考研考博-英语-北京联合大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第1页
考研考博-英语-北京联合大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第2页
考研考博-英语-北京联合大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第3页
考研考博-英语-北京联合大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第4页
考研考博-英语-北京联合大学考试押题三合一+答案详解1_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩494页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京联合大学考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Keplerreconciledastronomywithphysics,andsubstitutedforfictitiousclockworkauniverseofmaterialbodiesnotunliketheearth,freelyfloatingandturninginspace,movedbyforces(

).

问题1选项

A.actedonthem

B.beingactedonit

C.actingonthem

D.havingactedonit

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法知识。句意:开普勒综合了天文学和物理学,用宇宙中与地球相似的实质天体替换了虚构的运行规律,这些天体在天空中自由运动、旋转,由作用在他们上面的力驱动运转。本题考查的是分词做后置定语的用法,force与them是主动关系,因此act用现在分词形式。因此C选项符合题意。

2.单选题

Sobadly(

)inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.

问题1选项

A.didheinjure

B.injuredhim

C.washeinjured

D.hewasinjured

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:他在车祸里伤得太厉害了,以至于他不得不在医院待了几个月。sothat句子中,so位于句首时句子需要部分倒装,B、D排除;答案选C。

3.单选题

Theseillegalimmigrantshavetoworklonghoursadaydespitetheappallingworkingconditions.

问题1选项

A.bewildering

B.exasperating

C.dismaying

D.upsetting

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。appalling表示“可怕的,令人震惊的”;A项bewildering“使人困惑的”,B项exasperating“使人恼怒的”,C项dismaying“令人震惊的,令人惊恐的”,D项upsetting“令人心烦意乱的”。句意:尽管工作条件恶劣,这些非法移民每天还是得工作很长时间。根据句意可知,选择C项正确。

4.单选题

Salariesfor(

)positionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones.

问题1选项

A.legal

B.optional

C.voluntary

D.temporary

【答案】D

【解析】句意:做临时性的工作拿到的工资好像比固定工作要高。

形容词辨析。Legal法律的,合法的;optional可选择的,随意的;voluntary自愿的;temporary临时的。根据句子已知信息permanentones(固定工作)推测D符合句意。

5.单选题

Thereseemstobenoalternativebut_______theoffer.

问题1选项

A.accept

B.toaccept

C.accepting

D.hayingaccepted

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定结构。no...but或者nothingbut...后面接不定式to加动词原形,为固定句型。选项B正确。

6.单选题

______,theworseIseemtofeel.

问题1选项

A.WhenItakemoremedicine

B.ThemoremedicineItake

C.Takingmoreofthemedicine

D.Moremedicinetaken

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.WhenItakemoremedicine当我吃更多的药B.ThemoremedicineItake我吃的药越多

C.Takingmoreofthemedicine吃更多的药D.Moremedicinetaken更多的药被吃

【答案】B

【考查点】固定句式。

【解题思路】根据后面的theworse(更糟)可知,the+比较级,the+比较级表示“越……,越……”。因此,该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】

A、C项填入空格中,后面句子应该用正常语序;

D项缺少主语,且动词逻辑主语和后面句子的主语不一致。

【句意】我吃的药越多,感觉越糟。

7.单选题

A(n)______ofemploymentopportunities_____prospectiveemployeesenteringthejobmarket.

问题1选项

A.excess;impedes

B.surfeit;hinder

C.lack;inspires

D.dearth;discourages

【答案】D

【解析】考查词汇辨析。A选项excess“超过,超额;过度,过量;无节制”;impede“阻碍;妨碍;阻止”;B选项surfeit“过度;饮食过度;恶心(由于饮食过度所引起)”;hinder“成为阻碍;阻碍;打扰”;C选项lack“缺乏,不足”;inspire“激发;鼓舞;启示;产生;使生灵感”;D选项dearth“缺乏;饥馑;粮食不足”,较lack更正式;discourage“阻止;使气馁”。句意:就业机会的缺乏阻碍了未来的雇员进入就业市场。因此D选项正确。

8.单选题

Contestantswhodonot()theregulationswillbedisqualified.

