考研考博-英语-北京邮电大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京邮电大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thebarintheclubisforthe（

）useofitsmembers.

问题1选项

A.extensive

B.exclusive

C.inclusive

D.comprehensive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。extensive大量的，广泛的；exclusive排外的，独有的；inclusive包括的，包含的；comprehensive综合的，广泛的。句意：该俱乐部的酒吧仅供其会员使用。由空格后的useofitsmembers可知该酒吧仅供其内部会员使用。故B项符合句意，答案B。

2.单选题

Theyearwas1959.Location:ThecentralAfricancityofLeopoldville,nowcalledKinshasa,shortlybeforethewavesofviolentrebellionthatfollowedtheliberationoftheBelgianCongo.AseeminglyhealthymanwalkedintoahospitalclinictogivebloodforaWestern-backedstudyofblooddiseases.Hewalkedawayandwasneverheardfromagain.Doctorsanalyzedhissample,frozeitinalesttubeandforgotaboutit.Aquarter-centurylater,inthemid-1980s,researchersstudyingthegrowingAIDSepidemictookasecondlookatthebloodanddiscoveredthatitcontainedHIV,thevirusthatcausesAIDS.

AndnotjustanyHIV.TheLeopoldvillesampleistheoldestspecimenoftheAIDSviruseverisolatedandmaynowhelpsolvethemysteryofhowandwhenthevirusmadetheleapfromanimals(monkeysorchimpanzees)tohumans,accordingtoareportpublishedlastweekinNature.Dr.DavidHo,directoroftheAaronDiamondAIDSResearchCenterinNewYorkCityandoneofthestudy’sauthors,saysacarefulgeneticanalysisofsample’sDNApushestheputativeoriginoftheAIDSepidemicbackatleastadecade,totheearly1950soreventhe1940s.

Overthepast15years,scientistshaveidentifiedatleast10subtypesoftheAIDSvirus.Buttheycouldn’ttellwhethertheywereseeingvariationsononechangeablevirusorthehandiworkofseveraldifferentvirusesthathadmadethejumpfromprimatestoman.AcloselookatthegeneticmutationsintheLeopoldvillesamplestronglysuggeststhatallitlooktolaunchtheAIDSepidemicwasoneunluckyturnofevents.

BycomparingtheDNAofthe1959viruswiththatofsamplestakenfromthe1980sand1990s,HoandhiscolleaguesconstructedaviralfamilytreeinwhichtheLeopoldvilleisolatesitsrightatthejuncturewherethreesubtypesbranchout.The39-year-oldspecimenisalsostrikinglysimilartotheothersevensubtypes.Theclearimplication:alltheviralstrainscanbetracedbacktoasingleeventoracloselyrelatedgroupofevents.OnetheoryisthatAIDSstartedthroughcontactwithinfectedmonkeysinaremoteareaandspreadtotherestofthepopulationthroughurbanizationandmassinoculations.

ThefindingsunderscorehowrapidlyHIVcanadapttoitssurroundings,makingitdevilishlydifficulttodevelopeffectivevaccines.NooneknowshowmanymoresubtypesofHIVwillsproutinthenext40years,butchancesarethattheywillbeeverybitaslethalastheonesweseetoday,ifnotmoreso.

1.Whatdoesthephrase“BelgianCongo”mean?

2.Accordingtothisarticle,HIVinhumanbodyoriginatedfrom______.

3.ArethetensubtypesoftheAIDSvirusvariationofone?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttopicforthispassage?

问题1选项

A.BelgiumwasacolonyofCongo.

B.CongowasacolonyofBelgium.

C.BelgianCongowasanAfricanstate.

D.BelgiumandCongoweretwoseparatecountries.

问题2选项

A.animals

B.plants

C.food

D.notmentionedinthearticle

问题3选项

A.Yes.

B.No.

C.Scientistsarenotsureaboutitatpresent.

D.Itisnotmentionedinthearticle.

问题4选项

A.Alltheviralstrainscanbetracedbacktoasingleevent.

B.HIVcannoteasilyadapttoitssurroundings.

C.AIDSstartedthroughcontactwithinflectedmonkeysinaremotearea.

D.AIDSstartedthroughurbanizationandmassinoculations.

问题5选项

A.HowtoProtectYourselffromAIDS?

B.WhereDoesHIVComeFrom?

C.ClassificationofHIV.

D.WhenDidAIDSBegin?

