考研考博-英语-南昌大学考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南昌大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thehighcostforgettingtherewas（

）bythefactthatIfoundaverycheapplacetolive.

问题1选项

A.offset

B.participated

C.elaborated

D.reclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项offset“抵消，弥补”；B选项participate“参与，分享”；C选项elaborate“详细描述，变复杂”；D选项reclaim“开拓，抗议”。句意：到这里的成本高是因为事情变得复杂，我找到了一个非常便宜的地方住。选项C更符合语境。

2.单选题

TheresearchcommitteeurgedthearchaeologisttoundercutherclaimthatthetombshehasdiscoveredwasthatofAlexandertheGreat,sinceherinitialreporthasbeenbasedonlyon（

）.

问题1选项

A.caprice

B.supposition

C.evidence

D.conjecture

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。caprice怪想，随想曲；supposition:假定，推测；evidence证据，证明；conjecture推测，猜想。句意：因为原始报告仅仅依据异想天开，研究委员会敦促这个考古学家去掉那个说她发现的这个坟墓是亚历山大的声明。由undercutherclaim及only可知空格处所填单词是贬义词。

3.单选题

Theseillegalimmigrantshavetoworklonghoursadaydespitetheappallingworkingconditions.

问题1选项

A.bewildering

B.exasperating

C.dismaying

D.upsetting

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。appalling表示“可怕的，令人震惊的”；A项bewildering“使人困惑的”，B项exasperating“使人恼怒的”，C项dismaying“令人震惊的，令人惊恐的”，D项upsetting“令人心烦意乱的”。句意：尽管工作条件恶劣，这些非法移民每天还是得工作很长时间。根据句意可知，选择C项正确。

4.翻译题

众所周知，技术革新的速度越来越快。未来社会的变革将超过以往任何时候。作为一个物种，我们人类能否在我们自己发动的这种变革中幸存下来呢？有大量的证据表明我们能。我们人类有巨大的潜能，我们才刚刚开始开发利用。例如，我们才刚刚开始控制环境。将来有一天，技术将使所有的沙漠鲜花盛开。这的确不难。要做到这一点，我们只需要降低海水淡化的成本。接下来的问题是，沙漠变成绿洲后，它们能为我们不断增加的人口提供充足的粮食吗？很可能。最近，我们已经开始发现集约式沙漠农业是可能的。我们已经拥有的技术能将产量提高10倍，用水量减少到从前的1/20。我们知道如何创造农业奇迹。我们需要时间和金钱以便使这项技术为人人所用。

在19世纪,人们信仰进步。他们相信科学将带领他们进入一个无限繁荣无限幸福的新时代。然而，事情并没有如他们所想象的那样发展。两次灾难性的世界大战使人们确信了这一点。但是，我们在失望时，在担心科学是一头将来某一天会毁灭我们的巨兽时，却忘记了科学并不是巨兽,我们自己才是巨兽。科学只是一个仆人，像火一样，如果使用得当，它将是个好仆人。

尽管现代世界存在着种种问题,大多数人都不会愿意生活在我们之前的任何一个科学欠发达的时代。如果我们不在战争中毁灭白己，未来只会更好。我们每年都将取得令人目不暇接的科学进步：疾病得到根治，太空被征服，运输和通讯取得根本性的变革，农业和工业得到彻底改造等等。对一些人来说，未来听起来令人兴奋；而对另一些人来说,则令人恐怖。但有一点是肯定的：未来不会让人感到乏味。

【答案】Asweallknow,technologicalinnovationisgettingfasterandfaster.Therewillbemoresocialchangesinthefuturethaneverbefore.Asaspecies,canhumanssurviveinthetransformationwehavemade?Alotofevidenceshowthatwecando.Humanshavegreatpotential,butwearejustbeginningtoexploitthem.Forexample,wearejustbeginningtocontroltheenvironment.Someday,technologywillmakeallthedesertflowersbloom.It’snothard.Toachievethis,weonlyneedtoreducethecostofdesalination.Thenextquestioniswhethertheycanprovideenoughfoodforourgrowingpopulationwhendesertsbecomeoases.Probablyrecently,wehavebeguntodiscoverthatintensivedesertwherefarmingisfeasible.Wealreadyhavetechnologythatcanincreaseyieldstenfoldandreducewaterusebyone-twentiethofwhatitwasbefore.Weknowhowtocreateanagriculturalmiracle.Weneedtimeandmoneytomakethistechnologyavailabletoeveryone.

