考研考博-英语-宝鸡三和职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宝鸡三和职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

ThefunnylookingmanwhomthegirlmetonthestreetofPrinstonwas（）AlbertEinstein.

问题1选项

A.nonebut

B.noneotherbut

C.nootherbut

D.nobodybut

【答案】B

【解析】【试题答案】B

【试题解析】noneotherbut表示“不是别人，正是……”，与noneotherthan意思相同；nonebut意为“只有”“除了……外都没有”；nobodybut语义上不通，应为nobodyelsebut；没有nootherbut这一用法。

2.单选题

The（）forspeedingisafineofonehundredandfiftydollars.

问题1选项

A.penalty

B.benefit

C.criticism

D.remedy

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项penalty“罚款，罚金”；B选项benefit“利益，好处”；C选项criticism“批评，考证”；D选项remedy“补救，疗法补救”。句意：超速的惩罚是罚款150美元。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

3.单选题

Unlesstheannouncedsalecouldbeexplainedtothepublicongroundsotherthananticipatedfuturelosses,thevalueofthestockwouldplummetand,liketheold-timecapitalists,majorinvestorscouldcuttheirlossesonlybyhelpingtorestoretheircompanies’productivity.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.maximize

C.restore

D.plunge

【答案】D

【解析】句意：除非宣布的出售能够以预期未来亏损以外的理由向公众解释，否则该公司股票的价值将……，而且与过去的资本家一样，主要投资者只有帮助恢复公司的生产率，才能减少亏损。A选项enhance“提高；加强”；B选项maximize“最大化”；C选项restore“恢复”；D选项plunge“骤降”。联系句意与选项可知D选项符合题意。

4.填空题

WhenIwasinprimaryschool,（1）teacherwasfemale(thisincluded

（2）theoneswhocoachedourfootball),butstartinginmyseventhyearofschoolIhadoccasional（3）instructorstoo.

【答案】1.every

2.even

3.male

【解析】1.语义题。Every每一个。

2.逻辑衔接。此句表示让步,因此用even。

3.语义题。Male男性的。

5.单选题

ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthe（）fromfalltowinter.

问题1选项

A.transmission

B.transformation

C.transition

D.transfer

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项transmission“传动装置；传送；播送”；B选项transformation“转化；转换；改革；变形”；C选项transition“过渡；转变”；D选项transfer“转让；转移；传递；过户”。句意：虽然我对于变化的季节有很多喜欢的地方，但是我最喜欢的时间是从秋天到冬天的过渡。由句意可知C选项正确。

6.单选题

Thisleadsrecordcompaniestotreatmusiciansascontractedartistswhoarenotpaidafixedsumfortheirlabor-time,butinsteadreceiveroyaltiesin（

）totheirsuccess.

问题1选项

A.addition

B.relation

C.percentage

D.proportion

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：这导致唱片公司把音乐家当成签约艺术家，他们无法获得固定的工资，但是当他们成功后可以获得一定比例的版税。inproportionto“与某事物成比例”，因此选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

26-30

问题1选项

A.Helplessnessandworthlessness.

B.Feelinglikealoser.

C.Suicidalfeeling.

D.Alloftheabove.

问题2选项

A.Itencouragesthepatienttobeatopstudentatschool.

B.Itmotivatesthepatienttoworkbetterthanothers.

C.Itmakesiteasyforthepatienttomakefriends.

D.Ithelpsthepatientholdapositiveattitude.

问题3选项

A.Byencouragingthepatienttodotheoppositeatschool.

B.Byurgingthepatienttofaceanychallengeinreality.

C.Bymakingthepatientawareofhisorherexistence.

D.Bychangingthepatient’sperspective.

问题4选项

A.Thosewhostoptakingantidepressants.

B.Thosewhoaskformoremedications.

C.Thosewhoareonthemedications.

D.Thosewhoabusethemedications.

问题5选项

A.Anxiousness.

B.Nausea.

C.Fever.

D.Insomnia.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】“Mostpeoplethinkwhentheyaredepressed,itjustmeansyoufeelsad”,saysDoctorR,apsychiatristwithCornelluniversitymedicalcollege.Infact,theso-callcommonestsymptomsofdepressionareprobablythemostpainfulforalotofpeoplewhichareafeelingthatyouareuseless,worthless,unlovable,nogoodorloser.(26)Acommonestsymptomandamostextremesymptom,ofcourse,isasuicidalfeelingwhereyoufeelsohopelessthatyoudon’tbelieveanythingwillgetbetterandyouarebetteroff.