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.语义推测题。由题干关键词“BelgianCongo”可以定位到文章第一段第二句Location:ThecentralAfricancityofLeopoldville,nowcalledKinshasa,shortlybeforethewavesofviolentrebellionthatfollowedtheliberationoftheBelgianCongo.（地点：非洲中部城市利奥波德维尔，现称金沙萨，就在比属刚果解放后暴力叛乱浪潮爆发前不久。），比属刚果是比利时对刚果殖民统治时期对刚果的称呼，说明“BelgianCongo”是指“比利时的殖民地刚果”。因此B选项“刚果是比利时的一个殖民地”正确。A选项“比利时是刚果的一个殖民地”，C选项“比属刚果是一个非洲国家”，D选项“比利时和刚果是两个独立的国家”均不符合题意，所以A,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第二句TheLeopoldvillesampleistheoldestspecimenoftheAIDSviruseverisolatedandmaynowhelpsolvethemysteryofhowandwhenthevirusmadetheleapfromanimalstohumans,accordingtoareportpublishedlastweekinNature.（根据上周发表在《自然》杂志上的一份报告，利奥波德维尔样本是迄今为止分离出来的最古老的艾滋病病毒样本，现在可能有助于解开该病毒是如何以及何时从动物传染给人类的谜团。），说明人体内的HIV来源于动物。因此A选项“动物”正确。B选项“植物”，C选项“食物”，D选项“文章中没有提到”均不符合原文，所以B,C,D错误。

3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句Overthepast15years,scientistshaveidentifiedatleast10subtypesoftheAIDSvirus.Buttheycouldn’ttellwhethertheywereseeingvariationsononechangeablevirusorthehandiworkofseveraldifferentvirusesthathadmadethejumpfromprimatestoman.（在过去的15年里，科学家们已经确认了至少10种艾滋病病毒的亚型。但是他们不能确定他们看到的是一种可变病毒的变异，还是几种不同病毒从灵长类动物传染给人类的结果。），说明科学家还不能确定艾滋病病毒的十种亚型是一种的变异。因此C选项“科学家们目前还不能确定”正确。A选项“是”，B选项“不是”，D选项“文章中没有提到”均不符合原文，所以A,B,D错误。

4.客观细节题。A选项“所有的病毒菌株都可以追溯到一个单一事件”，由原文Theclearimplication:alltheviralstrainscanbetracedbacktoasingleeventoracloselyrelatedgroupofevents.（显而易见的是：所有的病毒毒株都可以追溯到一个单一事件或一组密切相关的事件。）可知，病毒毒株不只可以追溯到单一时间，还有密切相关的一组事件，所以A错误。B选项“艾滋病病毒不容易适应其周围环境”，由原文ThefindingsunderscorehowrapidlyHIVcanadapttoitssurroundings（这些发现强调了艾滋病毒适应环境的速度有多快）可知，艾滋病病毒很容易适应周围环境，所以B错误。D选项“艾滋病是通过城市化和大规模接种开始的”，由原文spreadtotherestofthepopulationthroughurbanizationandmassinoculations.（通过城市化和大规模接种传播到其他人群。）可知，艾滋病是通过城市化和大规模接种传播，而不是由其开始，所以D错误。C选项“艾滋病是通过与偏远地区的受感染的猴子接触开始的”，由原文AIDSstartedthroughcontactwithinfectedmonkeysinaremotearea（艾滋病起源于与偏远地区受感染的猴子的接触）可知，艾滋病是通过与偏远地区受感染的猴子接触开始的，C选项符合原文，所以本题选C。

5.主旨大意题。结合全文可知，文章首先描述了利奥波德维尔的一位看似健康的男性到医院抽血，25年后艾滋病研究者从中发现了艾滋病病毒。接着进一步强调并不只是发现了艾滋病病毒这么简单，之后介绍了该部分血液中发现的艾滋病毒并对其进行研究的重要意义。因此B选项“艾滋病病毒从何而来”符合文章的主旨，最适合作为文章标题。A选项“如何保护自己远离艾滋病”，C选项“艾滋病病毒的分类”在文中没有提及，所以A,C错误。D选项“艾滋病是什么时候开始的”只是文章的某一部分，不能全面地概括文章主旨，所以D错误。

3.单选题

“Twohundredeightmillion,twohundredninemillion,twohundredtenmillion...”ThatisthesoundofsolidwastehittingthebottomofgarbagecansalloverUnitedStatesin1996.Solidwastesarematerialsthatarediscardedorthrownawayafterusebyconsumersandbusinesses.Thisdoesnotincludefluidmaterials.Duringthatyear,Americansthrewaway210milliontons(about43pounds/20kilogramsperpersondaily)ofgarbage.Wethrowaway12.4milliontonsofglassandabout80milliontonsofpaperproducts.Americaalsothrowsawaylargeamounts(intons)offoodscraps,yardwastes,plastics,sludgefromsewagetreatmentplants,andothermaterials.Thatisalmostamountainofgarbage.

