考研考博-英语-太湖创意职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-太湖创意职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Hospitals,hopingtocurbmedicalerror,haveinvestedheavilytoputcomputers,smartphonesandotherdevicesintothehandsofmedicalstaffforinstantaccesstopatientdata,druginformationandcasestudies.

Butlikemanycures,thissolutionhascomewithanunintendedsideeffect:doctorsandnursescanbefocusedonthescreenandnotthepatient,evenduringmomentsofcriticalcare.Apollshowedthathalfofmedicaltechnicianshadadmittedtextingduringaprocedure.

Thisphenomenonhassetoffanintensifyingdiscussionathospitalsandmedicalschoolsaboutaproblemperhapsbestdescribedas“distracteddoctoring.”Inresponse,somehospitalshavebegunlimitingtheuseofelectronicdevicesincriticalsettings,whileschoolshavestartedremindingmedicalstudentstofocusonpatientsinsteadofdevices.

“Youjustifycarryingdevicesaroundthehospitaltodomedicalrecords,butyoucansurftheInternetordoFacebook,andsometimesFacebookismoretempting,”saidDr.PeterPapadakosattheUniversityofRochesterMedicalCenter.

“Mygutfeelingislivesareindanger,”saidDr.Papadakos.“We’renoteducatingpeopleabouttheproblem,andit’sgettingworse.”

Asurveyof439medicaltechniciansfoundthat55percentoftechnicianswhomonitorbypassmachinesacknowledgedthattheyhadtalkedoncellphonesduringheartsurgery.Halfsaidtheyhadtextedwhileinsurgery.Thestudyconcluded,“Suchdistractionshavethepotentialtobedisastrous.”

Medicalprofessionalshavealwaysfacedinterruptionsfromcellphones,andmultitaskingissimplyafactoflifeformanymedicaljobs.Whathaschanged,saydoctors,especiallyyoungerones,isthattheyfaceincreasingpressuretointeractwiththeirdevices.

Thepressurestemsfromamantraofmodernmedicinethatpatientcaremustbe“datadriven,”andinformedbythelatest,instantlyaccessibleinformation.Bymanyaccounts,thetechnologyhashelpedreducemedicalerrorbyprovidinginstantaccesstopatientdataorprescriptiondetails.

Dr.PeterCarmel,presidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,saidtechnology“offersgreatpotentialinhealthcare,”butheaddedthatdoctors’firstpriorityshouldbewiththepatient.

31.Whydohospitalsequiptheirstaffwithcomputers,smartphonesandotherdevices?

32.Whatdoestheauthorrefertoby“distracteddoctoring”?

33.WhatdoesDr.PeterPapadakosworryabout?

34.Whydodoctorsfeelincreasingpressuretousemoderndevices?

35.WhatisPeterCarmel’sadvicetodoctors?

问题1选项

A.Tofacilitateadministration.

B.Tocopewithemergencies.

C.Toreducemedicalerror.

D.Tosimplifymedicalprocedures.

问题2选项

A.Thedisservicedonebymoderndevicestodoctors,nurses,aswellaspatients.

B.Theproblemofdevicespreventingdoctorsfromfocusingontheirpatients.

C.Thetendencyofmedicalinstitutionsencouragingtheuseofmoderndevices.

D.Thephenomenonofmedicalstaffattendingtopersonalaffairswhileworking.

问题3选项

A.Medicalstudentsarenotadequatelytrainedtousemoderntechnology.

B.Doctorsarerelyingtooheavilyonmodernelectronictechnology.

C.Doctors’interactionwiththeirdevicesmayendangerpatients’lives.

D.Pressuresonthemedicalprofessionmaybecomeoverwhelming.

问题4选项

A.Patientstrustdoctorswhousemoderntechnology.

B.Useofmoderndevicesaddstohospitalsrevenues.

C.Patients’datahastoberevisedfromtimetotime.

D.Dataisgiventoomuchimportanceinpatientcare.

问题5选项

A.Theyfocustheirattentiononthepatient’scondition.

B.Theyfollowcloselytheadvancesinmedicalscience.