Combinedtherapychallengesthatkindofthinking.Forexample,say,youareadepressedteen,someoneatschoolsayssomethingcredible,typicallythatmightleadyoutothinkyouareacompletelyloser.(27)(28)Doctor

Fsaysthe

Combinedtherapyhelppatientsseeallthetimetheyhavebeensuccessful,bothatschoolandwithfriends.Itiscompletelytheoppositeofhowyoufeel.Soyouchallengethemwithreality.Andthenyoucorrecttheirdysfunctionalreleaseandthatwillactuallychangethewaytheyfeel,Fsays.It’sasortofpersonalrealitycheckthatwillconnectexperienceincontext.(29)Oncethecombinationofmedicationandtherapywork,patientmaydecidetostoptakinganti-depressants.Buttheyshoulddosowithcautionbecausetheymayexperiencesideeffect.Theycangetreboundkindofsymptoms.(30)Itcangrowthingslikefeelinganxious,orhavinginsomnia,verydizzyandhavingNausea.

26.Whatisthemostseriousfeelingforpeoplewhoaredepressed?

【解析】根据录音可知，很多抑郁症的人会觉得自己无用、没有价值、爰无能或者有失败的感觉。但是，最严重的一种感觉是想自杀的感觉。故C为正确选项。

27.Fromwhichanglecanthecombinedtherapyhelp?

【解析】通过录音可知，这个疗法能使得抑郁症患者觉得自己很成功，由此推理可知，该疗法是通过让病人持有积极的态度来进行治疗的。故本题选D。

28.Howcanpeopleindepressionbechangedafterthetreatment?

【解析】通过上文的解析可知，D为正确答案。

29.Whoaremorelikelytosufferfromsomesideeffects?

【解析】通过录音可知，一旦药物治疗和心理治疗起作用了，病人就可以停止服用镇静药物，但极有可能遭受一些副作用（sideeffect）。因此本题答案为A。

30.Whichofthefollowingisnottheside-effectsofstoppingmedicine?

【解析】从录音中可知，停药后的副作用可以是焦虑（anxiousness）、呕吐（nausea）、失眠（insomnia），但并未提及发烧（fever），因此本题答案为C。

8.单选题

HelenKeller'sworkgavecomfortandencouragementtootherhandicappedpeoplewho（）mighthaveledahopelesslife.

问题1选项

A.therefore

B.thus

C.or

D.otherwise

【答案】D

【解析】考查逻辑关系。句意：海伦•凯勒的工作是给其他残疾人以安慰和鼓励,否则他们可能会过着绝望的生活。前后构成转折关系,选项D正确。

9.单选题

Humansare______,which

enablesthemtomakedecisionsevenwhentheycan’t

justify

why.

问题1选项

A.rational

B.reasonable

C.hesitant

D.intuitive

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。rational“合理的；理智的”；reasonable“公道的，通情达理的”；hesitant“迟疑的，犹豫不定的”；intuitive“直觉的，凭直觉获知的”。句意：人类是有直觉的，这让他们在找不到合适的理由时也能做决定。因此选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Wewereallannoyedbythetwogirlswhotalkedincessantlyduringthelecture.

问题1选项

A.rudely

B.endlessly

C.loudly

D.noisily

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项rudely“无礼地”；B选项endlessly“不断地”；C选项loudly“大声地”；D选项noisily“吵闹地”。句意：讲座过程中，两个女生在滔滔不绝地讲话，我们都很烦。划线部分incessantly是不停地意思。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Itishardfortheyoungpeopletoimaginewhatsevereconditionstheirparentsoncelivedunder.

问题1选项

A.sincere

B.hard

C.strict

D.tight

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sincere“真诚的”；B选项hard“艰难的”；C选项strict“严格的”；D选项tight“紧的，密封的”。句意：年轻人很难想象他们的父母曾经生活在多么艰苦的条件下。B选项与划线词词义最接近，因此B选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Ifprofitandmoneyareyourfirst（）,andcommitmenttopeopleyourleastconcern,youhavefailededucation.

