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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津城建大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

(Presumably),thereisagoodreasonforherabsence,asshedoesnotusuallystayawayfromwork.

问题1选项

A.Maybe

B.Surprisingly

C.Therefore

D.Yet

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项Maybe“可能”;B选项Surprisingly“出乎意料地”;C选项Therefore“因此”;D选项Yet“但是”。句意:她缺席大概有充分的理由,因为她通常不会不上班的。划线部分Presumably是大概的意思。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

ImaystillbefeelingtheeffectsofanesthesiawhenIcomehomefromthehospital,soIhopeyouarewillingtoaccompanywithmetheretomorrowandbringmeback.

问题1选项

A.maystillbefeeling

B.whenIcomehomefromthe

C.arewilling

D.accompanywithme

E.没有问题

【答案】D

【解析】固定短语误用。去掉with。由关键词“there那里”知这里表示“陪我到那里”意思,这里应用accompanysb.tosomewhere陪某人到某地”,再由there“在那里”这个副词前一般不用i词to(如gothere“去那里”)知这里直接去掉with就可以了。accompanywithsb.意思为“陪伴某人”(后面一般不接表示地点的副词)。

3.单选题

Manypeopleareaskingwhethertraditionalresearchuniversitiesinfacthaveanyfuture().

问题1选项

A.atall

B.sofar

C.inall

D.onend

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。atall“根本,究竟”;sofar“到目前为止”;inall“总共,合计”;onend“竖着,连续着”。句意:许多人在询问,传统的研究型大学实际上到底还有没有前途。A项符合题意。

4.问答题

Humanbeingsaresocial(A)animalswhousuallyprefernotliving(B)in(C)physicalorpsychologicalisolation(D).

【答案】试题答案:B;tolive

【解析】考查固定搭配。prefertodosth.意为“更喜欢做某事”。

5.单选题

Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12to$50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.Speroblamesthesofteningeconomy."I'magoodeconomicindicator,"shesays."Iprovideaservicethatpeoplecandowithoutwhenthey'reconcernedaboutsavingsomedollars."SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus."Idon'tknowifotherclientsaregoingtoabandonme,too"shesays.

EvenbeforeAlanGreenspan'sadmissionthatAmerica'sred-hoteconomyiscooling,lotsofworkingfolkshadalreadyseensignsoftheslowdownthemselves.FromcardealershipstoGapoutlets,saleshavebeenlaggingformonthsasshopperstempertheirspending.Forretailers,wholastyeartookin24percentoftheirrevenuebetweenThanksgivingandChristmas,thecautiousapproachiscoiningatacrucialtime.Already,expertssay.holidaysalesareoff7percentfromlastyear'space.Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.

Consumerssaythey'renotindespairbecause,despitethedreadfulheadlines,theirownfortunesstillfeelprettygood.Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."saysJohnDeadly,aBayAreareal-estatebroker.Andmostfolksstillfeelprettycomfortableabouttheirabilitytofindandkeepajob.

Manyfolksseesilverliningstothisslowdown.Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.Forthat,Greenspan&Co.maystillbeworthtoasting.

1.By“EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet’’(Line1,Paragraph1),theauthormeans().

2.Howdothepublicfeelaboutthecurrenteconomicsituation?

3.Whenmentioning“the$4millionto$10millionrange’’(Lines3,Paragraph3)theauthoristalkingabout().

4.Whycanmanypeoplesee‘‘silverlinings”totheeconomicslowdown?

5.Towhichofthefollowingistheauthorlikelytoagree?

问题1选项

A.Sperocanhardlymaintainherbusiness.

B.Speroistoomuchengagedinherwork.

C.Sperohasgrownoutofherbadhabit.

D.Speroisnotinadesperatesituation.

问题2选项

A.Optimistic

B.Confused

C.Carefree

D.Panicked.

问题3选项

A.goldmarket.

B.realestate.

C.stockexchange

D.ventureinvestment.

问题4选项

A.Theywouldbenefitincertainways.

B.Thestockmarketshowssignsofrecovery.

C.Suchaslowdownusuallyprecedesaboom

D.Thepurchasingpowerwouldbeenhanced.

