新职业英语1-Unit-5-Trade课件

Unit5ENGLISHFORCAREERS职业综合英语1新职业英语Unit5TradeUnit5ENGLISHFORCAREERS职业综合英Warm-1Task1

Workinpairs.DiscusswithyourpartnerandmatchslogansA-Hwithpictures1-8.()A.Shiftthefuture.()B.ThinkDifferent.()

C.Justdoit.()

D.Ideasforlife！()E.Goodtothelastdrop! ()F.Let’smakethingsbetter.()G.Enjoymyselfonmyzone.()H.Fresh-upwithSeven-up！71532486Warm-1Task1Workinpairs.DiWarm-2Task2

Workinpairs.Pleasetellwhereyouhaveseenorheardtheaboveslogans.Discusswithyourpartnerandlistthreeplaces.

poster,newspaper,TVcommercial,outdoorsigns,shoppingmall，etc.Warm-2Task2Workinpairs.PlWords&Pcessn.exportv.——fitn.additionaladj.addv.additionn.plantn.工厂v.&n.种植，植物consumern.consumev.consumptionn.Words&Phrasesregardlessadbenefitn.v.benefitfromeconomicadj.economyn.principlen.principaln.校长parativelyadv.legaladj.legallyadv.briefn.adj.短暂的，简短的inclinev.inclinationn.partyn.派对exchangev.&n.交换benefitn.v.benefitfrlikewiseadv.participatev.participationn.participantn.regardlessofbetteroffmakesensespecializeinworkforcebeinclinedtodowin-winsituationlikewiseadv.LL-Task1LanguageLab()1.opportunity()2.export()3.profit()4.exchange()5.participate()6.consumer()7.additional()8.legal()9.party()10.specializeinTask1

Matchthewordsorphrasesontheleftwiththeirmeaningsontheright.

apersonwhobuysandusesgoodsandservicestakepartinconnectedwiththelawgivespecialorparticularattentiontosend(goods)toanothercountryfortradepurposeschance;afavorablemomentoneofthepeopleinvolvedinanargument,agreement,etc.moneygainedbytradebeyondwhatisusual;addedgiveandreceiveinreturnFEHJBAICGDLL-Task1LanguageLab()1.LL-Task2-1LanguageLabTask2

CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsorphrasesfromTask1.Changetheformifnecessary.Thecompanyannouncedatrading________of$2millionfor2008.2.Everyoneintheclassisexpectedto__________inthesediscussions.3.Thepriceincreaseswerepassedonbythefirmtothe.4.Thejudge’ssonhopestoenterthe________profession.5.A(n)__________fitparticipateconsumerslegaladditionalLL-Task2-1LanguageLabTask2LL-Task2-2LanguageLab6.Thetalkswillbeattendedbyall________.7.MayItakethistothankyouallforcoming?8.Firsthepaintingbirdsandlaterinwritingaboutthem.9.ThebatteryIboughtisofthewrongsize—Iwonderiftheshopwill__________it.10.They________wheattoRussiaandimportsilkfromJapan.partiesopportunityspecializedinexchangeexportLL-Task2-2LanguageLab6.TheLL-Task3-1LanguageLabTask3

Completethesentencewithfollowingwordsorphrasesplussomewordsofyourown.alternativeregardlessofsupposebeinclinedtoaccordingto1.Everyonehastherighttolivewherehewantsto,____________thecolorofhisskin.2.I____________tobelievethathewillagreetoourplan.3.IfhewantstogettoBeijingbytonight,hehasno___________buttogobyplane.

regardlessofaminclinedalternativeLL-Task3-1LanguageLabTask3LL-Task3-2LanguageLab4.themanager,therewillbe5.yourfriendsknewhowyou’rebehavinghere,

Accordingtowhatwouldtheythink

?Supposeameetingnextweek.LL-Task3-2LanguageLab4.TextA-1

InternationalTrade

Every

timewewalkintoastore,

restaurant,theateroranyotherplaceof

businesstobuysomething,wetrade.Basically,

internationaltradedoesnotdifferfrom

tradewithotherpeopleinourcountry./The

keytounderstandingtradeistoremember

whyittakesplace.Thereasonpeopletrade,

regardlessofwheretheylive,isthatthey

believetheywillbebetteroffbytrading.