C.Theyobservehospitalrulesandregulations.

D.Theymakethebestuseofmoderndevices.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】31.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。由题干定位到文章中第一段“Hospitals,hopingtocurbmedicalerror,haveinvestedheavilytoputcomputers,smartphonesandotherdevicesintothehandsofmedicalstaffforinstantaccesstopatientdata,druginformationandcasestudies.为了遏制医疗失误，医院投入巨资将电脑、智能手机和其他设备交给医务人员，以便即时获取患者数据、药品信息和案例研究。”可知C项“减少医疗事故。”正确。A项“方便行政管理。”；B项“应付紧急情况。”；C项“减少医疗事故。”；D项“简化医疗程序。”，因此C选项正确。

32.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】例证题。按题干定位词“distracteddoctoring”定位在第三段。而distracteddoctoring所描述的是第三段首句的“thisphenomenon”，讲的是第二段中所例证的phenomenon，所以答案往上一段找。第二段首句举例说明了随之而来的“sideeffect”——“doctorsandnursescanbefocusedonthescreenandnotthepatient”“admittedtextingduringaprocedure”，可见作者通过说“distracteddoctoring”是想说明devices的“sideeffect”，即B选项。

33.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。由题干定位到文章中的第六段“Asurveyof439medicaltechniciansfoundthat55percentoftechnicianswhomonitorbypassmachinesacknowledgedthattheyhadtalkedoncellphonesduringheartsurgery.Halfsaidtheyhadtextedwhileinsurgery.Thestudyconcluded,‘Suchdistractionshavethepotentialtobedisastrous.’一项对439名医疗技术人员的调查发现，55%监控心脏搭桥机的技术人员承认，他们在心脏手术期间用手机通话。一半的人说他们在手术时发过短信。该研究总结道：‘这种干扰有可能带来灾难性的后果。’”可知C项“医生与设备的互动可能会危及患者的生命。”正确。A项“医学生在使用现代技术方面没有得到充分的训练。”；B项“医生们过于依赖现代电子技术。”；C项“医生与设备的互动可能会危及患者的生命。”；D项“医学专业的压力可能变得势不可挡。”，因此C选项正确。

34.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】因果题。题干信息问的是“why”原因，因此要确定找到定位点附近的因果词，判断孰因孰果选出答案。根据题干“increasingpressure”定位在文章第七段最后一行最后一句“especiallyyoungerones,isthattheyfaceincreasingpressuretointeractwiththeirdevices.”根据金三句原则——定位句本身以及前句和后句，找到第八段首句“Thepressurestemsfrom”“这种压力源于……”即答案在这个后面。“Thepressurestemsfromamantraofmodernmedicinethatpatientcaremustbe‘datadriven,’andinformedbythelatest,instantlyaccessibleinformation.”因此D选项正确。

35.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。由题干定位到文章最后一段中的最后一句“butheaddedthatdoctors’firstpriorityshouldbewiththepatient.但他补充说，医生的首要任务应该是照顾患者。”可知A项“他们把注意力集中在病人的病情上。”正确。A项“他们把注意力集中在病人的病情上。”；B项“他们密切关注医学科学的进展。”；C项“他们遵守医院的规章制度。”；D项“他们充分利用现代设备。”，因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Look,（）inhisusualT-shirt.

问题1选项

A.heredoesHenrycome

B.herecomesHenry

C.hereHenrycomes

D.comeshereHenry

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒装句。表示地点、时间和方向的副词放在句首时，句子使用完全倒装，句意：看！罗宾来了，穿着往常的T恤衫。所以本题B选项正确。

3.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat_______thespeakersstoppedfordeferments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atintervals

C.atease

D.atrandom

【答案】B

【解析】atlarge详尽的,整个的;atintervals不时,时时;atease安逸,自由自在;atrandom随机地,随意地。句意：讨论时间持续了很久,使人精疲力竭,发言者时不时停下来拖延时间。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Beforewemove,weshould（

）someoftheoldfurniture,sothatwecanhavemoreroominthenewhouse.

