新概念第一册Lesson 79-80知识点及拓展

新概念第一册Lesson79-80知识点及拓展新概念第一册Lesson79-80知识点及拓展新概念第一册Lesson79-80知识点及拓展xxx公司新概念第一册Lesson79-80知识点及拓展文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Lesson79-80Carol’sshoppinglistTOM:Whatareyoudoing,CarolCAROL:I’mmakingashoppinglist,Tom.TOM:WhatdoweneedCAROL:Weneedalotofthingsthisweek.CAROL:Imustgotothegrocer’s.Wehaven’tgotmuchteaorcoffee,andwehaven’tgotanysugarorjam.TOM:WhataboutvegetablesCAROL:Imustgotothegreengrocer’s.Wehaven’tgotmanytomatoes,butwe’vegotalotofpotatoes.CAROL:Imustgotothebutcher’s,too.Weneedsomemeat.Wehaven’tgotanymeatatall.TOM:HavewegotanybeerandwineAndI’mnotgoingtogetany!TOM:Ihopethatyou’vegotsomemoney.CAROL:Ihaven’tgotmuch.TOM:Well,Ihaven’tgotmucheither!1.shoppingn.购物--goshopping逛商店go+doing主要表示参加户外娱乐、体育等活动等godancing去跳舞，goriding去骑马，goshooting去射击，goboating去划船,goskating去滑冰,goskiing去滑雪，goclimbing去爬山,gofishing去钓鱼，gowalking去散步）--Shallwegoshopping--Igoswimmingeveryafternoon.--IoftenwenthuntingwithmyfatherwhenIwasyoung.do+doing表示日常的、室内的、非运动的活动，名词前常可加some,any,the,allthe,one's等修饰，doreading看点书，dowriting写点东西，dowashing洗衣物，dosewing缝补衣服，doeleaning搞卫生，doshopping购物docooking做饭--WedoshoppingeverySunday.--Momdoescookingeveryday.--Shespendshermoneyquickly.Shedoestoomuchshopping.--IalwaystrytodosomereadingwhenIamfree.--Whodoesthecleaninginyourhouse--Myfatherneverdoescooking.--HewasdoingsomereadingwhenIwentin.--Haveyoudoneanywritinglately--Shedidthecleaningallbyherself.--Shedidallthecleaningalone.2.listn.单子--Ineedalistofyournames.我需要你们的一份名单。--Pleasemakealistofthingsyoumustdo.--namelist名单/shoppinglist购物单makeashoppinglist写一张购物单。3.vegetablen.蔬菜，可数名词--Ilikevegetablesbetterthanmeat.--Peas,cabbages,potatoesandtomatoesareallvegetables.4.needv.(1)“需要”作一般性动词--Ineedyourhelp.--Heneedsfood,clothing,housingandlove.常见词组：--beinneedof需要--Weareingreatneedofwater.(2)need作情态动词时=must，后接动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句，语气比must委婉。判断以下句中need是一般性动词还是情态助动词--NeedIhelphimwithhisLessons--Weneedsomewater.--Youneedn’ttellmeyourideas.情态动词mustneed区别：need只用于否定形式和疑问句，语气委婉；must只用于肯定形式和疑问句，语气强硬。另外need可用于if、whether引导的从句，或用于有否定语气的句子里，比如：hardlyadv.几乎；noonen.没有人。Must/NeedyoufinishtheworkYes,Imust.No,Ineedn’t.mustneed与haveto的比较must和haveto都有“必须”的含义must“必须”、“应该”表示说话人认为有必要做某事,命令,要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测（其它两词无此意思），主观愿望；

--Youmustdothehousework.你一定要做家haveto必须”、“不得不”表示客观事实上不得不做某事，带有无奈和强迫性的--Hehastostayinbedfor3or4days.need需要做某事，感情比较随意，有空间可以让步，没有强迫情绪--Ineedtodosomehousework.但must只有一般现在时，不象haveto有更多时态变化。补充：1)must的否定形式mustnot表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。①Youmustn’tspeaklikethat.(你不应该像那样讲话。）②Youmustn’tbelateforschool.（你不应该上学迟到。）在回答must的问句时，肯定形式用must来回答，但否定形式用needn’t或don’thaveto来回答,而不用mustn’t来回答。①——MustIbehomebefore8o’clock——Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t./No,youdon’thaveto.2)havegotto是haveto的口语形式。--I’vegottoleaveforNanjing.①Imustgonow.(主观看法)②Mymotherisill,soIhavetogonow.(客观需要)练习：--I___gotoschool.