问题1选项

A.cooperatewith

B.complywith

C.approve

D.submitto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项cooperatewith“合作,协作”;B选项complywith“遵从,依照”;C选项approve“赞成”;D选项submitto“屈服,顺从”。句意:不遵守规定的参赛者将被取消参赛资格。本句表示遵守比赛规定。因此B选项正确。

9.单选题

Underthis(

)pressuresomeoftherocksevenbecameliquid.

问题1选项

A.intensive

B.weighty

C.intense

D.bulky

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。intensive加强的,集中的;weighty重大的,重的;bulky庞大的,笨重的;intense极度的,强烈的,剧烈的。句意:在这种高强度的压力下,一些岩石甚至变成了液体。由“someoftherocksevenbecameliquid”可知岩石受到了极大的压力,故答案C

10.单选题

Theremarkable()oflifeontheGalopagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwintoestablishhistheoryofevolution.

问题1选项

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】词汇题。variety变种,

多样,

种种;classification分类,

类别,

级别;density

稠密,

密度;diversion转移,

消遣。根据句意,这里应该是生命的多样性。选项B正确。句意:加拉帕戈斯群岛上生命的显著多样性启发了查尔斯·达尔文建立了他的进化论。

11.单选题

Hisfameprovedtobeaflashinthepan—hisfirstbookwaspopularbuthehasn’twrittenanything(

)since.

问题1选项

A.innovative

B.descriptive

C.intangible

D.intelligible

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容词辨析。innovative“创新的”;descriptive“描述的”;intangible“无形的,难以琢磨的”;intelli“容易理解的”。句意:他的名气犹如昙花一现——他的第一本书很畅销,但之后再也没有写出有新意的东西。选项A符合句意。

12.单选题

ManysocialobserversinChinaareconcernedthatchildrengrowingupinvillagesawayfromtheirmotherandfatherlackofparentalloveandmayhavetroublebecomingresponsibleadultsastheyentertheirtwenties.

问题1选项

A.areconcernedthat

B.lackofparentallove

C.troublebecoming

D.astheyentertheirtwenties

E.没有错误

【答案】B

【解析】动词误用。Lack后面去掉of。动词lack(缺乏)为及物动词,可以直接作谓语动词,不需要加介词of。

13.单选题

The()pointofviewpresentsideasandfactsthatbothsupportersandopponentscanagree.

问题1选项

A.main

B.controversial

C.subjective

D.neutral

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项main“主要的,最大的”,B选项controversial“引起争论的,有争议的”,C选项subjective“主观的,个人的”,D选项neutral“中立的,中性的”,中立的观点代表了支持者和反对者都能认同的观点和事实。因此,D选项符合句意。

14.填空题

Directions:ForQuestions6-10,youwillhearaninterviewwithanexpertonmarriageproblems.Whileyoulisten,completethesentensesoranswerthequestions.Usenotmorethan3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandquestionsbelow.(5points)

6.Whatshouldbetheprimarysourceofhelpforatroubledcouple?

7.Writingdownalistofprobleminthemarriagemayhelpatroubledcouplediscussthem.

8.Whoshouldacoupleconsiderseriouslyturningtoiftheycan’ttalkwitheachother?

9.Priestsareusuallyunsuccessfulincounselingtroubledcouplesdespitetheir().

10.Accordingtotheoldnotion,whatwillmakeheartsgrowfonder?

【答案】6.(thecouple)themselves

7.constructively

8.aqualifiedpsychologist

9.goodintentions

10.absence

15.单选题

()morbidlyaggressiveperson,hewouldregardevenastareassomekindofintrusion.

问题1选项

A.A

B.Being

C.As

D.Tobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查句子成分。A选项A“一个;一位”;B选项Being“作为”引导主语从句;C选项As“作为”引导定语从句;D选项Tobe“成为”引导目的状语从句。主句hewouldregardevenastareassomekindofintrusion.(他甚至会把别人的凝视看作是一种冒犯。)句中成分完整,因此可排除B,C,D选项。句意:一个极其好斗的人,他甚至会把一个眼神注视当作一种侵犯。前面的句子用逗号隔开,可充当主语he的同位语。因此A选项符合题意。

16.单选题

TheUNSecurityCouncilinvestigatesquarrelsbetweennationsandsuggestswaysofsettlingthem.Ifanynationendangersthepeace,thecouncilmayuseeconomic(sanctions)againstit.

