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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-博尔塔拉职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题
7.
问题1选项
A.Shedisagreeswiththeman.
B.Shecouldn’tagreewiththemanmore.
C.It'shardforthemtofulfilltheirplans.
D.It’simpossibletogetmoneyfromGatesFoundation.
【答案】B
【解析】M:ThismoneyfromtheGatesFoundationwillhelpuswithourplans.
W:Howcoulditnot?
Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?
【解析】态度方向题。女士回答:Howcoulditnot,即她非常同意男士说的。
2.单选题
Plagiarismiswidelyrecognizedasahighcrimeagainsttheprojectofscience,buttheexplanationsforwhyit’sharmfulgenerally(1)itlooklikeadifferentkindofcrimethanfabricationandfalsification.(2),KennethD.Pimpleclaimsthatplagiarismisnotan
(3)
thatunderminestheknowledge-buildingprojectofscience.Rather,thecrimeisindeprivingotherscientistsoftherewardtheyare
(4)
forparticipatinginthisknowledge-buildingproject.
(5)
,Pimplesaysthatplagiarismisproblematicnotbecauseitisdishonest,butratherbecauseitisunfair.
WhileIthinkPimpleisrighttoidentifyanadditionalcomponentofresponsibleconductofscience
(6)
honesty,namely,acertainkindoffairnesstoone’s
(7)
scientists.Ialsothinkthisanalysisofplagiarismmissesanimportant
(8)
inwhichmisrepresentingthesourceofwords,ideas,methods,orresultscan
(9)
theknowledge-buildingprojectofscience.
Onthesurface,plagiarism,while
(10)
nastytothepersonwhosereportisbeingstolen,mightseemnottounderminethescientificcommunity’s
(11)
ofthephenomena.Wearestill,afterall,bringingtogetherand
(12)
anumberofdifferentobservationreportstodeterminethestablefeaturesofourexperienceofthephenomenon.
(13)
thiscomparisonofteninvolvesadialogueaswell.Aspartoftheknowledge-buildingproject,fromtheearliestplanningoftheirexperimentstowellafterresultsarepublished,scientistsare
(14)
inaskingandansweringquestionsaboutthedetailsoftheexperienceandoftheconditions
(15)
whichthephenomenonwasobserved.Misrepresentingsomeoneelse’shonestobservationreportasone’sownstripsthereportofaccurateinformationforsuchadialogue.
问题1选项
A.make
B.get
C.have
D.help
问题2选项
A.Therefore
B.Sofar
C.However
D.Forexample
问题3选项
A.excuse
B.ideology
C.object
D.offense
问题4选项
A.competing
B.attracted
C.due
D.craving
问题5选项
A.Ontheotherhand
B.Inotherwords
C.Byandby
D.Inthemeanwhile
问题6选项
A.besides
B.towards
C.except
D.for
问题7选项
A.fellow
B.rival
C.team
D.peer
问题8选项
A.chance
B.way
C.reason
D.base
问题9选项
A.stimulate
B.construct
C.undermine
D.assess
问题10选项
A.surprisingly
B.accordingly
C.potentially
D.necessarily
问题11选项
A.knowledge
B.discovery
C.creation
D.evaluation