问题5选项

A.Anewboom,onthehorizon.

B.Tightenthebelt,thesingleremedy.

C.Cautionallright,panicnot

D.Themoreventures,themorechances.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend$12toS50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.这位47岁的美甲师也没有像她想的那样修剪、填充或抛光那么多的指甲。她的大多数客户每周花费12至50美元,但上个月,两位老客户突然不再光顾。因此,斯珀罗开始缩减开支,在迪拉德位于克利夫兰郊区的家附近的中档百货商店购物,而不是去内曼•马库斯(NeimanMarcus)。由此段内容可知虽然Ellen的生意没以前好了,但Ellen的生活状况并没有陷入绝望的境地。故D项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段Butdon'tsoundanyalarmsjustyet.Consumersseemonlyconcerned,notpanicked,andmanysaytheyremainoptimisticabouttheeconomy'slong-termprospect,evenastheydosomemodestbelt-tightening.但是现在还没有发出警报。消费者似乎只是担心,并没有惊慌失措,许多人说,他们对经济的长期前景仍持乐观态度,尽管他们采取了一些适度的紧缩措施。可知消费者对经济形势保持乐观态度,故A项正确。

3.判断推理题。由第三段Homepricesareholdingsteadyinmostregions.InManhattan,"there'sanewgoldrushhappeninginthe$4millionto$10millionrange,predominantlyfedbyWallStreetbonuses.”saysbrokerBarbaraCorcoran.InSanFrancisco,pricesarestillrisingevenasfrenziedoverbiddingquiets."Insteadof20to30offers,nowmaybeyouonlygettwoorthree."在大多数地区,房价保持稳定。在曼哈顿,“新的淘金热在400万到1000万美元之间发生,主要是由华尔街的奖金推动的。”经纪人芭芭拉•科克伦说。在旧金山,房价仍在上涨,尽管疯狂的高出价已经平息。现在,你可能只会收到两三个offer,而不是20到30个。可知400万到1000万美元是指房价,整段都是围绕房价问题展开的,故B项正确。

4.判断推理题。由最后一段“Potentialhomebuyerswouldcheerforlowerinterestrates.Employerswouldn'tmindalittlefewerbubblesinthejobmarket.Manyconsumersseemtohavebeeninfluencedbystock-marketswings,whichinvestorsnowviewasanecessaryingredienttoasustainedboom.Dinersmightseeanupside,too.GettingatableatManhattan'shotnewAlainDucasserestaurantneedtobeimpossible.Notanymore.潜在的购房者会为更低的利率而欢呼。雇主们不会介意就业市场少一点泡沫。许多消费者似乎受到了股市波动的影响,投资者现在认为股市波动是持续繁荣的必要因素。用餐者可能也看到了好处。要在曼哈顿炙手可热的新阿兰杜卡斯(AlainDucasse)餐厅订到位子是不可能的,现在不是这样了。可知经济衰退也能带来一些好处。故A项正确。

5.推理判断题。本文开篇用事例引出经济滑坡的话题,随后表明人们对经济下滑仍然保持乐观态度,最后指出,人们可从中可以得到不少好处。C项的“适度谨慎是必要的,无需惊慌”与本文相符,故C项正确。

6.单选题

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.Human-resourcemanagementisnottraditionallyseenascentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.Labourissimplyanotherfactorofproductiontobehired-rentedatthelowestpossiblecost-muchasonebuysrawmaterialsorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohuman-resourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatehierarchy.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm’shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforces,infacttheyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthataremadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexample,takemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGermany(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanythanitisintheUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretraininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestothemanagementofhumanresourcesinAmericancompanies?

2.Whatisthepositionoftheheadofhuman-resourcemanagementinanAmericanfirm?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputintrainingmainlygoesto().

4.Accordingtothepassage,thedecisivefactorinmaintainingafirm’scompetitiveadvantageis().

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyhirepeopleatthelowestcostregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyattachmoreimportancetoworkersthanequipment.

C.Theyseethegainingofskillsastheiremployees’ownbusiness.

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeencompetition.

