考研考博-英语-嘉兴学院南湖学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-嘉兴学院南湖学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

ProfessorJohnsonissaid（）somesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyears.

问题1选项

A.making

B.havingmade

C.tomake

D.tohavemade

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。Sbissaid后接动词不定式，表示“据说某人”。用不定式的完成式表示已经发生的动作。此句相当于ItissaidthatProfessorJohnsonhasmadesomesignificantadvanceinhisresearchinthepastyear．句意：据说约翰逊教授去年在他的研究中取得了重大进展。故本题正确答案为D项。

2.单选题

FromChristianityandthebarbariankingdomsofthewestemergedthemedievalversionofpolitics_____inturnevolvedthepoliticsofourmodernworld.

问题1选项

A.fromwhich

B.ofwhich

C.onwhich

D.bywhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。fromwhich引导定语从句修饰medievalversionofpolitics;evolvefrom“由……进化，从……产生出”，正常语句为thepoliticsofourmodernworldevolvedfromwhich…

3.单选题

Theteachertriedtoexplaintheproblem,buttheexplanationdidnot（）.

问题1选项

A.comeup

B.hangon

C.getacross

D.lookout

【答案】C

【解析】动词词组辨析。comeup"走近;发生";hangon"坚持下去;不挂断;握住不放";getacross"被理解,被接受";lookout"注意;当心"。句意：老师试图解释这个问题,但这个解释不被大家所接受。选项C符合句意。

4.翻译题

Thecollapseofbeliefwehavebeenwitnessingthroughoutthetwentiethcenturycomeswithglobalism.Thepostmodemconditionisnotanartisticmovementoraculturalfadoranintellectualtheory-althoughitproducesallofthoseandisinsomewaysdefinedbythem.Itiswhatinevitablyhappensaspeopleeverywherebegintoseethattherearemanybeliefs,manykindsofbelief,manywaysofbelieving.Postmodernismisglobalism;itisthehalf-discoveredshapeoftheoneunitythattranscendsallourdifferences.

Inaglobal—andglobalizingera,alloftheoldstructuresofpoliticalreality,alltheoldwaysofsayingwhoweareandwhatweareforandwhatweareagainst,seemtobemeltingawayintoair.

Howtohaveanidentityinsuchaworld?Nationalismbecomessemi-obsoletebeforeitevencompletesitsconquest;nationalgovernmentseverywherearechallengedfromfrontandrear,pastandfuture.Theyareforcedtodobattleagainstpre-modemtribalandethnicidentitiesevenastheyresistthethreatstotheirfragilesovereigntiesthatareposedbyinternationalorganizationandmovementsandeconomicforces.Theweakernationalsovereigntyisasanabsoluteprinciple,thelesssecureweareindefiningourselvesaccordingtonationalcitizenship.

Howaboutideology?ThroughouttheeraoftheColdWar,globalideologiesseemedtobereplacingnationalloyaltiesasthesupremedefinersofpoliticalreality.

Foratime,theworldappearedtobedividedintotwoopposedbeliefsystemsratherthanintomanynations.

Buttheinternationalideologiesneverquitemanagedtoseparatethemselvesfromnationalism(Marxismhadaparticularlyhardtimewiththat,waswidelysuspectedofbeingmerelyatoolofRussianambitions),andtodayhardlyanybodyotherthanafewintransigentcommunistsanddie-hardanti-communistsbelievethattheworldispoliticallybipolar.

Religionisstillapotentdefinerofpoliticalrealityandstillanexplosiveone—wemaystillbehavingholywarswhenwehavestoppedhavinganyotherkind—butitisalsothemostvulnerableofalltobeingunveiledasacreationofthehumanmind.

Eachofthesesetsofcategories,eachofthesewaysthatpeopleconstructwhotheyareandwhattheybelieveisincreasinglychimerical,capableofevaporatinginamomentwhenpeoplelookattheworldwithdifferenteyes.