Eventhoughwemakeanefforttorecycleandcompostoursolidwaste,theamountofwastekeepsincreasingeachyear.Ourbiggestproblemiswheretoputthesolidwasteandhowtokeepitfrompollutingourenvironment.Ifsolidwasteisdisposedofincorrectly,itcancontaminateoursurfaceandundergroundwatersupplies.Currently,ourmunicipalwasteorwastecollectedbyourcitiesandtowns,goestolandfills.Today,about85%ourgarbagegoestolandfillsorgarbagedumps.Thiswastemustbetreatedtokeeprats,fliesandotheranimalsfrombuildingtheirhomeinthelandfills.Thetreatalsopreventsthegrowthofbacteriaandotherorganismthatcarrydiseases.So,howdowehandlethismountainofgarbage?Scientistshavecomeupwithdifferentmethodsforhandlingourwasteproblem.

OnetypeofwastedisposalcalledsanitarylandfillwasfirstusedinFresnoCalifornia,in1937.Insanitarylandfill,thesolidwasteisspreadinthinlayersthatcompactedandcoveredwithalayerofearth.Thisisamoreexpensivemethod,butittakesawaythehazardsthatarecausedbylandfills.Italsoallowedthelandtobeusedforbuildingorrecreation.Thenegativeofthelandfillsisthatit’stoughtofindopenlandandthisprocessisveryexpensive.Thelandalsoneedsitswatersourcesprotectedsothatthewaterwillnotpollutethewatersupply.Landfill(waterdumps)andsanitarylandfillsrelyonthenaturalbiodegradabilityofthesolidwastes.Solidwastearebiodegradableiftheycandecayorbreakdownthroughtheactionoflivingorganismsandreturntotheearth.Howevercertainmaterialstakelongertodecaythanothers,andsomematerialsdonotdecayordecomposeatall.Scientistsneedtofindothermethodsofwastedisposal.Incinerationandrecyclingaremethodsthatarecurrentlyinusetoday.

1.Thispassageisaboutdisposalproblemofsolidwaste（）.

2.Fromthearticlewecaninferthat（）.

3.Accordingtothearticle,about（）isdumpedtolandfills.

4.Theword“recycle”(Line1,Paragraph2)means（）.

5.Accordingtothearticle,whichoneofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

问题1选项

A.byconsumers

B.inCalifornia

C.bymunicipalgovernment

D.inAmerica

问题2选项

A.treatmentofthesolidisahardnuttocrack

B.solutionforproperdisposalwillbefoundsoon

C.Californiasetagoodexampleinsolidwastein1930s

D.thegovernmentremainsconfidentaboutthesolidwaste

问题3选项

A.12.4milliontonsofgarbage

B.80milliontonsofgarbage

C.85%ofthegarbage

D.92.4tonsofgarbage

问题4选项

A.tosendsomethingfaraway

B.tothrowsomethingawaytotherightplace

C.toconvertwasteintoreusablematerial

D.toturnintofertilizers

问题5选项

A.Solidwastedoesnotincludefluidmaterials.

B.SanitarylandfillisatypeofwastedisposalmethodonceusedinCalifornia.

C.Burningisnotamethodthatisusedtoday.