问题2选项

A.Hehasnosayinmakingimportantdecisionsinthefirm.

B.Hispostislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologiesareintroduced.

C.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutivesinthefirms.

D.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesinthefirms.

问题3选项

A.workerswhocanoperatenewequipment

B.topexecutives

C.workerswholackbasicbackgroundskills

D.technologicalandmanagerialstaff

问题4选项

A.theattachmentofimportancetothebottomhalfoftheemployees

B.therationalcompositionofprofessionalandmanagerialemployees

C.theintroductionofnewtechnologies

D.theimprovementofworkers’basicskills

问题5选项

A.Thehuman-resourcemanagementstrategiesofAmericanfirmsaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

B.Extensiveretrainingisindispensabletoeffectivehuman-resourcemanagement.

C.Theheadofhuman-resourcemanagementmustbeinthecentralpositioninafirm’shierarchy.

D.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhuman-resourcemanagement.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是:下面哪一项适用于美国公司的人力资源管理?根据原文第一段第三句Skillacquisitionisconsideredanindividualresponsibility.(技能的获得被认为是个人的责任。)由此可知,C选项“公司认为员工获得技能是他们自己的事”符合原文。

2.细节事实题。题目问的是:在美国公司中人力资源管理主管的地位怎样?根据原文第二段第三、四句Thepostofheadofhuman-resourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofcorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(CEO).(人力资源管理主管这一职位通常是一项专门的工作,处于公司等级制度的边缘。持有该职位的主管在重大战略决策上不需要征询他的意见,他也没有机会晋升为首席执行官。)由此可知,美国公司人力资源管理的主管在管理层中是非常没有地位的,在重大决策中是没有发言权的,所以A选项“他在公司里做重要决定时没有发言权”正确。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是:大多数美国公司投入培训的资金主要用于什么?根据文章第三段第二句Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalandmanagerialemployees.(他们投资的资金也更多地集中在专业人员和管理人员身上。)由此可知,D选项“技术和管理人员”正确。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是:保持一个公司竞争优势的决定性因素是什么?文章首段第一句话指出Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonwork-forceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.(如果持续的竞争优势取决于劳动者的技能,那么美国公司就有麻烦了。)而第三段又提到thebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.(基本技能使得吸收掌握新技术成为可能。)由此可知,D选项“提高工人的基本技能”符合原文,所以正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要谈论如果竞争的优势取决于工人的技术,那么美国的公司就遇到麻烦了。美国公司不正确的人才管理战略,使它们的竞争能力受到了挑战。所以A选项“美国公司的人力资源管理策略影响了它的竞争力”正确。

7.单选题

The()dancerwhowas70wasjusttooexhaustedtoproducegooddancemoves.

问题1选项

A.morass

B.hierarchical

C.effete

D.proselyte

【答案】C

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项morass“沼泽;困境;乱糟糟的一堆”;B选项hierarchical“分层的;等级体系的”;C选项effete“衰老的;疲惫的;(土地)贫瘠的”;D选项proselyte“使改宗教信仰”。句意:年龄为70岁的这位衰老的跳舞者,实在是太疲惫而无法拿出好的舞蹈动作。结合句意判断出选项C正确。

8.翻译题

1.科学家认为,出生在夏天将赋予你开朗的性情,而出生在冬天则可能给你的快乐蒙上永久的阴影。实验表明,出生的季节会极大地影响人体生物钟运转的速度。冬天出生的人体内的生物钟运转得太慢,从而可能对健康和性格产生影响。这一离奇有趣的理论来自一项对老鼠的研究,该研究把刚出生的老鼠暴露在不等量的光线下长达数月。

2.有些老鼠被放置在夏天的光照条件下,每天有16小时的“白天”和8个小时的“黑夜”。其他老鼠则只有8个小时的“白天”,和冬天昼短夜长的光照条件类似。在这些老鼠断奶后,它们被放置在相同的光照周期中长达数周,或转换到相反的光照环境。最后,科学家把它们都放置到黑暗中,观察它们的反应。

3.根据《自然神经科学》杂志的报道,那些在夏天的光照条件下成长起来的老鼠像往常一样作息,而那些在缺少光线的环境中成长起来的老鼠在应对这一变化时却显得吃力。研究者道格拉斯•麦克马洪教授说:“在冬天的光照周期中成长起来的老鼠对于季节的变化表现出夸大的反应,这和得了季节性情感抑郁症的人类病患的反应极其相似。”

【答案】1.Beingborninthesummercouldgiveyouasunnydispositionforlife.Andawinterbirthdaymightcastapermanentshadowoveryourhappiness,scientistsbelieve.

