考研考博-英语-安徽商贸职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽商贸职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Iwouldneverhave（

）acourtoflawifIhadn'tbeensodesperate.

问题1选项

A.soughtfor

B.accountedfor

C.turnedup

D.resortedto

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。seekfor“寻求，追求”；accountfor“对…做出解释”；turnup“出现，发生”；resortto“依靠，求助于，诉诸”。句意：如果我没到如此绝望的地步，我是不会诉诸法律的。根据前后句意可知D项符合，答案D

2.单选题

Foryears,anetworkofcitizens’groupsandscientificbodieshasbeenclaimingthatscienceofglobalwarmingisinconclusive.Butwhofundedthem?

Exxon’sinvolvementiswellknown.ExxonMobilistheworld’smostprofitablecorporation.Itmakesmostofitsmoneyfromoil,andhasmoretolosethananyothercompanyfromeffortstotackleclimatechange.Tosafeguarditsprofits,ExxonMobilneedstosowdoubtaboutwhetherseriousactionneedstobetakenonclimatechange.Buttherearedifficulties:ifmustconfrontascientificconsensusasstrongasthatwhichmaintainsthatsmokingcauseslungcancerorthatHIVcausesAids.Sowhat’sitsstrategy?

ThewebsiteE,usingdatafoundinthecompany’sofficialdocuments,lists124organizationsthathavetakenmoneyfromthecompanyorworkcloselywiththosethathave.Theseorganizationstakeaconsistentlineonclimatechange:thatthescienceiscontradictory,thescientistsaresplit,environmentalistsareliarsorlunatics,andifgovernmentstookactiontopreventglobalwarming,theywouldbeendangeringtheglobaleconomyfornogoodreason.Thefindingstheseorganizationsdislikearelabeled“junkscience”.Thefindingstheywelcomearelabeled“soundscience”.

Thisisnottoclaimthatallthesciencethesegroupschampionisbogus.Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.Theywillfindonecontradictorystudy—suchasthediscoveryoftropospheric(对流层的)cooling—andpromoteitrelentlessly.Theywillcontinuetodosolongafterithasbeendisprovedbyfurtherwork.So,forexample,JohnChristy,theauthorofthetropospherepaper,admittedinAugust2005thathisfigureswereincorrect,yethisinitialfindingsarestillbeingcirculatedandchampionedbymanyofthesegroups,asaquickinternetsearchwillshowyou.

WhiletheyhavebeenmosteffectiveintheUnitedStates,theimpactsoftheclimate-changedenierssponsoredbyExxonhavebeenfeltallovertheworld.Bydominatingthemediadebateonclimatechangeduringsevenoreightcriticalyearsinwhichurgentinternationaltalksshouldhavebeentakingplace,byconstantlyseedingdoubtaboutthesciencejustasitshouldhavebeenmostpersuasive,theyhavejustifiedthemoneytheirsponsorshavespentonthemmanytimesover.

1.WhichofthefollowinghasNOTbeendonebytheorganizationstoestablishtheirpositiononclimatechange?

2.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“bogus”(inParagraph4)?

3.JohnChristyismentionedtoshow（）.

4.TheorganizationssponsoredbyExxon（）.

5.Thepassageismainlyfocusedon（）.