问题1选项

A.potentiality

B.priority

C.superiority

D.responsibility

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果利润和金钱是你首先考虑的事情，对人的义务是你最不关心的，那你的教育就失败了。

考查名词辨析。potentiality潜能;可能性;priority优先考虑的事;优先权;superiority优越;优势;responsibility责任;职责;义务。根据句中first(首先)以及后面的yourleastconcern(你最不关心的事情)可知B项正确。

13.单选题

Yourblunttreatmentofdisputeswouldputotherpeopleinanegativeframeof（

）,withtheresultthattheywouldnotbeabletoacceptyourproposal.

问题1选项

A.mind

B.idea

C.intention

D.wish

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你对争论的处理方式会让其他人心情糟糕，结果就是他们不会接受你的提议。mind“理智；精神”；idea“想法”；intention“意图，目的”；wish“希望，愿望”。

14.单选题

Whereonestageofchilddevelopmenthasbeenleftout,ornotsufficientlyexperienced,thechildmayhavetogobackandcapturetheexperienceofit.Agoodhomemakesthispossible,forexample,providingtheopportunityforthechildtoplaywithaclockworkcarortoyrailwaytrain,uptoanyagehestillneedstodoso.Thisprinciple,infact,underliesallpsychologicaltreatmentofchildrenindifficultieswiththeirdevelopment,andisthebasisofworkinchildclinics.

Thebeginningsofdisciplineareinthenursery.Eventheyoungestbabyistaughtbygradualstagestowaitforfood,tosleepandwakeatregularintervalsandsoon.Ifthechildfeelstheworldaroundhimisawarmandfriendlyoneheslowlyacceptsitsrhythmandaccustomshimselftoconformingtoitsdemands.Learningtowaitforthings,particularlyforfood,isaveryimportantelementinupbringing,andisachievedsuccessfullyonlyiftoogreatdemandsarenotmadebeforethechildcanunderstandthem.

Everyparentwatcheseagerlythechild'sacquisitionofeachnewskill-thefirstspokenwords,thefirstindependentsteps,orthebeginningofreadingandwriting.Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingoffailureandstatesofanxietyinthechild.Thismighthappenatanystage.Ababymightbeforcedtouseatoilettooearly;ayoungchildmightbeencouragedtolearntoreadbeforeheknowsthemeaningofthewordshereads.Ontheotherhand,though,ifachildisleftalonetoomuch,orwithoutanylearningopportunities,heloseshisnaturalzestforlifeandhisdesiretofindoutnewthingsforhimself.

Learningtogetherisafruitsourceofrelationshipbetweenchildrenandparents.Byplayingtogether,parentslearnmoreabouttheirchildrenandchildrenlearnmorefromtheirparents.Toysandgameswhichbothparentsandchildrencanshareareanimportantmeansofachievingthiscooperation.Building-blocktoys,jigsawpuzzlesandcrosswordaregoodexamples.

Parentsvarygreatlyintheirdegreeofstrictnessorindulgencetowardstheirchildren.Somemaybeespeciallystrictinmoneymattersothersaresevereovertimesofcominghomeatnight,punctualityformealsorpersonalcleanliness.Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild’sownhappinessandwellbeing.

1.Theprincipleunderlyingalltreatmentofdevelopmentaldifficultiesinchildren（）.

2.Thechildinthenursery（）.

3.Theencouragementofchildrentoachieve-newskills（）.

4.Jigsawpuzzlesare（）.

5.Parentalcontrolsanddiscipline（）.