D.Compostingisstilloneofthewaystohandlethemountainofgarbage

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句“ThatisthesoundofsolidwastehittingthebottomofgarbagecansalloverUnitedStates.”可知，本文主要讲的是全美国的固体垃圾处理问题，所以选项D正确。

2.信息归纳题。根据原文可知，尽管我们一直在为处理固体垃圾不断努力，但每年废弃物的数量都在不断增加，由此可知，这是一个棘手的难题，选项A正确；焚烧和回收是目前正在使用的方法，科学家需要找到其他废物处理方法，由此可知这是一个漫长的过程，所以选项B不正确；根据最后一段，加州虽然首次使用了卫生填埋的方法，但存在很多弊端，所以选项C不正确；选项D在文中没有提及。

3.事实细节题。根据第二段“Today,about85%ourgarbagegoestolandfillsorgarbagedumps.”大约85%的垃圾进入了垃圾填埋场或垃圾场。选项C符合原文。

4.词义推断题。“recycle”指循环利用。选项C将废物转化为可重复使用的材料，正确。

5.是非判断题。根据第一段“Thisdoesnotincludefluidmaterials.”可知选项A正确；根据第三段第一句“OnetypeofwastedisposalcalledsanitarylandfillwasfirstusedinFresnoCalifornia.”可知选项B正确;根据最后一段最后一句“Incinerationandrecyclingaremethodsthatarecurrentlyinusetoday.”可知选项C错误；根据第二段第一句“Eventhoughwemakeanefforttorecycleandcompostoursolidwaste”可知选项D正确。所以本题选C。

4.单选题

WhenRobertShiller,aYaleeconomistandbestsellingauthor,toldacrowdoffinanceprofessorsandeconomicsstudentslastspringthatonly10percentofhismoneywasinvestedinstocks,theygasped.

Managersmightsuggestanywherefrom50to90percent.But10percent?Thiswasheresy.

Howabout0percent?

That’sthesharethatinvestorsshouldplowintodomesticstocks,accordingtoBenInker,directorofassetallocationforGrantham,Mayo,andVanOtterloo&,Co.(GMO),amoney-managementfirmwithsome$85billioninassets.

Welcometoacontrarianviewoftoday'sequitymarkets.Asmallbutvocalbandofhereticsiscallingintoquestionnotonlytheprofitpotentialofstocksbutalsothefoundationforconventionalwisdomaboutinvesting.Evenforthosewhodisagreewiththem,theirargumentsserveasarealitycheckforthemarket.

Areconventionalportfoliosreallyassafeasexpertssay?

“Don’tbesurprisedthattheWallStreetbrokeragefirmsspendmostoftheirtimetellingyouthatstocksarecheap,”warnsMr.Inker.“WallStreetlikesthemarket.Itlikestrading.WallStreetmakesalotmoremoneyoffoftradingstocksthantradingbonds.”

Thetrickistodetermineyourportfolio’sexposuretorisk,analystssay.Andthatdepends——toasurprisinglylargedegreeonhowdiversifieditisandhowlongyou’repreparedtostaythecourse.Thesearekeyelementsof“modemportfoliotheory,”whichcameintobeinginthe1950sandeventuallywonitscreator,HarryMarkowitz,aNobelPrize

Essentially,portfoliotheoryholdsthatinvestorsreapthegreatestreturnwiththeleastriskwhentheyallocatetheirmoneyamongdiverseclassesofassets,holdthemforthelongterm,andrebalancetheportfoliowhenthevariousclassesofassetsstraytoofarfromtheiroriginalallocation.

Tomakeitwork,youneedtoownassetclassesthatdon'tmoveinlockstep,makeaccurateestimatesoftheirfuturereturns,anduseaverylongtimehorizon.Amiscalculationinevenoneofthesesteps,however,canseriouslyhurltheprospectsforreachingyourultimategoal.

“Thelong-termnatureisthedrivingforceoftheportfolio,”saysJerryKorabilk,vicepresidentofIbbotsonAssociates,aChicago-basedassetallocationadviser.“Allofourclientsareinstitutions,andwedevelopportfolioswith10-,20-,even30-yeartimehorizons.”

Ridingtherollercoaster

Thus,investorsshouldnevertrytogetinandoutofthemarketatspecifictimes,thetheoryholds.Instead,theyshouldridetheinevitableebbandflowofprices.Iftheyhaveallocatedtheirmoneycorrectly,someportionoftheirportfoliowillalmostalwaysbemakingmoney.Byrebalancingtheirportfoliosperiodically——sellingoffsomeofthewinningassetclassesandbuyingmoreofthelosers—theyarecontinuallybuyinglowandsellinghigh,atleastinarelativesense.

Thisbuy-and-holdstrategyhaswonoverhordesofinvestors.TheaverageFidelityretirementaccounthasnearly60percentofitsmoneyinstocks,arecentstudyfound.Theoverallaverageforretirementaccounts:61percent,accordingtotheEmployeeBenefitResearchInstitute.Evenequityallocationsforcollegeanduniversityendowmentshoveraround57.1percent,saystheNationalAssociationofCollegeandUniversityBusinessOfficers.