Inthe19thcentury,peoplebelievedinprogress.Theybelievedthatsciencewouldleadthemintoaneweraofinfinitehappiness.However,thingsdidn’tgoasfarastheythought.Twodisastrousworldwarsconvincedpeopleofthis.Butwhenwearedisappointed,andwhenweworrythatscienceisamonsterthatwilldestroyusoneday,weforgetthatscienceisnotamonsterbutweare.Scienceisonlyaservant,likefire,andifusedproperly,itwillbeagoodservant.

Despitetheproblemsofthemodernworld,mostpeopledonotwanttoliveinanyoftheunderdevelopedtimesbeforeus.Ifwedonotdestroyourselvesinthewar,thefuturewillbebetter.Everyyearwewillmakegreaterprogress,likecontinualscientificadvance,cureddiseases,andconqueredspace,naturalchangesintransportandcommunicationsandradicalchangesinagricultureandindustryandsoon.Forsome,thefuturesoundsexciting,whileforothersit’sscary.Butonethingcanbesure:thefuturewillnotbeboring.

5.单选题

Thecountry’sdeficitthatyeartoarecord169.8billiondollars.

问题1选项

A.soared

B.soured

C.sored

D.sourced

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。soar“飙升”；sour“发酵”；sore“弄伤”；source“寻求来源”。句意：这个国家的赤字……到1698亿美元的记录。因此A选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Duringtheirfirstteachertrainingyear,thestudentsoftenvisitedlocalschoolsforthe（）oflessons.

问题1选项

A.observation

B.investigation

C.inspection

D.examination

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在他们教师培训的第一年，学生们为了观摩课程经常参观当地学校。

考查名词辨析。observation监视，观察；investigation调查，研究;inspection检查，视察；examination检查。因此A项符合句意，在此处表示“观摩”。

7.单选题

Wearetoldthatthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogramme,Panorama.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtosomanyintimationsaboutsocieties,formsoflife,attitudesotherthanthosewhichobtainintheirownlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities;widthofjudgment,asenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnonotethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinaquarryandwhichmay,conceivablygotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdoesnotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesareresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobserve—fleetingly—individuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthem,issufficientinitself.

Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto—orfeelweshouldtryto—makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmediaisnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesire,tokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunications.TheorgansoftheEstablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandWhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathatthenwillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandenquirydonotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiriesmightreallyhurt,Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclicheassumptions.Ofdemocraticsocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestiontheseclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcontemporarylife.Theywillstressthe“stimulation”theprogrammersgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationinitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo.Thereareexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.

Theresultcanbeseeninahundredradioandtelevisionprogrammersasplainlyasinthenormaltreatmentofpublicissuesinthepopularpress.Differentlevelsofbackgroundinthereadersorviewersmaybeassumed,butwhatusuallytakesplaceisasubstitutefortheprocessofarrivingatjudgment.Programmerssuchasthisarenoteworthylessforthe'stimulation'theyofferthanforthefactthatthatstimulation(repeatedatregularintervals)maybecomeasubstitutefor,andsoahindranceto,judgmentscarefullyarrivedatandtestedinthemindandonthepulses.Masscommunications,then,donotignoreintellectualmatters;theytendtocastratethem,toallowthemtositonthesideofthefireplace,sleekanduseless,afamilyplaything.