问题1选项

A.cancel

B.conceal

C.discard

D.retain

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。cancel“取消”；conceal“隐藏”；discard“丢弃”；retain“保持”。句意：我们搬家前，我们应该丢弃一些老家具，以便于我们能够为新房子腾出更多空间。选项C符合题意。

5.单选题

Iaskedhimforajob（

）theimpressionthathewastheheadofthefirm,buthewasn’t.

问题1选项

A.with

B.under

C.in

D.of

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。undertheimpressionthat意为“认为觉得”句意：我以为他是公司的领导，所以要求他给我提供一份工作，但他不是。选项B正确。

6.单选题

Animportantnewindustry,oilrefining,grewaftertheCivilWar.Crudeoil,orpetroleum——adark,thickooze(渗出物)fromtheearthhadbeenknownforhundredsofyears.Butlittleusehadeverbeenmadeofit.Inthe1850'sSamuelM.Kier,amanufactureinwesternPennsylvania,begancollectingtheoilfromlocalseepageandrefiningitintokerosene.Refining,likesmelting,isaprocessofremovingimpuritiesfromarawmaterial.

Kerosenewasusedtolightlamps.Itwasacheapsubstituteforwhaleoil,whichwasbecominghardertoget.Soontherewasalargedemandforkerosene.Peoplebegantosearchfornewsuppliesofpetroleum.

ThefirstoilwellwasdrilledbyE.L.Drake,aretiredrailroadconductor.In1859hebegandrillinginTitusville,Pennsylvania,Thewholeventureseemedsoimpracticalandfoolishthatonlookerscalledit’’Drake’sFolly”.Butwhenhehaddrilleddownabout70feet(21meters)Drakestruckoil.Hiswellbegantoyield20barrelsofcrudeoiladay.

NewsofDrake'ssuccessbroughtoilprospectorstothescene.Bytheearly1860'sthesewildcattersweredrillingfor"blackgold”alloverwesternPennsylvania.TheboomrivaledtheCaliforniagoldrushof1848initsexcitementandWildWestatmosphere.Anditbroughtfarmorewealthtotheprospectorsthananygoldrush.

Crudeoilcouldberefinedintomanyproducts.Forsomeyearskerosenecontinuedtobetheprincipalone.Itwassoldingrocerystoresanddoor-to-door.Inthe1880'sand189(Tsrefinerslearnedhowtomakeotherproductssuchaswaxesandlubricatingoils.Petroleumwasnotthenusedtomakegasolineorheatingoil.

1.Accordingtothepassage,manypeopleinitiallythoughtthatE.L.Drakehadmadeamistake（

）

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatis"blackgold"?

3.WhydoestheauthormentiontheCaliforniagoldrush?

4.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingaspossibleproductsofcrudeoilEXCEPT（

）.

5.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

问题1选项

A.movingtoPennsylvania

B.retiringfromhisjob

C.searchingforoil

D.goingonawhalingexpedition

问题2选项

A.goldore

B.stolenmoney

C.whaleoil

D.crudeoil

问题3选项

A.ToindicatetheextentofUnitedStatesmineralwealth.

B.Toarguethatgoldwasmorevaluablethanoil

C.Todescribethemoodwhenoilwasfirstdiscovered

D.Toexplaintheneedforanincreasedsupplyofgold

问题4选项

A.gasoline

B.kerosene

C.wax

D.plastic

问题5选项

A.OilRefining:AHistoricalPerspective.

B.KeroseneLamps:AlightintheTunnel.

C.TheCaliforniaGoldRush:GetRichQuickly.