问题1选项

A.istosendthemtoclinics

B.offersrecaptureofearlierexperiences

C.isintheprovisionofclockworktoysandtrains

D.istocapturethembeforetheyaresufficientlyexperienced

问题2选项

A.quicklylearnstowaitforfood

B.doesn'tinitiallysleepandwakeatregularintervals

C.alwaysacceptstherhythmoftheworldaroundthem

D.alwaysfeelstheworldaroundhimiswarmandfriendly

问题3选项

A.canneverbetakentoofar

B.shouldbelefttoschoolteachers

C.willalwaysassisttheirdevelopment

D.shouldbebalancedbetweentwoextremes

问题4选项

A.toodifficultforchildren

B.akindofbuilding-blocktoy

C.notveryentertainingforadults

D.suitableexercisesforparent-childcooperation

问题5选项

A.serveadualpurpose

B.shouldbeavoidedasmuchaspossible

C.reflectthevaluesofthecommunity

D.aredesignedtopromotethechild’s

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段Whereonestageofchilddevelopmenthasbeenleftout,ornotsufficientlyexperienced,thechildmayhavetogobackandcapturetheexperienceofit.Agoodhomemakesthispossible,forexample,providingtheopportunityforthechildtoplaywithaclockworkcarortoyrailwaytrain,uptoanyagehestillneedstodoso.Thisprinciple,infact,underliesallpsychologicaltreatmentofchildrenindifficultieswiththeirdevelopment,andisthebasisofworkinchildclinics.如果儿童发展的一个阶段被遗漏，或者没有足够的经验，儿童可能必须回去捕捉它的经验。一个好的家庭使这成为可能，例如，提供机会，让孩子玩发条车或玩具火车，直到任何年龄，他仍然需要这样做。事实上，这一原则是对发育有困难的儿童进行所有心理治疗的基础，也是儿童诊所工作的基础。可知B项“对早期经验的再现”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段Thebeginningsofdisciplineareinthenursery.Eventheyoungestbabyistaughtbygradualstagestowaitforfood,tosleepandwakeatregularintervalsandsoon.纪律是从托儿所开始的。甚至最小的婴儿被逐步教导等食物,有规律地睡眠和醒来等等。可知B项“托儿所的孩子一开始并不是有规律地睡觉和醒来”正确。

3.判断推理题。由第三段Itisoftentemptingtohurrythechildbeyondhisnaturallearningrate,butthiscansetupdangerousfeelingoffailureandstatesofanxietyinthechild.催促孩子超过他的自然学习速度通常是诱人的，但这会在孩子身上建立起失败的危险感觉和焦虑状态。可知揠苗助长会到导致孩子产生两种极端情况，故应在两种极端方式之间采取保持平衡。

4.细节事实题。Toysandgameswhichbothparentsandchildrencanshareareanimportantmeansofachievingthiscooperation.Building-blocktoys,jigsawpuzzlesandcrosswordaregoodexamples.父母和孩子都能分享的玩具和游戏是实现这种合作的重要手段。积木玩具、拼图和填字游戏都是很好的例子。由此可知拼图游戏适合建立父母与孩子之间的合作关系。故D项正确。

5.细节事实题。由末段Ingeneral,thecontrolsimposedrepresenttheneedsoftheparentsandthevaluesofthecommunityasmuchasthechild'sownhappinessandwellbeing.一般来说，施加控制代表父母的需要和社区的价值，以及儿童本身的幸福和福祉。据此可知纪律和施加控制由双重目的。故A项正确。

15.单选题

Ourneighborshangtheirchildren'sframeddiplomasin（）placesonthewallofthesettingroom.

问题1选项

A.brilliant

B.respective

C.conspicuous

D.remarkable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项brilliant表示“绝妙的；杰出的；聪颖的；明亮的”，B选项respective表示“分别的，各自的”，C选项conspicuous表示“显著的，显而易见的”，D选项remarkable表示“非凡的；卓越的；值得注意的”。由句意可知，我们邻居把他们孩子的文凭框挂在客厅墙上显眼的地方。因此，C选项conspicuous符合语境，故本题正确答案为C选项。

16.填空题

Atheoryofteninvolvesanimaginarymodelthathelpsscientistspicturethewayanobservedeventcouldbeproduced.Agoodexampleofthisisfoundinthekineticmoleculartheory,inwhichgasesarepicturedlikebeingmadeupofmany

A

B

C

D

smallparticlesthatareinconstantmotion.

【答案】Dlike改为as

【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】picturesth.assth.意思为“把……设想成……”，此题用的是被动语态，即gasesarepicturedas。

【句意】理论通常包含假设的模型，以帮助科学家描绘观察到的事件产生的方式。分子运动理论就是一个很好的例子。在这个理论中，气体被设想成由许多不断运动的小颗粒组成。

17.单选题

Doingresearchwillbemucheasierifyouhavesomeonetobounceideasoffandtogiveyou（

）intheentireprocess.

问题1选项

A.reward

B.insurance

C.interest

D.feedback

【答案】D

【解析】考察名词词义辨析。reward“报酬，奖金”；insurance“保险”；interest“兴趣”；feedback“反馈”。句意：如果你有个人可以拿出主意并且整个过程都给你反馈意见，那么，做研究要容易很多。选项D符合题意。

18.单选题

Formanypatients,institutionalcareisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.