Theproblemisthatinvestorssometimeshavetobeextraordinarilypatientforthestrategytopayoff.In1981,forexample,theS&P500indexstoodatthesamelevelitfirstachievedin1965.Todaytheindexisabout30percentlowerthanitspeakin2000.Doinvestorsreallyhavetoputupwithsuchlongperiodsoflosses?

Profitsofimpatience

No,sayasmallcontingentofmoneymanagers.Byavoidingthestockmarketastheirprimaryengineforprofitduringthepastfiveyears,severalofthesemanagershavepostedgoodreturns.

TakethePermanentPortfolioFund.Unlikemanybalancedfunds,whichdiversifyprimarilybetweenstocksandbonds.Itencompassesamuchwidervarietyofassets:20percentgoldbullionandcoins,5percentsilverbullionandcoins,10percentSwissfrancdenominatedassets(typicallySwissgovernmentbonds),15percentUSandforeignrealestateandnatural-resourcecompanystocks,15percentaggressive-growthstocks,and35percentindollarassets(Treasurysecuritiesinvaryingmaturitiesandalsoshort-term,high-gradebonds).

Overthepastfiveyears,whiletheS&P500hasslippedbackward,thePermanentPortfolioFundhasaveragedastartling10.1percentgrowthperyear.

“Wedon’tcorrelatetoanyindexbecauseweowndifferentassets,”saysthefund'smanager,MichaelGuggino.“Inmarketswherestocksandequitiesaregoingsidewaysordown,weperformverywellbecauseourdiversificationismuchbroader.Ifequitiesgogangbusterslikeinthe90s,clearlywearegoingtounderperformbecausewewon’tbetotallyinstocks.”

Indeed,thefundlaggedsignificantlyduringtheboomyearsofthe1990s,causingaverageannualreturnsforthedecadetotrailtheS&P500byfourpercentagepoints.

1.Accordingto“modemportfoliotheory,”weshould（）.

2.Inthelastparagraph,“Thefundlaggedsignificantlyduringtheboomyearsof1990s,causingaverageannualreturnsforthedecadetotrailtheS&P500byfourpercentagepoints.”Weseefromthissentencethat（

）.

3.Whatattitudedoestheauthorhavetowardsconventionalportfolios?

4.Inthelast2ndparagraph,“Ifequitiesgogangbusterslikeinthe1990s,clearlywearegoingtounder-performbecausewewon’tbetotallyinstocks.”Weknowfromthissentenceallofthefollowingexceptthat（）.

问题1选项

A.buyonesinglykindofstocks

B.neversellourstocks

C.sellstockswhosepricesgorelativelytoohighinourportfolio

D.buystockswhosepricesfluctuatesatthesamepace

问题2选项

A.thefund'sprofitswerenotgoodenough

B.thefund'sperformanceduringthe1990sisverypoor

C.thefundlostmoneyduringthe1990s

D.thefunddidexceedinglywellduringthe1990s

问题3选项

A.Skeptical

B.Scathing

C.Detached

D.Boastful

问题4选项

A.the1990ssawaboomingstockmarket

B.“we”underperformedduringthe1990s

C.“we”willchangeourcourseofaction

D.“we”arenottotallyinstocks

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据现代资产组合理论，我们应该……”。文章第八段提到“这在很大程度上取决于资产的分散性和你打算持有多久。这些是现在资产组合理论的关键部分”（Andthatdepends——toasurprisinglylargedegree——onhowdiversifieditisandhowlongyou'repreparedtostaythecourse.Thesearekeyelementsof“modernportfoliotheory”…），可知强调的是多样性，而不是“单个”，因此选项A可以排除；文章第十段提到“为了让它（投资组合）起作用，你需要拥有不同类型且不同步变化的资产，并且你还需要对资产进行预估”（Tomakeitwork,youneedtoownassetclassesthatdon’tmoveinlockstep,makeaccurateestimatesoftheirfuturereturns,anduseaverylongtimehorizon），因此选项D中的atthesamepace错误，可以排除；文章第九段rebalancetheportfolio,第十二段提到“平衡投资组合包括出售一些盈利的资产，买入更多亏损的资产类别”（Byrebalancingtheirportfoliosperiodicallysellingoffsomeofthewinningassetclassesandbuyingmoreofthelosers），因此选项B错误。综上，选项C符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“我们从最后一段的这句话中了解到了什么？”文章最后一句提到“实际上，在上世纪90年代的繁荣时期，该基金表现明显滞后，导致这十年的平均年回报率落后于标准普尔500指数4个百分点”（Indeed,thefundlaggedsignificantlyduringtheboomyearsofthe1990s,causingaverageannualreturnsforthedecadetotrailtheS&P500byfourpercentagepoints），由此可以推断在90年代股市暴涨在基金中不明显，因此选项A符合题意。