D.PrivateProperty:TrespasserswillBeProsecuted.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第三段In1859hebegandrillinginTitusville,Pennsylvania,Thewholeventureseemedsoimpracticalandfoolishthatonlookerscalledit”Drake’sFolly'1859年，他开始在宾西法尼亚州的提特斯维尔钻探石油，整个计划看起来既不切实际又愚蠢，旁观者称之为“德雷克的愚蠢”。说明了人们对找油田的时表示怀疑和嘲讽。C选项符合题意。

2.文章第三段第二行很明显指出黑金指的就是石油，D选项正确。

3.根据文章倒数第二段最后一行TheboomrivaledtheCaliforniagoldrushof1848initsexcitementandWildWestatmosphere.Anditbroughtfarmorewealthtotheprospectorsthananygoldrush.这场繁荣在其兴奋和狂野的西部氛围上堪比1848年的加利福尼亚淘金热。它给勘探者带来的财富远远超过淘金热。确定C选项‘描述石油首次被发现时的心情’正确。

4.A,B,C选项文章都有描述，D选项‘塑料’在文中没有涉及，所以答案为D。

5.全文主要论述了石油冶炼的相关事情，包括在加利福尼亚西部钻油等历史。所以A选项符合题意。

7.问答题

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addoword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark()intherightplaceand-writethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.brand改成brands

2.distinguish改成differ

3.manufacturer改成manufacturer's

4.at改成in

5.much改成little

6.to改成with

7.their改成its

8.unpleasant改成pleasant

9.need改成needs

10.advertised改成advertising

【解析】1.词汇错误—单复数。根据前面的“severaldifferent很多不同的”可知，此处的brand应该是复数名词，故应该是brands“品牌”。

2.搭配错误。distinguishAfromB表示“区分A和B”，但是，此处表示“两者差别不大，两者没有什么不同”，因此，根据搭配应该为：differfrom“与……不同”。

3.语法错误—比较结构平行关系。此处是比较两个“manufacturer’stoothpaste厂商的牙好”，因此，后面的manufacture应该加上“s”的所有格，与前面保持一致，即需要体现比较对象“牙膏”。

4.固定搭配。varyin在…方面变化；在…方面有差异。

5.词汇错误—程度形容词。该处句意为:这些因素使得店家没有太多理由去选择某一种商品。故much应该改成little才符合句意。

6.固定搭配。beconfrontedwith面对。

7.代词错误。主语是“eachmanufacturingcompany”,而后文的代词指的就是“每个生产公司”，故代词应该用单数，即its。

8.词汇错误—形容词。前文谈及两种广告类型，目的是吸引买者或潜在买者，因此，此处应该是用“somethingpleasant愉快的东西”来吸引买者。

9.语法错误—主谓一致。因为该句主语是one,所以，谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数，即needs。

10.词汇误用。advertised是过去分词，而此处是形容词修饰strategy；因此，应该是advertising“广告（业）的”，表示“广告策略”。

8.单选题

Fromhisdirections,itshouldn'tbedifficultto（

）thebeachhouseinthemap,eventhoughyouhaveneverbeentherebefore.

问题1选项

A.determine

B.locate

C.unearth

D.ascertain

【答案】B

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。determine“确定某事物，决定”；locate“找出;使坐落于”；unearth“发掘，掘出”；ascertain“确定，查明”。句意：根据他的指示，你不难在地图上找到那栋海滨别墅的地点，即使你从来没有去过那个地方。

9.单选题

RussianandNorwegianscientistshavereportedfindingstoneobjectsandanimalbonesinthefarnorthofEuropeanRussia.Thescientistssaytheobjectsprovidethefirstevidencethatancienthunterslivedintheareamorethan30thousandyearsago.Theysaythisisatleast15thousandyearsearlierthanexpertshadthought.

TheRussianandNorwegianteamworkedatacampalongtheUsaRiverandtheArcticCircle.Thescientistssaytheyfoundseveralancientstonetools.Theyalsofound123bonesfromanimalssuchashorses,reindeerandwolves.

Thescientistssaytheirmostimportantdiscoverywasatuskfromanancientelephantcalledamammoth（猛码）.Thehuge,curvedtoothwasmorethan1meterlong.Thetuskiscoveredwithsmallcuts.Thescientistsbelievehumansmadethemarkswithsharp-edgedstonetools.

Thescientistsusedaprocessknownasradiocarbon（放射性碳）datingtomeasuretheageofthetusk.Radiocarbondatingshowsthelevelofaradioactiveformofcarboninasubstance.Thetestsshowedthetuskisabout36thousandyearsold.