--I___gotoseethedentist.Wewill___getupearlytomorrow.Idoitnow-No,you_______.A.needn'tB.don'thavetoC.mustn'tD.AorB'snearlyseveno'clock.Jack______behereatanytime.A.mustB.needCshouldDcan.canIcomeforthesephotosIneedthemtomorrowafternoon.-They____bereadyby12:00.A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need___dowellintheexam.A.canbeabletoB.beabletoC.canabletoD.areableto5.-CouldItakethisbookout-No,you___.A.can'tB.couldn'tC.needn'tD.aren't6.You___goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.A.canB.mustC.dareD.wouldyouspeakJapanese-No,I____.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.maynot8.Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan'tworkoutthisproblem,soit___beverydifficult.A.mayB.mustC.canD.need9.Heisn'tatschool.Ithinkhe___beill.A.canB.shallC.mustD.hasto10.Thechildren___playfootballontheroad.A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.mustarmisallright.He___goandseethedoctor.A.hasnottoB.don'thavetoC.haven'ttoD.doesn'thaveto12.Excuseme.___youpleasepassmethatcupA.DoB.ShouldC.WouldD.Must13.-Wouldyouliketogoboatingwithus-Yes,___.A.I'dlikeB.IwantC.I'dliketoD.Ido5.Wehaven’tgotmuchteaorcoffee.or表示“即不…也不…”--Theyarenotdoctorsornurses.他们即不是医生，也不是护士。用and则表示“不同时是”--Iamnotateacheranddoctor.Iamonlyateacher.我不是即当教师又当医生，我只是一个教师。--Idon’tlikebeerandcoco-cola.--Idon’tlikebeerorcoco-cola.在选择并列句中，or用于疑问句和否则句，而and用于肯定句：Wehavegotmuchteaandcoffee.Havewegotanybeerandwine如果疑问句中希望得到对方的肯定回答，那么用陈述句的语法。Wouldyoulikesomebeef来一些牛肉怎么样Wehaven’tgotanymeatatall.我们根本没有肉了。atalladv.根本，用于否定句之中。放在句末。notany一点也没有了notmany/little（有一点）几乎没有了have/hasgottosth拥有某物，这是一个固定搭配。6.某人“有”某物的表达has/havegot(英式)=has/have(美式)。has/havegot...(英式)其中has/have当助动词使用。has/have...(美式)的助动词是does/doHehasgotanewcar=Hehasanewcar.Ihaven’tgotalargehouse.=Idon’thavealargehouse.HashegotanewcarDoeshehaveanewcar7.WhataboutvegetablesWhatabout……又怎么样--Yourmotherisfine.Whataboutyourfather--I’llgoshopping.Whataboutyou我要去逛商店，你呢Whatabout…=Howabout…可以用来表建议。--WhataboutacupofteaThat’sgreat.8.Ihopethatyou’vegotsomemoney.hopev.希望，这个单词很特殊，是不及物动词，所以不能hopesbtodosth的结构，而是用hopethat...或hopetodo...同样的：expect也是不及物动词，但wish是及物动词vt.Ihopethatyouhavegotsomemoney.=Iwishyouhavegotsomemoney.--hopetodosth希望做某事--Ihopetoseehimnow.--Ihopetogetanewcar.--Everyonehopestoliveahappylife.--Ihopethatyoucancomebackearly.--IhopethatIhaven’tmadeanymistakes.9.moneyn.钱，不可数名词--Hehasalotofmoney.He’srich.--Whichismoreimportant,loveormoney--Moneycannotbuyeverything.10.thingn.事情，东西--Whatisthatsmallthing那小东西是什么--Ihavemanythingstodo.我有许多事情要做。--something某物，某事不定代词--Somethingmustbewrongwithmycar.--Ihopetogetsomethingtoeat.--anything任何事情，任何东西不定代词，用于否定、疑问句--Doyouhaveanythingtotellme你有事要告诉我吗--Idon’thaveanythingtodotoday.我今天没事可做。--nothing没有事，没有任何东西不定代词--Ihavenomoney,nohouse,nolove.Ihavenothing.--ThereisnothingIcando.--Ihearnothing.11.复习“主语＋begoingto+动词原形”表示“打算、计划做某事”Iamgoingtobuyacar.Heisgoingtoplayfootballafterschool.12.修饰可数和不可数名词的形容词或介词短语修饰可数名词修饰可数不名词两者皆可alotof=lotsof=manyalotof=lotsof=muchalotof=lotsofsome/anysome/anysome/anyafewalittlenotmanynotmuchfewlittlenotanynotanynotany由多到少alotof=lotsof(很多，可数和不可数名词都可修饰