问题12选项
A.presenting
B.comparing
C.submitting
D.producing
问题13选项
A.So
B.While
C.But
D.And
问题14选项
A.devoted
B.scheduled
C.committed
D.engaged
问题15选项
A.with
B.under
C.for
D.around
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:C
第5题:B
第6题:A
第7题:A
第8题:B
第9题:C
第10题:C
第11题:D
第12题:B
第13题:C
第14题:D
第15题:B
【解析】(1)考察动词辨析。make使;get到达,获得;have拥有;help帮助。句意:剽窃被广泛认定为是对科研项目的犯罪,但对其为何有害的解释使它看上去不同于伪造和篡改这两种行为。选项A符合句意。
(2)考察逻辑连接词。Therefore于是(表示结果);Sofar到目前为止(表示时间);However然而(表示转折);Forexample例如,比如(举例说明)。句意:例如,KennethD.Pimple声称…选项D符合句意。
(3)考察名词辨析。excuse借口;ideology思想意识;object物体,目标;offense冒犯行为。句意:KennethD.Pimple声称剽窃不是破坏科学知识建构的一种冒犯行为。选项D符合句意。
(4)考察形容词辨析。competing竞争的,抵触的;attracted被吸引的;due应得的,预期的;craving渴望的。句意:剽窃这种行为剥夺了其他科学家从事知识构建应得的奖励。选项C符合句意。
(5)考察逻辑连接词。Ontheotherhand另一方面;Inotherwords换一句话说;Byandby迟早;Inthemeanwhile与此同时。句意:换句话说,Pimple以为剽窃的问题不在于该行为不诚实,而是不公平。选项B符合句意。
(6)考察介词辨析。besides除……之外还有;towards朝向……;except除了……以外(不包括后面所提到的内容或事物);for为了。句意:除了诚实这一组成要素外,我认为Pimple指出了负责任的科研行为的其他额外组成部分。选项A符合句意。
(7)考察名词辨析。fellow同伴;rival对手;team团队;peer同龄人。句意:负责任的科研行为的另一方面就是对科研同伴的公平。选项A符合句意。
(8)考察名词辨析。chance机会;way方式,方法;reason原因;base基础。句意:我还认为Pimple对剽窃的分析遗漏了很重要的一个方面。选项B符合句意。
(9)考察动词辨析。stimulate激发;construct建造;undermine损害;assess评估。句意:对某些词语、观点、方法和结果的歪曲会损害科学知识的建构。选项C符合句意。
(10)考察副词辨析。surprisingly令人惊奇地;accordingly相应地;potentially可能地,潜在地;necessarily有必要地。句意:对那些被剽窃者来说,剽窃行为可能会令其厌烦。选项C符合句意。
(11)考察名词辨析。knowledge知识;discovery发现;creation创造;evaluation评价。句意:但从表面看,剽窃行为似乎并没有伤害到整个科研群体对这一现象的评价。选项D符合句意。
(12)考察动名词辨析。presenting展示,显示;comparing比较;submitting提交;producing生成。句意:我们仍然会把几个不同的观察报告放到一起比较来判断我们所观察到的一些现象的稳定特征。选项B符合句意。
(13)考察逻辑连接词。so因此;while然而;but但是;and并且。句意:……但是这种比较也涉及(研究者之间的)对话。选项C符合句意。
(14)考察动词辨析。devoted“致力于”,常用于bedevotedtodoing结构;scheduled安排,计划;committed承诺;engaged从事。句意:从最初的实验计划到后来实验结果的颁布,科学家们一直都在针对实验的细节和观察到现象时的条件状况进行问答。选项D符合句意。
(15)考察介词辨析。with和…;under在…之下;for为了…;around在…周围。under…conditions为固定搭配;句意:……观察到某种现象时的条件状况。选项B符合句意。
3.单选题
IsecondMr.Smith’smotionthatwe(
)aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.
问题1选项
A.setup
B.havetosetup
C.aretosetup
D.maysetup
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。在英语中,表示“命令、建议、愿望、要求”等的词(不管是动词、名词、形容词)之后的从句用should+动词原词,而且should可以省略。句中的motion表示“提议”,其后是由that引导的同位语从句,因此选A。句意:我赞成史密斯先生的提议,即我们成立一个专门委员会来审查这个问题。
4.单选题
Nick’snewnovelprovesheisn’tjustaflashinthe().
问题1选项
A.sky
B.pan
C.house
D.dark
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定短语搭配。aflashinthepan“昙花一现,转瞬即逝,多用来形容某事持续时间短”。句意:尼克的新小说证明他并不是昙花一现。因此B选项正确。
5.单选题
Ididn'tsayanythinglikethatatall.Youarepurposely()myideastoproveyourpoint.