Classandracemayprovetobemoredurabledefinersofreality,morestablemarkersofwhois‘us’andwhois‘them’.Buteachofthose,too,becomesanythingbutpredictableinapostmodernworld.ThewretchedoftheearthmaybeaforceforrebelliouschangebecausetheybelievesomeformofMarxistdoctrineaboutclassconflict,ormerelybecausetheyceasetobelieveinthevarioussocialconstructionsofrealitythatheldtheirconditiontobepartofGod’sownarrangement.Oppressedracesgrowskeptical(astheworldgainsunderstandingofthegamesoppressorsplay)aboutthesocialconstructionsofrealitythatdefinetheirplaceandstrivetokeeptheminit.

【答案】后现代主义正在全球化，据发现，它是以超越我们所有的差异形成统一的半形状形成的。

作为一项绝对原则，国家主权越弱，我们根据国家公民身份对自己的定义就越不安全。

有一段时间，这个世界被划分成两个对立的信仰系统，而不是被划分成许多的国家。

阶级和种族可能被证明是对现实更加持久的定义者，是“我们”和“他们”之间最稳定的标志。

被压迫者对现实的社会结构产生了怀疑(因为世界对压迫者所玩的游戏有了更多的了解)，而现实的社会结构定义了他们的位置，并努力将他们留在其中。

5.单选题

Thetrainingofhumanintelligencemustincludethesimultaneousdevelopmentoftheempatheticcapacity.

问题1选项

A.simulated

B.coincident

C.instantaneous

D.similar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。simultaneous表示“同时的，联立的，同时发生的”；A项simulated“模拟的，模仿的，仿造的”，B项coincident“一致的，符合的，同时发生的”，C项instantaneous“瞬间的，即时的，猝发的”，D项similar“相似的”。句意：人类智力的训练必须包括移情能力的同时发展。根据句意可知，B项的意思符合句子。因此，该题选择B项正确。

6.单选题

Chinesefarmersaremostlylivingasimpleandthriftylifeasitistoday.

问题1选项

A.miserable

B.economical

C.luxurious

D.sensible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。thrifty“节俭的；节约的”；A选项miserable“悲惨的；痛苦的”；B选项economical“经济的；节俭的”；C选项luxurious“奢侈的；丰富的；放纵的”；D选项sensible“明智的；合乎情理的；意识到的”。句意：中国农民大多像今天这样过着简单节俭的生活。根据句中“simple简单的”可知thrifty在这里的意思为“节俭的”，因此B选项正确。

7.单选题

Theattorneywantedto（

）theprocess,asherclientwasbecomingimpatient.

问题1选项

A.expedite

B.evaluate

C.reverse

D.justify

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。expedite“加快进展，迅速完成”；evaluate“评价，估价”;reverse“颠倒，掉换”；justify“为…辩护，对…做出解释”；根据句意‘律师想（

）进度，因为她的客户变得不耐烦了。’确定A选项“加快进展，迅速完成”符合题意。

8.单选题

Ifapersontalksabouthisweakpoints,hislistenerisexpectedtosaysomethinginthewayof（）.

问题1选项

A.persuasion

B.remedy

C.encouragement

D.compromise

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。persuasion“说服”；remedy“补救办法”；encouragement“鼓励”；compromise“妥协”。句意：如果一个人提及到他的弱点，他的听众应该说一些鼓励他的话。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysought,throughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearfulpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassed,someritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeingsandmimedthedesiredeffect——successinhuntorballet,thecoiningrain,therevivalofthesun—asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,ofother-feats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthataretheimitationofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Anappropriatetitleofthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?

3.Whichofthefollowingideasdoesthepassagesupport?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

问题1选项

A."TheOriginsofTheater"

B.“TheRoleofRitualinModernDance"

C."TheImportanceofStorytelling"

D."TheWietyofEarlyReligiousActivities"

问题2选项

A.Dance.

B.Magic.

C.Music.

D.Costumes.

问题3选项

A.Nooneissureabouttheoriginoftheater.