Whenweconsiderthealternative—eachofus

producingeverythingforourselves—trade

simplymakesmoresense.ReadingATextA-1InternationalTradeReTextA-2

Theprocessofimportingandexporting

createsagreatervarietyofgoodsandservices

becauseitpermitscountriestospecializeinwhattheydobest.Byspecializinginthegoods

itcanproducemostefficiently,acountrycan

increaseproductionandhavetheopportunity

tomakemoresalesandprofits.Profitscan

turnintoincreasedwagesforthework

forceandadditionalinvestmentinplants

andequipment.Theprocessalsoprovides

consumerswithmoregoodsatlowerprices.ReadingATextA-2TheprocessofiTextA-3

Thebenefitsoftradecanbeexplained

usingtheeconomicprinciplesofabsoluteand

comparativeadvantage.Forexample,suppose

therearealawyerandalegalassistant.Ifit

takesthelawyerlesstimetopreparebriefs

ortotypelettersthanitdoestheassistant,

ineconomiclanguage,thelawyerhasan

“absoluteadvantage”bothinpreparinglegal

briefsandintypingletters.Ifwestoppedhere,

wemightbeinclinedtosaythatthelawyer

shouldproduceboth,becausethelawyeris

betteratboth.ReadingATextA-3ThebenefitsofTextA-4

Accordingtocomparativeadvantage,

thelawyershouldspecializeinhisorher

strongestskill—thelaw,andthelegal

assistant—typingletters.Iftheydo,they

actuallywillproducemorethanifeach

ofthemhadtriedtodobothtasksalone.

Specializinginwhattheydobestandthen

tradingtheirproductsfortheotherthings

theyneedwillmakebothpartiesbetteroff.ReadingATextA-4AccordingtocoTextA-5

Throughinternationaltrade,countries

exchangegoodstheyproducemostefficiently

forgoodsothercountriesproducemost

efficiently.Themore

consumersthereare

inthemarket,thegreatertheabilityof

eachcountrytospecializeinwhatitdoes

best./Itisimportanttonotethatboththe

lawyerandthelegalassistantwouldbenefit

fromspecializationandtrade.Likewise,

internationaltradeisawin-winsituationfor

allcountriesthatparticipate.ReadingATextA-5ThroughinternaA-Trans-1ReadingA国际贸易

每当我们走进商店、餐馆、剧院或者任何别的商业场所进行消费的时候，我们就在进行交易。从根本上说，国际贸易同我们在国内进行的贸易并无差别。/理解贸易的关键是牢记贸易发生的原因。不管是哪里的人，他们进行贸易的理由是因为他们相信通过贸易可以获益。当我们想想另一种选择，即我们每个人都自给自足，那么贸易的意义就更容易理解了。A-Trans-1ReadingA国际贸易A-Trans-2

通过进出口可以创造出更加多样化的商品和服务，因为各个国家都可以专注于自己最有优势的产品。一个国家通过专门生产自己生产效率最高的商品，就能提高产量，就有机会来提高销量，并增加利润。更多的利润则可转化为员工更高的工资和对工厂及设备更多的投资。进出口也会为消费者提供更多廉价的商品。ReadingAA-Trans-2通过进出口可以创造出更加多样A-Trans-3

我们可以用绝对优势和相对优势的经济学原理来解释贸易带来的好处。假设有一名律师和一名法律助理，如果这个律师准备案情摘要或打印信件所花费的时间比法律助理少，那么用经济学术语来说，该律师在准备案情摘要和打印信件方面都拥有“绝对优势”。如果到此为止，我们就有可能会说这个律师两件事都应该做，因为他这两方面都更在行。ReadingAA-Trans-3我们可以用绝对优势和相对A-Trans-4