问题1选项

A.pertinent

B.appropriate

C.acute

D.persistent

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项pertinent“相关的，相干的”，B项appropriate“适当的，恰当的”，C项acute“严重的，急性的”，D项persistent“固执的，坚持的”。根据句子意思“对许多病人来说，机构护理是……和最有益的护理形式”可知，空格处填入B项符合语境。句意：对许多病人来说，机构护理是最合适和最有益的护理形式。因此，该题选择B项正确。

19.翻译题

1.WashingtonIrvinggraspedthisfactnearlyahundredyearsagowhenhewrote:"ThestrangerwhowouldformacorrectopinionofEnglishcharactermustgoforthintothecountry.Hemustsojourninvillagesandhamlets;hemustvisitcastles,villas,farmhouses,cottages;hemustwanderthroughparksandgardens,alonghedgesandgreenlanes;hemustloiteraboutcountrychurches,attendwakesandfairsandotherruralfestivals,andcopewiththepeopleinalltheirconditionsandalltheirhabitsandhumors.''

2.Theimpactofdecentralizationtrends,ofcourse,extendswellbeyondcities.SprawlingdevelopmentpatternsaredestabilizingmanyofthesuburbsthatsurroundAmerica'scities.Oldersuburbsareexperiencingthesamechallengesascities:failingschools,persistentcrime,andthelossofjobsandbusinessestoother,furtheroutsuburbs.Evensuburbanareasthataredevelopingrapidlyarefindingthatexplosivegrowthhasitsdrawbacks,especiallyintheformofovercrowdedschools,butalsoinlongcommutesandtheinabilityoflocalgovernmentstopayfornewroads,sewers,andotherinfrastructure.

【答案】1.华盛顿·欧文远在一百年前就把握住了这一事实。他写道："外地人若要对英国人的性格有恰如其分的了解，就必须到乡村去。他应该在乡村小住数日，参观城堡、别墅、农场房屋及村民居住的农舍，逛逛公园、花园，沿着矮树丛及林荫小路溜达；他一定要在教堂里消磨一下时光，参加纪念守护神节日的活动，看看集市，与村民同庆他们的节日，与不同场合的人打交道，了解他们的习惯并欣赏他们的幽默。"

2.当然，分散化趋势的影响远远超出了城市范围。无序扩张的发展格局破坏着全关各城市周围许多郊区的稳定。年代较久的郊区经受着和市区同样的挑战：学校教育质量每况愈下、犯罪屡禁不止、就业和商业机会流失到其他更远的郊区。即使是发展迅速的郊区也出现了爆炸式增长的弊端，尤其体现在以下几个方面：学校过度拥挤,上下班交通耗时长，当地政府无力出资建造新的道路、下水道和其他基础设施。

20.翻译题

中国有关管理部门规定，现役运动员在备战北京奥运会期间，不得参加任何形式的社会活动。

“生活质量”这个词不好下定义。它包含很广的范围，例如生活环境、健康、就业、食品、家庭生活、教育、物质财富、休闲和娱乐，等等。

亚运会，是一个在来自亚洲各地的运动员中举办的多项目体育赛事，每4年一届。该运动会受亚洲奥林匹克理事会(OCA)根据国际奥委会(IOC)的监督。

父母、老师、工作同伴和大众媒体的传播者都能激发我们潜在的兴趣。例如，学校对于做游戏、参加体育活动和文化追求的鼓励的程度和方式很可能对学生休闲态度的形成产生影响。

一场球赛由两个各出五人的球队组成，篮球运动既可在室内也可在室外的长方形场地上进行。运动员可以通过运球在场地上移动，或者是边跑边传球，把球投进橘黄色的篮筐得分。

【答案】Chineseauthoritieshasbanneditsactiveathletesfromtakingpartinanyformofsocialactivitiesintherun-uptoBeijingOlympics.

Theterm“qualityoflife”ishardtodefine.Itcoversaverywiderangesuchaslivingenvironment,health,employment,food,familylife,education,materialwealth,leisureandentertainment,andsoon.

TheAsianGamesisamulti-sporteventwhichholdseveryfouryearsamongathletesfromalloverAsia.ThegamesaresupervisedbytheOlympicCouncilofAsia(OCA)undertheregulationoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC).