B.Mythsweretheultimateoriginofdrama.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdrama.

D.Allreligionscamefromritualactivities.

问题4选项

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandramadoes.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章前两段介绍了广泛为人接受的理论-——戏剧起源于宗教仪式。最后一段还介绍了另外两种有关戏剧起源的理论——认为戏剧源自人们对叙述故事的兴趣，和认为可以将戏剧的起源追溯至舞蹈。故A项“戏剧的起源”比较适合作文章标题。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused(认为戏剧从仪式演化而来的人们还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的基本因素，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎经常被使用),因此B项“魔术”不是戏剧和仪式的基本因素。

3.判断推理题。A:没有人能确定戏剧的起源,B:神话是戏剧的最终起源,第一段指出:TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual(有很多关于古希腊戏剧起源的理论。其中今天最广泛为人接受的理论是基于戏剧起源于宗教仪式的假设),由此可知A项正确,B项不正确。C:讲故事是戏剧的一个重要部分,最后一段指出:Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling(另一个追溯戏剧起源的理论认为它来自人们对叙述故事的兴趣),由此可知C项和原文并不相符。D:所有的宗教起源于宗教仪式活动,文章并未提及。故此题选A。

4.细节事实题。倒数第二段指出:此外，还有表演者，因为在仪式的制定中避免犯错误是相当重要的，宗教领袖通常承担这个任务。他们戴着面具，穿着戏服，经常模仿其他人、动物或超自然的生物，模仿演员所期望的效果——成功模仿狩猎或芭蕾，无论晴天或雨天。这种戏剧性的表现最终与宗教活动分离开来。由此可看出D项“宗教仪式有一个宗教目的，而戏剧没有”正确。

10.单选题

Theotherproblemthatarisesfromtheemploymentofwomenisthatoftheworkingwife.Ithastwoaspects:thatofthewifewhoismoreofasuccessthanherhusbandandthatofthewifewhomustrelyheavilyonherhusbandforhelpwithdomestictasks.Therearevariouswaysinwhichtheimpactofthefirstdifficultycanbereduced.Providedthathusbandandwifearenotinthesameordirectlycomparablelinesofwork,theharshfactofhergreatersuccesscanbeobscuredbyagenialconspiracytorejectapurelymonetarymeasureofachievementasintolerablycrude.Wherethereareranks,itisbestifthecoupleworkindifferentfieldssothatthehusbandcanfindsomespecialreasonforthesuperiorityofthelowestfigureinhistothemostelevatedinhiswife’s.

Aproblemthataffectsamuchlargernumberofworkingwivesistheneedtore-allocatedomestictasksiftherearechildren.InTheRoadtoWiganPierGeorgeOrwellwroteoftheunemployedoftheLancashirecoalfields:“Practicallynever…inaworking-classhome,willyouseethemandoingastrokeofthehousework.Unemploymenthasnotchangedthisconvention,whichonthefaceofitseemsalittleunfair.Themanisidlefrommorningtonightbutthewomanisasbusyasever—moreso,indeed,becauseshehastomanagewithlessmoney.Yetsofarasmyexperiencegoesthewomendonotprotest.Theyfeelthatamanwouldlosehismanhoodif,merelybecausehewasoutofwork,hedevelopedina‘MaryAnn’.”

Itisoverthecareofyoungchildrenthatthisre-allocationofdutiesbecomesreallysignificant.Forthis,unlikethecookingoffishfingersorthemakingofbeds,isaninescapablytime-consumingoccupation,andtimeiswhatthefullyemployedwifehasnomoretospareofthanherhusband.

Themaleinitiativeincourtshipisaprettyindiscriminateaffair,somethingthatistriedonwithanyremotelyplausiblewomanwhocomeswithinrangeand,ofcourse,withalldegreesoftentativeness.Whatdecidestheissueofwhetheragenuinecourtshipisgoingtogetunderwayisthewoman’sresponse.Ifsheshowsinteresttheenginesofpersuasionaresetinmovement.Thetruthisthatincourtshipsocietygiveswomentherealpowerwhilepretendingtogiveittomen.