问题1选项

A.restrictions

B.oppressions

C.reforms

D.penalties

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。sanction表示“制裁,处罚,认可”;A项restriction“限制,约束,束缚”,B项oppression“压抑,镇压,压迫手段”,C项reform“改革,改良,改正”,D项penalty“罚款,罚金,处罚”。句意:联合国安理会负责调查国家间的争端,并提出解决办法;如果任何国家危及和平,安理会可以对其实施经济制裁。因此,根据句意可知D选项正确。

17.单选题

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluent(富裕的)SocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarII,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeservingrich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedUtopian(乌托邦式的)possibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity(肥胖症).Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

问题1选项

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

问题2选项

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

问题3选项

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.Healthcareandeducationalcosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

问题4选项

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

问题5选项

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfillment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段第二、三句Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith(为什么越来越多的财富不能带来越来越多的幸福呢?这个问题至少可以追溯到1958年约翰•肯尼斯•加尔布雷斯出版的《富裕社会》),说明约翰•肯尼斯•加尔布雷斯在《富裕社会》一书中提出了为什么财富不能带来幸福的问题。因此B选项“为什么富裕并不能保证幸福”正确。A选项“为什么统计数据不能说明经济的真相”,C选项“今天如何能促进幸福”,D选项“经济繁荣的背后是什么”在文中均没有提及,所以A,C,D错误。

2.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一句ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.(在加尔布雷斯看来,物质主义太盛行,会滋生不满情绪。),说明加尔布雷斯认为人们感觉不满意的原因是物质主义的肆虐。因此D选项“物质主义在现代社会肆意横行”正确。A选项“公共开支没有像预期的那样被削减”,B选项“政府已被证明是一种必要的罪恶”不是加尔布雷斯认为人们不满的观点,所以A,B错误。C选项“他们对另一次大萧条心存恐惧”,由原文可知,现代社会的美国已经消除了传统意义上的不幸:贫穷、疾病和寒冷,对经济萧条的恐惧不会成为他们不满的原因,所以C错误。

3.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants(人们感觉“财政紧张”,因为增长的收入满足不了他们越来越多的需求),说明物质追求超出了人们的收入。因此A选项“他们的物质追求已经远远超过了他们的收入”正确。B选项“他们的购买力随着通货膨胀而明显下降”,C选项“财富的分配在富人和穷人之间是不平衡的”,D选项“卫生保健和教育费用在某种程度上已经失去了控制”在文中均没有提及,所以B,C,D错误。

4.语义推测题。由题干关键词“thedisposableAmerican”可以定位到文章第五段Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkerstearthey’vebecomethedisposableAmericanasLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.(人们把工作的稳定性看作是他们生活水平的一部分。随着企业裁员的增加,这部分已经被侵蚀。路易斯•乌奇捷利在他的同名书中写道,越来越多的工人认为自己变成了“被遗弃的美国人”。),说明人们把工作稳定当作生活水平的一部分,而被解雇的人越多,这种工作安全感也就削弱了,“被遗弃的美国人”在文中是指“没有稳定工作的工人”。因此D选项“不再有稳定工作的工人”正确。A选项“那些把工作的稳定性看作是他们生活水平的一部分的人”,B选项“因富裕而产生乌托邦思想的人”,C选项“在美国政治中没有什么发言权的人”均不符合题意,所以A,B,C错误。

5.客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第七段第二句Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.(但是,对增长的追求导致了新的焦虑和经济冲突,扰乱了社会秩序。),说明追求富裕可能带来新的焦虑和经济冲突。因此C选项“新的冲突和抱怨”正确。A选项“重新获得经济保障”,B选项“一种自我实现的感觉”,D选项“痛苦和反社会行为”在文中均没有提及,所以A,B,D错误。

18.单选题

Sinceitsinception,Pakistanhasstriveddesperatelyto_____India,cultivatingtieswithanystatewillingtohelpit.