Parents,teachersinschools,fellowworkersandmassmediacommunicatorsareallcapableofstimulatingourpotentialinterests.Forexample,thedegreetowhichandthewaysinwhichaschoolencouragesparticipationingames,sportsandculturalpursuitsarelikelytohaveanimpactontheshapingofleisureattitudesonthepartofthestudents.

Abasketballgame,whichcanbeholdinanoblongfieldeitherindoororoutdoor,usuallyconsistsoftwoteamsof5playersineach.Whenrunninginthefield,playerscancarryorpasstheball.Whentheballisthrewintotheorangebasket,playerscangetpoints.

21.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

CloningandFinancialCrisisRecently,anearlydecadeoldpaperontheeconomiceffectsofhumancloningbyaFrencheconomicsprofessorhasbeengettingsomeattention.(46)Thepaperarguesthatratherthananarmyoflow-levelclonedworkersorfightersasispredictedinHuxley’sBraveNewWorldorStarWars,cloningwillleadtomoreandmorehigherskilledworkers.That’sbecausethereturnsofcloningpeoplewhocanmakealotofmoneywillbehigherthancloningaverageJoes.Andwhenitcomestocloning,we’reinitforthemoney,justlikeeverythingelse.What’smore,itwillprobablybeonlytherichwhowillbeabletoaffordtoclonethemselvesatthestart.

Theresult,atleastatfirst,willbearapidriseinouralreadydisturbinglevelsofincomeinequality.Cloneswillearnmoreandmoremoney,andthoseofuswhoreproducetheoldfashionwaywilllikelyhavepoorerandpooreroffspring.(47)Recently,BarbaraKiviatwrotetwoessaysonhowincomeinequalitywasamajorcontributortothefinancialcrisis.Soyoudothemath.Ifcloningleadstoincomeinequalityandincomeinequalityleadstofinancialcrises,thenwe’vegotaproblem.Here’swhy:

(48)Oneoftheknocksonfinancialreformisthatitisregulationthroughtherearviewmirror.Lawmakersfocusonstoppingwhatcausedthemostrecentfinancialcrisis.Soafterthetechbubble,newruleswereputintoplacetostopWallStreetfromusinganalyststopushworthlessstocks.ThewayWallStreetdidIPOscameunderscrutiny.AndawholesetofruleswereputinplacetotrytostopaccountingfraudslikeEnron.

(49)Weallknownowthatnoneofthosereformsdidlittletostopthelatestfinancialcrisis,whichwasdrivennotbystocks,butbyhousingprices,laxlendingandunsoundrisktakingbyWallStreet.Sonowweareputtingreformsinplacetoreigninriskybehavioratbanks,andtoregulatethederivativesthatfacilitatebighiddenfinancialbetsandaddconsumerprotectionsthatwilleliminatetheabilitytomakebadloansinthefirstplace.

Allgoodthings.Noneofthatthoughaddressestheobviousrealthingweshouldallbeconcernedaboutwhenitcomestofinancialcrises:HumanCloning.(50)Thepaper,whichwaswrittenbyGillesSaint-Paul,aprofessorattheToulouseSchoolofEconomicsinFrance,hasasurprisingamountofmathforatopicsuchashumancloning,whichtothebestofmyknowledgedoesn’tyetexist.Andithassomeoutthereideas,liketheguessthatsurrogatemothersmightsoonhavesalariesthatmatchWallStreet.Ifclonedbabieshavehigherexpectedincomelevels,thenpeoplewillpaymoreforthemtobemade.Sobirthingacloneequalscha-ching.

【答案】【参考译文】

46.这篇论文认为，与赫胥黎在《美丽新世界》或《星球大战》中预测的一群低智商克隆工人或一支战斗的军队不同，克隆将带来越来越多的高技能熟练工人。

47.最近，芭芭拉•基维亚特写了两篇文章，论述收入不平等是如何成为金融危机的主要促成因素。让我们来考虑一下。如果克隆导致收入不平等，而收入不平等导致金融危机，那么我们就发现了问题的症结。

48.金融改革受到的批评之一是，这是每次都是通过“后视镜”进行监管。议员们的重点是阻止导致最近金融危机的原因。因此，在科技泡沫破灭后，新的规则出台以阻止华尔街利用分析师推销毫无价值的股票。

49.我们现在都知道，所有这些改革都对阻止最新的金融危机收效甚微。这场危机的驱动因素不是股市，而是房价、宽松的贷款和华尔街不健全的冒险行为。

50.由法国图卢兹经济学院的教授吉勒斯•圣保罗撰写的这篇论文对克隆人这一课题做了大量研究，据我所知，克隆人还不存在。

22.单选题

Westernmedicine,（）scienceandpracticedbypeoplewithacademicinternationallyacceptedmedicaldegrees，isonlyoneofmanysystemsofhealing.