问题1选项
A.revising
B.distorting
C.distracting
D.contradicting
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。revise“修订”;distort“扭曲”;distract“转移,分心”;contradict“反驳,否定”。根据Ididn’tsayanythinglikethatatall“我根本没有说过那样的话”可知“为了证明你的观点,将我的想法扭曲了”符合语境,因此选项B符合题意。
6.翻译题
Anotherinnovationwillmakethosehard-to-rememberpasswordsobsolete.Soon,inordertoaccessoure-mailorbankaccount,we’lluseatechnologyknownasbiometrics.Atinysensorcouldconfirmyouridentitybyrecognizingtheuniquepatternsintheretinaofyoureye.“Imaginethatthingsrecognizeyou,”Meyersonsays.“YouwalkuptoanATM.Ittakesonelookatyouandsays,‘Yep,you’reyou.’”Withinfiveyears,it’spossiblewe’llnolongerbeinundatedwithjunkmail,becauseanewelectronicdevicewilldeleteitbeforeweeverseeit.“Thatdevice,asyouactuponit,asyoueliminatemail,youdon’treadit,youjustlookatitandkillit,”Meyersonsays,“afterawhileitlearnsyourhabitsandworksasyourassistantbyeliminatingstuffyouneverwantedanyway.Weanticipatethat,infiveyears,betterthan80percentofcoverageoftheworldpopulationsbycellularphonesandsmartphones.Atthispoint,imaginehaving,forinstance,theabilitytospeakopenlywithanybodyanywhere,anytimeandinanylanguage,real-timetranslation—literallytheoldStarTrekideaofauniversaltranslatorcomingtobe.”
【答案】答:
另一项科技创新将让那些难记的密码消失。不久,我们将能用一种被称为生物辨识的科技进入电邮信箱或银行帐号。这种小型的传感可以通过识别你独有的视网膜来确认你的身份。梅尔森说:“想象一下这个小东西记得你。你走到一个提款机,传感器看了你一眼说,‘嘿,我知道你是谁。’”在5年内,我们将不会再被垃圾邮件淹没,因为一个新的电子装置将在我们看到垃圾邮件前就把它删掉了。梅尔森说:“打开此装置,在你删邮件的时候,你不用读邮件,你只要看它一眼然后删掉。如此过一阵子,这个装置就把你的习惯学起来,就像你的助理一样帮你删掉你不想看的邮件。我们预期5年内世界超过80%人口将拥有移动电话和智能手机。到时,想象一下,比如,我们可以随时随地与说任意一种语言的人讲话,这种实时翻译的能力不就是《星际迷航》的宇宙翻译者的概念!”
7.单选题
Ifeelratherata(
)talkingtoher,becauseshe’ssoclever.
问题1选项
A.mistake
B.fault
C.disadvantage
D.defect
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。beatadisadvantage“处于不利的地位”。选项C符合题意。
8.单选题
Thefamilyisalsotheinstitutionwheremostofus,bothaschildrenandasparents,acquireasenseofcontinuitywiththepastandasenseof______tothefuture.
问题1选项
A.ideology
B.commitment
C.prophecy
D.reverence
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。A项ideology“意识形态,思想意识,观念学”,B项commitment“承诺,保证,委托”,C项prophecy“预言,预言书,预言能力”,D项reverence“崇敬,尊严,敬礼”。根据continuitywiththepast“对过去的延续”对应可知,______tothefuture应该表示“对未来的承诺”。句意:家庭也是我们大多数人,无论是作为儿童还是作为父母,获得对过去的延续感和对未来的承诺感的机构。因此,该题选择B项正确。
9.单选题
Mary()toseeyou.She()foryoudownstairsatthemoment.
问题1选项
A.hascome;iswaiting
B.came;iswaiting
C.hascome:waited
D.came;waswaiting
【答案】A
【解析】句意:玛丽来看你了。此刻,她正在楼下等你。
语法题。考查时态。后面句意表示“她正在楼下等你”,因此,第一句应该用现在,表示“玛丽已经到这儿来看你”。
10.单选题
Paleontologists’assumptionsabouttheequablenatureoftheclimateontheprimevalislandofPangaeaare(
)computersimulationsindicatingthattheisland’stemperaturestendedtofluctuateduringthecourseofayear.
问题1选项
A.underminedby
B.bolsteredby
C.bolsteredby
D.challengedby
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。underminedby被推翻。bolster支持,支撑。confirm确认,确定。challenge挑战。句意:古生物学家认定泛大陆早期岛屿的气候是恒定的,而计算机模拟表明岛上的温度整年都处于变化中。这结果推翻了之前的认定。根据句意可知A项符合题意。
11.单选题
Andemployers,whoassumedthatwomen’s“real”aspirationwereformarriageandfamilylife,declinedtopaywomenwagescommensuratewiththoseofmen.