3.观点态度题。题目问的是“对于传统资产组合，作者是何种态度？”文章第六段提问道“传统的资产组合真的像专家们所说的那样安全吗？”下文对此进行解答，因此选项C“客观的”符合题意。skeptical“怀疑的”；scathing“严厉的”；boastful“自夸的，自负的”。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“我们从倒数第二段的这句话中了解到以下信息，除了……”该句出现在倒数第二段最后一句话，意思是“如果股票像90年代那样行情火爆，那么很明显，我们的运作将会差于一般市场价格，因为我们不会完全投资于股市”，“90年代股票市场繁荣”“‘我们’在90年代运作不佳”“‘我们’没有完全投资于股市”均在句子中体现了，只有C选项没有体现，因此该选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Whenmakingmoderncameraspeoplebeganto（

）plasticsformetal.

问题1选项

A.surround

B.substance

C.stretch

D.substitute

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。surround“包围”；substance“物质；实质”；stretch“伸展，拉紧”；substitute“替代，代替”。

句意：在制造现代相机时，人们开始用塑料代替金属。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Manyyearsago,alotoffactorieswere（

）frombigcitiestothemountainousareasincaseofwar.

问题1选项

A.transferred

B.transformed

C.transmitted

D.transported

【答案】A

【解析】考查形似动词词义辨析。transfer“转移；调任”；transform“改变，使······变形；转换”；transmit“传输；传播”；transport“运输；运送”。句意：很多年前，如果有战争，大量的工厂就会从大城市被转移到山区。选项A符合题意。

7.单选题

Lestanyone______itstrange,letmeassureyouthatitisquitetrue.

问题1选项

A.thought

B.hadthought

C.shouldthink

D.thinking

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.thought认为B.hadthought认为

C.shouldthink认为D.thinking认为

【考查点】虚拟语气。

【解题思路】lest表示“以免”，在这表示一种假设的情况，所以要用虚拟语气shoulddo，故空格处要填入shouldthink，该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项不符合虚拟语气用法。

【句意】以免有人大惊小怪，我在此证实事实属实。

8.单选题

WouldyoumindifI___youafewquestions?

问题1选项

A.amasking

B.willask

C.asked

D.shouldask

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你介意我问你几个问题吗？根据句意可知是提出现在的条件，则主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形，从句：动词过去式。C选项正确。

9.单选题

（

）everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

问题1选项

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主语。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词was，缺少主语，因此选C。

句意：首先开发的是赛璐珞，一种天然樟脑和硝酸纤维素的混合物。

10.单选题

Whenherealizedhehadbeen（）tosignthecontractbyintrigue,hethreatenedtostartlegalproceedingstocanceltheagreement.

问题1选项

A.elicited

B.excited

C.deduced

D.induced

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意：当他意识到自己上当欺骗，被

签约时，他威胁说要通过法律程序终止协议。

elicit引出，探出；excite为……感到兴奋；deduce推论，演绎；induce引诱，诱导。A项elicited虽然语义上符合句意，但是elicited形容主语时一般为主动形式，这里是被动，所以排除。

11.单选题

1.Herwholebeingwasfilledwithavague______,whichwaslikeashadow,likeamistpassingacrosshersoul’ssummerday.

2.Asshehadforgottenherkeys,shegotintothehousebythesimple______ofclimbingthroughawindow.

3.Alltheticketsfortheconcerthadbeensold.FortunatelyIknewoneoftheactorsandbyworkingthe______wewereabletoseeit.

4.Nuclearexplosioncanbeafatal______thatwillcauseheavylossoflife.

5.ProfessorSmithpossessesa______.That’swhyheissopopularwithhisstudents.

