethatattendingvirtualschoolcanpreparestudentsforcollegeandforworkaftergraduation."Weneedtoberesponsibleforworkingonourown,”saysAngelaGoscilo,aseniorfromPoundRidge,N.Y."Weneedtodeveloptechnologyskillsthatwillhelpusinwhateverwedo.Gettinganearlystartisagoodidea."Noteveryonegivescyberschoolsapassinggrade，however.Someeducatorsarguethatonlinelearningmakesithardforstudentstomakefriends.PaytonMcdonough,13,aseventhgraderfromGlencoe,m.,agrees."Idon'tknowhowIcouldsitatacomputeralldaywithoutactuallyinteractingwithmypeersandteachers,"hesays.Inaddition,virtualschoolsdon’thaveenoughstructure.Studentswhotakeonlinecoursescansettheirownschedules,whichwillcauseproblemsforstudentswhohavetroublestayingmotivated.Manyparentsalsofeelthatcyberschoolsputunrealistictimedemandsonthembecausetheyhavetooverseetheirkids'dailywork.Manyofthemhavefull-timejobs.Howaretheygoingtoruntheirchildren'seducation,excelintheirjobs,andtakecareoftheirotherresponsibilitiesathome?12．Whatisthecyberschoolintendedfor?A．Reducingthetimestudentsspendonline.B．Helpingthosewhostruggleintraditionalschools.C．Allowingteacherstoworkattheirownpace.D．Encouragingstudentstolearnabouttechnology.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph5?A．Noteveryoneapprovesofcyberschools.B．Noteveryonehasattendedacyberschool.C．Noteveryonehasgivencyberschoolsatest.D．Noteveryonecaresaboutstudentsincyberschools.14．Howdoworkingparentsfeelaboutoverseeingtheirkids'dailywork?A．It'sworthwhile.B．It'sunnecessary.C．It'sdemanding.D．It'sdiscouraging.15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．StudentsinCaldwellcanattendclassathomeeveryday.B．Therearevariousargumentsforandagainstvirtualschools.C．It'simportantforstudentstolearntoworkinthevirtualworld.D．Cyberschoolsarebetterthantraditionalschoolsinmanyways.【答案】12．B13．A14．C15．B【解析】这是一篇议论文，主要论述了对网校的不同看法。12．推理判断题。由第三段“Thecyberschoolwaslaunchedasafreeoptionforstudentsinkindergartenthroughgrade8whohavetroublesucceedinginthedistrict'straditionalpublicschool.”可知，网络学校是为幼儿园到8年级的学生提供的一种免费选择，这些学生在当地传统的公立学校中很难取得成功。由此可以判断，网络学校是为了帮助在传统学校里苦苦奋斗的那些学生。故选B项。13．词义猜测题。根据下文Someeducatorsarguethatonlinelearningmakesithardforstudentstomakefriends.PaytonMcdonough,13,aseventhgraderfromGlencoe,m.,agrees."Idon'tknowhowIcouldsitatacomputeralldaywithoutactuallyinteractingwithmypeersandteachers,"hesays.（一些教育工作者认为，在线学习让学生很难交朋友。13岁的佩顿·麦克多诺(PaytonMcdonough)是密歇根州格兰科市(Glencoe)的一名七年级学生。他说:“我不知道我怎么能整天坐在电脑前而不与我的同学和老师互动。”）这是对网校的否定。由此可知，划线的句子意思是并非所有人都赞成网络学校。故选A项。14．推理判断题。由最后一段“Manyparentsalsofeelthatcyberschoolsputunrealistictimedemandsonthembecausetheyhavetooverseetheirkids'dailywork.Manyofthemhavefull-timejobs.Howaretheygoingtoruntheirchildren'seducation,excelintheirjobs,andtakecareoftheirotherresponsibilitiesathome?”可知，许多家长还认为，网络学校对他们的时间要求不切实际，因为他们必须监督孩子的日常学业。他们中的许多人都有全职工作。她们将如何管理孩子的教育，如何在工作中出类拔萃，如何照顾好家里的其他责任?由此可见，对于那些有工作的家长而言，监督孩子的日常这件事要求太高，他们无暇顾及。故选C项。15．主旨大意题。由标题“DoCyberSchoolsMaketheGrade?”可知，网络学校合格吗？同时结合本文的第三段以及第四段和第五段的首句，我们可以看出来这篇文章主要就网校是否合格这个主题，分别从正面和反面阐述了观点。故选B项。（2020届山西省运城市高三调研）Thatrobots,automation,andsoftwarecanreplacepeoplemightseemobvioustoanyonewho’sworkedinautomotivemanufacturing.ButMITbusinessscholarsErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfee’sclaimismoretroublingandcontroversial.Theybelievethatrapidtechnologicalchangehasbeendestroyingjobsfasterthanitiscreatingthem.Theybelievethattechnologyincreasesproductivityandmakessocietieswealthier,butitbecamecleartothemthatthesametechnologiesmakingmanyjobssafer,easier,andmoreproductivewerealsoreducingthedemandformanytypesofhumanworkers.TechnologiesliketheWeb,artificialintelligence,andbigdataareautomatingmanyroutinetasks.Countlesstraditionalwhite-collarjobs,suchasmanyinthepostofficeandincustomerservice,havedisappeared.Asevidence,BrynjolfssonandMcAfeepointtoachartonwhichseparatelinesrepresentproductivityandtotalemploymentintheUnitedStates.ForyearsafterWorldWarII,thetwolinescloselytrackedeachother,withincreasesinjobscorrespondingtoincreasesinproductivity.Then,beginningin2000,thelinesdiverge;productivitycontinuestorisesteadily,butemploymentsuddenlyshrinks.By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.UnitedStatesProductivityandEmploymentButarethesenewtechnologiesreallyresponsibleforadecadeoflackluster(无生气)jobgrowth?DavidAutor,aneconomistatMITwhohasstudiedtheconnectionsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.Ifhe’sright,itraisesthepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.Thesuddenslowdowninjobcreation“isabigpuzzle,”hesays,“butthere’snotalotofevidencethatit’slinkedtocomputers.”“Tobesure,computertechnologiesarechangingthetypesofjobsavailable,butthatisverydifferentfromsayingtechnologyisaffectingthetotalnumberofjobs,”headds.“Jobscanchangealotwithouttherebeinghugechangesinemploymentrates.”LawrenceKatz,aHarvardeconomist,saysthatwhiletechnologicalchangescanbepainfulforworkerswhoseskillsnolongermatchtheneedsofemployers,nohistoricalpatternshowstheseshiftsleadingtoanetdecreaseinjobsoveranextendedperiod.Still,Katzdoesn’tdismissthenotionthatthereissomethingdifferentabouttoday’sdigitaltechnologies.Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinelyaquestion,”hesays.“Iftechnologydisruptsenough,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”8．WhichperiodonthechartstronglysupportsMcAfee’sclaim?A．1947—1967.B．1985—1987.C．1997—2000.D．2011—2013.9．AccordingtoDavidAutor,thechangeinjobgrowth________.A．isnotnecessarilycausedbytechnologyB．resultsfromaweakeningeconomyC．hasnoconnectionwithproductivityD．affectsthecurrenttypesofjobs10．WhatisLawrenceKatz’sattitudetowardsthetopic?A．Optimistic.B．Defensive.C．Objective.D．Disapproving.11．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.A．showtherelationbetweenproductivityandjobcreationB．discusstheeffectoftechnologicaladvancesonemploymentC．argueagainstthewideuseofartificialintelligenceD．explaintheimpactoftechnologiesonproductivity【答案】8．D9．A10．C11．B【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文讨论了技术进步对就业的影响。8．推理判断题。根据第三段中By2011,asignificantgapappearsbetweenthetwolines,showingeconomicgrowthwithnoparallelincreaseinjobcreation.可知，图表上2011—2013强烈支持McAfee的主张。故答案为D。9．推理判断题。根据第四段中itraisesthepossibilitythatpoorjobgrowthcouldbesimplyaresultofadepressedeconomy.可知，根据DavidAutor的说法，就业增长的变化并不一定是由技术造成的，而可能是由萧条的经济造成的。故答案为A。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Thoughheexpectsthehistoricalpatterntohold,itis“genuinelyaquestion,”hesays.“Iftechnologydisruptsenough,whoknowswhatwillhappen?”可知，LawrenceKatz对这个话题的态度是客观的。故答案为C。11．推理判断题。根据第四段中whohasstudiedtheconnectionsbetweenjobsandtechnology,doubtsthattechnologycouldaccountforsuchasuddenchangeintotalemployment.Moreover,healsodoubtsthatproductivityhas,infact,risensteadilyintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecade.可知，这篇文章的主要目的是讨论技术进步对就业的影响。故答案为B。（2020届四川省成都七中高三三诊）Recently,agroupofscientistsdecidedtofindoutwhatthefunniestjokeintheworldwas.Thiswasobviouslyadifficulttask,asnotwopeoplereallyagreeaboutwhatisfunnyandwhatisnot—especiallywhentheyarefromdifferentcountries.Hereisthejokewhichtheexpertsdecidedwasthefunniestjokeintheworld：Twohunterswereoutinthewoods.Oneofthemfelltotheground.Hedidn’tseemtobebreathing;hiseyeswereclosed.Theotherhuntertookouthismobilephoneandcalledtheemergencyservices.“Myfriendisdead!”hecriedtotheoperator.“WhatcanIdo？”Theoperatorsaid，“Don’tworry.First,makesurehe’sdead.”Therewasasilence,andthenashotwasheard.Bang!Thehunter’svoicecamebackonthe