问题1选项
A.comparable
B.inappropriate
C.identifiable
D.proportionate
【答案】D
【解析】句中说到,雇主们认为女性“真正”渴望的是婚姻和家庭生活,因此拒绝向女性支付与男性……的工资。这里存在与男性薪酬相比较的问题。A选项comparable“类似的;相当的”,由于本句描述的是群体间薪酬,因此不符合句意;B选项inappropriate“不适当的;不相称的”,与句意相反;C选项identifiable“可辨认的”不符合句意;D选项proportionate“成比例的;相称的”,符合题意。
12.单选题
Afterthedisasterofflood,peoplealloverthevillagemade_________efforttorebuildtheirhome.
问题1选项
A.superfluous
B.tenuous
C.strenuous
D.fatuous
【答案】C
【解析】形容词词义辨析。superfluous“多余的,不必要的”;tenuous“无关紧要的”;strenuous“费力的,紧张的”;fatuous“愚笨的,昏庸的”。句意:洪灾过后,全村的人们都努力重建家园。选项C符合题意。
13.单选题
It’sour______ifthecarisdamaged,wemustpay.
问题1选项
A.capacity
B.capability
C.cavity
D.liability
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。A项capacity“能力,容量”,B项capability“才能”,C项cavity“腔,洞,凹处”,D项liability“责任,债务”。根据句子后半部分的意思“如果汽车损坏了,我们必须赔偿”可知,空格处填入“责任”符合句意。句意:汽车损坏是我们的责任,我们必须赔偿。因此,该题选择D项正确。
14.填空题
Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereis|oneextrachoice,whichdoesnotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
GhostshipsAutonomouscargovesselscouldsetsailwithoutacrewunderthewatchfuleyeofcaptainsinshore-basedsimulators
Militarydronesalreadyflyfrequentmissionsandcivilianoperationsusingunmannedaircraftarecoming.Driverlesscarsareclockingupthousandsoftestmiles.(41)Indeed,themaritimeindustryhasstartedtothinkaboutwhatwouldberequiredtolaunchalatter-dayMarieCdeste.
(42)Thebridgesofsomemodernvesselsarenowmorelikelytocontaincomputerscreensandjoysticksthanenginetelegraphsandagiantship’swheel.ThelatestsupplyshipsservingtheoffshoreoilandgasindustryintheNorthSea,forinstance,usedynamicpositioningsystemswhichcollectdatafromsatellites,gyrocompasses,andwindandmotionsensorstoautomaticallyholdtheirpositionwhentransferringcargo(alsodonebyremotecontrol)toandfromplatforms,evenintheheaviestofswells.
(43)Asintheairandontheroad,robustcontrolsystemswillbeneededtoconformtoexistingregulations.
Themaritimeindustryisinterestedincrewlessshipsfortworeasons.Thefirstissafety.Mostaccidentsatseaaretheresultofhumanerror,justastheyareincarsandplanes.(44)
Thesecondreasonis,ofcourse,cost.Itisbecomingincreasinglydifficulttosignupcompetentcrewpreparedtospendmonthsawayatsea.Moreover,somevoyagesarelikelytogetevenlongerforshipscarryingnon-urgentcargo.Bysomeaccounts,a30%reductioninspeedbyabulkcarriercansavearound50%infuel.(45)Removingthecrew,though,alsoremovestheneedfortheiraccommodationanditsassociatedequipment,likeheatingandplumbing.Andthatprovidesroomtocarrymorecargo.
A.Ships,likeaircraftandcars,areincreasinglycontrolledbyelectronicsystems,whichmakesautomationeasier.
B.So,ifhumanoperatorsarereplacedbysophisticatedsensorsandcomputersystems,autonomousvesselsshould,intheory,makeshippingsafer.
C.Sowhynotletremote-controlledshipssetsailwithoutacrew?
D.Somethingsimilarisbeingproposedforautonomouscivildrones,withground-basedpilotsrespondingtocommunicationsandair-trafficcontrolinstructionsasiftheywereinthecockpit.
