中考英语语法第16讲-情态动词(30)课件

中考英语语法情态动词情态动词基本用法与句型常考情态动词情态动词与时态中考出题模式与常见题型一、情态动词是什么？动词的类别行为动词系动词助动词情态动词能够独立做谓语不能独立做谓语掌握情态动词的定义：表示可能、怀疑、允诺、愿望、义务、必要、猜测等的动词是情态动词。二、情态动词的基本句型陈述句–主+情态动词+v原疑问句–情态动词+主+v原？考点：注意may,must疑问句的否定回答否定句--主+情态动词not+v原考点：注意hadbetter,need两种词性,oughtto的否定三、常考的情态动词can能;可能---couldmay可以--mightmust必须;一定need需要---非标准情态动词should----shallwould---willhadbetterusedto过去常常Wouldrather宁愿oughtto应当第二部分：常考情态动词1.Hewill__finishitbyhimself.can/may/beableto/不填（多）2.canyougiveme__suggestion?another/other/theother/others3.She___runfast,butIcan’t.may/must/need/can的两个意思必须肯定mustmust的否定回答肯定回答：yes,…must否定回答：no,youneedn’t/no,youdon’thavetocan多用于疑问句和否定句，表示怀疑或不相信等态度；Must表示推测时，不能用否定句can与must的区别Don’thaveto不必---mustn’t一定不能—needn’t不必must表必须有否定；表肯定，不能用否定句

Must的否定Ididn’thearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了Hadbetter最好易错点：错误理解为had,或better否定解析：你最好立刻就做Youhadbetterdoitrightnow.你最好不要碰它Youhadbetternottouchit.的三个辨析UsedtoBeusedtodoingBeusedtodousedto过去常常（情态动词）Heusedtogoshoppingonweekends.他过去常常周末去买东西TheEnglishmanisn’tusedtodrivingontherightinChina.某人习惯于(to是介词）被动语态（to是不定式）Pensareusedtowriteonpaper.Wouldratherdo….thando…

宁愿做…而不愿做解析:宁愿而不愿，中考共三种表达方式1、prefertodo….ratherthando…宁愿做…而不愿做…(动词词组)例:Iprefertoswimratherthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里2、wouldratherdo….thando…宁愿做…而不愿做…(动词词组)例:Iwouldratherswimthanstayathome.我宁愿去跑步也不愿待在家里3、prefer…to…Ipreferdogstocats.相对于猫.我更喜欢狗.Wouldrather是情态动词，否定为wouldrathernotdo…第三部分：情态动词与助动词Can与could的相同与不同

Can能力–hesaid:“Icandothat.”乐意–canIhelpyou?可能—Itcann’tberainyCould能力,是can的过去式—Hesaidthathecoulddothat.表乐意,could可独立一词.CouldIgowithyou?1.Thedoctorsuggestedthathe__themedicine3timesaday.多Take/took/takes/shouldtake解析Suggest/advicethat主+should+v原。考点:should省略；给时态迷惑2.Shewouldleavethecityiftherain__.Stops/wouldstop/stopped/stopping解析:1判断would---过去时，从句也用过去时2主句过去将来，if从句用一般过去3.Thepatientknewthathe__thewrongmdicine.take/took/takes/shouldtake第四部分：真题解析与练习2．can和could--CouldIborrowyourdictionary?--Ofcourseyou____________.[陕西省]A.can

B.must

C.should

D.will[答案]A。[解析]上文的could并不表示过去，而只是一种委婉的说法，所以答语用can更礼貌些。--Listen!IsTomsingingintheclassroom?--No.It________beTom.HehasgonetoParis.[长沙市]A.maynot

B.needn't

C.can't[答案]C。[解析]因为汤姆不在这里，所以不可能是他。一Mary，__________youspeakChinese?一Yes，onlyalittle．

[北京市]Amust

Bneed

Cmay

D．can[答案]D。[解析]考查情态动词，“玛丽，你会说英语吗?…“是的，会一点”。故选D。can表示能够1Schools_________allowstudentsatleastonehouradayforsports.A.would

B.might

C.should

D.could[答案]C。[解析]此处用情态动词should的用法。should表示“应当…‘应该”的含义比其他三个词更强些。2.Bob，mayI__yourMP4?一Sure．Butyou'dbetternot_________ittoothers．[A.lend；lend

Blend；borrow

Cborrow；borrow

D.borrow；lend[答案]D。[解析]本题考查动词borrow和lend的区别.由语境可判断前者是借入，用borrow后者是借出，用lend。3.--Whataboutplayingfootballthisafternoon,Sam?

--Iwouldrather__athomethan

__football.It'stoohotoutside.A.stay;playing

B.stay;play

C.tostay;toplay

D.tostay;playing[答案]：A。[解析]本题考查了wouldrather的固定短语的应用。WouldratherdoAthandoB和做B比起来，宁愿做A。7.You________betiredafterworkingforeighthourswithoutarest.A.can

B.may

C.must

D.need[答案]C。[解析]本题考查情态动词must，can，may8need的区别。情态动词must在此表示肯定的推测。8.一Lookattheboyrunningontheground．IsitDavis?

——It____behim．Isawhimgototheteacher'sofficejustnow．A．must

Bcan't

C．could

D．might[答案]B。[解析]考查情态动词。表推测时否定句中用can't。表示“不可能”，因为他已经去了老师的办公室。1._________Iopenthewindow?It'shothere.A.MustB.ShallC.WillD.Would2.GoandaskMrLiu.He_________tellyou.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.could3._________youpleasetellmethetimeplease?A.ShallB.WillC.MayD.Might4.—_________Itryoutalltheideas?—No,you_________.A.Must,mustn'tB.Need,needC.Must,don'thavetoD.Must,don't5._________IspeaktoMrGreen，please?A.WillB.CouldC.MustD.WouldBABCB课时训练9.HesaidKate_____cometotheparty.ButIdon'tthinkso.A.couldB.mightC.needD.must10.—NeedIdomylessonsrightnow?—Yes,you_________.A.needB.canC.shouldD.must11.—Wouldyouliketogoswimmingwithmethisafternoon?—I'dloveto.ButI'mafraidI___.Ihavetoomuchworktodo.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynot12.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful，rubbish_________intotheriver.A.needn'tbethrownB.mustn'tbethrownC.can'tthrowD.maynotthrowBDAB课时训练13.—Wouldyoulikesomemore?—_________I'mfull.A.Yes,please.B.I'dloveto.C.No,Iwouldn't.D.No,thanks.14.You_________swimin