Thescientistssaytheyarenotsurewhatkindofhumansleftthestoneobjectsandbonesalongtheriver.TheysaidthepeoplewereeitherearlyhumanscalledNeanderthals（穴居人）ormodernhumans.

ModemhumansspreadthroughEuropeandAsia30thousandyearsago.Thescientistssaytheancientpeopleneededahighlevelofsocialdevelopmenttosurviveintheextremelycoldenvironment.

Theobjectswerediscoveredabout300kilometersnortheastofanotherareawherescientistssayhumansoncelived.Thatareahasobjectsmorecloselylinkedtomodemhumans.Thoseobjectsarebelievedtobeabout28thousandyearsold.

NaturemagazinealsopublishedareportbyJohnGowlettoftheUniversityofLiverpoolinEngland.Hesaidthediscoveryshowstheabilityofearlyhumanstodotheunexpected.Healsosaidthediscoveryshouldrenewdebateabouttheeffectsoftheclimateonthemovementsofearlyhumanpopulation.

1.BeforethefindingofstoneobjectsandanimalbonesinthenorthofEuropeanRussia,someexpertsthoughthumanbeingslivedinthatareaabout（

）.

2.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutthesignificanceofthisfindingEXCEPTthat

（

）.

3.Whichisthemostimportantdiscoveryamongthefindings?

4.Howoldisthetusk?About

（

）

yearsold.

5.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.10thousandyearsago

B.15thousandyearsago

C.28thousandyearsago

D.20thousandyearsago

问题2选项

A.itbringsforwardsthetimeinwhichancienthunterslivedinthearea

B.itprovidestheevidenceofahighlevelofancienthumansociety

C.itshowedtheunexpectedabilityoftheearlyhumans

D.itindicatestheeffectofclimateonthemovementofearlyhumanpopulation

问题3选项

A.Amammothtuskcoveredwithsmallcuts.

B.Ancientstonetools.

C.123bonesfromanimals.

D.Alongelephanttusk.

问题4选项

A.25thousand

B.28thousand

C.40thousand

D.36thousand

问题5选项

A.NewDiscoveryofAncientHumanBeings

B.EvidenceofAncientHunters

C.UnexpectedSurvivingAbilitiesofAncientHumanBeings

D.NewFindingsofAncientAnimals

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:判断推理题。根据第一段最后两句“Thescientistssaytheobjectsprovidethefirstevidencethatancienthunterslivedintheareamorethan30thousandyearsago.Theysaythisisatleast15thousandyearsearlierthanexpertshadthought.”科学家说，这些物体提供了第一手证据，证明古代猎人在3万多年前就生活在这个地区。他们说，这至少比专家们预想的早了1.5万年。由此可知，专家们预想的人类生活在这个地区的时间是在3万减去1.5万等于1.5万年以前，也就是15thousandyearsago，所以选项B正确。

第2题:判断推理题。根据倒数第三段的内容“Thescientistssaytheancientpeopleneededahighlevelofsocialdevelopmenttosurviveintheextremelycoldenvironment.”科学家们说，古人需要高度的社会发展才能在极端寒冷的环境中生存。由此可知，古代社会并没有高度发展所以选项B不正确。

第3题:细节事实题。根据关键词“mostimportantdiscovery”定位到第三段第一句“Thescientistssaytheirmostimportantdiscoverywasatuskfromanancientelephantcalledamammoth...Thetuskiscoveredwithsmallcuts...”科学家们表示，他们最重要的发现是一头名为猛犸象的古代大象的长牙。...长牙上有很多小切口。由此可知，选项A符合原文。

第4题:细节事实题。根据第四段最后一句“Thetestsshowedthetuskisabout36thousandyearsold.”测试显示，这只象牙大约有3.6万年的历史。选项D符合原文。

第5题:主旨大意题。原文第一段指出科学家在欧洲北部发现了很多有关古代猎人的证据，接下来的段落具体阐述和分析这些证据，最后得出结论，这些证据也体现了环境对早期人类迁徙的影响。由此可知，本文的主要内容是关于古代猎人的证据，选项B最为恰当。

10.单选题

问题1选项

A.Thelittleboyisrestlessandnaughty.