问题1选项

A.rootedin

B.originatedfrom

C.trappedin

D.indulgedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词组辨析。rootin“来源于，起因于”；originatefrom“发源于，起源于”；trapin“受困于”；indulgein“沉溺于”。句意：西药从科学发展而来，通过人们的实践获得国际认定的医学地位，它只是众多治疗系统中的一种。originatefrom指一般意义上的来源于某地。rootin有“扎根于，根植于”的意思。所以选项A更恰当。

23.不定项选择题

Thestratosphericozonelayerisnotacompletelyuniformstratum,nordoesitoccuratthesamealtitudearoundtheglobe.ItliesclosesttotheEarthoverthepolesandrisestomaximumaltitudeovertheequator.Inthestratosphere,ozoneiscontinuouslybeingmadeanddestroyedbynaturalprocesses.DuringthedaytheSunbreaksdownsomeoftheoxygenmoleculestosingleoxygenatoms,andtheseatoms,reactingwithoxygenmoleculesthathavenotbeendissociated,formozone.However,thesunlightalsobreaksdownozonebyconvertingsomeofitbacktonormaloxygen.Inaddition,naturallyoccurringnitrogenoxidesenterintothecycleandspeedthebreakdownreactions.Theamountofozonepresentatanyonetimeisthebalancebetweentheprocessesthatcreateitandthosethatdestroyit.

Sincethesplittingoftheoxygenmoleculesdependsdirectlyupontheintensityofsolarradiation,thegreatestrateofozoneproductionoccursoverthetropics.However,ozoneisalsodestroyedmostrapidlythere,andwindcirculationpatternscarrytheozone-enrichedupperlayersoftheatmosphereawayfromtheequator.Itturnsoutthatthelargesttotalozoneamountsarefoundathighlatitudes.OnatypicaldaytheamountofozoneoverMinnesota,forexample,is30percentgreaterthantheamountover900milesfarthersouth.Thedensityandaltitudeoftheozonelayeralsochangewiththeseasons,theweather,andtheamountofsolaractivity.Nevertheless,atanyoneplaceabovetheEarth’ssurface,thelongtermaveragesmaintainedbynaturalprocessesarebelievedtobereasonablyconstant.

TheamountofozoneneartheEarthisonlyasmallpercentoftheamountinthestratosphere,andexchangeofmoleculesbetweentheozonelayerandatthegroundlevelisthoughttoberelativelysmall.Furthermore,theozonemoleculeissounstablethatonlyatinyfractionofground-levelozonecouldsurvivethelongtriptothestratosphere,sotheozonelayerwillnotbereplenishedtoanysignificantdegreebytheincreasingconcentrationsofozonethathavebeendetectedinrecentyearsneartheEarth’ssurface.Thelong-termaveragesofozonebothneargroundlevelandinthestratosphereareregulatedbycontinuousprocessesthatareconstantlydestroyingandcreatingitineachoftheseplaces.Thisiswhyscientistsaresoconcernedabouthumanbeing’sinjectionintothestratospherechemicalslikenitrogenoxides,whicharecatalyststhatfacilitatethebreakdownofozone.Iftheozonelayerisdepletedsignificantly,moreultravioletradiationwouldpenetratetotheEarth’ssurfaceanddamagemanylivingorganisms.

1.What’sthethematicquestionofthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatmostresemblestheprocessesthatdeterminetheamountofozoneintheupperstratosphere?

3.WhichofthefollowinghastheLEASTeffectontheamountofozoneintheupperatmosphere?

4.Intermsoftheamountofozoneinthestratosphere,naturalprocessesareassumedtoform______.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Howtodealwiththerelationsbetweenozonelayerandradiationdamage?