E.Thismeansslowersteamingcouldprovidebigsavingsinfuelcosts,butitwouldbeattheexpenseofincreasedexpenditureoncrewfortheselongervoyages,bothinwagesandforthe“hotel”facilitiesrequiredonboard.
F.However,asisalsothecasewithpilotlessaircraftanddriverlesscars,itisnotsomuchatechnologicalchallengethathastobeovercomebeforeautonomousshipscansetsail,butregulatoryandsafetyconcerns.
【答案】41.C
42.A
43.F
44.B
45.E
【解析】【选项释义】
A.Ships,likeaircraftandcars,areincreasinglycontrolledbyelectronicsystems,whichmakesautomationeasier.A.像飞机和汽车一样,船舶越来越多地由电子系统控制,这使得自动化更容易。
B.So,ifhumanoperatorsarereplacedbysophisticatedsensorsandcomputersystems,autonomousvesselsshould,intheory,makeshippingsafer.B.因此,如果人工操作员被先进的传感器和计算机系统取代,自动驾驶船舶理论上应该会使航运更安全。
C.Sowhynotletremote-controlledshipssetsailwithoutacrew?C.那么,为什么不让遥控船只在没有船员的情况下启航呢?
D.Somethingsimilarisbeingproposedforautonomouscivildrones,withground-basedpilotsrespondingtocommunicationsandair-trafficcontrolinstructionsasiftheywereinthecockpit.D.类似的东西也被提议用于自主民用无人机,让地面飞行员对通信和空中交通管制指令做出反应,就像他们在驾驶舱里一样。
E.Thismeansslowersteamingcouldprovidebigsavingsinfuelcosts,butitwouldbeattheexpenseofincreasedexpenditureoncrewfortheselongervoyages,bothinwagesandforthe“hotel”facilitiesrequiredonboard.E.这意味着减速航行可以大幅节省燃料成本,但这将以增加船员在这些长途航行中的支出为代价,包括工资和船上所需的“酒店”设施。
F.However,asisalsothecasewithpilotlessaircraftanddriverlesscars,itisnotsomuchatechnologicalchallengethathastobeovercomebeforeautonomousshipscansetsail,butregulatoryandsafetyconcerns.F.然而,就像无人驾驶飞机和无人驾驶汽车一样,在无人驾驶船舶起航之前,需要克服的与其说是技术挑战,不如说是监管和安全方面的担忧。
41.前一句提到“无人驾驶汽车的测试里程已达数千英里”,后一句说到“海运业已经开始考虑建造现代的船舶需要什么条件”,从中可以推测,空格这一句应该是问无人驾驶的船舶,C项正确。
42.该段第二句提到“现在,一些现代船只的船桥上更有可能装有电脑屏幕和操纵杆,而不是发动机电报和巨型轮船的轮子”,并且后面用北海海上石油和天然气行业服务的船舶举例,来描述船舶上的电子系统控制,所以该段第一句与电子系统控制有关,故A项正确。
43.根据该段第二句“就像在空中和道路上一样,鲁棒控制系统将需要符合现有法规(existingregulations)”,可知这一段与上一段是转折关系,这一段描写的是无人驾驶船舶将遇到的一些问题,F项正确。
44.该段讲的是海运业对无船员船舶感兴趣的其中一个原因,即安全,所以最后一句也是对安全的描述,只有B项符合。
45.该段讲的是海运业对无船员船舶感兴趣的另外一个原因,即成本,所以该段都是对成本的阐述,E项正确。
15.单选题
Asfewhouseholdappliancesarenowperfect,thisminordefectisnegligible.
问题1选项
A.detectable
B.trifling
C.inexcusable
D.magnificent
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项detectable“可检测的;可发觉的”;B选项trifling“微不足道的;轻浮的”;C选项inexcusable“不可原谅的;没法辩解的;不可宽恕的”;D选项magnificent“高尚的;壮丽的;华丽的;宏伟的”。句意:由于现在很少有家用电器是完美的,这个小小的缺陷是可以忽略不计的。结合此处关键词minor(微小的),得知B选项正确。
16.单选题
Asthepainteris()topollens,heregretsalotforlosingthechanceofdrawingthebeautyofspringinthefields.