按照相对优势的原理，该律师应专注于发挥其最强项——打官司，而法律助理则应专注于打印信件。如果各取所长，他们实际的工作效率会比各自都做这两项工作要高。通过专门从事各自最擅长的事情，然后以自己的产品去换取所需，双方均可获益。ReadingAA-Trans-4按照相对优势的原理，该律A-Trans-5

通过国际贸易，不同国家得以用自己最高效生产的产品去换取别国最高效生产的产品。市场上的消费者越多，每个国家专营自己优势产品的能力就越强。/需要着重强调的是，律师和法律助理都会从专业化分工和贸易中获益。同样，国际贸易对所有参与国来说都是一个双赢的局面。ReadingAA-Trans-5通过国际贸易，不同国家得payingnoattentionto不管，不顾ReadingAregardlessofe.g.

Thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall,regardlessofrace,religionorsex.payingnoattentionto不管，不e.g.

Sincemyhusbandwasmadethemanager,wearebetteroff.ReadingAbetteroffinabettersituation,especiallyinfinancialterms境况更好e.g.Sincemyhusbandwasmadee.g.

Isthereanalternativetowhatyoupropose?analternativeto…的第二个选择ReadingAalternativen.somethingyoucanchoosetodooruseinsteadofsomethingelse（两者）择一，抉择e.g.Isthereanalternativete.g.

Readthisandtellmeifitmakessense.ReadingAmakesensetohaveaclearmeaningandbeeasytounderstand有意义e.g.Readthisandtellmeife.g.

Gettingfitagainhasbeenalongslowprocess.ReadingAprocessn.

aseriesofactionsthataredoneinordertoachieveaparticularresult过程，程序e.g.Gettingfitagainhasbeee.g.

FinallyAlicedecidedtospecializeincontractlaw.ReadingAspecialize(in)v.tolimitallormostofyourstudy,business,etc.toaparticularsubjectoractivity专门从事，专攻e.g.FinallyAlicedecidedtoe.g.Thereareawiderchoiceofgoodsforthe

consumersinbigcities.ReadingAconsumern.someonewhobuysandusesproductsandservicese.g.Thereareawiderchoicee.g.

Thisaidprogramwillbringlastingbenefitstotheregion.benefitfrom(v.)eg.Youwillbenefitfromthisproject.ReadingAbenefitn.somethingthatgivesyouadvantagesorimprovesyourlifeinsomewaye.g.Thisaidprogramwillbriadj.unlimited;complete;true,correctandnotchanginginanysituation;notincomparisonwithotherthings绝对的，完全的ReadingAabsolutee.g.

1.

Anabsoluterulerneednotaskanyonefor

permissiontodoanything.2.Achildusuallyhasabsolutetrustinhismother.3.Youhaveanabsoluterighttorefusemedical

treatment.4.Inabsolutetermswageshaverisen,butnotin

comparisonwiththecostofliving.adj.unlimited;complete;truee.g.

Afteralifetimeofpoverty,hislastfewyearswerespentincomparativecomfort.ReadingAcomparativeadj.

measuredorjudgedbycomparing相对的，相比较而言的e.g.Afteralifetimeofpoveradj.connectedwithorinaccordancewiththelawReadingAlegale.g.

Mr.Smithismylegaladvisor.adj.connectedwithorinaccotohaveatendencyorwishtodosomethingReadingAbeinclinedtoe.g.

Iaminclinedtostartatonce.tohaveatendencyorwishton.oneofthepeopleorgroupsinvolvedinanargument,agreement,etc.ReadingApartye.g.

Thetwopartiesarehavingdifficultyagreeing

witheachother.havedifficulty（in）doing做…有困难agreewithsb.同意某人n.oneofthepeopleorgroupsv.togivesomethingtosomeoneandatthesametimereceivethesametypeofthingfromthemReadingAexchangee.g.

Ishookhandsandexchangedafewwordswiththe

manager.n.

anactofgivingsomethingtosomeoneandreceivingsomethingelsefromtheme.g.

WouldyoulikemyoldTVinexchangeforthis

camera?v.togivesomethingtosomeonadv.thesame;inasimilarwayReadingAlikewisee.g.