问题1选项

A.Damagingthereputationofenvironmentalists.t

B.Emphasizingthelackofconsensusamongscientists.t

C.Stressingtheunnecessaryharmtotileglobaleconomy.t

D.Protectingthescientificdiscoveriesfrombeingmisused.t

问题2选项

A.Reasonable.t

B.Fake.t

C.Limitless.t

D.Inconsistent.t

问题3选项

A.howcloselytheseorganizationsworkwithscientistst

B.howtheseorganizationsselectscientificfindingsfortheirownpurposet

C.howimportantcorrectdataareforscientiststomakesounddiscoveriest

D.howoneman’smistakemaysetbacktheprogressofsciencet

问题4选项

A.haveliveduptotheirpromisest

B.havealmostcausedworldwidechaost

C.havefailedtoachievetheiroriginalgoalt

D.havemisunderstoodtherequestofthesponsort

问题5选项

A.Exxon’sinvolvementinscientificscandalst

B.Exxon’scontributionstotheissueofclimatechanget

C.Exxon’sroleindelayingsolutionstoglobalwarmingt

D.Exxon’seffortstopromotemorescientificdiscoveries

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节判断题。题干意思是“以下哪项是这些组织在确定其对气候变化的立场时没有做过的？”。文章的第三段提到Theseorganizationstakeaconsistentlineonclimatechange:thatthescienceiscontradictory,thescientistsaresplit,environmentalistsareliarsorlunatics,andifgovernmentstookactiontopreventglobalwarming,theywouldbeendangeringtheglobaleconomyfornogoodreason.（这些组织在气候变化问题上的立场是一致的：科学是矛盾的，科学家是分裂的，环保主义者是骗子或疯子，如果政府采取行动阻止全球变暖，他们将在没有充分理由的情况下危害全球经济），由此可知A项“破坏环保主义者的声誉”、B项“强调科学家之间缺乏共识”和C项“强调对全球经济的不必要伤害”都属于这些组织在确定其对气候变化的立场时的说辞，只有D项“保护科学发现不被滥用”没有提及。因此，该题选择D项正确。

第2题:语义推测题。题干意思是“下列哪项在意思上最接近第四段的‘bogus’？”。根据题干定位到第四段第一句Thisisnottoclaimthatallthesciencethesegroupschampionisbogus.（这并不是说这些团体支持的所有科学都是bogus）可知，这句话是上文的承接句，上文最后一句话指出Thefindingstheseorganizationsdislikearelabeled“junkscience”.Thefindingstheywelcomearelabeled“soundscience”.（这些商业组织不喜欢的研究结果被贴上了“垃圾科学”的标签，他们欢迎的发现被贴上了“可靠科学”的标签），后文又提到Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.（总的来说，他们使用的是选择，而不是发明），由此可推测并不是这些组织支持的所有的科学都是假的，故B项“虚假的”符合题意。A项“合理的”、C项“无限制的”和D项“不一致的”都不与bogus的含义相近。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第3题:细节判断题。题干意思是“提到克里斯蒂是为了表示……”。根据题干定位到文章第四段，第二句和第三句指出Onthewhole,theyuseselection,notinvention.Theywillfindonecontradictorystudy—suchasthediscoveryoftropospheric(对流层的)cooling—andpromoteitrelentlessly.（总的来说，他们使用的是选择，而不是发明；他们会发现一个相互矛盾的研究，比如对流层冷却的发现，并坚持不懈地挖掘它），由此推断，后文引用克里斯蒂的例子是为了说明这些组织出于自己的目的选择科学研究课题，故B项“这些组织如何为他们自己的目的选择科学发现”符合题意。A项“这些组织与科学家的合作有多密切”，内容不符合原文；C项“正确的数据对于科学家做出可靠的发现是多么重要”和D项“一个人的错误可能会阻碍科学的进步”文章没有提及。因此，该题选择B项正确。

第4题:细节推理题。题干意思是“由埃克森赞助的组织……”。文章最后一句话提到Bydominatingthemediadebateonclimatechangeduringsevenoreightcriticalyearsinwhichurgentinternationaltalksshouldhavebeentakingplace,byconstantlyseedingdoubtaboutthesciencejustasitshouldhavebeenmostpersuasive,theyhavejustifiedthemoneytheirsponsorshavespentonthemmanytimesover.（在本应举行紧急国际谈判的七八年关键时期，通过主导媒体有关气候变化的辩论，通过不断播撒对科学的怀疑，就像它应该是最有说服力的一样，他们已经证明了赞助商在他们身上花费的金钱是合理的），由此可推断，埃克森赞助的组织最终还是兑现了他们的承诺，和公司在应对气候变化问题上处于一致的立场，故A项“履行了他们诺言”符合题意。B项“几乎引起了世界范围的混乱”和D项“误解了主办者的要求”没有提到；C项“没有达到他们原来的目标”，内容与原文不符。因此，该题选择A项正确。