问题1选项
A.nostalgic
B.insolent
C.acute
D.allergic
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项nostalgic“怀旧的,乡愁的”;B选项insolent“无礼的,傲慢的”;C选项acute“急性的,敏锐的”;D选项allergic“对……过敏的,对……极讨厌的”。句意:因为这个画家对花粉……,他很遗憾要失去野外写生的机会。由后面句子heregretsalotforlosingthechanceofdrawingthebeautyofspringinthefields(他很遗憾要……)可知D选项allergic“对……过敏的”(画家对花粉过敏)与前后意思对应。因此D选项符合句意。
17.单选题
Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.Androgynistpoetics,rootedinmid-Victorianwomen’swriting,contendsthatthecreativemindissexless,butfromthe1970son,manyfeministcriticsrejectedtheideaofthegenderless,mind,findingthattheimaginationcannotevadeconsciousorunconsciousstructuresofgenderwhichispartofculture-determinationwhereseparatingimaginationfromtheselfisimpossible.
TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,spokeofthe“femalevernacular,theMotherTongue,apowerfulbutneglectedwomen’sculture”.VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”.Accessibletomenandwomenalike,butrepresentingfemalesexualmorphology,thismethodsoughtawayofwritingwhichliterallyembodiedthefemale,therebyfightingthesubordinating,linearstyleofclassificationordistinction.
ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.Forinstance,theyavoideddefiningexactlywhatconstitutedtheirwritingstyle,asanydefinitionwouldthencategorizeitandsafelysubsumeitasagenreunderthelinearpatriarchalstructure—itsveryrestlessnessandambiguitydefiedidentificationaspartofitsidentity.SomefeministsandwomenwriterscouldfeelexcludedbythesurrealityoftheFemaleAestheticanditsstressonthebiologicalformsoffemaleexperience,whichalsobearcloseresemblancetoessentialism.Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.
Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems,byagreeingthatwomen’sliteraturelayasthecentralconcernforfeministcriticismbutrejectingtheconceptofanessentialfemaleidentityandstyle,whilesimultaneouslyseekingtoreviseFreudianstructuresbyemphasizingaPre-Oedipalphasewhereinthedaughter’sbondtohermotherinscribesthekeyfactoringenderidentity.MatriarchalvaluesdissolveintergenerationalconflictsandbuilduponafemaletraditionofliteratureratherthanthestruggleofOedipusandLaisatthecrossroads.Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.Gendertheoryproposestoexploreideologicalinscriptionandtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem,openinguptheliterarytheorystageandbringinginquestionsofmasculinityintofeministtheory.Takinggenderasafundamentalanalyticcategorybringsfeministcriticismfromthemargintothecenter,thoughitrisksdepoliticizingthestudyofwomen.
30.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthecontentofthepassage?
31.TheauthorspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingissuesthathavebeenconsideredintheevolutionoffeministliterarycriticismEXCEPT().
32.Theauthorrefersto“thelargestfish”(Paragraph2)primarilyinorderto().
33.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestriskposedbythefeministtheories,liketheFemaleAesthetic,whichposittheexistenceofan“essential”ornon-constructedgenderisin().
34.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorwoulddefinethe“delicatebalance”mentionedinthelastparagraphastheequilibriumbetween().
35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldmostlikelydescribetheevolutionoffeministliterarytheoryas().