Nannyputupahatandtoldthegirlstodolikewise.adv.thesame;inasimilarwav.totakepartinorbecomeinvolvedinanactivityReadingAparticipate(in)e.g.

Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipateactivelyinthesediscussions.v.totakepartinorbecomeiA-Task1-1ReadingATask1

Answerthefollowingquestions

accordingtothepassage.1.Whatisthereasonforpeopletotrade?2.Whycanagreatvarietyofgoodsandservicesbecreatedintheprocessofimportingandexporting?Thereasonisthattheybelievetheywillbebetteroffbytrading.Becausecountriesarepermittedtospecializeinwhattheydobestandtheycanincreaseproduction.A-Task1-1ReadingATask1AnswA-Task1-2ReadingA3.Whycanplantsalsobenefitfrom

international

trade?

4.Whatdoescomparativeadvantagereferto?Becausetheprofitsgainedfrominternational

tradecanbeturnedintoadditionalinvestment

inplants.Itreferstoaprinciplethatwhenpeople

specializeinwhattheydobestandthentrade

theirproductsfortheotherthingstheyneed,

theywillallbebetteroff.5.Whowouldbenefitfrominternationaltrade?Allcountriesthatparticipate.A-Task1-2ReadingA3.WhycanA-Task2ReadingATask2

Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage.StatementsTrueFalse1.Tradingoftentakesplaceinourdailylife.2.Acountryhastheopportunitytomakemoreprofitsifitdecreaseswagesfortheworkforceandinvestmentinplantsandequipment.3.Ifacountryspecializesinwhatitproducesbest,itwouldmakefewerprofitsbecauseitlosestheopportunitytosellothergoods.4.Accordingtocomparativeadvantage,peopleshouldspecializeinwhattheydobestandthentradetheirproductsforthethingstheyneed.5.Awin-winsituationmeansthatboththecountryanditsconsumerscanbenefitfrominternationaltrade.TFFTFA-Task2ReadingATask2DecideL-Task1ListeningTask1

RoseWinnisdiscussingpricewithTomGreen.Listentotheconversationandchoosethebestanswertoeachquestionyouhear.Script1.A.Canada.B.America.C.Japan.D.China.2.A.By3%.B.By4%.C.By5%.D.By6%.3.A.Thisistheirfirstcooperation.B.Othersuppliers’offersare15%lower.C.Thewomancangivethemana5%discount.D.Theyfinallysettledthequestionofprice.L-Task1ListeningTask1RoseL-1-ScriptListeningTask1

Script

L-1-ScriptListeningTask1ScrL-Task2-1ListeningTask2

CathyBrownisshowingsomeproductstoRyanBush.Listentotheconversationandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.W:Nicetomeetyou,Mr.Bush.Whatproductsareyouinterestedin?M:I’minterestedinyourcompany’sprinter.CanIhavealookatyourprintersondisplayfirst?W:Sure.Hereareourwhichmayhelpyoumakeagooddecision.M:Couldyougivemesomeideaofyourprices?W:Hereis.M:Letmesee.Er…it’salittleexpensive.Couldyougiveus?catalogsthepricelistaspecialdiscountL-Task2-1ListeningTask2CaL-Task2-2ListeningW:I’msorry.Thisisourlowestpriceandwecan’tgoanyfurther.M:We’llplacealargeorderthistime,ifthepriceismorefavorable.W:Whenyouconsiderthequalityofourproducts,you’llseeourpriceis.M:Well,I’llcallourheadofficeandseewhattheyhavetosay.W:Noproblem.Thankyouforyourenquiry.Ifyouneedanymore,pleasecallme.Thisismycard.M:Thankyou.quitereasonableinformationL-Task2-2ListeningW:I’msorL-Task5-1ListeningTask5

Listentothepassagetwiceandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.