2.Someratsweregivensummerconditionsof16hoursoflightandeighthoursofdarknessperday.Othershadonlyeighthoursofdailylight,tomimictheshortdaysofwinter.

3.Thoserearedinsummerconditionskepttoadailyroutine,butthosebroughtupinlittlelightstruggledtocopewiththechange,thejournalNatureNeurosciencereports.

9.单选题

Ofallthingsintheworld,Imostdislikefillingupforms;infact,Ihavea(1)horrorofit.Applyingforadrivinglicense,

(2)

foraneveningcourse,bookingaholidayabroad—everythingnowadaysseemstoinvolve

(3)informationaboutone’spersonallifeandhabitsthathaslittleornothingtodowiththematter

(4)hand.Whenapplyingforajob,itmaybe

(5)someobscureinteresttoa

(6)employertolearnthatIcollectstampsorhadmeaslesasachild,butwhy

(7)heconceivablywanttoknowthatmyfatherwasatobacconistwhodiedin1988?

Theauthoritieswho(8)onetofillupforms,frequentlydemandanswerstoquestionsthatonewouldhesitatetoput

(9)one’sintimatefriends.Theworstofitisthat,when(10)

withsuchquestions,mymindgoesblank.HaveIeversufferedfromaseriousillness?Mymotheralways

(11)

meIwas“delicate”.DoIsufferfromanypersonaldefects?Well,Iwear(12)lensesandmyupperteetharenotmyown,butperhapstheword“defects”

(13)

tomycharacter.AmIsupposedto

(14)thatIlikegamblingandfinditdifficulttogetupinthemorning?

(15)ofthemaretrue.

Ofall,Ithinkjobapplicationsarethe

(16).“Education’’--previousexperience-postheld——give

(17).Terrifiedbytheawfulwarningaboutfalse

(18)whichappearsatthebottomoftheform,IstruggletorememberwhatexamsIpassedandhowlongIworkedforwhatfirms.(19)hardItry,therealwaysseemstobeayearortwoforwhichIcannotsatisfactorilyaccountandwhichIamcertain,ifleft(20),willgivetheimpressionthatIwasinprisonorengagedinsomeoccupationtoodubioustomention.

问题1选项

A.positive

B.negative

C.mild

D.slight

问题2选项

A.attending

B.registering

C.inviting

D.working

问题3选项

A.given

B.togive

C.giving

D.havinggiven

问题4选项

A.by

B.in

C.at

D.to

问题5选项

A.by

B.with

C.about

D.of

问题6选项

A.prospective

B.coming

C.existing

D.on-going

问题7选项

A.need

B.may

C.should

D.did

问题8选项

A.bid

B.invite

C.request

D.require

问题9选项

A.to

B.for

C.upwith

D.with

问题10选项

A.toconfront

B.confronted

C.confronting

D.beingconfronted

问题11选项

A.ensured

B.insured

C.assured

D.reassured

问题12选项

A.contact

B.sightless

C.contacting

D.nearsighted

问题13选项

A.agrees

B.connects

C.relates

D.applies

问题14选项

A.decline

B.deny

C.admit

D.reject

问题15选项

A.Neither

B.Both

C.None

D.Either

问题16选项

A.best

B.easiest

C.poorest

D.worst

问题17选项

A.days

B.dates

C.offers

D.suggestions

问题18选项

A.declarations

B.witness

C.publications

D.announcements

问题19选项

A.But

B.Therefore

C.Though

D.However

问题20选项

A.vacant

B.empty

C.blank

D.unwritten

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:A

第13题:D

第14题:C

第15题:B

第16题:D

第17题:B

第18题:A

第19题:D

第20题:C

【解析】(1)考查形容词词义辨析。positive“积极的;真实的”;negative“消极的”;mild“温和的”;slight“轻微的”。空格处前面内容提到“世界上所有事物中,我最不喜欢的就是填表”,并且提到了原因,对填表有恐惧(horror),四个选项中,选项Apositive有“真实的”意思,“真实的恐惧”符合前后文情境,因此符合题意。