1.TheauthorholdsthattheEstablishmentshouldtryto（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whenmasscommunicationsdealwithintellectualmatters,theyshould（）.

3.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorusesthecomparisonwithbuildingacathedraljusttoshow（）.

4.Theword“fleetingly”inParagraph1means（）.

5.Inthepassagetheauthorcriticizesthemassmediafor（）.

问题1选项

A.doagoodservicetosociety

B.altertheformofpublicinstitutions

C.maintainitspositioninsociety

D.kindlestrongemotionsinthepublic

问题2选项

A.lookonthemasadomesticpastime

B.regardthemasmostpressingmatters

C.thinkofthemascontroversialmatters

D.considerthemtobeofonlydomesticinterest

问题3选项

A.sometimespayingcloseattentiontodetailsisextremelyimportant

B.greatworksofartusuallyneedgoodandsolidfoundations

C.theancientsocietyhaddifferentbeliefs

D.worthwhileresultsdonotdependonrawmaterialsonly

问题4选项

A.attentively

B.transiently

C.Sentimentally

D.strictly

问题5选项

A.theirwideningthegapbetweenreadersorviewers

B.theirfailingtoreachanydefiniteconclusionsoverwhattheyreport

C.theirsettingtoointellectualastandard

D.theircateringforasmallnumberofaudiences

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:文章第二段提到无论这些组织的初衷有多么美好，也不管它们的形式是什么样的，比如国家、教会、社团、政党等等，都只会为了平衡各方的利益而屈从于现状，所以作者认为应该努力改变公共机构的形式，选项B符合题意。

第2题:文章第三段最后一句话Masscommunications,then,donotignoreintellectualmatters;theytendtocastratethem,toallowthemtositonthesideofthefireplace,sleekanduseless,afamilyplaything提到大众传媒让知识事宜失去本来的活力，让它们坐在壁炉旁，有序却无用，就像一场家庭游戏。由此可以看出，大众传媒在处理知识相关的事情时，把它看作一场娱乐。选项A符合题意。

第3题:从文章第一段最后三句提到通过练石场的大量石头，人们可以想象出这些石头极有可能被用来建教堂。大众传媒不能建大教堂，而且它们展示石头的方式并不能提示他人去建造。作者采用对比手法的目的只是为了说明要想得到某些有价值的结果并不能只是依靠原料本身，所以选项D符合题意。

第4题:attentively“聚精会神地”；transiently“短暂的”；sentimentally“多情地”；strictly“严格地”。选项B符合题意。

第5题:文章第二段第二三句作者批判大众媒体不能对所报道的内容给出绝对真实的评论，所以选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Artisaboutcreativity,transmutingthehumblestsubjectsintothe（）.

问题1选项

A.subdue

B.subjective

C.submissive

D.sublime

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项subdue“压制，控制”；B选项subjective“主观的”；C选项submissive“顺从的，服从的”；D选项sublime“崇高的，崇高的事物”。句意：艺术是一种创造力，能够把最卑贱的事物变得（）。sublime和humblest“最卑贱的”相对应，使句子通顺。因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

PeoplewillinsistthatwatchingTV（）children’simaginations.

问题1选项

A.blunders

B.blunts

C.blushes

D.blends

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项blunders“犯大错；误入某地”；B选项blunts“减弱；使迟钝”；C选项blushes“脸红；感到羞愧”；D选项blends“使混合；使交融”。句意：人们会坚持说看电视……了儿童的想象力。前因是watchingTV“看电视”；后果是阻碍了children’simaginations“儿童的想象力”。在所有选项中只有blunt有减弱，使迟钝的意思。因此B选项符合题意。

10.单选题

OneoftheresponsibilitiesoftheCoastGuardistomakesurethatallships________followtrafficrulesinbusyharbors.