问题1选项

A.counteract

B.counterfeited

C.counterchange

D.counterbalance

【答案】A

【解析】counteract对抗,阻碍,中和;counterfeit伪造,假冒;counterchange交换,调换;counterbalance抵消,平衡。句意:从一开始,巴基斯坦就拼命对抗印度,与任何愿意帮助它的国家建立联系。选项A符合句意。

19.单选题

ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.Smallwonder.Americans,lifeexpectancyhasnearlydoubledoverthepastcentury.Failinghipscanbereplaced,clinicaldepressioncontrolled,cataractsremovedina30-minutesurgicalprocedure.SuchadvancesoffertheagingpopulationaqualityoflifethatwasunimaginablewhenIenteredmedicine50yearsago.Butnotevenagreathealth-caresystemcancuredeath—andourfailuretoconfrontthatrealitynowthreatensthisgreatnessofours.

Deathisnormal;wearegeneticallyprogrammedtodisintegrateandperish,evenunderidealconditions.Weallunderstandthatatsomelevel,yetasmedicalconsumerswetreatdeathasaproblemtobesolved.Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.

In1950,theU.S.spent$12.7billiononhealthcare.In2002,thecostwillbe$1,540billion.Anyonecanseethistrendisunsustainable.Yetfewseemwillingtotrytoreverseit.Somescholarsconcludethatagovernmentwithfiniteresourcesshouldsimplystoppayingformedicalcarethatsustainslifebeyondacertainage—say83orso.FormerColoradogovernorRichardLammhasbeenquotedassayingthattheoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”,sothatyounger,healthierpeoplecanrealizetheirpotential.

Iwouldnotgothatfar.Energeticpeoplenowroutinelyworkthroughtheir60sandbeyond,andremaindazzlinglyproductive.At78,ViacomchairmanSumnerRedstonejokinglyclaimstobe53.SupremeCourtJusticeSandraDayO’Connorisinher70s,andformersurgeongeneralC.EverettKoopchairsanInternetstart-upinhis80s.Theseleadersarelivingproofthatpreventionworksandthatwecanmanagethehealthproblemsthatcomenaturallywithage.Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.

Yettherearelimitstowhatasocietycanspendinthispursuit.Askaphysician,Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful.IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.Asanation,wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycureswhileunderfundingresearchonhumblertherapiesthatcouldimprovepeople’slives.

1.Whatisimpliedinthefirstsentence?

2.Theauthorusestheexampleofcancerpatientstoshowthat(

).

3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardRichardLamm’sremarkisoneof

).

4.IncontrasttotheU.S.,JapanandSwedenarefundingtheirmedicalcare

).

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat(

).

问题1选项

A.Americansarebetterpreparedfordeaththanotherpeople

B.Americansenjoyahigherlifequalitythaneverbefore

C.Americansareover-confidentoftheirmedicaltechnology

D.Americanstakeavainprideintheirlonglifeexpectancy

问题2选项

A.medicalresourcesareoftenwasted

B.sometreatmentsaretooaggressive

C.doctorsarehelplessagainstfataldiseases

D.medicalcostsarebecomingunaffordable

问题3选项

A.strongdisapproval

B.reservedconsent

C.Slightcontempt

D.enthusiasticsupport

问题4选项

A.moreflexibly

B.moreextravagantly

C.morecautiously

D.morereasonably

问题5选项

A.medicinewillfurtherprolongpeople’slives

B.lifebeyondacertainlimitisnotworthliving

C.deathshouldbeacceptedasafactoflife

D.excessivedemandsincreasethecostofhealthcare

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的ItissaidthatinEnglanddeathispressing,inCanadainevitableandinCaliforniaoptional.(据说在英国死亡是迫在眉睫的,在加拿大死亡是不可避免的,在加利福尼亚死亡是可选择的)以及其后介绍的医疗技术的进步,使美国人在过去的一个世纪里,预期寿命几乎翻了一翻,因此C选项“美国人对他们的医疗技术过于自信”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。由文章第二段中的Deathisnormal...Shieldedbythird-partypayersfromthecostofourcare,wedemandeverythingthatcanpossiblybedoneforus,evenifit’suseless.Themostobviousexampleislate-stagecancercare.Physicians—frustratedbytheirinabilitytocurethediseaseandfearinglossofhopeinthepatient—toooftenofferaggressivetreatmentfarbeyondwhatisscientificallyjustified.(死亡是正常的……我们要求一切可以为我们做的事情,即使它是无用的。最明显的例子是晚期癌症护理。医生们因无法治愈疾病而感到沮丧,并且担心病人失去希望,他们常常采用远远超出科学依据的极端治疗)可知A选项“医疗资源经常被浪费”符合题意。

