2017年英语真题及解析

江苏省2017年普通高校专转本选拔考试英语试题卷注意事项：1.本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，试题卷共10页，全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.必须在答疑卡上作答，作答在试题卷上无效。作答前务必将自己的姓名和准考正好准确清晰的填写在试题卷和答题卡上的指定位置。考试结束时，须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。PratIReadingComprehension（共20小题，每小题2分，共40分）Directions:Thereare4passageinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneQuestions1to5basedonthefollowingpassage.Weusebothwordsandgesturestoexpressourfeelings,buttheproblemisthatthesewordsandgesturescanbeunderstoodindifferentways.Itistruethatasmilemeansthesamethinginanylanguage.Sodoeslaughterorcrying.Therearealsoanumberofstrikingsimilaritiesinthewaydifferentanimalsshowthesamefeelings.Dogs,tigersandhumans,forexample,oftenshowtheirteethwhentheyareangry.Thisisprobablybecausetheyarebornwiththosebehaviorpatterns.Fearisanotheremotionthatisshowninmuchthesamewayallovertheworld.InChineseandEnglishliterature,aphraselike“hewentpaleandbegantotremble”suggeststhatthemaniseitherveryafraidordeeplyshocked.However,“heopenedhiseyeswide”isusedtosuggestangerinChinesewhereasinEnglishitmeanssurprise.InChinesesurprisecanbedescribedinaphraselike“theystretchedouttheirtongues”.StickingoutyourtongueinEnglishisaninsultinggestureorexpressesstrongdislike.Eveninthesameculture,peopledifferintheabilitytounderstandandexpressfeelingsExperimentsinAmericahaveshownthatwomenareusuallybetterthanmenatrecognizingfear,angerloveandhappinessonpeople’sfaces.Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasiertorecognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanyoungerpeopledo.1.Accordingtothepassage,_________.A.wecanhardlyunderstandwhatpeople’sgesturesmeanB.wordsandgesturesmayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentculturesC.wordscanbebetterunderstandbyolderpeopleD.gesturescanbebetterunderstandbymostofthepeoplewhilewordscannot2.People’sfacialexpressionsmaybemisunderstandbecause______。A.peopleofdifferentagesmayhavedifferentunderstandingsB.peoplehavedifferentculturesC.peopleofdifferentsexesmayunderstandagesturedifferentlyD.peopleofdifferentcountriesspeakdifferentlanguages3.Eveninthesameculture,people_______.A.havedifferentabilitiestounderstandandexpressfeelingsB.haveexactlythesameunderstandingofsomethingC.neverfailtounderstandeachotherD.areequallyintelligent4.Fromthispassage.wecanconclude_______.A.wordsareusedasfrequentlyasgesturesB.wordsareoftenfounddifficulttounderstandC.wordsandgesturesarebothusedinexpressingfeelingsD.gesturesaremoreefficientlyusedthanwords5.Thebesttitleforthispassagebe________.A.WordsandFeelingsB.Words,GesturesandFeelingsC.GesturesandFeelingsD.CultureandUnderstandingPassageTwoQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheEnglishpolicemanhasseveralnicknamesbutthemostfrequentlyusedare“copper”and“bobby”.Thefirstnamecomesformtheverb“tocop”(whichisalsoslang),meaning“totake”or“tocapture”,andthesecondcomesformthefirstnameofSirRobertPeel,a19thcenturypolitician,whowasthefounderofthepoliceforceasweknowittoday.Anearlynicknameforthepolicemanwas“peeler”,butthisonehasdiedout.Whateverwemaycallthem,thegeneralopinionofthepoliceseemstobeafavorableone,except,ofcourse,amongthecriminalpartofthecommunitywherethepolicearegivenmorederogatorynicknameswhichoriginatedinAmerica,suchas“fuzz”or“pig”.VisitorstoEnglandseemtobeveryimpressedbytheEnglishpolice.Ithas,infact,becausestandingjokethatthevisitortoBritain,whenaskedforhisviewsofthecountry,willalwayssay,atsomepointorother,“Ithinkyourpolicemenarewonderful”.Well,theBritishbobbynotalwaysbewonderfulbutheisusuallyaveryfriendlyandhelpfulsortofcharacter.Amusic-hallsongofsomeyearsagowascalled“IfYouWantToKnowTheTime,AskAPoliceman”.Nowadays,mostpeopleownwatchesbuttheystillseemtofindplentyofotherquestionstoaskthepoliceman.InLondon,thepolicemanspendsomuchoftheirtimedirectingvisitorsaboutthecitythatonewondershowtheyeverfindtimetodoanythingelse.TwothingsareimmediatelynoticeabletothestrangerwhenheseesanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime.Thefirstisthatdoesnotcarryapistolandthesecondisthathewearsaverydistinctivetypeofheadgear,thepoliceman’shelmet.Hishelmet,togetherwithhisheight,enablesanEnglishpolicemantobetimeitissuggestedthatthepolicemanshouldbegivenapistolandthanhishelmetshouldbetakenformhim,butbothsuggestionsareresistedbythemajorityofthepublicandthepolicethemselves.6.NowadaysBritishpeoplecallthepoliceman________.A.pigB.peelerC.bobbyD.fuzz7.WhichoffollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TherearefewercriminalsinAmericathaninBritain.B.B.TheEnglishpoliceusuallyleaveadeepimpressiononvisitors.C.TheEnglishbobbyisfriendlybutnothelpful.D.TheEnglishpoliceenjoyhavingpistols.8.IfyouseeanEnglishpolicemanforthefirsttime,youwillprobablynoticeatoncethat_______.A.heoftentellspeopletimeC.hehasahelmetontheheadB.heisusuallyveryhelpfulD.hewearsspecialclothes9.ThatanEnglishpolicemancanbeseenformsomedistanceis______.A.astandingjokeB.ofnohelpD.ofsomehelpC.strangeandfunny10.VisitorspraisetheEnglishpolicebecause______.A.theyarepoliceandhelpfulC.theyoftengivethanksB.theyobeyordersD.theyarearmedwithmodernequipmentPassageThreeQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasesforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlatterforlateruse.Itnotonlyincludes“remembering”thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfactsbutalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.Memoryisalsoinvolvedwhenasix-year-oldchildlearnstoswingabaseballbat.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateruse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememory-storagecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000“words”—readyforinstantuse.AnaverageAmericanteenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblemsolvingintelligenceofhumanbeings.Alargepartofaperson’smemoryisintermsofwordsandcombinationsofwords.11.Accordingtothepassage,memoryisconsideredtobe________.A.thebasisfordecisionmakingandproblemsolvingB.theabilitytostoreinformationforfutureuseC.anintelligencetypicallypossessedbyhumanbeingsD.thedatamainlyconsistingofwordsandcombinationsofwords12.Thecomparisonbetweenthememorycapacityofalargecomputerandthatofahumanbeingshowsthat______.A.computer’smemoryhasalittlebiggercapacitythanateenager’sB.computer’smemorycapacityismuchsmallerthananadulthumanbeing’sC.computer’smemorycapacityismuchsmallereventhanateenager’sD.computer’smemorycapacityisthesameasateenager’s13.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat______.A.onlyhumanbeingshaveproblem-solvingintelligenceB.aperson’smemoryisdifferentfromacomputer’sineveryrespectC.animalscansolveverysimpleproblemsD.animalssolveproblemsbyinstinctratherthanintelligence14.Thephrase“intermof”inthelastsentencecanbebestreplacedby“______”.A.inconnectionwithC.consistingB.expressedbyD.bymeansof15.Themainideaofthepassageis________.A.whatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemoryB.memoryisofvitalimportancetolifeC.howaperson’smemoryisdifferentformananimal’soracomputer’sD.whatmemorycarriesPassageFourQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Clearlyifwearetoparticipateinthesocietyinwhichwelivewemustcommunicatewithotherpeople.Agreatdealofcommunicationisperformedonaperson-to-personbasisbythesimplemeansofspeech.