问题1选项

A.cautiously

B.dutifully

C.faithfully

D.skillfully

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项“谨慎地”；B选项“忠贞地，尽责地”；C选项“忠实地，如实地”；D选项“巧妙地，熟练地”。句意：海岸警卫队的职责之一是确保所有船只在繁忙的港口（）遵守交通规则。根据关键词trafficrule，我们一般是如实地遵守，而不是说谨慎地、有技巧地遵守，所以C选项最正确。

11.单选题

Whilethecompany’sCEOprofessestobeconfidentandurgesthedealforward,itsinvestorsareunlikelytobeso_______aboutitsprospects.Manywereuncomfortableatthewaythecorporationwasforcedtospendmuchofitscapitalinlastyear’sexpansion,andthisnewventureispotentiallyevenmorerisky.

问题1选项

A.apathetic

B.sanguine

C.apprehensive

D.anxious

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项apathetic“无动于衷的；缺乏兴趣的”；B选项sanguine“乐观的，充满希望的”；C选项apprehensive“忧虑的”；D选项anxious“担忧的；急切的”。句意：虽然该公司的首席执行官声称有信心并敦促该交易继续进行，但其投资者不太可能对其前景如此_______。根据while“虽然”，这里指CEO“首席执行官”和investors“投资者”态度相反，sanguine“乐观的，充满希望的”和confident“充满信心”意思相近，搭配unlikelyto符合题意。因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

ThefunnylookingmanwhomthegirlmetonthestreetofPrinstonwas（）AlbertEinstein.

问题1选项

A.nonebut

B.noneotherbut

C.nootherbut

D.nobodybut

【答案】B

【解析】【试题答案】B

【试题解析】noneotherbut表示“不是别人，正是……”，与noneotherthan意思相同；nonebut意为“只有”“除了……外都没有”；nobodybut语义上不通，应为nobodyelsebut；没有nootherbut这一用法。

13.单选题

Chineseoftenshakemyhandanddon’tletgo.Theytalkawaycontentedly,（

）ofmydiscomfortandstruggletodisengagemyhand.

问题1选项

A.oblivious

B.patent

C.obvious

D.pernicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。oblivious“不知道的；未觉察到的”；patent“专利的；显然的”；obvious“明显的；显著的”；pernicious“有害的；恶性的。句意：中国人经常握住我的手不放。他们非常满意地交流，没有察觉到我的不舒服和试图解开自己的手。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

It’sa______timetable.Sometimelessonshappen,sometimestheydon’t.

问题1选项

A.haphazard

B.odious

C.haughty

D.handicapped

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.haphazard偶然的；随便的；无计划的B.odious可憎的，讨厌的

C.haughty傲慢的，自大的D.handicapped残疾的，有生理缺陷的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】分析句子结构可知，空缺处部分修饰名词timetable，并且由后文句意“有时有课，有时没课”可知，这个时间表缺乏计划性。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】这是一个随意的时间表。有时有课，有时没课。

15.不定项选择题

Whydoyoulistentomusic?Ifyoushouldputthisquestiontoanumberofpeople,youmightreceiveanswerslikethese:“Ilikethebeatofmusic”,“Ilookforattractivetunefulness”,“Iammovedbythesoundofchoralsinging”,“IlistentomusicformanyreasonsbutIcouldnotbegintodescribethemtoyouclearly”.Answerstothisquestionwouldbemanyanddiverse,yetalmostnoonewouldreply“Musicmeansnothingtome.”Tomostofus,musicmeanssomething;itevokessomeresponse.Weobtainsomesatisfactioninlisteningtomusic.

Formany,theenjoymentofmusicdoesnotremainatastandstill.Wefeelthatwecangetmoresatisfactionfromthemusicalexperience.Wewanttomakeclosercontactmusicinordertolearnmoreofitsnature;thuswecanrangemorebroadlyandfreelyintheareaofmusicalstyle,form,andexpression.Thisbookexploreswaysofachievingtheseobjectives.Itdeals,ofcourse,withthetechniquesofmusic,butonlyinordertoshowhowtechniqueisdirectedtowardexpressiveaimsinmusicandtowardthelistener’smusicalexperience.Inthisway,wemaygetanideaofthecomposer’sintentions,forindeed,thecomposeruseseverymusicaldeviceforitspowertocommunicateandforitscontributiontothemusicalexperience.