3.观点态度题。根据题干关键词Lamm定位到文章第三段中,可知Lamm的观点是theoldandinfirm“haveadutytodieandgetoutoftheway”(年老体弱的人有义务死亡,以免挡住道路)。由第四段中的Iwouldnotgothatfar...Asamere68-year-old,Iwishtoageasproductivelyastheyhave.(我不会走这么远……作为一个只有68岁的人,我希望能像他们一样富有成效地衰老)和最后一段中的Iknowthemostcostlyanddramaticmeasuresmaybeineffectiveandpainful...wemaybeoverfundingthequestforunlikelycures(我知道最昂贵和最戏剧性的措施可能是无效和痛苦的……我们可能为寻求不太可能治愈的方法提供了过多的资金)可推测作者基本同意Lamm的观点,但仍然有所保留,因此选B。

4.推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的IalsoknowthatpeopleinJapanandSweden,countriesthatspendfarlessonmedicalcare,haveachievedlonger,healthierlivesthanwehave.(我还知道,日本和瑞典的人们在医疗上花费更少,他们的寿命比我们的更长,更健康)可知D选项“更合理”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章第一段提出尽管有一个伟大的医疗卫生体系,但死亡不可避免;第二段提出死亡是正常的,但我们却想尽一切方法来延缓生命;第三段提出医疗资源不应该被浪费在一些没有挽救意义的人身上;第四段提出老年人的生活也可以是有价值的;第五段指出寿命的长短,依靠的不仅仅是医疗资源,应该合理使用。故本文旨在说明人们要勇于接受死亡,因此C选项“死亡应该被接受为生活中的事实”符合题意。

20.单选题

InChinaalthoughpeopleinmanyregionsearnmuchlessthanthoseinprosperousregions,theyalsopaymuchlessfor______commodities,suchashousing.

问题1选项

A.disposable

B.redundant

C.equivalent

D.interchangeable

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。A选项disposable“一次性的;可自由支配的”;B选项redundant“多余的”;C选项equivalent“(价值、数量、意义、重要性等)相等的,相同的”;D选项interchangeable“可交换的,可互换的”。句意:在中国,尽管许多地区的人们比富裕地区的人挣得少得多,但他们在______商品上的花费也少得多,比如住房。根据语境,住房对于钱多和钱少的人重要性相同,C选项equivalent“(价值、数量、意义、重要性等)相等的,相同的”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

21.单选题

Heisas_____apoliticianasyoucanfindanywhere.There’snotahintofscandalinhislongcareer.

问题1选项

A.scrupulous

B.voracious

C.epicurean

D.profuse

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项“一丝不苟的;审慎正直的”,B项“贪吃的;渴求的”,C项“享乐的;吃喝玩乐的”,D项“大量的;慷慨的”,根据后一句“在他漫长的职业生涯中没有一丝丑闻”,故选A。

22.翻译题

在20世纪50年代早期到60年代中期,营养学历史的第三个时期种,维生素疗法开始变得声名狼藉。随之而来的是在医科学校中营养学教育也变得不那么热门了。就在这种情况发生的十年前,许多医药公司发现他们的维生素销量猛增,并迅速把大量维生素样品和宣传材料提供给开业医师,这些材料大肆喧扬补充各种与健康相关状况的维生素的好处。对维生素在疾病控制方面成功的期望被夸大了。正如在回顾这种状况时大家都知道的,维生素和矿物疗法在用于治疗严重的健康状况时比治疗长期因营养不良而导致的慢性健康问题时效果要小的多。

【答案】Fromtheearly1950stothemiddle1960s,namely,inthethirdhistoricperiodofnutrition,vitamintherapiesbegantobecomenotorious.Consequently,thenutritioncourseinmedicalschoolsbecamelesspopular.Justbeforeadecadeago,manypharmaceuticalcompaniesfoundthesalesofvitaminsoaring.Sotheyquicklyprovidedplentyofvitaminsamplesandpromotionalmaterials,whichwouldpublicizethebenefitoftakingvitamins,formedicalpractitioners.Asaresult,itexaggeratedthefunctionofvitaminstosuccessfullycontroldisease.Itiswell-knownthatcurativeeffectofvitaminandmineraltherapyforthetreatmentofseriousdiseaseismuchlessthanthatofthetreatmentofchronicdisease,suchasmalnutrition.