Whatdoesseemclearisthatthemoremenandwomenaretogether,atworkandawayfromit,themorethecomprehensiveamorousnessofmentowardswomenwillhavetogo,despiteallitspastevolutionaryservices.Foritisthisthatmakesinferiorityatworkabrasiveand,moreindirectly,makesdomesticworkseemunmanly,ifthereistobeanequalizingredistributionofeconomicanddomestictasksbetweenmenandwomentheremustbeacompensatingredistributionoftheeroticinitiative.Ifwomenwillnolongerletusbeatthem,theymustallowustojointhemastheblushingrecipientsofflowersandchocolates.

1.Thefirstparagraphadvisestheworkingwifewhoismoresuccessfulthanherhusbandto（）.

2.Orwell’spictureofrelationsbetweenmanandwifeinWiganPierdescribesarelationshipwhichtheauthorofthepassage（）.

3.Thelastparagraphstressesthatifwomenaretoholdimportantjobs,thentheymust（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutthepresentformofcourtship?

问题1选项

A.workinthesamesortofjobasherhusband

B.playdownhersuccess,makingitsoundunimportant

C.stresshowmuchthefamilygainsfromherhighsalary

D.introducemorelabour-savingmachineryintothehome

问题2选项

A.thinksisthenaturalone

B.wishestoseepreserved

C.believesisfair

D.issuremustchange

问题3选项

A.sometimesmakethefirstadvancesinlove

B.allowmentoflirtwithmanywomen

C.stopacceptingpresentsofflowersandchocolates

D.avoidmakingtheirhusbandslooklike“MaryAnns”

问题4选项

A.Thewoman’sreactiondecidesthefateofcourtship.

B.Eachman“makespasses”atmanywomen.

C.Menareequallyseriousaboutcourtship.

D.Themanleaveshimselftheopportunitytogiveupthechasequickly.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Thefirstparagraphadvisestheworkingwifewhoismoresuccessfulthanherhusbandto______.1.第一段建议比丈夫更成功的职业女性去______。

A.workinthesamesortofjobasherhusbandA.和她的丈夫做同样的工作

B.playdownhersuccess,makingitsoundunimportantB.淡化她的成功，让它听起来不重要

C.stresshowmuchthefamilygainsfromherhighsalaryC.强调家庭从她的高薪中得到了多少

D.introducemorelabour-savingmachineryintothehomeD.将更多省力的机器引入家庭

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第一段第四句“只要丈夫和妻子没有从事相同或者可进行比较的工作，拒绝粗鲁地纯粹以金钱来衡量成功，女性更为成功这个残酷的事实就可能被巧妙的遮掩”，从这句话可知，如果妻子比丈夫更成功，只要丈夫和妻子没有从事相同或者能够比较的工作，那么女性可以淡化自己的成就。所以B项“淡化她的成功，让它听起来不重要”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“和她的丈夫做同样的工作”，根据解题思路可知，原文建议妻子和丈夫不要做同样的工作，该项反向干扰；

C项“强调家庭从她的高薪中得到了多少”表述与原文相反，原文是遮掩妻子成功的事实，该选项反而强调了她的成功，反向干扰；

D项“将更多省力的机器引入家庭”，原文未提及省力机器，无中生有。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Orwell’spictureofrelationsbetweenmanandwifeinWiganPierdescribesarelationshipwhichtheauthorofthepassage______.2.奥威尔在《维根码头》中对夫妻关系的描绘描述了一种作者______的关系。

A.thinksisthenaturaloneA.觉得它是很自然的一件事

B.wishestoseepreservedB.希望能保留下来

C.believesisfairC.认为是公平的

D.issuremustchangeD.一定要改变

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据第二段的内容可知，Orwell在《维根码头》中描写了一个失业者，男人从不分担家务，尤其是工人阶级的家庭。而女人们并不反对这种现状，她们认为做家务会使男人丧失男子气概。而作者在第三段提到，正是在照顾孩子方面，这种职责的重新分配才变得真正重要。这说明作者认为书中描述的状态是不合理的，一定要改变。所以选项D正确。