问题1选项
A.AHistoricalOverviewofFeministLiteraryCriticism
B.EstablishingNewFeministConceptsofGender
C.ThePrecariousFeministCompromiseinPoliticsandArt
D.ANewTheoryofLiteraryCriticism
问题2选项
A.theplaceofwomenintheliterarycanon
B.thequestionofcultureindetermininggender
C.theroleofFreudintheorizinggenderidentity
D.theeffectofbiologicaldifferencesontextualstyle
问题3选项
A.suggestarefugefromthelonghistoryofsexistliterarycriticism
B.offerasenseofpoliticalpurposethatcanonlybeawakenedthroughliterature
C.articulatethepossibilityforescapefromtheconfinesofgenderedidentity
D.referenceauniquefeministidentitythatmustbeextractedsomehowfromthebody
问题4选项
A.creatingadead-endforfeministliterarycriticismbyattackingthenotionofanandrogynistpoetics
B.reinforcingsexistnotionsthatwomencannotemulatetheliterarystyleofmen
C.pushingfeministwritingoutofthemainstreambyarguingthatmenareunabletofullycomprehendwomen’swriting
D.relyingtooheavilyonthetheoriesofFreud,underwhichidentityistheproductofbiology
问题5选项
A.establishingtiesbetweengenerationsofwomenwritersandfightingpatriarchalinfluence
B.assigningtheproperweighttotheconceptofgenderassociallyconstructedandbiologicallyinherited
C.activelyfightingandpassivelydocumentingtheliteraryeffectsofthesex/gendersystem
D.avoidingmarginalizationonthepoliticalfringesandde-politicizationinthepoliticalmainstream
问题6选项
A.agradualmovementfromtheideaofgenderlesswritingtoawritingthatoriginatesinthewoman’sbody
B.ashiftbetweenadversarialcriticismtomoretolerantvarietiesofcriticism
C.aregularfluctuationbetweentheideaofgenderlessandgenderedwritingthatgraduallysettlesonacompromise
D.amoreorlessconstantpursuitofthegoalofestablishingauniquenicheforwomen’sliterature
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:D
第3题:D
第4题:C
第5题:B
第6题:C
【解析】30.主旨大意题。通读全文,发现作者的写作脉络都是围绕“FeministLiteraryCriticism”,原文首段是说Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.(女权主义评论者在性别对创造力和演绎能力的作用上存在争议)文第二段是说TheFemaleAesthetic,expressingauniquefemaleconsciousnessinliterature,(女性审美在文学上表达出一种独特的女性意识);原文第三段是说ItmustbeadmittedthatthereareproblemswiththeFemaleAestheticthatfeministcriticsthemselvesrecognized.(女权主义评论者认识到并且承认女性审美存在一些问题);原文第四段是说Later,Gynocriticsattemptedtoresolvesomeoftheseproblems(女性评论者试着解决其中的一些问题)。可见,全文应为“女性文学评论的历史概述”。即可得出本题答案。
31.细节判断题。选项A可定位至第二段第一句;选项B可定位至第三段;选项C可定位至第四段,选项D文中未提及。从而得出本题答案。
32.细节推断题。根据题干信息,将信息点定位到原文第二段第二句VirginiaWoolfdiscusseshowawomanwriterseekswithinherself“thepools,thedepths,thedarkplaceswherethelargestfishslumber”,inevitablycollidingagainstherownsexualitytoconfront“somethingaboutthebody,aboutthepassions”(弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫(VirginiaWoolf)探讨了一位女作家如何在自己内心寻找“池塘、深处、最大的鱼睡觉的黑暗地方”,不可避免地与自己的性欲发生冲突,以面对“有关身体和激情的某些东西”。)根据“ownsexuality”,“thebody”,“thepassions”等信息判定“thelargestfish”指的是选项D。从而得出本题答案。
试题答案D
33.
信息推断题。根据题干关键词“thegreatestrisk”,将信息点定位到原文第三段最后一句Menmaytrytheirhandatwritingwoman’sbodies,butaccordingtothefeministcritique,onlyawomanwhoseverybiologygaveheranedgecouldreadthesetextssuccessfully—apositionwhich,worstofall,riskedmarginalizationofwomen’sliteratureandtheory.(女性主义批评认为只有女性才能够解读女性写作的文本,而这一立场带来的最大的风险是将女性文学与理论边缘化)即可得出本题答案。
34.
细节事实题。根据题干关键词“delicatebalance”,将信息点定位到原文最后一段第三句“Lastlyandmostpromisinginitsachievementofadelicatebalancearedevelopmentsofanover-archinggendertheory,whichconsidersgender,bothmaleandfemale,asasocialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences.(最后,在实现微妙的平衡方面最有希望的是一种包罗万象的性别理论的发展,该理论认为性别,包括男性和女性,是建立在生理差异基础上的社会结构。)根据“considersgender”“socialconstructionbuiltonbiologicaldifferences”即可得出本题答案。
35.信息归纳题。本文主要关于女性文学评论的历史发展,根据原文第一段第一句Feministcriticshavelongdebatedtheextenttowhichgenderplaysaroleinthecreationandinterpretationoftexts.(长期以来,女权主义批评家一直在争论性别在文本的创作和解释中所起的作用。),最后一段的“adelicatebalance”即可得出本题答案。
18.填空题
InmanyAmericanuniversitiesthetotalworkforadegreeconsistsofthirty-sixcourses,eachlastsforonesemester.Whileattendingauniversityastudentwillprobablyattendfourorfivecoursesduring
eachsemester.