B.Themanwillhelptakecareofthelittleboy.

C.Thewomanhastospendthedayinthelab.

D.Thewoman’ssonshouldnotstayinthelab.

【答案】D

【解析】9.W:Hi,Tony.Thisismyson,Philippe.Therewasaproblemwithhisdaycaretoday.He’llbespendingthedayhereinthelabwithme.I’llteachthemallaboutdoingresearch.

M:Well,I’mnotsurethisisagoodplaceforalittleboy.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干为：这个男人什么意思？由文中“He’llbespendingthedayhereinthelabwithme.（他今天会和我一起待在实验室里。）”和“Well,I’mnotsurethisisagoodplaceforalittleboy.（我不确定这个地方适合一个小男孩待着。）”，可知D选项“Thewoman’ssonshouldnotstayinthelab.（女士的孩子不应该带到实验室）”符合原文。A选项“小男孩又好动又淘气”；B选项“这个男人会帮助照顾这个小男孩”；C选项“女人不得不整天待在实验室里”不符合原文。

11.单选题

Whenpeoplearcstruckbylightening,theyfalltothegroundasthoughtheywerestruckbyasevereblowtotheheaD.Aftertheshocktheymayremainunconscious,becomesemiconsciousorbeconsciousbutconfusedanddazed,atleastforatime.Flashesoflightmaycontinuepassingbeforetheireyes,andblindnessanddeafnessmayfollow.Thenervoussystemmaybebadlyaffected,causingparalysis,paininthelimbsandevenhemorrhage.Therewillbebumswherethelighteningpassedthroughthebody,andlikeallelectricalbums,theyareoftendeepandsevere.

Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.Donotbeafraidtotouchthevictim.Youwon'tgetashock.ThelighteninghasalreadybeengroundeD.Rememberthatspeedisofthegreatestimportanceinseverecases.

Thefirstthingtodoistoloosentightclothingaboutthethroatandwaist.Thencleartheairpassagesofmucus(黏液)ifpresent,andapplyartificialrespirationifnecessary.Givemouth-mouthresuscitationifneeded,orgiveoxygenifavailable.ManyvictimsthoughtIobedeadhavebeenrevivedaftertreatment.

Sendsomeoneforadoctorassoonaspossible,butdon'tleavethevictimalone.Ifadoctorisnotavailable,takethepersontoahospitalassoonasthepersoncanbesafelymoved.

Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.Totreatshock,youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeetandcoverhimorherwithablanketbutwatchoutforoverheating.Givingastimulatinghotteaorcoffeewillhelp,butonlyifthepatientisthoroughlyconscious.

Afterbreathinghasbeenrestoredandshockistreated,treatthebums.Applysomesalveandcoverthemwithacleanclothorasteriledressing.Ifconscious,thepatientwillbebadlyfrightened,sodoallyoucantoreassure.Alittleknowledgeandahelpinghandmaysavesomeone'slife.

1.Thepassagemainlytalksabout（）.

2.Accordinglothepassage,allthefollowingaresignsofshockexcept（）.

3.Itcanbeguessedfromthepassagethat（）.

4.Theword"salve"inline2ofthelastparagraphmostlikelymeans（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingmustnotbedonewhiletreatingshock?

问题1选项

A.whichmetalsconductelectricitybest

B.wheretogoinathunderstorm

C.howtotreatsomeonestruckbylightening

D.howtomakemouth-to-mouthresuscitation

问题2选项

A.abnormalfever

B.coldskin

C.irregularbreathing

D.rapidpulse

问题3选项

A.manycampersandhuntersarestruckbylightening

B.carsareconvenientforoutdooractivities

C.electricshockdoeslittleharmtothehumanbody

D.onlyprofessionalnursesanddoctorsareallowedtogivefirstaid

问题4选项

A.sponge

B.bandage

C.ointment

D.liquid

问题5选项

A.Givingthepatientacupofhottea.

B.Makingthepatientliewiththefeetlowerthanthehead.