B.Whatistheaveragethicknessofthestratosphericozonelayer?

C.Whydoesincreaseexposuretoultravioletradiationdestroymanylivingorganisms?

D.Howisstratosphericozonecreatedandchanged?

问题2选项

A.Automobileemissionsandseasonalfogsthatcreatealayerofsmogoveracity.

B.Plantingandharvestingactivitiesthatproduceacropwhosesizeisalwaysaboutthesame.

C.Depositsandwithdrawalsmadeinabankaccountwhoseaveragebalanceremainsmuchthesame.

D.Assetsandliabilitiesthatdeterminethenetworthofacorporation.

问题3选项

A.Weather.

B.Latitude.

C.Season.

D.Ground-levelozone.

问题4选项

A.achainofrandomlyoccurringphenomena

B.aninteractiverelationship

C.areductionsystem

D.alinearprogression

问题5选项

A.Solarradiationnotonlyproducesanddamagesozonebutalsoposesahazardtohumanlife.

B.Naturallyoccurringnitrogenoxides,aswellasthoseintroducedbyhumans,tendtodepletethelayerofozoneinthestratosphere.

C.Adelicatebutreasonablyconstantbalanceexistsbetweenthenaturalprocessthatproduceozoneandthosethatdestroyitinthestratosphere.

D.Changesintheconcentrationofozoneinthestratospheretendtocancelthemselvesoutafteraperiodoftime.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.【选项释义】

1.What’sthethematicquestionofthepassage?1.这篇文章的主题问题是什么？

A.Howtodealwiththerelationsbetweenozonelayerandradiationdamage?A.如何处理臭氧层与辐射损害的关系？

B.Whatistheaveragethicknessofthestratosphericozonelayer?B.平流层臭氧层的平均厚度是多少？

C.Whydoesincreaseexposuretoultravioletradiationdestroymanylivingorganisms?C.为什么紫外线辐射的增加会破坏许多生物体？

D.Howisstratosphericozonecreatedandchanged?D.平流层臭氧是如何产生和改变的？

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】通读全文可知，文章第一段介绍了平流层臭氧是如何产生的，第二、三段讲述了影响臭氧含量的一些因素，包括太阳活动、季节、天气和纬度，以及解释臭氧是如何被破坏和创造，但又能保持平衡，综合理解可推断，这篇文章主要是回答平流层臭氧是如何产生和改变的这个问题，故该题选择D项“平流层臭氧是如何产生和改变的？”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】A项“如何处理臭氧层与辐射损害的关系？”、B项“平流层臭氧层的平均厚度是多少？”和C项“为什么紫外线辐射的增加会破坏许多生物体？”，原文没有谈到这三个问题，这三项属于无中生有。

2.【选项释义】

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatmostresemblestheprocessesthatdeterminetheamountofozoneintheupperstratosphere?2.根据文章，什么最类似于决定平流层上层的臭氧量的过程？

A.Automobileemissionsandseasonalfogsthatcreatealayerofsmogoveracity.A.汽车尾气和季节性雾霾会在城市上空形成一层雾霾。

B.Plantingandharvestingactivitiesthatproduceacropwhosesizeisalwaysaboutthesame.B.种植和收获活动产生的作物的规模总是相同。

C.Depositsandwithdrawalsmadeinabankaccountwhoseaveragebalanceremainsmuchthesame.C.在银行账户上的存款和取款，其平均余额基本不变。

D.Assetsandliabilitiesthatdeterminethenetworthofacorporation.D.决定公司净资产的资产和负债。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先定位第二段，该段对平流层上层的臭氧量变化过程有描述，根据前三句“由于氧分子的分裂直接取决于太阳辐射的强度，臭氧产生的最大速率发生在热带地区。然而，那里的臭氧被破坏的速度也最快，风环流模式将富含臭氧的上层大气带离赤道。结果发现，臭氧总量最大的地区是高纬度地区。”以及最后一句“然而，在地球表面的任何一个地方，自然过程所维持的长期平均值被认为是相当恒定的。”从中可知，热带地区的臭氧产生速率是最高的，但是臭氧含量最高的是高纬度地区，因为风环流模式会将富含臭氧的上层大气带到高纬度地区，这是自然过程维持的一个恒定的平均值，也就是说产生和带走的臭氧量的平均值会保持恒定，这与C项“在银行账户上