Althougheveryonehearsmusicdifferently,thereisacommongroundfromwhichallmusicalexperiencesgrow.Thatsourceissounditself.Soundistherawmaterialofmusic.Itmakesupthebodyandsubstanceofallmusicalactivity.Itisthepointofdepartureinthemusicalexperience.

Thekindsofsoundthatcanbeusedformusicalpurposesareamazinglyvaried.Throughouttheculturesoftheworld,EastandWest;avirtuallylimitlessarrayofsoundshasbeenemployedintheserviceofmusicalexpression.ListentoOrientaltheatremusic,thentoanexcerptfromaWagnerwork.Thesetwoareworldsapartintheirqualitiesofsoundaswellasinalmosteveryotherfeature,yeteachsayssomethingimportanttosomelisteners.Eachcanstiralistenerandevokearesponseinhim.Allmusic,whetheritisthepulsationofprimitivetribaldrumsorthecomplexcoordinationofvoicesandinstrumentsinanopera,hasthisfeature:Itisbaseduponthepowerofsoundtostiroutsenseandfeelings.

Yetsoundaloneisnotmusic.Somethinghashappenedtothesound.Itmustmoveforwardintime.Everythingthattakesplacemusicallyinvolvesthemovementofsound.Ifwehearaseriesofdrumbeats,wereceiveanimpressionofmovementfromonestroketothenext.Whensoundsfolloweachotherinapatternofmelody,wereceiveanimpressionofmovementfromonetonetothenext.Allmusicmoves;andbecauseitmoves,itisassociatedwithafundamentaltruthofexistenceandexperience.Wearestirredbyimpressionsofmovementbecauseourverylivesareconstantlyinmovement.Breathing,theactionofthepulse,growth,decay,thechangeofdayandnight,aswellastheconstantflowofphysicalaction―thesealltestifytothefundamentalrolethatmovementplaysinourlife.Musicappealstoourdesireandourneedformovement.

1.Theauthorindicatesatthebeginningofthepassagethat（）.

2.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthatthebookfromwhichthisexcerptistakenismainlymeantfor（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,enjoyingmusicisnotanendinitselfbecausepeoplehopeto（）throughlistening.

4.Whatisthecommongroundformusicalexperiencetodevelop?

5.Theimportanceofmovementinmusicisexplainedbycomparingitto（）.

问题1选项

A.peoplelistentomusicforsimilarreason

B.reasonsforlisteningtomusicarevaried

C.somepeopledon’tunderstandmusicatall

D.purposesforlisteningtomusiccanbespecified

问题2选项

A.listeners

B.composers

C.musicians

D.directors

问题3选项

A.learnmoremusicaldevices

B.knowmoreaboutcomposers

C.communicatemoreeffectively

D.understandmusicbetter

问题4选项

A.Material

B.Listening

C.Sound

D.Activity

问题5选项

A.apatternofmelody

B.aseriesofdrumbeats

C.physicalmovement

D.existenceandexperience

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由题干定位到本文第一段第三句话“Answerstothisquestionwouldbemanyanddiverse”（这个问题的答案是多种多样的）可知，人们听音乐的原因是各种各样的。A选项“人们听音乐也是出于类似的原因”说法错误，人们听音乐的原因不一样；C选项“有些人根本不懂音乐”没有原文依据；D选项“可以指定收听音乐的目的”说法错误，听音乐也是随机的，目的是不能够指定的。因此B选项正确。

第2题:判断推理题。由题干定位到本文第二段第二句话“Wefeelthatwecangetmoresatisfactionfromthemusicalexperience”（我们觉得我们可以从音乐体验中获得更多的满足感）可知，这里的“我们”指的是听音乐的人，即听众。B选项“作曲家”、C选项“音乐家”、D选项“导演”均为干扰项，这些都是与音乐有关的人，但是与本段的语义不符。因此A选项正确。