【干扰项排除】A项“觉得它是很自然的一件事”、B项“希望能保留下来”和C项“认为是公平的”根据解题思路可知，这三项都与作者表达的态度相反，属于反向干扰。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Thelastparagraphstressesthatifwomenaretoholdimportantjobs,thentheymust______.3.最后一段强调，如果女性要担任重要的工作，那么她们必须______。

A.sometimesmakethefirstadvancesinloveA.有时会在爱情中率先取得进展

B.allowmentoflirtwithmanywomenB.允许男人和很多女人调情

C.stopacceptingpresentsofflowersandchocolatesC.停止接受鲜花和巧克力礼物

D.avoidmakingtheirhusbandslooklike“MaryAnns”D.避免让她们的丈夫看起来像娘娘腔

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】首先，定位至文章最后一段最后一句，“如果女士不允许男士在事业上打败她们，她们必须允许男士加入到红着脸接受鲜花和巧克力的队伍”，从中可知，如果女性想要担任重要的工作，她们必须允许男士也可以接受鲜花和巧克力，可以推断，这里实际上是暗示女士在恋爱中也应该主动一些。A项“有时会在爱情中率先取得进展”符合这一分析。故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“允许男人和很多女人调情”在最后一段没有提到，无中生有；

C项“停止接受鲜花和巧克力礼物”，原文是让男性加入接受鲜花巧克力的行列，不代表女性就要停止接受，该项曲解原文；

D项“避免让她们的丈夫看起来像娘娘腔”，原文只是在说到男性失业后在家里无所事事，女性不抱怨时，提及这一点，与女性担任重要职位无关，该项张冠李戴。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaboutthepresentformofcourtship?4.关于现在的求爱形式，下列哪个陈述是不正确的？

A.Thewoman’sreactiondecidesthefateofcourtship.A.女人的反应决定了求爱的命运。

B.Eachman“makespasses”atmanywomen.B.每个男人都会和许多女人调情。

C.Menareequallyseriousaboutcourtship.C.男人在求爱问题上也同样严肃。

D.Themanleaveshimselftheopportunitytogiveupthechasequickly.D.男人给自己留下了迅速放弃追求的机会。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据倒数第二段的第一句“在求爱过程中，男性主动是一件不加以区别的事情（Themaleinitiativeincourtshipisaprettyindiscriminateaffair），他们会犹豫不决地尝试着追求所接触的有可能发展关系的女性”，从aprettyindiscriminateaffair（一件不加以区别的事情）可知，C项“男人在求爱问题上也同样严肃”中的serious与原文相反。故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】

A项“女人的反应决定了求爱的命运”，根据倒数第二段第二句“女人的反应决定了她们是否会开始真正的求爱”，可知该项与原文相符，属于反向干扰；

B项“每个男人都会和许多女人调情”，根据解题思路可知，该项与原文相符，属于反向干扰；

D项“男人给自己留下了迅速放弃追求的机会”，原文倒数第二段第一句说到“……男性犹豫不决地尝试着追求所接触的有可能发展关系的女性”，说明他们给自己留了退路，随时准备放弃；该项与原文相符，属于反向干扰。

11.单选题

Severalloudspeakersare（）fromtheceilingandwecanhearthespeakerveryclearly.