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythinginshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcomment,andverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.Face-to-facecontactisbynomeanstheonlyformofcommunicationandduringthelasttwohundredyearstheartofmasscommunicationhasbecomeoneofthedominatingfactorsofcontemporarysociety.Twothings,aboveothers,havecausedtheenormousgrowthofthecommunicationindustry.Firstly,inventivenesshasledtoadvancesinprinting,telecommunications,photography,radioandtelevision.Secondly,speedhasrevolutionizedthetransmissionandreceptionofcommunicationssothatlocalnewsoftentakesabackseattonationalnews,whichitselfisoftenalmosteclipsed（黯然失色）byinternationalnews.Nolongeristhepossessionofinformationconfinedtoaprivilegedminority.Inthelastcenturythewealthymanwithhisownlibrarywasindeedfortunate,buttodaytherearepubliclibraries.Fortyyearsagopeopleusedtoflocktothecinema,butnowfarmorepeoplesitathomeandturnontheTVtowatchaprogrammetheisbeingchanneledintomillionsofhomes.Communicationisnolongermerelyconcernedwiththetransmissionofinformation.Themoderncommunicationindustryinfluencesthewaypeopleliveinsocietyandbroadenstheirhorizonsbyallowingaccesstoinformation,educationandentertainment.Theprinting,broadcastingandadvertisingindustriesareallinvolvedwithinforming,educatingandentertaining.Althoughagreatdealofthematerialcommunicatedbythemassmediaisveryvaluabletotheindividualandtothesocietyofwhichheisapart,thevastmodernnetworkofcommunicationsisopentoabuse.However,themassmediaarewithusforbetterorforworse,andthereisnoturningback.16.Thefirstparagraphemphasizesthe______offace-to-facecontactinsocialsettings.A.usefulnessB.limitationC.natureD.creativity17.Thedevelopmentofthecommunicationindustryincontemporarysocietyresultsform______.A.theadvancesandrevolutionsC.theartofmasscommunicationB.theinventivenessandspeedD.theadvancesandspeed18.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_______.A.localnewsstilltakesasignificantplaceB.NationalnewsisbecomingmorepopularC.LocalnewsusedtobethemainsourceofinformationD.Internationalnewsisthefastesttransmittednews19.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Publiclibrarieshavereplacedprivatelibraries.B.Topossessinformationusedtobeaprivilege.C.Communicationmeansmorethantransmission.D.Communicationinfluencesthewayoflifeandthinking.20.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthewriteris______.A.concernedaboutthewronguseofthemassmediaB.happyaboutthedrasticchangesinthemassmediaC.pessimisticaboutthefutureofthemassmediaD.IndifferenttotheharmfulinfluenceofthemassmediaPartIIVocabularyandStructure（共40小题，每小题1分，共40分）Directions:Thereare40incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.21.Ihadsupperwithmyfriendsyesterdayafternoon,_____wewenttoattendaparty.A.afterwhenB.afterwhichC.afterthatD.afterit22._____difficultieshecomesacross,hecammanagetogetthemover.A.WhateverB.WhicheverC.HoweverD.Wherever23.Alargenumberofstudents_____attheEnglishcornertopracticeoralEnglishatthemoment.A.isgathering24.Theworkersworkingdayandnight,theconstructionofthebuilding_____bytheendofthismonth.B.aregatheringC.gathersD.gatherA.willbecompletingC.willhavecompletedB.willcompleteD.willhavebeencompleted25.ThebookaboutAmericanPresidentLincolnisveryinterestingandworth_____twice.A.toreadB.beingreadC.readingD.havingread26.Scientistshavereachedtheconclusion_____thetemperatureontheearthisgettinghigherandhigher.A.naiveenoughD.enoughnaively27.I’mnot_____tothinkIcanexcelinmathswithoutefforts.A.naiveenoughB.enoughnaiveC.naivelyenoughD.enoughnaivelyB.enoughnaiveC.naivelyenough28.NowadaystheInternethasbecomeanimportantwayofcommunication,_____ustokeepincontactwithourfriendsandrelativesinthedistance.A.topermitB.permittingC.permittedD.beingpermitting29.HehasbeenpracticingEnglishforeightyears,andnowhecanspeakEnglishasfluentlyashisEnglishteacher_____.A.isB.wasC.doesD.do30.Becauseofthethicksmog,manypeoplemovetoSanyainHainan,believingitwouldbeawonderfulplaceto_____in.A.LiveB.livingC.belivingD.belived31.Tomyrelief,myson_____beersincehisbestfriendwasfinedfordrivingafterdrinking.A.hasn’ttouchedC.nevertouchB.nevertouchedD.doesn’ttouch32._____preparingdinner,shestoodatthefrontdoorwaitingforherchildrentoreturn.A.TofinishB.HavingfinishedD.FinishedC.Havingbeenfinished33.Inthesilenceofmyroom,Icouldhearmygrandparent’svoices_____theytoldstoriesaboutourhard-workingandbravefamily.A.thatB.whichC.asD.since34.Itisestimatedthatself-drivetourcosts_____packagetour,sowe’dpreferourholidayorganizedbyalocaltravelagent.A.twiceasmuchasC.morethantwiceB.asmuchtwiceasD.asmuchastwice35.Theboyhadnochoicebut_____hisfatherintotheroom.A.tofollowB.followingC.followedD.follows36.Cakesandbreadsoldinshopsare_____packagednowthantheyusedto.A.muchmorebetterC.bestB.morebetterD.better37.Ifshehadn’tgonebackforhercreditcard,she______theearlytrainyesterday.A.won’thavemissedB.wouldn’tmissD.won’tmissC.wouldn’thavemissed38.Itisinspiringtohearthenewsthatmorehigh-speedrailways______inourcountry.A.builtB.buildC.willbebuiltD.arebuilding39.Undernocircumstances_______doanythingthatwillbenefityourselfbutdoharmtoyourcountry.A.youwillB.youshouldC.youcanD.canyou40.Theteamovercameallthedifficultiesandcompletedthetaskthreeweeksaheadoftime,______issomethingwehadnotexpected.A.itB.which41.Theboyisnotallowedtogetaccess______thecomputerfreelyathome.A.inB.toC.atD.forC.thatD.what42.______,allthepeopleinthecompanyshouldberesponsibleforthepresentcrisis.A.InacertainextentC.ForacertainextentB.ToacertainextentD.Atacertainextent43.A______amountoftimeandmoneywaswastedintheproject,forwhichhewasfired.A.considerable44.While______ajob,thegraduatestudentgotanoffertostudyabroad.A.appliedforB.applyingtoC.appliedtoD.applyingforB.changeableC.comparableD.comfortable45.______thatheloveschildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforhim.A.GivingB.GivenC.TogiveD.Give46.Hefindsithardtogotosleep______youtellhimthetruthoftheincident.A.ifB.sinceC.unlessD.whether47.Tooursurprise,ProfessorWangwas______appointedpresidentoftheuniversity.A.IfB.sinceC.unlessD.whether48.Myfatherdidn’ttravelmuchwhenhewasyoung,sohedecidedto______losttimeafterretirement.A.makeupwithC.makeuptoB.makeupforD.makeupof49.Theyoungmanaskedthegeneralmanagerto______himsomesothathecoulddetailhissalesplan.A.spendB.saveC.spareD.share50.Thehotelisnotverymodern,butisdoeshavethe________ofbeingclosetonature.A.explanationB.evidenceC.advanceD.advantage51.Thebossaskedeachemployeeto_______somenewideastoimprovethesalesofcosmetics.A.takecontrolofC.comeupagainstB.takechargeofD.comeupwith52.Inorderto________futureconfusionandproblems,weshouldmakeagoodplan.A.satisfyB.secureC.abuseD.avoid53.Whendoingbusiness,businesspeopleoften______businesscardstoprovidepersonalinformationaswellasinformationabouttheircompanies.A.download54.Ihaven’tseenhimforyears,andIcanhardly_____himatfirstsight.A.realizeB.recognizeC.hearD.discoverB.transformC.exchangeD.predict55.It’stimetowakeupandgetstarted,_______youwillneveryourdreamintoreality.A.exceptB.unlessC.ifD.or56.Whetherayoungmanworkshardornot______tohisfurtherdevelopment.A.makesadifferenceC.meetstheneedB.makesapromiseD.meetsadeadline57.Perhapsthemostpopulartouristattractionontheislandisthebeautifulbeach______warmwater,abundantsealife,andcleansand.A.makingB.showingC.lendingD.offering58.Althoughthetwinswereadoptedbydifferentfamilies,theyshowedsurprising______intheirlives.A.tempersB.responsibilitiesC.similaritiesD.experiences59.NowadaystheEnglishmajorsare_______girls,thoughtheresomeboys.A.most60.Ifsomeonecomestoseeme,pleasetellhimtoleavea_______.A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.noticeB.muchC.mostlyD.manyPartIIICloze（共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthepassage.ThenmarkyouranswerbyblackeningthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Mostparent,Isuppose,havehadtheexperienceofreadingabedtimestorytotheirchildren.Andtheymusthavechildren`sbook.Eithertheauthorhascan’t63whatisinhis(ormoreoften,her)story,orthestoryseemstobe64tothereaders.Thebestchildren’sbooksaresatisfy66thechildwhohearsthestoryandtheadultwhoreadsit.61howdifficultitistowriteagood62toohighsothatthechildren65verydifficultnorverysimple,and6769,thereareinfact6870bookslikethis.Theproblemoffindingthetosolve.bedtimestoryisnotThismaybewhymanyofbooks71asworksofchildren’sliteraturewereinfactwritten72grownups.“Alice’sAdventureinWonderland”isperhapsthemostobviousofthis.Children,leftforthemselves,often73theworstpossibleinterestin75willinglychoosethebookswritteninanimaginativeway,orhavealookatmostliterature.Just74achildinbookshoporlibrary,andhewillchildren’scomics,fullofthestoriesandjokes,76teachersandparents.aretheobjectionsofPerhapsweparentsshould77tryingtoforcechildreninto78ourtasteinliterature.Afterall,childrenandadultsareparentsshouldnotexpectthattheywillenjoythewe'lljusthavetocompromiseoverthatbedtimestory.7980differentthatwebooks.SoIsuppose61.A.hoped62.A.wanted63.A.listen64.A.talker65.A.bothB.realizedB.saidC.toldD.saidC.aimedC.leaveD.feltB.joinD.followD.talkB.beingtalkedC.talkingB.neitherB.allC.eitherC.someD.or66.A.bothD.eitherD.UnfortunatelyD.little67.A.Luckily68.A.fewB.HappilyB.manyC.UnexcitedlyC.much69.A.difficult70.A.hardB.wrongB.easyC.rightC.enoughC.concernedC.againstC.findD.leftD.comfortableD.regardedD.over71.A.reconsidered72.A.forB.expressedB.to73.A.knowB.showD.add74.A.seizeB.bringB.lessC.takeD.leave75.A.moreC.fewerC.whichC.stopD.greaterD.what76.A.whichever77.A.startB.whateverB.forbidB.acceptingB.lessD.encourageD.refusingD.much78.A.receiving79.A.suchC.arrivingC.so80.A.commonB.averageC.differentD.samePartIVTranslation（共35分）SectionA（共5小题，每小题4分，共20分）Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.YoumayrefertothecorrespondingpassageinPartI.81.Otherstudiesshowthatolderpeopleusuallyfinditeasiertorecognizeorunderstandbodylanguagethanpeoplethanyoungerpeopledo.82.Nowadays,mostpeopleownwatchesbuttheystillseemtofindplentyofotherquestionstoaskthepoliceman.83.Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.84.Ifwetravelinbuses,buythingsinshops,oreatinrestaurants,wearelikelytohaveconversationswherewegiveinformationoropinions,receivenewsorcomment,andverylikelyhaveourviewschallengedbyothermembersofsociety.85.Themoderncommunicationindustrythewaypeopleliveinsocietyandbroadenstheirhorizonsbyallowingaccesstoinformation,educationandentertainment.SectionB（共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）Directions:TranslatefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.86.你明天出去时最好带上雨伞，以防下雨。87.因为天气变幻无常，我们没有出去野餐。88.她希望自己明天面试时会有好运。89.他从来没有想到会在伦敦遇到老同学。90.必须立即采取有效措施以防此类事件再次发生。PartVWriting（15分）Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaywiththetitleSocialPractice.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast120words,followingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.社会实践的作用；2.可能产生的问题；3.你的建议17英语试题卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOnePassageTwo01-05BBACB06-10CBCDAPassageThree11-15BCCBBPassageFour16-20ABCAAPartIIVocabularyandStructure21.B（考核：定语从句：介词+Which/Whom）22.A（考核：疑问词+ever引导的状语从句