第5题:主旨大意题。题干意思是“这篇文章主要关于……”。本文主要讲在应对全球变暖等环境问题上，大公司埃克森所做的一切措施来维护自身经济利益。文章第一段提到Foryears,anetworkofcitizens’groupsandscientificbodieshasbeenclaimingthatscienceofglobalwarmingisinconclusive.Butwhofundedthem?（多年来，一个由公民团体和科学机构组成的网络一直声称全球变暖的科学是不确定的，但是谁资助的呢？）和文章最后一段提到WhiletheyhavebeenmosteffectiveintheUnitedStates…（虽然他们这一招在美国是最有效的……），由此可以推断，埃克森美孚公司在解决全球变暖的问题上发挥了作用，故C项“埃克森在拖延全球变暖解决方案方面的作用”符合题意。A项“埃克森卷入科学丑闻”和D项“埃克森推动更多科学发现的努力”文中没有提到；B项“埃克森对气候变化问题的贡献”，文章第二段指出Tosafeguarditsprofits,ExxonMobilneedstosowdoubtaboutwhetherseriousactionneedstobetakenonclimatechange.（为了保护自己的利润，埃克森美孚需要散播怀疑，是否需要对气候变化采取严格的行动），由此可知，埃克森美孚为了保护自己的利益，而散播谣言阻止气候变化措施的实行，B项错误。因此，该题选择C项正确。

3.单选题

Inthepastfortyyears,weatherforecastinghasbecomealmost（）computerized.

问题1选项

A.centrally

B.totally

C.nationally

D.extremely

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项centrally“在中心”；B选项totally“完全地”；C选项nationally“全国性地”D选项extremely“非常，极其”。句意：在过去的四十年里，天气预报已经几乎完全计算机化了。因此B项符合句意。

4.单选题

Yourimproperwordswillgive（）todoubtsconcerningyourtrueintentions.

问题1选项

A.rise

B.reason

C.suspicion

D.impulse

【答案】A

【解析】giveriseto为固定搭配,

表示“使...发生,

引发”。句意：不恰当的话语会使人对你的真实意图产生怀疑。

5.单选题

Youdon’thavetotakeallthecoursesifyouhavenointerestinthem.Theyare（）.

问题1选项

A.optional

B.optical

C.elementary

D.critical

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optional“可选择的”；B选项optical“光学的；视觉的”；C选项elementary“基本的；初级的”；D选项critical“至关重要的”。句意：如果你对这些课程不感兴趣的话，那么你不必全部都上。它们是……。不必上所有的课程，因为它们是可以选修的。故选A。

6.单选题

Fitnesshelps______signsofdepression,suchasindecisionandlackofzestfordailyactivities.

问题1选项

A.alleviate

B.diagnose

C.assess

D.manipulate

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项alleviate“减轻，缓和”；B选项diagnose“诊断；断定；判断”；C选项assess“评定；估价；对……征税”；D选项manipulate“操纵；操作；巧妙地处理；篡改”。句意：健康有助于缓解抑郁迹象，如优柔寡断和对日常活动缺乏热情。因此A选项正确。

7.单选题

Formerly,calciumandvitaminDwerefrequentlyaddedtoenrichedbread,but______consumerdemandandquestionablenutritionalbenefitledtogradualphasingoutoftheseenrichments.

问题1选项

A.lackof

B.lackingof

C.lackedof

D.lack

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子结构和lack的用法。lack作动词时，后面直接加宾语，作名词通常和of连用。句意：以前，钙和维他命D常常被加入面包丰富其营养，但由于缺乏消费者需求和令人可疑的营养益处导致这些面包逐渐被淘汰。根据句意A项正确。

8.单选题

Thedictatorreliedonabuseofitsopponents（

）onsoundingreasoning.

问题1选项

A.morethan

B.ratherthan

C.otherthan

D.betterthan

【答案】B

【解析】词组辨析题。morethan不仅仅；ratherthan而不是；otherthan除了...不同于...；betterthan超过，好于...。句意：这个独裁者依靠的是辱骂反对者，而不是有力的说服。所以选项B正确。

9.单选题

IwasawfullytiredwhenIgothomefromwork,butahalf-hournap（

）me.