A
B
C
D
【答案】Blasts改为lasting
【解析】【考查点】非谓语动词。
【解题思路】根据句子中的逗号,可知eachlastsforonesemester不是完整独立的句子,动词last应该用非谓语动词,这部分对thirty-sixcourses进行修饰,指的是这36门课程的每一门课程持续一个学期,each和last是主动关系,用现在分词表示,因此B部分应为lasting。
【句意】在美国的许多大学,获得学位全部需要学习的有36门课程,每门课程持续一个学期。上大学的时候,学生每学期可能要上四、五门课。
19.单选题
OurculturehascausedmostAmericanstoassumenotonlythatourlanguageisuniversalbutthatthegesturesweuseareunderstoodbyeveryone.Wedonotrealizethatwavinggood-byeisthewaytosummonapersonfromthePhilippinestoone’sside,orthatinItalyandsomeLatin-Americancountries,curlingthefingertooneselfisasignoffarewell.
ThoseprivatecitizenswhosentpackagestoourtroopsoccupyingGermanyafterWorldWarIIandmarkedthemGIFTtoescapedutypaymentsdidnotbothertofindoutthat"Gift"meanspoisoninGerman.Moreover,weliketothinkofourselvesasfriendly,yetweprefertobeatleast3feetoranarm’slengthawayfromothers,LatinsandMiddleEasternersliketocomecloserandtouch,whichmakesAmericansuncomfortable.
Ourlinguisticandculturalblindnessandthecasualnesswithwhichwetakenoticeofthedevelopedtastes,gestures,customsandlanguagesofothercountries,arelosingusfriends,businessandrespectintheworld.
EvenhereintheUnitedStates,wemakefewconcessionstotheneedsofforeignvisitors.Therearenoinformationsignsinfourlanguagesonourpublic:buildingsormonuments,wedonothavemultilingualwaitersbankclerksandpolicemenarerare.OurtransportationsystemshavemapsinEnglishonlyandoftenweourselveshavedifficultyunderstandingthem.
Whenwegoabroad,wetendtoclusterinhotelsandrestaurantswhereEnglishisspoken.The,attitudesandinformationwepickupareconditionedbythosenatives-usuallythericher-whospeakEnglish.Ourbusinessdealings,aswellasthenation'sdiplomacy,areconductedthroughinterpreters.
Formanyyears,AmericaandAmericanscouldgetbywithculturalblindnessandlinguisticignorance.Afterall,Americawasthemostpowerfulcountryofthefreeworld,thedistributorofneededfundsandgoods.
Butallthatispast.Americandollarsnolongerbuyallgoodthings,andweare,slowlybeginningtorealizethatourproperroleintheworldischanging.A1979Harrispollreportedthat55percentofAmericanswantthiscountrytoplayamoresignificantroleinworldaffairs;wewanttohaveahandintheimportantdecisionsofthenextcentury,eventhoughitmaynotalwaysbetheupperhand.
1.ItcanbeinferredthatAmericansbeingapproachedtoocloselybyMiddleEasternerswouldmostprobably(
).
2.TheauthorgivesmanyexamplestocriticizeAmericansfortheir(
).
3.Americanpeopleignoreculturaldifferencesinothercountriesbecause(
).
4.Accordingtotheauthor,Americanscultureblindnessandlinguisticignorancewill(
).
5.Theauthor’sintentioninwritingthisarticleistomakeAmericansrealizethat(
).
问题1选项
A.standstill
B.stepforward
C.jumpaside
D.drawback
问题2选项
A.culturalself-centeredness
B.indifferencetowardsforeignaffairs
C.casualmanners
D.arrogancetowardsothercultures
问题3选项
A.theycanafforditwithpowerfuleco
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