问题1选项

A.deference

B.oracle

C.impediment

D.anguish

E.appellation

F.expedient

G.catastrophe

H.cubicle

I.charisma

J.paragon

问题2选项

A.deference

B.oracle

C.impediment

D.anguish

E.appellation

F.expedient

G.catastrophe

H.cubicle

I.charisma

J.paragon

问题3选项

A.deference

B.oracle

C.impediment

D.anguish

E.appellation

F.expedient

G.catastrophe

H.cubicle

I.charisma

J.paragon

问题4选项

A.deference

B.oracle

C.impediment

D.anguish

E.appellation

F.expedient

G.catastrophe

H.cubicle

I.charisma

J.paragon

问题5选项

A.deference

B.oracle

C.impediment

D.anguish

E.appellation

F.expedient

G.catastrophe

H.cubicle

I.charisma

J.paragon

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:F

第3题:B

第4题:G

第5题:I

【解析】【选项释义】

A.deference遵从，尊重n.B.oracle神谕，神示n.

C.impediment妨碍，阻碍n.D.anguish剧痛，极度痛苦n.

E.appellation名称，称呼n.F.expedient权宜之计，应急办法n./adj.

G.catastrophe灾难，灾祸n.H.cubicle（大房间分隔出的）小房间，隔间n.

I.charisma超凡的个人魅力，感召力n.J.paragon完人，典范n.

1.【答案】D

【解题思路】分析题目可知，空缺处缺少名词。结合修饰空格处的定语从句“这种______像阴影，像笼罩她心灵的夏日的薄雾”可知，空格处填入anguish表示“痛苦，苦恼”符合语境。因此，本题正确答案为D项。

【句意】她的整个身心充满了一种隐隐约约的痛苦，这种痛苦像阴影，像笼罩她心灵的夏日的薄雾。

2.【答案】F

【解题思路】分析题目可知，空缺处缺少名词。由句子意思“因为她忘记带钥匙，她以从爬窗子这种最简单的______进入了房间”可知，空格处填入expedient表示“应急手段”符合语境。因此，本题正确答案为F项。

【句意】由于忘了带钥匙，她以从爬窗子这种最简单的应急办法进入了房间。

3.【答案】B

【解题思路】分析题目可知，空缺处缺少work的宾语，因此应选择名词。第二句的意思是“幸运的是，我认识其中一个演员，我们通过______才看成了音乐会”，而短语worktheoracle原本表示“收买僧侣以得到所希望的神谕”，在这可引申为“走关系”，因此该题选择B项。

【句意】音乐会的票都卖完了。幸运的是，我认识其中一个演员，我们通过走关系才看成了音乐会。

4.【答案】G

【解题思路】分析题目可知，空缺处缺少名词。由前面的关键词Nuclearexplosion（核爆炸）可知，空格处表示“灾难”符合句意。因此，该题选择G项。

【句意】核爆炸可能是致命的灾难，会造成重大的生命损失。

5.【答案】I

【解题思路】分析题目可知，空缺处缺少名词。根据第二句的句意“这就是为什么他在学生中那么受欢迎”可推知，第一句中的“史密斯教授”是有超凡的个人魅力。因此，该题选择I项。

【句意】史密斯教授具有超凡的魅力。这就是为什么他在学生中那么受欢迎。

12.单选题

Remembertoaskfora（

）ofqualityforthesegoods;otherwisetheywillnotofferanymaintenance.

问题1选项

A.warranty

B.promise

C.certificate

D.receipt

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项warranty“保证，担保”；B选项promise“许诺，允诺”；C选项certificate“证书”；D选项receipt“收据”。

句意：记住要对这些货物要求质量保证；否则他们将不提供任何维修。选项A符合语境。

13.单选题

Theconferencechairmanmadea（

）statementbeforebeginningthemainbusinessoftheafternoonsession.

问题1选项

A.interesting

B.renewable

C.reversible

D.preliminary

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容词词义辨析。interesting“有趣的”；renewable“可再生的”；reversible“可逆的，可撤销的”；preliminary“初步的，开始的”。句意：在开始下午的主要议程之前，会议主席致了开幕词。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Beforetheinterview,eachcandidatehadtohavea（

）medicalexamination.