C.Coveringthebumswithasteriledressing.

D.Applyingartificialrespiration

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.结合全文内容可知，本文主要是讲述如何治疗被闪电击中的人。

2.根据第五段的第一句“Signsofshockare:pale,cold,stickyskin;weak,rapidpulse;shallow,irregularbreathingor,inextremecases,nobreathingatall.”可知，只有选项A不属于休克的症状，所以本题选A。

3.根据第二段的第一句“Allpersons,especiallycampersandhunters,shouldknowhowtogivefirstaidtosomeonewhohasbeenstruckbylightening.”所有人，尤其是露营者和猎人，都应该知道如何对被闪电击中的人进行急救。由此可推断，露营者和猎人最容易遇到被闪电击中的情况，所以选项A正确。

4.根据常识，被雷电击中后会被烧伤，烧伤之后当然要涂抹一些药膏，所以这里的“salve”指药膏，只有选项C与之意思相近。

5.根据原文可知，选项B对应文中的“youmustkeepthepatientlyingdownwiththeheadlowerthanthefeet”，但与原文表述相反，因此选择B选项。

12.单选题

Doweneedlawsthatpreventusfromrunningriskswithourlives?Ifso,thenperhapslawsareneededprohibitingthesaleofcigarettesandalcoholicdrinks.Bothproductshavebeenknowntokillpeople.Thehazardsofdrinkingtoomuchalcoholareasbadasorworsethanthehazardsofsmokingtoomanycigarettes.Allrightthen,let’spassalawclosingtheliquorstoresandthebarsinthiscountry.Let’sputanendonceandforalltotheruinousdiseasefromwhichasmanyas10millionAmericanscurrentlysufferalcoholism.

Butwait,we’vealreadytriedthat.For13years,between1920and1933,therewerenoliquorstoresanywhereintheUnitedStates.TheywereshutdownabolishedbyanamendmenttotheConstitution(the18th)andbyalawofCongress(theVolsteadAct).AfterJanuary20,1920,therewassupposedtobenomoremanufacturing,selling,ortransportingof“intoxicatingliquor”.Withoutanymoreliquor,peoplecouldnotdrinkit,andiftheydidnotdrinkit,howcouldtheygetdrunk?Therewouldbenomoredangerstothepublicwelfarefromdrunkennessandalcoholism.Itwasallverylogical.Andyetprohibitionofliquor,beer,andwinedidnotwork.Why?

Because,lawornolaw,millionsofpeoplestilllikedtodrinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotakerisksofgettingit.Theywerenotabouttochangetheirtastesandhabitsjustbecauseofachangeinthelaw.Andgangsofliquorsmugglersmadeiteasytobuyanillegaldrink.TheysmuggledmillionsofgallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianandMexicanboarders.DrinkerswereluckytoknowofanillegalbarthatservedMexicanorCanadianliquor.Crimeanddrunkennesswerebothsupposedtodeclineasaresultofprohibition;insteadpeopledrankmorealcoholthanever—oftenpoisonedalcohol.

OnDecember5,1933,theyrepealedprohibitionbyratifyingthe21stAmendmenttotheConstitution.

1.WhichofthefollowingwasNotacharacteristicreasonfortheproposalofthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitutionandtheVolsteadAct?

2.Duringprohibition,illegalalcoholwas（）

3.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,people（）

4.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,governmentofficialsassumedthat（）

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）

问题1选项

A.Therewouldbenofurtherdangertothepublicfromalcoholism.

B.Therewouldbeariseinthecostofalcoholicbeverages.

C.Withoutliquor,peoplewouldnotdrink.

D.Peoplewouldn’tbecomedrunkorcreateapublicnuisance.