(2)考查动词词义辨析。attend“参加”;register“注册”;invite“邀请”;work“工作”。根据空格处后面的关键词eveningcourse“晚间课程”可以知道是“注册课程”,因此选项B符合题意。

(3)考查固定搭配。involvedoingsth.“涉及做某事”,因此可以排除选项A与B;由前面的“applying”,”booking”等可知此处不需要用完成时,所以选项C符合题意。

(4)考查词组辨析。空格处所在句子的大意是:现在几乎每处都需要提供关于个人生活和习惯的信息,而这些信息跟手头上的事情没有什么关系。inhand“手头上的”,所以选项B符合题意。

(5)考查固定搭配。beofinterestto“对……是有意义的,对……有趣的”。选项D符合题意。

(6)考查同义词词义辨析。prospective“未来的,预期的”;coming“即将发生的”;existing“目前的,现存的”;on-going“正在进行的,继续的”。从whenapplyingforajob可知是在“申请工作”,那么面对的是“将来的雇主”,选项A符合题意。

(7)考查should的用法。should常用在以why,how开头的疑问句中,因此选项C符合题意。

(8)考查动词词义辨析。bid“投标,出价”;invite“邀请,招待”;request“要求,请求”;require“要求,命令”。request是有礼貌的要求,而require有种强迫的意味,从后文的demand处可以看出require符合题意。

(9)考查固定搭配。putsth.tosb.“把(观点、建议)等告诉某人”,选项A符合题意。

(10)考查分词短语的用法。分词短语可以相当于一个时间状语,表示在做某事的过程中,发生某事或做某事。“面对问题”在文中是被动含义,表示作者是被迫来面对这样一些不愿意回答的问题,因此,应该用when+过去分词,选项B符合题意,如果是主动含义,则用现在分词。

(11)考查动词词义辨析。ensure“确保”,ensuresth,/that;insure“投保”;assure“保证;担保”,assuresb.ofsth.或者assuresb.(that);reassure“使安心”。根据后文Iwas“delicate”可知,此处省略了that,选项C符合题意。

(12)考查固定搭配。contactlenses“隐形眼镜”,选项A符合题意。

(13)考查动词词义辨析。agree“同意”;connect“联系”;relate“相关”;apply“申请;使用”,applyto“适用于”。空格处所在句子的大意是:我戴着隐形眼镜,补着牙齿,但是也许“缺陷”这个词适用于我的性格。因此选项D符合题意。

(14)考查动词词义辨析。decline“下降;婉拒”;deny“否认”;admit“承认”;reject“拒绝”。空格处所在句子的大意是:我是不是会被猜测应该承认自己爱赌博,早上起不来呢?选项C符合题意。

(15)考查主谓一致。根据be动词are可以判断空格处应该填B,其他选项后面应该使用单数形式。

(16)考查逻辑关系。根据后面的“terrified”这个单词,可以推断出在作者眼里,找工作是件糟糕的事情,选项D符合题意。

(17)考查名词词义辨析。day“一天”;date“日期”;offer“提议;出价;录取通知书”。该句讲述作者在填写表格里“教育”这一栏,需要提供具体日期,选项B符合题意。

(18)考查名词词义辨析。declaration“宣布,公告,声明”;witness“证人,目击者”;publication“出版物,发表”:announcement“公告,宣告”。空格处所在句子的大意是:被表格底部那些如果填写错误声明吓到了的我,拼命去回想我之前通过了哪些考试,在哪些公司上过班。选项A符合题意。

(19)考查逻辑连词。前面提到拼命回想以前的经历,空格处后提到还是有一年或者两年的经历不太确定,两者是转折关系,因此选项D符合题意。

(20)考查固定搭配。leaveblank“留空格”,选项C符合题意。

10.单选题

Thereareactuallymanyconvincingreasonstousenaturalproducts,eventheregularhealthproductsarefilledwithchemicals.Allofthoseexcessivechemicalsdoalotharmtoyourbody.