Negotiatingistheprocessbywhichtwoormorepartieswithdifferentneedsandgoalsworktogethertofindamutuallyacceptablesolutiontoanissue.Understandingmoreaboutthenegotiationprocessallowsyoutomanageyournegotiationswithconfidenceanditincreases___________________.Beforethenegotiation,youshould____________clearly:determinewhatyouwantandwhatyourbottomlinewouldbe.setyour

goals

the

chance

of

successL-Task5-1ListeningTask5LisL-Task5-2Listening

Duringthenegotiation,startbytalkingaboutsomethingwithwhichnoonecoulddisagree.Youcanrecite__________thattheotherpartywillsayyesto.Givethemachancetotellyouwhattheywant.Theymayhaveanoffermorefavorablethanyouexpected.Ifyoudisagreewithsomething,stateyourdisagreementina________________way.Don’tquarrelwiththeotherpartyorgetintoastruggle.Remembernegotiationdoesinvolvecompromise.Unlessyoucangettheotherpartytowantexactlywhatyouwant,youwillhavetocompromise.Butyoudon’thavetocompromiseyourprinciples.Negotiatingisacomplexprocessbutone________________.Ifyoufollowthetipsabove,youwillfindtheprocesseasier.basicfactsgentlebutfirmworthmasteringL-Task5-2ListeningDuTask2

YouworkinQualityControlDepartment.Youdiscoveredthat somethinghasgonewrongwithamachineinaroutinetest. WriteamemotoMr.RickSmith,QualityControlManager,to reportthismatterandofferasuggestionforathoroughcheck ofthewholeproductionline.W-Task2WritingSample

MemoTO:Mr.RickSmith,QualityControlManagerFROM:MorganDraperDATE:March18,2008SUBJECT:MachineProblemIntheroutinetestyesterday,Idiscoveredsomeseriousproblemswithamachineontheproductionline,whichmaygreatlyaffectthequalityofnewproducts.Inordertoensurethequalityofthenewproducts,Isuggestathoroughcheckofthewholeproductionline.I’mwaitingforyourpermission.

Task2YouworkinQualityConLL-Task5-1LanguageLabTask5

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglishusingthegivenwordsorphrases.

1.他们的境况比我们的好。(betteroff)

They’rebetteroffthanweare.2.为那件事哭泣没有意义。(makesense)

Cryingforthatmatterdoesnotmakeanysense./Cryingfor

thatmattermakesnosense.3.据说游泳对身体健康有极大好处。(benefit)Itissaidthatswimmingbringsgreatbenefittoourhealth.4.他认为自己的想法是绝对的真理。(absolute)

Hebelievedhisideatobeabsolutetruth.LL-Task5-1LanguageLabTask5LL-Task5-2LanguageLab5.老师不太相信乔治的借口。(beinclinedto)

Theteacherwasn’tinclinedtobelieveGeorge’sexcuse.6.我方何时能收到你方的确认函？(confirmation)

Whencanwereceiveyourletterofconfirmation?7.如果你能接受合同中的条款，请在此签名。(termsandconditions)

Ifyoucanacceptthetermsandconditionsofthecontract,

pleasesignyournamehere.8.根据你方要求，现寄上衬衫样品。(in

accordancewith)

Inaccordancewithyourrequest,wearesendingyoutheshirtsamples.LL-Task5-2LanguageLab5.老师不太Thankyou!ENGLISHFORCAREERS职业综合英语1新职业英语ThankYou!Thankyou!ENGLISHFORCAREERS职Unit5ENGLISHFORCAREERS职业综合英语1新职业英语Unit5TradeUnit5ENGLISHFORCAREERS职业综合英Warm-1Task1

Workinpairs.DiscusswithyourpartnerandmatchslogansA-Hwithpictures1-8.()A.Shiftthefuture.()B.ThinkDifferent.()

C.Justdoit.()

D.Ideasforlife！()E.Goodtothelastdrop! ()F.Let’smakethingsbetter.()G.Enjoymyselfonmyzone.()H.Fresh-upwithSeven-up！71532486Warm-1Task1Workinpairs.DiWarm-2Task2

Workinpairs.Pleasetellwhereyouhaveseenorheardtheaboveslogans.Discusswithyourpartnerandlistthreeplaces.