问题1选项

A.revived

B.released

C.relieved

D.recovered

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我下班回家的时候累极了，但半小时的小睡又使我振作起来。

动词辨析。revive（使）苏醒，复活;release释放;relieve缓解，减轻;recover康复。A项符合句意。

10.单选题

TheareawhereconventionalmicroeconomicswouldraiseeyebrowsifnotringalarmbellsishowcapitalistdevelopmentofInternet-relatedindustrieshas（）generatedconsiderablemarketconcentrationatalmosteverylevel.

问题1选项

A.inexorably

B.yearningly

C.placably

D.relentingly

【答案】A

【解析】副词词义辨析。inexorably“无情地，不可阻挡地”；yearningly“思念地，渴望地”；placably“易安抚地”；relentingly“仁慈地”。句意：该地区的微观经济可能会引人侧目，如果不敲响警钟，互联网相关产业的资本主义发展如何在几乎所有层面上不可阻挡地产生了相当大的市场集中度。选项A符合题意。

11.单选题

Thehelicopterisanincrediblyversatilemachine.Itcanfly,straightupordown,hoverlikeafly,andgoforwards,backwards,orsideways.Itthereforeneedsnolong,preparedrunwaylikeanormalairplanedoes.Itcanoperatefromaflatroofinthecityorfromaclearinginthejunglewithequalease.However,helicoptersarenowherenearasfastasnormalfixed-wingairplanesandhaveatopspeedofonlyabout200milesanhour.

Thehelicopterhasoftenbeencalledthe'flyingwindmill'becauseofthelong,rotatingblades,orrotor,ontopofitsbody.Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.Therotorbladeshavethesameaero-foilshapesasairplanewingsandpropellerstogeneratetherequiredliftandthrust.

Whenthemainrotorrotates,thebodyofthehelicopterlendstospinbyreactionintheoppositedirection.Tocounteractthiseffect,asmallrotorismountedsidewaysonthetail.Thethrustproducedbythistailrotorinnormalflightjustbalancestheturningtendencyofthehelicopterbodywhichthereforeremainssteady.Boththemainandthetailrotorsaredrivenbythehelicopterenginethroughthesamegearbox.Anotherwayofmaintainingstabilityintheairistohavetwinmainrotorswhicheachrotateinoppositedirections.Then,the"spinning"tendencyofonecancelsthatoftheother.

Movementofthehelicopterinadirection-forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown-isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.Thepitchistheangleatwhichthebladesslicethroughor'bite'theair.Toflystraightupwardsallthebladesaresetatthesamesharppitch.Inthispositiontheyachievemaximumlift.Todescend,thepitchofthebladesisreducedsothattheliftisinsufficienttosupportthehelicopter'sweight.

Thepilotadjuststhepitchforupordownmovementbymovingthecollective-pitchstick.Thisisalsolinkedtotheenginethrottlessothatmorepowerisappliedasthepitchincreases.Thisistoovercomethegreaterairresistancewiththesharperpitch.Conversely,theengineisthrottledbackwhenthepitchisreducedfordescentbecausethereislessairresistance.

Toflyforwards,thepitchoftherotorbladesisvariedastheyrotate.Forforwardmotion,thepitchismadeleastatthefrontandgraduallyincreasedastheblademovesbackwards.Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.Thesamegoesforanyhorizontalmovement——thepitchismadeleastinthedesireddirectionoftravel.Thecyclic-pitchstickcontrolsthepitchoftherotorforhorizontalflight.

1.Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat（）.

2.What'sthebasicfunctionofthemainrotorofahelicopter?

3.Themovementofthehelicopterinanydirectioniscontrolledby（）.

4.Toflyforwards,ahelicopterhasto（）.

5.Theword"descend"inline4ofparagraph4canbebestreplacedby（）.

6.Thephrase"Thisposition"inline4ofparagraph4refersto（）.

7.Whatisthemostappropriatetitleforthispassage?