23.翻译题

WhenvisitingtheU.K.andlookingtoseewhatphonesthelocalsuse,oddsarethateveryotheronehasGoogleorAndroiddeviceinhand.ResearchfromKantarWorldpanelComTechbywayoftheMobileBusinessBriefingindicatesthatAndroidphonescommanda49.9percentmarketshareintheU.K.,upfrom29percentayearago.MuchoftheAndroidsharecomesattheexpenseofacompetitoryoumightexpecttobehurtingtoobadly:Apple’siPhone.

ThereareafewreasonsIcanthinkofthatexplainthenumbers,andIexpectabitofareversalinthenextsixmonthsorso.First,eventhoughtheiPhone4wasapopularmodelformorethanayear,otherAndroidphonesarrivedtothemarketbeforethetraditionalyearlyiPhonerefresh.IsuspectsomeintheU.K.decidednottowaitfortheiPhone4SandinsteadpurchasedanewSamsungorHTCdevice.Indeed,thesetwohandsetmakersaccountedfor83percentofallAndroidsalesintheU.K.inthethree-monthperiodendingOct.2.

【答案】答:

如果你在英国,你会发现街上每两个人中就有一个使用的是安装谷歌或安卓系统的智能手机。市场研究公司KantarWorldpanelComTech通过移动商业简报完成的研究发现,安卓手机在英国市场的市占率达49.9%,环比上升了29%。而安卓手机的市场份额大多数来自于苹果公司的iPhone。

为什么市场份额会有这么大的变动?我想原因有很多,而且我预计在未来六个月内将有一定的反弹。首先,虽然iPhone4已经流行了一年多,但更多的安卓手机趁苹果公司新款发布会之前进入了市场。我猜测一些人决定不再等待iPhone4S,转而购买了三星或者HTC的新款手机。截至十月二日,在过去的三个月期间,这两大手机生产商占据了英国安卓手机83%的份额。

24.单选题

Sittingonthetable,twosmallkittenswere()roundtheinsideoftheemptyhamtin.

问题1选项

A.swallowing

B.licking

C.chewing

D.munching

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查动词辨析。A选项swallow“忍受;吞没”;B选项lick“舔;战胜”;C选项chew“嚼碎,咀嚼”;D选项munch“用力咀嚼;大声咀嚼”。句意:坐在桌子上的两只小猫,正舔着空火腿罐内部的四周。根据句意可知,B选项正确。

25.单选题

Myworkwithleadersfromallwalksoflifehas(

)methattheywerenotbornleaders—theyaremade.

问题1选项

A.advocated

B.implied

C.convinced

D.illustrated

【答案】C

【解析】convincesb.that“使某人相信...”。句意:我与各行各业领导人的共事让我相信,他们不是天生的领导者,而是后天形成的。选项C正确。

26.单选题

()suchasawashingmachineandmicrowaveofferalotofconveniencetopeopleintheirhousework.

问题1选项

A.Applications

B.Instruments

C.Appliances

D.Facilities

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项application表示“应用;申请;应用程序”;B选项instrument表示“仪器;工具;乐器;手段;器械”;C选项appliance表示“装置;器具,器械(尤指家用电器)”;D选项facility表示“设备,工具;容易;灵巧;才能;天赋”。根据awashingmachineandmicrowave(洗衣机和微波炉)可知,句意是指家用电器为人们在家务上提供了很多方便。因此,本题的正确答案为C项。

27.单选题

Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistancewehadtraveled,butwethoughtitwas()fivemiles.

问题1选项

A.precisely

B.appropriately

C.apparently

D.approximately

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项precisely表示“精确地,恰恰”;B选项appropriately表示“恰当地,合适地”;C选项apparently表示“显然地,表面上”;D选项approximately表示“大约,近似地”。根据句中关键信息Wehadnowaytomeasuretheexactdistance可知,我们没有办法测量准确距离。所以后文中的距离只能是大约值,因此本题正确答案为D项。【句意】我们没有办法测量走过的准确距离,但我们认为大约是5英里。

28.单选题

Whenglobalwarmingfinallycame,itstuckwithavengeance.Insomeregions,temperaturesroseseveraldegreesinlessthanacentury.Sealevelsshotupnearly400feet,floodingcoastalsettlementsandforcingpeopletomigrateinland.DesertsspreadthroughouttheworldasvegetationshifteddrasticallyinNorthAmerica,EuropeandAsia.Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease.Theadaptationwasfarming:theglobal-warmingcrisisthatgaverisetoithappenedmorethan10,000yearsago.