poster,newspaper,TVcommercial,outdoorsigns,shoppingmall，etc.Warm-2Task2Workinpairs.PlWords&Pcessn.exportv.——fitn.additionaladj.addv.additionn.plantn.工厂v.&n.种植，植物consumern.consumev.consumptionn.Words&Phrasesregardlessadbenefitn.v.benefitfromeconomicadj.economyn.principlen.principaln.校长parativelyadv.legaladj.legallyadv.briefn.adj.短暂的，简短的inclinev.inclinationn.partyn.派对exchangev.&n.交换benefitn.v.benefitfrlikewiseadv.participatev.participationn.participantn.regardlessofbetteroffmakesensespecializeinworkforcebeinclinedtodowin-winsituationlikewiseadv.LL-Task1LanguageLab()1.opportunity()2.export()3.profit()4.exchange()5.participate()6.consumer()7.additional()8.legal()9.party()10.specializeinTask1

Matchthewordsorphrasesontheleftwiththeirmeaningsontheright.

apersonwhobuysandusesgoodsandservicestakepartinconnectedwiththelawgivespecialorparticularattentiontosend(goods)toanothercountryfortradepurposeschance;afavorablemomentoneofthepeopleinvolvedinanargument,agreement,etc.moneygainedbytradebeyondwhatisusual;addedgiveandreceiveinreturnFEHJBAICGDLL-Task1LanguageLab()1.LL-Task2-1LanguageLabTask2

CompletethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsorphrasesfromTask1.Changetheformifnecessary.Thecompanyannouncedatrading________of$2millionfor2008.2.Everyoneintheclassisexpectedto__________inthesediscussions.3.Thepriceincreaseswerepassedonbythefirmtothe.4.Thejudge’ssonhopestoenterthe________profession.5.A(n)__________fitparticipateconsumerslegaladditionalLL-Task2-1LanguageLabTask2LL-Task2-2LanguageLab6.Thetalkswillbeattendedbyall________.7.MayItakethistothankyouallforcoming?8.Firsthepaintingbirdsandlaterinwritingaboutthem.9.ThebatteryIboughtisofthewrongsize—Iwonderiftheshopwill__________it.10.They________wheattoRussiaandimportsilkfromJapan.partiesopportunityspecializedinexchangeexportLL-Task2-2LanguageLab6.TheLL-Task3-1LanguageLabTask3

Completethesentencewithfollowingwordsorphrasesplussomewordsofyourown.alternativeregardlessofsupposebeinclinedtoaccordingto1.Everyonehastherighttolivewherehewantsto,____________thecolorofhisskin.2.I____________tobelievethathewillagreetoourplan.3.IfhewantstogettoBeijingbytonight,hehasno___________buttogobyplane.

regardlessofaminclinedalternativeLL-Task3-1LanguageLabTask3LL-Task3-2LanguageLab4.themanager,therewillbe5.yourfriendsknewhowyou’rebehavinghere,

Accordingtowhatwouldtheythink

?Supposeameetingnextweek.LL-Task3-2LanguageLab4.TextA-1

InternationalTrade

Every

timewewalkintoastore,

restaurant,theateroranyotherplaceof

businesstobuysomething,wetrade.Basically,

internationaltradedoesnotdifferfrom

tradewithotherpeopleinourcountry./The

keytounderstandingtradeistoremember

whyittakesplace.Thereasonpeopletrade,

regardlessofwheretheylive,isthatthey

believetheywillbebetteroffbytrading.