问题1选项

A.persuasive

B.confident

C.obedient

D.concrete

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项persuasive“有说服力的;劝诱的,劝说的”;B选项confident“自信的;确信的”;C选项obedient“顺从的,服从的;孝顺的”;D选项concrete“混凝土的;实在的,具体的;有形的”。句意:事实上,使用天然产品有很多令人信服的理由,即使是普通的保健品也充满了化学物质。所有这些过量的化学物质都对你的身体有害。。结合此处关键词convincing“令人信服的;有说服力的”,得知A选项正确。

11.单选题

By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.

TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigressfromtheattentionsofothermales.

Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.

FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80’s),butIndia’shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsarereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedtothehostility.

21.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo______.

22.Studieshaveshownthat______.

23.Accordingtothepassage,atiger’sterritory______.

24.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger______.

25.Theauthorseems______.

问题1选项

A.studythegrowthrateoftigers

B.protecttigersfrombeingkilled

C.promotethebreedingofyoungtigers

D.analyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers

问题2选项

A.atigressneverattacksuntilattacked

B.thetigressisnotasfierceasthetigers

C.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory

D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed

问题3选项

A.remainsunchanged

B.isoftendefendedbytigresses

C.expandsasthetigergrowsup

D.isthecauseofmostfights

问题4选项

A.hasbeencarriedtoofar

B.hasnotreceivedenoughattention

C.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoal

D.isnotworththemoneyspentonit

问题5选项

A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTiger

B.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTiger

C.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTiger

D.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTiger

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】21.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“老虎计划的最终目标是……”。定位文章第一段,该段讲述了老虎数量锐减,最后提到ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserveswerecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.(世界自然基金会资助的老虎项目立即启动。建立了9个老虎保护区,有武装警卫保护它们。),可推知老虎被捕杀是其数量剧减的根本原因,因此使老虎免于被杀是野生动物保护基金会的最终目的。B项“保护老虎不被杀害”正确。A项“研究老虎的生长速度”和C项“促进幼虎的繁殖”没提到,属于无中生有。D项“分析老虎的行为模式”在第二段有提及,定位第一句TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.(该项目为来自印度和国外的研究人员提供了研究保护区老虎的机会,并收集了以前无法获得的关于老虎习性的信息)可知,该项并不是这个老虎项目的目标,而是其有利之处,属于张冠李戴。因此,该题选择B项。

22.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“研究表明……”。定位第三段第二句Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.(但研究表明老虎捕捉猎物的成功率仅为1/20)可知,老虎捕捉猎物的成功率很低,所以D项“老虎并不是通常所说的高效的猎手”正确。A项“母老虎在受到攻击之前从不攻击”和B项“母老虎不像其他老虎那样凶猛”没有提到,属于无中生有。定位第二段倒数第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.(但它会根据其他老虎独特的身体气味,尽量避免争夺地盘)可知,C项“一只老虎通常与另一只老虎搏斗以保卫自己的领土”与原文相反,属于反向干扰。因此,该题选择D项。

23.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“根据文章,老虎的领地……”。定位第二段第二句Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.(研究表明,根据年龄、体型和力量,雄性老虎可以控制10到20平方公里的狩猎区域),以及第三句Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritoriesofthreeorfourtigresses.(雄虎的领地包括三到四只雌虎的小领地)可知,一头雄老虎依年龄、体型及力量可以控制10至20公里的狩猎领地,随着老虎的长大,其体型及力量都在增大,其占领的狩猎领地的面积自然也就增大,C项“随着老虎的成长而扩大”正确。A项“保持不变”与原文相反,属于反向干扰。B项“通常由母老虎保护”没有提到,属于无中生有。定位第二段倒数第二句Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.(但它会根据其他老虎独特的身体气味,尽量避免争夺地盘)可知,D项“是大多数打架的原因”也是反向干扰。因此,该题选择C项。

