中考英语二轮复习学案（十二） 主谓一致讲解与练习

PAGE34PAGE专题十三主谓一致语法一致原则三个原则意义一致原则就近原则一、语法一致原则（即主语是单数，谓语也用单数形式；主语是复数，谓语也用复数）and和1、all作主语时，谓语动词用复数。BothDannyandJennyaregoodfriends.both…and…谓语either,neither,anothereach,everyone,everybody,everything2、anybody,anything,anyone作主语，谓语用单数。someone,somebody,somethingnobody,noone,nothing例：Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.Anumberof+名词（复数）,谓语用复数形式3、Thenumberof+名词（复数）,谓语用单数形式例：Anumberoftreesarecutdown.Thenumberofstudentsis45inourclass.alotof,plentyof,mostof4、+名词，谓语的单复数与前面的名词一致分数，百分数（50%等）（即，名词是单数，谓语就用单数；名词是复数，谓语就用复数）例：1/3students(be)girls.Alotofwater(be)pollutedinmyhometown.Apairof,akindof,apieceof作主语，谓语用单数5、Pairsof,kindsof作主语，谓语用复数。例：Apairofglassesislyingonthetable.Twopairsofarelyingonthetable.6、clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves…只有复数形式，它们作主语，谓语用复数。例：Myshoesareblack.7、不定式或-ing形式作主语，谓语用单数形式。例：Readingis(be)learning.读书就是学习Toseeis(be)believe.眼见为实二、意义一致原则（谓语动词用单数还是复数，要看主语所表达的概念）1、由and连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指同一人（即and后无冠词），谓语用单数形式。例：Theteacherandwriteris(be)comingtogiveusatalknextweek.那位老师兼作家下周要给我们作报告。2、表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词、词组作主语，一般看作(一个整体，谓语用单数。例：Threeyearsis(be)alongtime.3、oneandahalf的后面要接复数名词，作主语时谓语动词要用单数。例：Oneandahalfcakesis(be)agoodmealforthemonkey.三、就近原则Therebe…1、句型中，be动词与最近的主语在数上保持一致。Herebe…例：Thereis(be)anappleandthreebananasinmybag.Hereare(be)somecakesandwater,youcantakethem.Notonly…butalso…不但…而且…2、Either…or…或者…或者…（谓语用就近原则）Neither…nor…既不…也不…NeitherhersistersnorMaryis(be)goingtothepartytomorrow.（近主语）练习：()1.Whatdoesyoursisterlikedoinginhersparetime?ShewatchingTV.A.likesB.likedC.haslikedD.hadliked()2.BesuretoletTomknowthenoticeassoonashe.A.willarriveB.wasarrivingC.arrivesD.arrived()3.David,thereadictionaryandsomebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.Ok,Mum.I’lldoitrightaway.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()4.Ifyoucarefully,youthereportwell.A.willlisten,willbeunderstoodB.willlisten,understandC.listen,willunderstandD.listen,understand()5.Sheasananimaltrainersince2003.A.hasworkedB.worksC.willworkD.haveworked()6.youyourdrawing?Notyet!Itwillbedoneinafewminutes.A.Did,finishB.Will,finishC.Do,finishD.Have,finished()7.Ifyouwanttogotoseethemoviethisevening,soI.A.doB.amC.willD.should()8.MybrotherandIwillgotothelibrarytomorrow..Shallwegotogether?A.SoIdoB.SodoIC.SowillID.SoIwill()9.He,togetherwithhisparentsgoingtovisitShanghaiinJuly.Howaboutyou?I’mafraidIhavetostayathome.A.are,onmyownB.is,bymyselfC.is,bymyownD.are,onmyself()10.TherearemillionsofwebsitesontheInternetandtherealotofusefulonthewebsites.A.are,informationB.are,informationC.is,informationD.is,informations()11.DoyoulikeyournewT-shirt?Yes.NotonlyIbutalsomymotherit.A.likesB.likeC.doesn’tlikeD.liked()12.Thereasheepandtwocowsonthefarmeatinggrass.A.areB.isC.haveD.has()13.Manytreesalreadybecauseanewhospitalwillbebuiltheresoon.A.hascutdownB.hasbeencutdownC.cutdownD.havebeencutdown()14.Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?EitherOK,butIprefercoffeemilk.A.is,withB.is,toC.are,withD.are,to()15.Thenewsveryinteresting!Tellmemore!A.isB.areC.wereD.was()16.IhearYangYanmadeanEnglishspeechathegraduationceremonyyesterday.,and.A.Soshedid,sodidIB.Sodidshe,soIdidC.Soshewas,soIwasD.Sowasshe,soIwas()17.Hello,Mike.Longtimenosee.Whereareyou?Oh,notonlymyfatherbutalsoIWuhanforamonth.A.havegonetoB.havebeentoC.hasbeeninD.havebeenin()18.IhearonethirdofthebooksinWuhuLibrarynew.Let’sborrowsome.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()19.abigpartyinourschoolintwoweeks.A.ItisB.ItwillbeC.TherewasD.Thereisgoingtobe()20.Davidhasbeenawayformorethan25days.Imisshimverymuch.Youknow,25daysshort.A.isB.isn’tC.areD.aren’t()21.Climbinghillsofgreathelptoourhealth.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are()22.Inourschoollibrary,thereanumberofbooksonscienceandthenumberofthemgrowinglargerandlarger.A.is,areB.are,isC.have,isD.is,have()23.Thisnewpairofsocksnice.A.areB.looksC.lookD.am()24.EveryoneexceptTomintheclassroomwhentheclassbegan.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are()25.Thesingerandwritercomingthiswaynow.A.isB.areC.hasD.have()26.Twelvepercentoftheworkersherewomen.A.isB.areC.beenD.were()27.Alotofwaterpollutedandwon’tbedrunk.A.areB.hasbeenC.isD.havebeen()28.OneofmyfriendsAmericaandworksthere.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.havebeentoD.havegoneto()29.NobodybutMarythesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown()30.Theshoesmine.Thispairofshoesmybrother’sA.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.are,is()31.TheyeachbeentoAustralia,buteachofusonlybeentoShanghai.A.have,haveB.has,hasC.has,haveD.have,has()32.Thirtymileslikealongwalktotheoldpeople.A.seemB.areC.wereD.seems()33.T