Whenweconsiderthealternative—eachofus

producingeverythingforourselves—trade

simplymakesmoresense.ReadingATextA-1InternationalTradeReTextA-2

Theprocessofimportingandexporting

createsagreatervarietyofgoodsandservices

becauseitpermitscountriestospecializeinwhattheydobest.Byspecializinginthegoods

itcanproducemostefficiently,acountrycan

increaseproductionandhavetheopportunity

tomakemoresalesandprofits.Profitscan

turnintoincreasedwagesforthework

forceandadditionalinvestmentinplants

andequipment.Theprocessalsoprovides

consumerswithmoregoodsatlowerprices.ReadingATextA-2TheprocessofiTextA-3

Thebenefitsoftradecanbeexplained

usingtheeconomicprinciplesofabsoluteand

comparativeadvantage.Forexample,suppose

therearealawyerandalegalassistant.Ifit

takesthelawyerlesstimetopreparebriefs

ortotypelettersthanitdoestheassistant,

ineconomiclanguage,thelawyerhasan

“absoluteadvantage”bothinpreparinglegal

briefsandintypingletters.Ifwestoppedhere,

wemightbeinclinedtosaythatthelawyer

shouldproduceboth,becausethelawyeris

betteratboth.ReadingATextA-3ThebenefitsofTextA-4

Accordingtocomparativeadvantage,

thelawyershouldspecializeinhisorher

strongestskill—thelaw,andthelegal

assistant—typingletters.Iftheydo,they

actuallywillproducemorethanifeach

ofthemhadtriedtodobothtasksalone.

Specializinginwhattheydobestandthen

tradingtheirproductsfortheotherthings

theyneedwillmakebothpartiesbetteroff.ReadingATextA-4AccordingtocoTextA-5

Throughinternationaltrade,countries

exchangegoodstheyproducemostefficiently

forgoodsothercountriesproducemost

efficiently.Themore

consumersthereare

inthemarket,thegreatertheabilityof

eachcountrytospecializeinwhatitdoes

best./Itisimportanttonotethatboththe

lawyerandthelegalassistantwouldbenefit

fromspecializationandtrade.Likewise,

internationaltradeisawin-winsituationfor

allcountriesthatparticipate.ReadingATextA-5ThroughinternaA-Trans-1ReadingA国际贸易

每当我们走进商店、餐馆、剧院或者任何别的商业场所进行消费的时候，我们就在进行交易。从根本上说，国际贸易同我们在国内进行的贸易并无差别。/理解贸易的关键是牢记贸易发生的原因。不管是哪里的人，他们进行贸易的理由是因为他们相信通过贸易可以获益。当我们想想另一种选择，即我们每个人都自给自足，那么贸易的意义就更容易理解了。A-Trans-1ReadingA国际贸易A-Trans-2

通过进出口可以创造出更加多样化的商品和服务，因为各个国家都可以专注于自己最有优势的产品。一个国家通过专门生产自己生产效率最高的商品，就能提高产量，就有机会来提高销量，并增加利润。更多的利润则可转化为员工更高的工资和对工厂及设备更多的投资。进出口也会为消费者提供更多廉价的商品。ReadingAA-Trans-2通过进出口可以创造出更加多样A-Trans-3

我们可以用绝对优势和相对优势的经济学原理来解释贸易带来的好处。假设有一名律师和一名法律助理，如果这个律师准备案情摘要或打印信件所花费的时间比法律助理少，那么用经济学术语来说，该律师在准备案情摘要和打印信件方面都拥有“绝对优势”。如果到此为止，我们就有可能会说这个律师两件事都应该做，因为他这两方面都更在行。ReadingAA-Trans-3我们可以用绝对优势和相对A-Trans-4

按照相对优势的原理，该律师应专注于发挥其最强项——打官司，而法律助理则应专注于打印信件。如果各取所长，他们实际的工作效率会比各自都做这两项工作要高。通过专门从事各自最擅长的事情，然后以自己的产品去换取所需，双方均可获益。ReadingAA-Trans-4按照相对优势的原理，该律A-Trans-5

通过国际贸易，不同国家得以用自己最高效生产的产品去换取别国最高效生产的产品。市场上的消费者越多，每个国家专营自己优势产品的能力就越强。/需要着重强调的是，律师和法律助理都会从专业化分工和贸易中获益。同样，国际贸易对所有参与国来说都是一个双赢的局面。ReadingAA-Trans-5通过国际贸易，不同国家得payingnoattentionto不管，不顾ReadingAregardlessofe.g.

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