问题1选项

A.porous

B.vigorous

C.thesaurus

D.rigorous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。porous“能渗透的，有气孔的”；vigorous“精力充沛的”；thesaurus“宝库，辞典”；rigorous“严格的，严厉的”。句意：在面试之前，每个候选人都必须进行严格的体检。D项符合题意。

15.单选题

AsmanyasoneinfourU.S.workersmaybechronicallyangryonthejob,withangryemployeesalsomorelikelytobebored,havelowenergyandfeel"stuck"intheirposts,accordingtoareportTuesday.Employeesaremostlikelytobeangeredbyabossorsupervisorbyafellowemployeeorbyothersintheworkplacenotbeingproductive,bytightdeadlinesorbyheavyworkloads,saidDonaldGibson,aprofessorattheYaleSchoolofManagement.

"Aturbulenteconomicenvironmentthathasproduced,ontheonehand,productivityandgrowthand,ontheother,wrenchingchangeanduncertainty,hasbuffetedtheworkplace,"thereportsaiD."Whileamajorityofemployeesarerespondingtotheseconditionswithreportsofworkplacesatisfactionthereremainasubstantialportionwhoaredissatisfied,evenangry,atwork,"itaddeD."Mostvisibly,angerislinkedtoworkplaceaggression,whichappearstobeincreasing:Weareweeklyconfrontedwithstoriesofworkerstakingaggressive,evenviolent,actionparticularlyagainstsupervisors."Thesurveyfoundthat25percentofthosecontactedsaidtheywereatleastsomewhatangryatworkonacontinuingbasis.Angryemployeestendtohavelessenergyandinterestinthejob,andtendalsotobebored,accordingtoGibson.Andangryemployeestendtofeel"stuck"inthejoB.Thestudydidnotspeculateonwhatpercentageofangryworkersarelikelytoresorttoviolence.Itdidfindthattheyfeellessloyaltoanemployer.TherehavebeenanumberofworkplaceshootingsintheUnitedStatesovertheyears,mostrecentlyrampagesinGeorgiaandAlabamawhichleft12dead.

1.What'sthemeaningof"stuck"inLine2ParA.1?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theangryworkersaremorelikelytodothefollowingEXCEPT（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseforanger?

4.Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?

5.Whichisbestfitforthetitle?

问题1选项

A.Attracted

B.Trapped

C.Puzzled

D.Irritated

问题2选项

A.quittheirjobs

B.feelboredom

C.havelessloyalty

D.resorttoviolence

问题3选项

A.Greatpressure.

B.Lessmotion.

C.Fearanduncertainty.

D.Quarrelwithabossorotheremployees.

问题4选项

A.Aconsiderablenumberofangryworkersdeveloptheirangelintoaggression.

B.Therelationshipbetweentheworkerandthebossistheprimaryreasonforangeratwork.

C.Angryworkersaremorelikelytolosetheirjobsthanothersasaresult.

D.Economicenvironmentmightbetherootcauseforthefeelingofangeratwork.

问题5选项

A.TheIncreasingViolenceofAngryWorkers.

B.ChronicAngerinU.S.Workplace.

C.TheCauseforAngryWorkers.

D.TheConflictbetweenCapitalandLabor.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.语义题。根据句意,许多工人会对工作感到厌倦、低迷,觉得在工作中不能胜任。stuck字面意思为"困住",被工作"困住",意为工作使他们困惑。选项C正确。

2.细节判断题。根据原文内容可知,处于愤怒中的员工会对工作感到无聊,忠诚度会降低,甚至有暴力倾向。只有选项A在文中没有提及。

3.细节判断题。根据第一段的最后一句"Employeesaremostlikelytobeangeredbyabossorsupervisorbyafellowemployeeorbyothersintheworkplacenotbeingproductive,bytightdeadlinesorbyheavyworkloads."员工最容易被老板或主管、同事或工作场所其他人的低效、紧迫的最后期限或沉重的工作负担激怒。只有选项B未提及。

4.细节推断题。根据第二段的第一句"Aturbulenteconomicenvironmentthathasproduced,ontheonehand,productivityandgrowthand,ontheother,wrenchingchangeanduncertainty,hasbuffetedtheworkplace."经济环境一方面的改变提升了生产力,另一方面带来了痛苦的变化和不确定性,对职场造成了冲击。由此推断,经济环境的改变可能是工作中产生愤怒情绪的根本原因。选项D正确。其他选项均表述错误。

5.主旨大义题。本文主要分析了angryworkers出现的原因以及现状。选项B更符合原文。

16.单选题

Thestructureofthisanimal'sbraingivenno（）thatitisanymoreintelligentthanothers.

问题1选项

A.indication

B.index

C.hint

D.implication

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配题。givenohintthat指"没有显示出，没有表明出"。句意：这种动物的大