问题1选项

A.nothingisperfect

B.generallyspeaking,helicoptersarebetterthanotherairplanes

C.fixed-wingairplaneshaveatopspeedofabout200milesperhour

D.helicoptersarenotatallversatile

问题2选项

A.Tocounteractthespinningofahelicopter.

B.Tomaintainstabilityintheair.

C.Torotateinoppositedirection.

D.Toproducetheforcetodriveitalongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.

问题3选项

A.asmallrotor

B.itstail

C.varyingthepitchoftherotorblades

D.counteractingmaximumlift

问题4选项

A.supportthehelicopter'sweight

B.sweeptheairbackwardsandpushthehelicopterforwards

C.belinkedtotheenginethrottle

D.slicethroughtheair

问题5选项

A.settle

B.come

C.godown

D.decrease

问题6选项

A."Toflystraightupwards"

B."thesamesharppitch"

C."Thepitch"

D.''achievemaximumlift”

问题7选项

A.TheHelicopter

B.ThePitch

C.RotatingBlades

D.TheflyingHelicopter

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

第6题:B

第7题:A

【解析】1.根据第一段的内容可知,本段讲述了直升机的优点和缺点,也就是说没有什么是完美的。选项A最能概括本段。

2.根据第二段第二句“Thismainrotorservesasbothpropellerandwingstoprovidethethrusttodrivethehelicopteralongandthelifttoraiseitofftheground.”这个主旋翼既充当螺旋桨又充当机翼,提供推动直升机前进的推力,也提供使直升机离开地面的升力。选项D与原文描述一致。

3.根据第四段的第一句“Movementofthehelicopterinadirection—forwards,backwards,sideways,upordown—isachievedsimplybyvaryingthepitchoftherotorblades.”选项C符合原文。

4.根据最后一段第三句“Thishastheeffectofsweepingtheairbackwards,andthereforepushingthehelicopterforwards.”为了向前飞行,直升机需要向后扫空气。选项B正确。

5.根据原文句意：叶片的节距减小,使升力不足以支撑直升机的重量,这样直升机就会下降,所以“descend”指的是下降,选项C正确。

6.根据原文句意：为了垂直向上飞行,所有的叶片都设置在相同的间距。在这个位置,他们达到最大的升力。由此可知,“thisposition”指的是上一句提及的相同的间距,选项B正确。

7.结合全文内容可知,本文主要是讲的直升机是如何运作的,选项A最能概括全文。原文并没有说是飞行中的飞机,所以选项D不正确。

12.单选题

Iamsurethatwithyourremarkableabilityandrichexperience,thecurrentsessionyou______overwillbeasuccess.

问题1选项

A.presume

B.propel

C.preside

D.prick

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项presume“假定；推测；擅自；意味着”；B选项propel“推进；驱使；激励；驱策”；C选项preside“负责；主持”；D选项“戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛”。根据固定搭配presideover“主持；执掌；负责；管理”可知句意为：我相信，以你卓越的能力和丰富的经验，你主持的本届会议将取得成功。因此C选项正确。

13.单选题

Thephrase“meltingpot”hasbecomeassociatedwiththeAmericansociety,implyingthatmanyracialandethnicgroupshavebeenintegratedintooneculture.Scholarsdisagreeastowhatextentthisassimilationorintegrationhasactuallytakenplace.ManyofthemseetheAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”,wherevariousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.

Thereisnodoubtthatassimilationhastakenplace,especiallyamongthewhitesfromdifferentnationalitiesandreligiousbackgrounds;thedisagreementisonlyabouttowhatextentthisassimilationhasactuallytakenplace.Thescholarsarguethat“meltingplot”isaninaccuratedescriptionoftheAmericansociety.Letaloneothermoredistinctracesandethnicgroups,theypointtotheAmericanJewsasthegroupofwhiteswhohaveretainedtheirseparateness.

ManyscholarsfeelthattheunwillingnessbytheJewishAmericanstoassimilatewiththeAmericansocietycomesmainlyfromcenturiesofpersecutioninEuropeancountries,someofwhichsurvivedandcamealongwithEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.Weakerformsofdiscriminationandanti-JewishfeelingsstillexistamongEuropeandescendents,makingitmoredifficultfortheJewstoassimilateintothemainstreamAmericanculture.Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.