24.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干意思是“有些人害怕老虎计划……”。定位最后一段第一句FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.(最近人们开始担心“老虎计划”太成功了),toosuccessful与A项中的carriedtoofar是同样的意思,所以A项“做得太过火”正确。B项“没有得到足够的重视”和C项“没有实现它的目标”与原文相反,属于反向干扰。D项“不值得花这么多钱”没提到,属于无中生有。因此,该题选择A项。

25.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】观点态度题。题干意思是“作者看起来……”。纵观全文,作者对于老虎保护项目没有加入个人的主观色彩,也没有描述主观情感的词语,所以他持的是一种客观的态度。B项“对老虎计划采取实事求是的态度”符合题意。A项“对老虎计划充满热情”、C项“对老虎计划持敌对态度”和D项“对老虎计划感到满意”都是曲解原文。因此,该题选择B项。

12.单选题

Igrewupinmyparents'pubinEnglandwheretherewasalwaysalotofdrama,andallthedrama—fights,flirting,tears,tantrums—revolvedaroundlove.Ialsowatchedmyparentsdestroytheirownloveforeachother.SincethattimeI'vebeenonamissiontofigureoutexactlywhatloveis.Mymotherdescribeditas“afunnyfiveminutes.”It'salsobeencalledamysteriousmixofsentimentandsex,oracombinationofinfatuationandcompanionship.Well,it'smorethanthat.

Mypersonalinsights,gleanedfromresearchingandcounselingmorethanathousandcouplesover35years,havenowmergedwithagrowingbodyofscientificstudies,tothepointwhereIcannowsaywithconfidencethatweknowwhatloveis.It'sintuitiveandyetnotnecessarilyobvious:It'sthecontinualsearchforabasic,secureconnectionwithsomeoneelse.Throughthisbond,partnersinlovebecomeemotionallydependentoneachotherfornurturing,soothing,andprotection.

Wehaveawired——inneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothers.It'sasurvivalresponse,thedrivingforceofthebondofsecurityababyseekswithitsmother.Thisobservationisattheheartofattachmenttheory.Agreatdealofevidenceindicatesthattheneedforsecureattachmentneverdisappears;itevolvesintotheadultneedforasecureemotionalbondwithapartner.Thinkofhowamotherlovinglygazesatherbaby,justastwoloversstareintoeachother'seyes.

Althoughourculturehasframeddependencyasabadthing,aweakness,itisnotbeingattachedtosomeoneprovidesourgreatestsenseofsecurityandsafety.Itmeansdependingonapartnertorespondwhenyoucall,toknowthatyoumattertohimorher,thatyouarecherished,andthathewillrespondtoyouremotionalneeds.

Themostbasictenetofattachmenttheoryisthatisolation——notjustphysicalisolationbutemotionalisolation——istraumatizingforhumanbeings.Thebrainactuallycodesitasdanger.GloriaSteinemoncesaidawomanneedsamanlikeafishneedsabicycle.That'snonsense.

ThedramaoflovethatIsawplayedoutatthebareachnightasachildisallaboutthehumanhungerforsafeemotionalconnection,asurvivalimperativeweexperiencefromthecradletothegrave.Oncewedofeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner,wecantoleratethehurtstheywillinevitablyinflictuponusinthecourseofdailylife.

1.Theword“drama”(line1&2,paragraph1)canbebestreplacedby().

2.Wecaninferthat

().

3.Theneedforemotionalcontactandresponsivenessfromsignificantothersis().

4.Accordingtotheauthor,().

5.Thispassage().

6.WecaninferthattheBritishculture().

7.Accordingtotheauthor,therehasbeenagreatdealofevidencethattheneedforsecureemotionalattachmentis().

8.Whenwefeelsafelylinkedwithourpartner().

问题1选项

A.highlyemotionalevents

B.dramaticworksperformedonastage

C.literaryworksactedonastage

D.dramaticarguments

问题2选项

A.theaut

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