第3题:细节事实题。由题干定位到本文第二段第三句话“Wewanttomakeclosercontactmusicinordertolearnmoreofitsnature;thuswecanrangemorebroadlyandfreelyintheareaofmusicalstyle,form,andexpression”（我们想要更密切地接触音乐，以便更多地了解它的本质；因此，我们可以在音乐风格、形式和表达方面有更广泛和自由的范围）可知，我们听音乐是为了了解音乐的本质。A选项“学习更多音乐设备”、B选项“多了解作曲家”、C选项“更有效的沟通”也是我们听音乐可以获得的，但不是终极目的。因此D选项正确。

第4题:细节事实题。由题干关键词“commonground”定位到本文第三段第一句话“Althougheveryonehearsmusicdifferently,thereisacommongroundfromwhichallmusicalexperiencesgrow.Thatsourceissounditself”（虽然每个人听音乐的方式都不一样，但所有音乐体验都有一个共同的基础，那就是声音本身）可知音乐的基础是声音本身。A选项“素材”、B选项“倾听”、D选项“活动”均为干扰项，不是音乐的基础，而是制作成音乐后的内容。因此C选项正确。

第5题:细节事实题。由题干关键词“movement”定位到最后一段第八、九句话“Wearestirredbyimpressionsofmovementbecauseourverylivesareconstantlyinmovement.Breathing,theactionofthepulse,growth,decay,thechangeofdayandnight,aswellastheconstantflowofphysicalaction―thesealltestifytothefundamentalrolethatmovementplaysinourlife”（我们被运动的印象所触动，因为我们的生活一直都在运动。呼吸、脉搏的活动、成长、衰退、昼夜的变化，以及不断的身体动作——这些都证明了运动在我们生活中所扮演的基本角色。）可知这里的运动对应的是physicalmovement。A选项“一种旋律模式”，当声音以一种旋律的模式彼此跟随时，我们会得到一种从一个音调到另一个音调的移动印象；B选项“一连串的鼓声”，如果我们听到一系列的鼓声，我们会得到一个动作的印象；D选项“存在和经验”，存在和经验的基本真理相联系。这三项均为干扰项，不是movement所指代的意义。因此C选项正确。

16.单选题

Ahealthydietincludeslotsof（

）naturalfoodwithplentyofproteinsandvitamins.

问题1选项

A.indigestible

B.wholesome

C.leftover

D.heavy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。indigestible难消化的；wholesome益于健康的；leftover剩余的，残留物。句意：健康的饮食包含许多益于健康的纯天然食物，这些食物含有丰富的蛋白质和维生素。根据healthydiet可知空格处应填B，答案B

17.单选题

Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcomersunless（）todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.

问题1选项

A.made

B.beingmade

C.havingmade

D.tobemade

【答案】A

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知unless引导条件状语从句，主语为abeamoflight和make之间存在被动关系，选项C可排除。又因为题目中描述的情况为客观事实，所以选用一般现在时态，选项B和D可排除。选用非谓语动词made表被动即可。句意：一束光只有在反射仪器的帮助下才能弯成圆角。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Byfarthemostcommondifficultyinstudyissimplefailuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork.Thisdifficultyismuchgreaterforthosewhodonotworktoaplanandhavenoregularroutineofstudy.Manystudentsmuddlealong,doingabitofthissubjectorthat,asthemoodtakesthem,orlettingtheirsetworkpileupuntilthelastpossiblemoment.

Fewstudentsworktoasettimetable.Theysaythatiftheydidconstructatimetableforthemselvestheywouldnotkeeptoit,orwouldhavetoalteritconstantly,sincetheycanneverpredictfromonedaytothenextwhattheiractivitieswillbe.