问题1选项

A.connected

B.sustained

C.associated

D.suspended

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项connect“有联系的”。B选项sustain“持续的”。C选项associate“联合的”。D选项suspend“悬浮的，暂停”。句意：天花板上有几个扩音器，我们可以很清楚地听到说话者的声音。扩音器是悬挂在天花板上的，因此D选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Popstarstodayenjoyastyleoflivingwhichwasoncetheprerogativeonlyofroyalty.Wherevertheygo,peopleturnoutintheirthousandstogreetthem.Thecrowdsgowildtryingtocatchabriefglimpseoftheirsmiling,colorfullydressedidols.ThestarsaretransportedintheirchauffeurdrivenRolls-Royces,privatehelicoptersorexecutiveairplanes.Theyaresurroundedbyapermanententourageofmanagers,pressagentsandbodyguards.Photographsofthemappearregularlyinthepressandalltheircomingsandgoingsarereportedfor,likeRoyaltypopstarsarenews.IftheyenjoymanyoftheprivilegesofRoyalty,theycertainlysharemanyoftheinconveniencesaswell.Itisdangerousforthemtomakeunscheduledappearanceinpublic.Theymustbeconstantlyshieldedfromtheadoringcrowdswhichidolizethem.Theyarenolongerprivateindividuals,butpublicproperty.Thefinancialrewardstheyreceiveforthissacrificecannotbecalculated,fortheirratesofpayareastronomical.

Andwhynot?Societyhasalwaysrewardeditstopentertainerslavishly.ThegreatdaysofHollywoodhavebecomelegendaryfamousstarsenjoyingfame,wealthadulationonanunprecedentedscale.Bytoday'sstandards,theexcessesofHollywooddonotseemquitesospectacular.Asinglegramophonerecordnowadaysmayearnmuchmoreinroyaltiesthanthefilmofthepasteverdid.Thecompetitionforthetitle“TopofthePop”isfierce,buttherewardsaretrulycolossal!

Itisonlyrightthatthestarsshouldbepaidinthisway.Don'tthetopmeninindustryearnenormoussalariesfortheservicestheyperformtotheircompanies?Popstarsearnvastsumsinforeigncurrencyoftenmorethanlargeindustrialconcernsandthetaxmancanonlybegratefulfortheirmassiveannualcontributionstotheexchequer.Sowhowouldbegrudgethemtheirrewards?

It’sallverywellforpeopleinhumdrumjobstomoanaboutthesuccessesandrewardsofothers.Peoplewhomakeenviousremarksshouldrememberthatthemostfamousstarsrepresentonlythetipoftheiceberg.Foreveryfamousstar,therearehundredsofothersstrugglingtoearnaliving.Amanworkinginasteadyjobandlookingforwardtoapensionattheendofithasnorighttoexpectveryhighrewards.Hehaschosensecurityandpeaceofmind,sotherewillalwaysbealimittowhathecanearn.Butamanwhoattemptstobecomeastaristakingenormousrisks.Heknowsattheoutsetthatonlyahandfulofcompetitorsevergettotheverytop.Heknowsthatyearsofconcentratedeffortmayberewardedwithcomplete.Butheknows,too,thattherewardsforsuccessareveryhighindeed;theyaretherecompenseforthehugerisksinvolvedandifheachievesthem,hehascertainlyearnedthem.That'stheessenceofprivateenterprise.

1.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtopstars'highincome?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

4.Accordingtotheauthor,onewhodreamsofbeingastarshouldbeawarethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Approval

B.Disapproved.

C.ronical

D.Indifferent.

问题2选项

A.thereexistsfiercecompetitioninclimbingtothetopofthePops

B.peopleareblindinidolizingstars

C.successfulpopstarsgivegreatentertainment

D.popsstarsusuallytrytoavoidpayingtax

问题3选项

A.Popstarsgethigh-incomerepaymentbutaretaxedless.

B.Greatcontributionmadebypopstarsislimitedtoentertainmentindustry.

C.Successfulmenrepresentthetipoftheiceberg.

D.Popstarsshouldn'tenjoythelifeofroyalty.