Whatisinteresting,however,isthatJewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericancultureinwhichtheyhaveachievedsuccessinnearlyeveryfield.Infact,amongthegroupsthathaveretainedtheirnationalorethnicidentities,theJewishgroupsarethemostsuccessful,accordingtoanation-widesurvey.ManyJewsattributethissuccesstotheirseparateness,whichhaspreventedthemfromlosingvaluesthatcontributetotheirsuccess.

1.Whatsentencewouldbestsummarizethispassage?

2.TheEuropeandescendentswhomostlikelydiscriminateagainsttheAmericanJewsare（）

3.ManyscholarsprefertodescribeAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”becauseit（）

4.TheauthorclaimsthatJewishgroupsretainmostoftheirculturalidentityand（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthereasonswhytheJewshaveremainedmostlyseparateis（）

问题1选项

A.Americansocietyiseithera“meltingpot”ora“saladbowl”,dependingonwhoistalkingaboutit.

B.JewishgroupshaveastrongsenseofidentityandrefusetoassimilatewithotherAmericans.

C.ScholarsdisagreeabouttheextenttowhichassimilationofdifferentracesandethnicgroupshastakenplaceinAmericansociety.

D.ThereisstillsomediscriminationandpersecutionofJewsinAmerica.

问题2选项

A.Christians

B.scholars

C.capitalists

D.Catholics

问题3选项

A.showsculturalandreligiousdifferencesofvariousculturalgroups

B.showsthetogethernessandseparatenessofdifferentethnic,national,andracialgroups

C.ismorecolorfulandimaginative

D.ismoreprogressive

问题4选项

A.theirseparatenesspreventsthemfromachievingsuccess

B.othergroupsdislikethemfortheirseparatenessfromthemainstreamAmericanculture

C.alsothinkofthemselvesasbelongingtotheAmericanculture

D.refusetocooperatewithotherculturalgroups

问题5选项

A.seeingnoadvantageinassimilating

B.lackofopportunitytoassimilate

C.thefearoflosingtheiridentity

D.theirprideintheirownculture

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要是讲学者们在美国社会中不同种族和民族的融合问题上存在分歧。所以选项C最能概括全文。

2.判断推理题。根据第三段的第一句“Manyscholarsfeelthat...withEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.”许多学者认为，美国犹太人不愿意融入美国社会，主要是由于几个世纪以来欧洲国家的迫害，其中一些国家幸存下来，与欧洲的基督徒一起来到了美国。由此可以推断，欧洲后代中最有可能歧视美国犹太人的是基督教徒，所以选项A正确。

3.细节事实题。根据关键词“saladbowl”定位到第一段的最后一句“variousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.”不同的群体虽然在同一社会中工作和生活，但仍然彼此独立。选项B符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据最后一段的第一句“Jewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericanculture...”可知选项C符合原文。

5.细节事实题。根据第三段的最后一句“Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.”选项D符合原文。

14.单选题

Theenergygainedfromthesuncanthenbeusedduringthenighttoenablethenecessarychemicalreactionto（

）initsbody.

问题1选项

A.precede

B.proceed

C.progress

D.practice

【答案】B

【解析】句意:从太阳获取的能量能在夜间被用来使必要的化学反应在体内进行。

考查动词辨析。Precede领先，在……之前;proceed开始，继续进行,发生;progress前进,进步;practice练习,实习,实行。故B符合句意。

15.单选题

Hehasbroughtforwardconclusiveevidence,whichforfurtherdispute.

问题1选项

A.makesroom

B.leavesnoroom

C.sparesnoefforts

D.takesnopains

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语搭配。A选项makesroom为……留出空间；B选项leavesnoroom没有空间；没有余地；C选项sparesnoefforts不遗余力；D选项takesnopains没有费力气，没有痛苦。根据前文可知，他已经列举出了确凿的证据，没有必要进一步争论。因此，正确答案为B项。

16.单选题

Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatand_______forusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.

问题1选项

A.ingredient

B.reliance

C.shelter

D.inclination

【答案】C

【解析】ingredient原料,要素;reliance信赖,信心;shelter庇护,避难所,遮盖物;inclination倾向,爱好。句意：知识是我们老年时舒适而必要的退隐之所;如果我们年轻时不准备,年老时就得不到它的庇护。选项C符合句意。

17.单选题

VisatoMelina.R.D.gotthesurpriseofhercareerlastyear,whentheSeattle-basedvegetariannutritionistwasaskedtogiveaseminaronvegetarianismataseniorcitizencenter.“Ithoughtthere'dbefourorfivepeople,”shesays.Instead,theroomwaspackedwithseniorswhohadpaida$5feetohearheradvice.Andtheirinterestinbetterhealthwasn’tonlykeen;itwasinformed."They'veobviouslybeenpayingattentiontonewresearch,”shesays.

IfMelinastudieddemographictrendsforaliving,sheprobablywouldn’thavebeensosurprised.Trendwatchershaveverifiedanintriguingnewphenomenon.Olderpeopleareturningtoavegetariandietinever-increasingnumbers.Notsurprisingly,demographicsaredrivingthedrift.Bytheyear2005,peoplebombetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.Addtothefactthatolderpeopleseeknatural,pleasantwaystocombatproblemsassociatedwithaging-weightgain,highercholesterolandbloodpressure,increasedcancerriskandimpaireddigestion-andyouhaverealmotivationtogomeatless,saysSuzanneHavala,R.D.,authoroftheAmericanDieteticAssociation'spositionpaperonvegetarianism.

Quantifyingthisnewtrendisn'teasy,buta1994studybyHealthFocusInc.,anindependentresearchorganizationbasedinDesMoines,Iowa,foundthatshoppersoverage50arecuttingdownontheirconsumptionofredmeatoreliminatingitfromtheirdietsentirely.Morecompellingevidencefortheseniorsurgetowardvegetarianismcomesfromvegetariangroupsnationwide,whichreportaswellintheranksofoldervegetarians.Forexample,oneoutoffivemembersofthenewSyracuse(N.Y.)AreaVegetarianEducationSocietyisover50;unusuallyhighforafledglingorganization.Andtwo-thirdsofthe850-memberVegetarianSocietyofHonoluluarealsomembersoftheAmericanAssociationofRetiredPersons,societyexecutivessay.

Aninformalpollofolderpeoplesuggestsbetterhealthisoftenthemainincentiveandobjectiveforturningveg.ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditorfoundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.However,thistimeitmadeherin.“Thecrashfeltliketheflu,”shesays.Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andher"flu”disappeared.

Moredramatically,RuthHeidrichbelievesvegetarianismsavedherlife.The61-year-oldmarathonerandtriathletewasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer14yearsago,atage47.Whenaninitialbiopsyindicatedfarmorecancerthanherdoctorshadthought,shewasreadytotakedesperatemeasures.Onthedayofthediagnosis,shespottedanewspaperadlookingforvolunteerstoenrollinastudyofbreastcanceranddiet,conductedbyJohnMcDougall,M.D.,aleadingadvocateoftheuseofdiettofightdisease.AftermeetingMcDougallandreviewingwhatshesayswasaneight-inchthickfileofstatisticslinkingahigh-fatdietwithbreastcancer,HeidrichconvertedfromatraditionalAmericandiettoanextremelylow-fatregimenwithnoanimalproducts.”1didn'tevenhaveskimmilkonmycereal,”shesays.Afteramastectomyandreconstructivesurgery,sheiscancer-free.Sheneverhadtoundergoradiationtreatmentorchemotherapyandbelievesherstrictvegetariandiethelpedspeedherrecoveryfromsurgery.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"...demographicsaredrivingthedrift"?

2.WhydidNancyRobertsfallill?

3.HowdidNancyRobertsrecoverfromherillness?

问题1选项

A.ThehugeBabyBoomGenerationhasdecidedtobecomevegetarians.

B.Seniorcitizensbelievethatgoingmeatlessisanaturalandpleasantwaytocombatproblemsofaging.

C.Thegrowingtrendtowardvegetariansisduetoanincreaseinthenumberofelderpeople.