AsenvironmentalistsconveneinRiodeJaneirothisweektopondertheglobalclimateofthefuture,earthscientistsareinthemidstofarevolutioninunderstandinghowclimatehaschangedinthepastandhowthosechangeshavetransformedhumanexistence.Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastronomicalforcesthathavecombinedtochangetheplanet’senvironmentfromhottocold,wettodryandbackagainoveratimeperiodstretchingbackhundredsofmillionsofyears.

Mostimportantly,scientistsarebeginningtorealizethattheclimaticchangeshavehadamajorimpactontheevolutionofthehumanspecies.Newresearchnowsuggeststhatclimateshiftshaveplayedakeyroleinnearlyeverysignificantturningpointinhumanevolution:fromthedawnofprimates(灵长目动物)some65millionyearsagotohumanancestorsrisinguptowalkontwolegs,fromthehugeexpansionofthehumanbraintotheriseofagriculture.Indeed,thehumanhistoryhasnotbeenmerelytouchedbyglobalclimatechange,somescientistsargue,ithasinsomeinstancesbeendrivenbyit.

ThenewresearchhasprofoundimplicationsfortheenvironmentalsummitinRio.Amongotherthings,thefindingsdemonstratethatdramaticclimatechangeisnothingnewforplanetEarth.Thebenign(宜人的)globalenvironmentthathasexistedoverthepast10,000years—duringwhichagriculture,writing,citiesandmostotherfeaturesofcivilizationappeared—isamerebrightspotinamuchlargerpatternofwidelyvaryingclimateovertheages.Infact,thepatternofclimatechangeinthepastrevealsthatEarth’sclimatewillalmostcertainlygothroughdramaticchangesinthefuture—evenwithouttheinfluenceofhumanactivity.

1.Farmingemergedasasurvivalstrategybecausemanhadbeenobliged().

2.Earthscientistshavecometounderstandthatclimate().

3.Scientistsbelievethathumanevolution().

4.Evidenceofpastclimaticchangesindicatesthat().

5.Themessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthepassageisthat().

问题1选项

A.togiveuphisformerwayoflife

B.toleavethecoastalareas

C.tofollowtheever-shiftingvegetation

D.toabandonhisoriginalsettlement

问题2选项

A.isgoingthroughafundamentalchange

B.hasbeengettingwarmerfor10,000years

C.willeventuallychangefromhottocold

D.hasgonethroughperiodicalchanges

问题3选项

A.hasseldombeenaccompaniedbyclimaticchanges

B.hasexertedlittleinfluenceonclimaticchanges

C.haslargelybeenaffectedbyclimaticchanges

D.hadhadamajorimpactonclimaticchanges

问题4选项

A.humanactivitieshaveacceleratedchangesofEarth’senvironment

B.Earth’senvironmentwillremainmilddespitehumaninterference

C.Earth’sclimateisboundtochangesignificantlyinthefuture

D.Earth’sclimateisunlikelytoundergosubstantialchangesinthefuture

问题5选项

A.humancivilizationremainsgloriousthoughitisaffectedbyclimaticchanges

B.mankindisvirtuallyhelplessinthefaceofthedramaticchangesofclimate

C.manhastolimithisactivitiestoslowdowntheglobalwarmingprocess

D.humancivilizationwillcontinuetodevelopinspiteofthechangesofnature

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第—段指出:Afterdrivingmanyoftheanimalsaroundthemtonearextinction,peoplewereforcedtoabandontheiroldwayoflifeforaradicallynewsurvivalstrategythatresultedinwidespreadstarvationanddisease(在迫使自己周边的很多动物几乎绝灭后,人类被迫放弃旧的生活方式而选择导致大范围饥荒和疾病的全新生存策略),因此选A:放弃自己向前的生活方式。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Researchershavebeguntopiecetogetheranilluminatingpictureofthepowerfulgeologicalandastrono

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论