问题2选项

A.soldopenly

B.nolongeratemptation

C.amajorfactorinthepassageoftheVolsteadAct

D.broughtacrosstheMexicanandCanadianborders

问题3选项

A.livedinfearofthelaw

B.werewillingtoriskofarrestingforthepleasureofliquor

C.recklesslyendangeredtheircommunities

D.wererespectfulofthelegalsanctionsplacedonthem

问题4选项

A.everyAmericanwouldbuyalcoholillegally

B.allcriminalactivitieswouldcease

C.patrolsoftheCanadianborderwouldhaltthesaleofalcohol

D.thesocialthreatfromdrunkennesswoulddecline

问题5选项

A.theCongresswaswisetorepealprohibition

B.theprohibitionwascharacterizedbyadecreaseincrimeanddrunkenness

C.duringprohibition,mostAmericansstopdrinking

D.lawsshouldbepassedtobanthesaleofalcoholbeverage

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段的内容可知,选项A、C、D在本段均有提及,只有选项B没有提及。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段的第五句“TheysmuggledmillionsofgallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianandMexicanboarders.”可知,非法酒类是通过墨西哥及加拿大的边境走私而来的,所以选项D符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第三段的一二句“lawornolaw,millionsofpeoplestilllikedtodrinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotakerisksofgettingit.”选项B符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段的最后一句“Crimeanddrunkennesswerebothsupposedtodeclineasaresultofprohibition；”禁酒的结果本应该是减少犯罪和酗酒。由此推断官员推行禁酒是希望酗酒对社会的威胁会有所下降,选项D符合原文。

5.判断推理题。根据第三段的最后一句“peopledrankmorealcoholthanever—oftenpoisonedalcohol.”有了禁令之后,人们喝得比以前更多了。因此在1933年12月5日废除了禁令,这一做法是明智的,选项A正确。

13.翻译题

我的导师是亚裔美国人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间内必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所待的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只有5人。

【答案】MysupervisorisofAsianorigin.Heisaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes,withairritabletemper.Nevertheless,hehighlyappreciatestheindustryandthesolidfoundationalknowledgeofAsianstudentsandhasaparticularlykeeninsightintowhatAsianstudentshaveontheirmind.Hence,ofallthestudentsrecruitedintohislaboratory,exceptforoneGerman,theotherfivewereallfromAsia.Heevenputaneye-catchingnoticeonthedoorofhislab,whichread,“Alltheresearchassistantsofthislaboratoryarerequiredtowork7daysaweek,from10:00a.m.to12:00p.m..Nothingbutworkduringtheworkinghours.”Thissupervisorisreputedontheentirecampusforhisseverityandharshness.Duringthe3andahalfyearsthatIstayedthere,atotalof14studentswererecruitedintohislaboratoryandonly5ofthemstayeduntiltheygraduatedwiththeirPh.D.degrees.

14.单选题

Inspiteofthe（

）economicforecasts,manufacturingoutputhasrisenslightly.

问题1选项

A.gloomy

B.miserable

C.shadowy

D.obscure

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词辨析。gloomy“惨淡”miserable“悲惨的，痛苦的”；shadowy“模糊的”；obscure“晦涩的，不清楚的”。inspiteof表示转折，句子意思为：尽管经济前景不景气，但是制造业的产量略有上涨。选项A符题意。

15.单选题

Forfearthatanewshoppingcenterwouldruinthepeaceofthecommunity,manyresidents（）theconstructionplan.

问题1选项

A.approved

B.countered

C.defended

D.opposed

【答案】D

【解析】近义词辨析。approved批准,认可;counter"反击,反驳",强调的是别人先做某个动作或者提出某种观点,自己再来反击或者驳斥;defended辩护;oppose"反对,反抗,对抗",可表不同程度的抵抗,用法和object接近,但oppose为及物动词,不需要介词。句意：由于担心新的购物中心会破坏社区的和平,许多居民反对这项建设计划。选项D正确。

16.单选题

3.

问题1选项

A.Itisfast.

B.Itisslow.

C.Itworkswell.

D.Itisnotworking.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Canthatclockberight,10:30?

M:Thatclockisalwaysoff.It’s11:05.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheclock?

【解析】细节题。从对话两个时间点可知，这个钟慢了。

17.单选题

Thereasonhewantstotakealeaveofabsenceis______.

问题1选项

A.becauseheisneedingacompleterest

B.becauseheneededacompleterest

C.thatheneedsacompleterest

D.becauseacompleterestis