问题4选项

A.firstheshouldlookforasteadyjobwithapension

B.atlastmanypeoplecanclimbtotheverytop

C.greateffortswillsurelyberewardedwithcompletesuccess

D.theessenceofprivateenterpriseishugerisksprobablybringinghighrewards

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。由最后一段“Butheknows,too,thattherewardsforsuccessareveryhighindeed;theyaretherecompenseforthehugerisksinvolvedandifheachievesthem,hehascertainlyearnedthem.但他也知道，成功的回报确实很高；这是对所涉及的巨大风险的补偿，如果他实现了这些目标，这些回报也是应得的。”可知作者认同这种观点即高风险与高回报是并存的。答案A

第2题:推理判断题。由第二段最后一句“Thecompetitionforthetitle‘TopofthePop’isfierce…‘流行音乐之巅’的竞争非常激烈”，可知A项正确，答案A。

第3题:细节事实题。由第四段“Peoplewhomakeenviousremarksshouldrememberthatthemostfamousstarsrepresentonlythetipoftheiceberg.发表嫉妒言论的人应该记住，最著名的明星只是冰山一角。”可知C项正确，答案C。

第4题:推理判断题。由文章末尾“Heknowsthatyearsofconcentratedeffortmayberewardedwithcomplete.Butheknows,too,thattherewardsforsuccessareveryhighindeed;theyaretherecompenseforthehugerisksinvolvedandifheachievesthem,hehascertainlyearnedthem.That’stheessenceofprivateenterprise.他知道多年的集中努力可能会得到完全的回报。但他也知道，成功的回报确实很高；这是对所涉及的巨大风险的补偿，如果他实现了这些目标，他肯定是应得的。这就是个人事业的本质。”可知作者认为个人事业的高风险和高回报并存，这是梦想成为明星的人该注意的地方。故D项正确。

13.单选题

Childrenmaynotenjoytoeatsweetsafteramealsomuchasatothertimes,butitishealthier

A

B

C

forthemtodoso.

D

问题1选项

A.toeat

B.somuchas

C.at

D.todo

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。enjoydoingsth.意为“喜欢做某事”。

试题答案：A;eating

14.单选题

Thepartyleaderjustifiedhissubsequentre-election（）thathehadbroughtpoliticalstabilityandeconomicdevelopmenttohiscountry.

问题1选项

A.intheway

B.bynomeans

C.onthegrounds

D.totheextent

【答案】C

【解析】intheway妨碍，挡道；bynomeans决不；onthegrounds由于……的原因，理由是……；totheextent到……的程度。句意：这位党的领导人为他后来的连任辩护，理由是他为他的国家带来了政治稳定和经济发展。选项C符合句意。

15.单选题

Negativedatasurpriseshaveforcedmanytodowngradetheirforecastsforgrowthandpolicyimplications,especiallyintheUS.

问题1选项

A.reject

B.reduce

C.reform

D.reserve

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项reject“拒绝；排斥；抵制”；B选项reduce“减少；降低”；C选项reform“改革；革新”；D选项reserve“储备；保留；预约”。句意：出人意料的负面数据迫使许多人……了对增长和政策影响的预测，尤其是在美国。由逻辑关系可知，主语Negativedatasurprises“出人意料的负面数据”会降低人们forecastsforgrowthandpolicyimplications“对增长和政策影响的预测”。因此B选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Marriagetherapiststeachaskillcalledactivelistening.Eachpartnertakesaturnlistening,thenparaphraseswhathe'sheardandvalidatesit.Thereis,however,aproblem.Itrarelyworks.For80percentofcouples,activelisteningistooharD.Itfeelswooden,likeemotionalgymnastics.Nordoes"fightingwellpredicthappymarriages".Evenhappycoupleshavescreamingmatches.Everytimeyouraiseahot-buttonissue,suchasthein-lawsormoney,doesyourhusbandsuddenlyclamup?Morethan80percentofthetime,it'sthewifewhobringsupstickymaterialissues,whilethehusbandtriestoavoiddiscussingthem.Thisisn'tasymptomofatroubledmarriage—it'strueinmosthappymarriages.