Therearemanywhostayawayfromtheself-regimentationofaweeklytimetable,anddislikebeingtieddowntoadefiniteprogramofwork.Manyablestudentsclaimthattheyworkincycles.Whentheybecomeinterestedinatopictheyworkonitintensivelyforthreeorfourdaysatatime.Onotherdaystheyavoidworkcompletely.Ithastobeconfessedthatwedonotfullyunderstandthecomplexitiesofthemotivationtowork.Mostpeopleover25yearsofagehavebecomeconditionedtoaworkroutine,andthemajorityofreallyproductiveworkerssetasideregularhoursforthemoreimportantaspectsortheirwork.The"tough-minded"schoolofworkersisusuallyverycontemptuousoftheideathatgoodworkcanonlybedonespontaneously,undertheinfluenceofinspiration.

Thosewhobelievethattheyneedonlyworkandstudyasthefittakesthemhaveamistakenbeliefeitherintheirowntalentorinthevalueof"freedom".Freedomfromrestraintanddisciplineleadstounhappinessratherthanto"self-expression"or"personalitydevelopment".Oursocietyinsistsonregularhabits,timekeepingandpunctualityandwhetherwelikeitornot,ifwemeantomakeourwayinsocietywehavetocomplywithitsdemands.

1.Themostwidespreadproblemonapplyingoneselftostudyisthatof（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,therearemanystudentswho（）.

3.Thoseworkerswithstrictviewsonwork（）.

4.InParagraph4"asthefittakesthem"means（）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagemightbe（）.

问题1选项

A.thefailuretokeeparoutineofmethodicalandintensivework

B.changingfromonesubjecttoanother

C.unwillingnesstofollowasystematicplan

D.applyingoneselftoasubjectonlywhenonefeelsinclined

问题2选项

A.donotlikebeingcommandedtostudyaccordingtoaweeklytimetable

B.aretootimidtoaccustomthemselvestoaweeklytimetable

C.refusetoexertthemselvesthewholeweekasifundermilitarydiscipline

D.shrinkfromtheself-disciplinerequiredforworkingtoaweeklyplan

问题3选项

A.areverycriticalofthebeliefthatgoodworkcanbeanaturalproductofinstinct

B.rejecttheideathatgoodworkissecondnaturetoman

C.donotregardasserioustheopinionthatgoodworkcanbedoneatanytimeregardlessofinspiration

D.despisetheideathatworkcanbedonewellonlywhenfreefromexternalpressureandpromptedbyinternalstimulus

问题4选项

A.whentheyhavetheenergy

B.whentheyareinthemood

C.whentheyfindconditionssuitable

D.whentheyfeelfit

问题5选项

A.AttitudestoStudy

B.StudyPlans

C.StudyandSelf-discipline

D.TheDifficultiesofStudying.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节判断题。根据第一段的第一句"Byfarthemostcommondifficultyinstudyissimplefailuretogetdowntoregularconcentratedwork."到目前为止,学习中最常见的困难就是未能进行定期的集中学习。选项A符合原文。

2.细节判断题。根据第三段的第一句"Therearemanywhostayawayfromtheself-regimentationofaweeklytimetable,anddislikebeingtieddowntoadefiniteprogramofwork."有许多人不喜欢按照每周的时间表进行自我约束,不喜欢被一个明确的工作计划所束缚。选项A符合原文。

3.细节判断题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句"The"tough-minded"schoolofworkers...undertheinfluenceofinspiration.""意志坚强"的工人学派通常非常鄙视那种认为好的工作只能在灵感的影响下自发完成的想法。选项D只是换了另一种表达方法,与原文表达一致,所以正确。

4.同义辨析题。结合第一段的的最后一句"asthemoodtakesthem"可知fit指的是"whentheyareinthemood",所以选项B正确。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知,本文主要讲述的是学习和自律之间的关系,选项C更能概括全文。

19.单选题

Huntingforajoblatelastyear,lawyerGantRedmonstumbledacrossCareerBuilder,ajobdatabaseontheInternet.Hesearcheditwithnosuccessbutwasattractedbythesite's“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.Redmonchosethekeywordslegal,intellectualproperty,andWashington,D,C.Threeweekslater,hegothisfirstnotificationofanopening."IstruckgoldsaysRedmon,whoe-mailedhisresumetotheemployerandwonapositionasin-housecounselforacompany.

Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesontheInternet,findingpromisingopeningscanbetime-consumingandinefficient,Searchagentsreducetheneedforrepeatedvisitstothedatabases.ButalthoughasearchagentworkedforRedmon,careerexpertsseedrawbacks.Narrowingyourcriteria,forexample,mayworkagainstyou:Everytimeyouansweraquestionyoueliminateapossibility,saysoneexpert.

Foranyjobsearch,youshouldstartwithanarrowconceptwhatyouthinkyouwanttodo-thenbroadenit."Noneoftheseprogramsdothatsaysanotherexpert."there'snocareercounselingimplicitinallofthis."Instead,thebeststrategyistousetheagentasakindoftipservicetokeepabreastofjobsinaparticulardatabase,whenyougete-mail,consideritaremindertocheckthedatabaseagain."Iwouldnotrelyonagentsforfindingeverythingthatisaddedtoadatabasethatmightinterestme,saystheauthorofajob-searchingguide.

Somesitesdesigntheiragentstotemptjobhunterstoreturn.WhenCareerSite'sagentsendsoutmessagestothosewhohavesignedupforitsservice,forexample,itincludesonlythreepotentialjobsthoseitconsidersthebestmatches.Theremaybemorematchesinthedatabase;jobhunterswillhavetovisitthesiteagaintofindthemandtheydo."Onthedayafterwesendourmessages,weseeasharpincreaseinourtraffic,saysSethPeets,vicepresidentofmarketingforCareerSite.Eventhosewhoaren’thuntingforjobsmayfindsearchagentsworthwhile.Someusethemtokeepaclosewatchonthedemandfortheirlineofworkorgatherinformationoncompensationtoarmthemselveswhennegotiatingforaraise.Althoughhappilyemployed,RedmonmaintainshisagentatCareerBuilder,"Youalwayskeepyoureyesopen,hesays.Workingwithapersonalsearchagentmeanshavinganothersetofeyeslookingoutforyou.

1.HowdidRedmonfindhisjob?

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeadisadvantageofsearchagents?

3.Theexpression"tipservice"(Line4,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.WhydoesCareerSite'sagentoffereachjobhunteronlythreejoboptions?

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

问题1选项

A.Bysearchingopeningsinajobdatabase.

B.Bypostingamatchingpositioninadatabase.

C.Byusingaspecialserviceofadatabase.

D.Bye-mailinghisresumetoadatabase.

问题2选项

A.Lackofcounseling.

B.Limitednumberofvisits.

C.Lowerefficiency.

D.Fewersuccessfulmatches.

问题3选项

A.advisory

B.compensation

C.interaction

D.reminder

问题4选项

A.Tofocusonbetterjobmatches.

B.Toattractmorereturningvisits.

C.Toreservespaceformoremessages.

D.Toincreasetherateofsuccess.

问题5选项

A.Personalsearchagentsareindispensabletojob-hunters.

B.Somesiteskeepe-mailingjobseekerstotracetheirdemands.

C.Personalsearchagentsarealsohelpfultothosealreadyemployed.

D.Someagentsstopsendinginformationtopeopleoncetheyareemployed.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第一段中ajobdatabaseontheInternet...“personalsearchagent”.It'saninteractivefeaturethatletsvisitorskeyinjobcriteriasuchaslocation,title,andsalarythenE-mailsthemwhenamatchingpositionispostedinthedatabase.可知Redmon是通过使用数据库的特殊服务找到工作的，因此选C。

第2题:细节事实题。