D.Moreandmorepeopleofallagesaregoingonavegetariandiettostayhealthy.

问题2选项

A.Becausesheatetoomuchrichfood.

B.Becausesheoverexertedherselfduringtheholidays.

C.Becauseshewasonahigh-fatdiet.

D.Becauseshecaughttheflu.

问题3选项

A.Bygoingonanextremelylow-fatregimen.

B.Byeatingsomevegetariandishesathome.

C.Bynotevenhavingskimmilkwithhercereal.

D.Byfollowingastrictvegetariandiet.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。题目提问‘作者说“人口统计学正在推动这一趋势”是什么意思？’根据第二段中第四句“Bytheyear2005,peoplebornbetween1949and1963theBabyBoomGeneration,willmakeup38percentoftheAmericanpopulation.至2005年，出生在1949到1963岁之间的人--婴儿潮一代--将占美国人口的38%。和第五句Furthermore,statisticssuggestthiseducated,health-conscious,rebelliousandrelativelyaffluentcontingentfitsthetraditionalvegetarianprofile.此外，统计数据显示，这一受过教育、有健康意识、叛逆和相对富裕的队伍符合传统的素食主义。”确定题目中此话的意思是指C选项“素食主义者的增长趋势是由于老年人人数的增加”。

2.细节事实题。题目提问“为什么南希•罗伯茨会生病？”根据倒数第二段中“ThreeyearsagoNancyRoberts,a53-year-oldmagazineeditor,foundherselfdoingwhatmanypeopledoovertheholidays:overindulginginrichtreats.3年前，53岁的资深杂志编辑南希•罗伯茨，发现她做了很多人在假期会做的事：过度沉迷于吃丰富的食物。”确定A选项“因为她吃了太多丰富的食物”正确。

3.细节事实题。题目提问‘南希•罗伯茨是如何从病中康复的？根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“Bychance,Robertswasaskedtoeditsomevegetarianrecipesduringthatsameperiod.Shemadeafewathome,andherfludisappeared.碰巧，罗伯茨在同一命期被要求编辑一些素食食谱。她在家做了一些素食，她的“流感”消失了。”确定B选项“在家吃些素食”正确。

18.单选题

Thesearesignsthatthepresidencywillattempttoputenvironmentalissuesonhighits（

）.

问题1选项

A.legislation

B.trend

C.mainstream

D.agenda

【答案】D

【解析】legislation立法，法律；trend趋势，倾向；mainstream主流；agenda议程，日程表。句意：这些迹象表明，总统将试图把环境问题提上议程。选项D符合句意。

19.单选题

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

问题1选项

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】句意:逃跑的小偷后面紧跟着当地的警察。

考查固定搭配。on（at）one'sheels紧跟某人后面。

20.单选题

Otherfactors（

）tothedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationareadvancedscientifictechnologiesandbettertransportationsystem.

问题1选项

A.causing

B.giving

C.contributing

D.resulting

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。cause“成为…的原因，导致”；give“提供，给予”；contribute“贡献，出力，通常和介词to连用”；result“导致，发生”；根据空格后的介词to和句意‘（

）经济全球化发展的其他因素是先进的科学技术和更好的运输系统。’确定C选项正确。

21.单选题

ButneitherarepeoplewhobelieveintheUPOnarrativesirrational,much（

）crazy,astheyaresometimesdepicted.

问题1选项

A.more

B.less

C.as

D.like

【答案】B

【解析】考查语义。前面部分说到“两者都并非非理性的”，相应的空格这部分的修饰词也应选择否定意义。四个选项中只有B选项less符合要求，muchlesscrazy“更不用说疯狂的”。

22.翻译题

世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果，这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己动手去操作，自己细心体察。这样。他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥秘。

【答案】Thefirstgenerationofmuseumsisnaturemuseumintheworld,whichshowspeopletheevolutionoftheearthandthelivingthingswithfossilsandsamplesspecimen.Thesecondgenerationofmuseumsismuseumsofindustrialtechnology,whichshowthestageeffectsofindustrialcivilization.Thes