You'lloftenhearthatstayinginabadmarriageisworseforeverybodyconcerned—especiallythechildren—thangettingdivorceD.Thatmaybetrueifyourhomeissoriddledwithhostilitythatit'slikeawarzone.ButUniversityofChicagosociologistLinderJ.Waitesaysshehasfoundthat75percentofcoupleswhoratedtheirmarriagesasmiserablebutstayedofmarriedwerehappyfiveyearslater.

Weusuallythinkthestrongestmarriagesarethosethatsurvivemajortraumas,suchasbankruptcyoranextramaritalaffair.Butfrequently,dealingwiththelittlethings,thosedailyannoyances,eatawayatamarriage."Everycoupleexperiencesdisappointmentasinitialromanceandpassionfadeandtheydiscoveralltheirdifferences,"saysWolin."Hedoesn'tdoenoughhousework.Sheistooemotional.HewatchestoomuchTV.She'stoolenientwiththekids.Peoplethinkthesedifferencesasproblem,butthey'reactuallyopportunitiestobuildmaritalmuscles."

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutactivelistening?

2.Thephrase"clamup"inLine5means（）.

3.WeknowfromParagraph1thattheauthorthinksthatahappymarriage（）.

4.Whatisimpliedinthepassageaboutdivorceinthepassage?

5.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.Activelisteningisnecessaryifyouwantto"fightwell".

B.Amajorityofcouplesdoesn'tpracticeactivelistening.

C.Activelisteningdoesn'tensurehappymarriages.

D.Activelisteninghasproventobealittleimpractical

问题2选项

A.shutup

B.gelup

C.backup

D.tightenup

问题3选项

A.isalwaysfullofromanceandpassion

B.requiresthetoleranceofthehusband

C.maynotbefreeofquarrelsandfights

D.excludesthediscussionofstickymartialissues

问题4选项

A.Abadmarriageshouldendupindivorcetoavoidfurtherharm.

B.Divorceisnotthebestsolutiontoabadmarriage.

C.Mostcouplesgetdivorcedforthesakeoftheirchildren.

D.Divorceismuchbetterthansufferinginabadmarriage.

问题5选项

A.Dailyannoyancescandoharmtomarriages.

B.Marriageisnotforromanceandpassion.

C.Survivingmajormisfortuneshelpstrengthenmarriages.

D.Differencesareessentialforhappymarriage.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节判断题。根据第一段的内容可知,activelistening和fightwell是婚姻生活发生问题时截然不同的两种处理方式,前者是冷静的交流沟通,后者是激烈对峙。但activelistening并没有起到什么作用,大部分的夫妻都不采取,所以选项A描述错误。

2.根据下一句的内容"Morethan80percentofthetime,it'sthewifewhobringsupstickymaterialissues,whilethehusbandtriestoavoiddiscussingthem."超过80%的时间,是由妻子引起争吵话题的,而丈夫总是避免讨论这些话题。由此可以推断,clamup与avoiddiscussingthem意思接近。所以选项A正确。

3.细节推断题。根据第一段的最后一句"Thisisn'tasymptomofatroubledmarriage—it'strueinmosthappymarriages."争吵打闹并不是只岀现在问題婚姻中,即便是幸福婚姻也很难避免这类事情发生。选项A在文中没有提及,选项B和D太片面,而选项C符合原文。

4.细节推斷题。根据题干关键词divorce定位到第二段,根据下文"75percentofcoupleswhoratedtheirmarriagesasmiserablebutstayedofmarriedwerehappyfiveyearslater."75%认为自己婚姻不幸的夫妻坚持在一起5年之后,也过得幸福了。由此推断,作者认为离婚并不一定是最好的解决办法。选项B符合原文。

5.段落主旨题。根据最后一段的内容：我们通常认为,最牢固的婚姻是那些能挺过重大创伤的婚姻,比如破产或婚外情。但通常,处理一些小事情,那些日常的烦恼,也会侵蚀婚姻。选项A最能概括最后一段的大义。

17.单选题

Shewas