Unit1 反身代词 讲义-人教版 英语八年级下册

初中英语人教版八年级下册Unit1+反身代词【问题查找】Vocabulary单项选择()1.Putthatknifedown—youmight________someonewithit.A.hurt B．press C．catch D．cover()2.WhenIarrivedhome，Ifoundmypetcat________inbed.A.lies B．lying C．lied D．lie()3.Acountryhasdreams.Westudents________alsohavedreams.Withdreamsandhardwork，anythingamazingcanbecreated.might B．need C．should D．would()4.Isawhim________whenIpassedby.ran B.run C.runs D.running()5.Heoftenthinks________thingsbeforehemakesadecision.about B.of C.out D.over()6.Weshouldbecarefulwhenwe________thebus.getdown B.getout C.getup D.getoff()7.—Didyoucatchyourplane?—Yes.Wegottherejust________.ontime B.attimes C.intime D.inthetimeKeys:1-5ABCDA6-7DCGrammar1.--Whoteaches__________English?--Noone.Iteach__________. A.you;myself B.your;myself C.you;me D.your;my2-Help________tosomecakes,Jim.---Thankyou. A.you B.your C.yourself D.yourselves3.—HowwasyourvisittotheWorldParkinBeijing?—Wonderful!Weenjoyed________verymuch. A.itself B.myself C.yourselves D.ourselves4.---Howdidyourunclelearntoplaytheguitar?---By_____________ A.myself B.yourself C.herself D.himself5.---Icouldlookafter_______whenIwasfive.---Really?Ican’tbelieveit. A.myself B.herself C.himself D.yourselfKeys:ACDDA【要点精讲】VocabularyI.词汇填空Group1:重点词汇教师提问：这个单词在句子中理解意思吗？这个单词基本用法知道吗？(根据学生回答，结合原因分析的情况灵活决定需要与否。)1.lie【语境激活】At9:00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26wasgoingalongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad.(I.G1.1)Ifoundawalletlyingontheground.【解析】liev.躺，平躺(过去式lay；现在分词lying)liedown躺下内化过程：你能写出lie的动词不同形态变化吗？lie还能表示什么意思？对应动词形态变化一样吗？2.happen【语境激活】Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.(I.G1.2)Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.【解析】happenvi.发生短暂性动词，用来强调某事发生的偶然性；表示事先安排或有准备的事情或活动，要用takeplace。sth.happen+时间/地点sth.happentosb.某人发生了某事（不好的事情）sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事内化过程：你能发现物作主语和人作主语时happen的意思区别吗？3.agree【语境激活】Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.(I.G1.3)Doyouagreewithhim?【解析】agreev.同意disagreev.不同意①agreewithsb.同意某人②agreetodosth同意做某事内化过程：你能总结动词变否定前缀要加什么吗？形容词的否定呢？4.trouble【语境激活】It’ssadthatmanypeopledon’twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon’twantanytrouble.(I.G1.4)Peopleoftendonothelpothersbecausetheydonotwanttogetintotrouble.【解析】troublen.问题；苦恼①getintotrouble造成麻烦（或烦恼）②beintrouble处于困境中havetrouble（in)doingsth做某事有困难内化过程：你能说出trouble的短语搭配有哪些吗？5.hit【语境激活】BusNo.26hitanoldmanonZhonghuaRoad.(I.G1.5)Theballhithimintheface.【解析】hitv.(用手或器具）击；打过去式hithitsb.击中/撞到某人内化过程：除了hit你还知道有哪些过去式为原形的动词吗？Group2:重点短语教师提问：这个短语在句子中理解意思吗？这个短语基本用法知道吗？(根据学生回答，结合原因分析的情况灵活决定需要与否。)1.getoff【语境激活】Hegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.(I.G2.1)Don’tforgettotakeyourbagwhenyougetoffthebus.【解析】getoff下车反义词为geton上车内化过程：你知道get还有哪些短语搭配吗？2.intime【语境激活】ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,thedoctorsavedthemanintime.(I.G2.2)Tomdidn’tgotoschoolintimethismorningbecauseheoverslept.【解析】intime及时（刚好在某个时间点）ontime准时（在规定时间之内）内化过程：你是如何巧记这两个短语的意思区别的？3.thinkabout【语境激活】Butthedriverdidn’tthinkabouthimself.(I.G2.3)Iwillthinkaboutyourplan.【解析】thinkabout考虑thinkof想起thinkover仔细考虑thinkup=comeupwith想出内化过程：你能说出think相关的短语及意思吗？II.词义辨析辨析1：surprised，surprising(II.1)1.Iwasverysurprisedwhenthealienwentintoasouvenirshop.2.Thesurprisingnewsmakesusfeelsurprised.【解析】surprised意为“感到惊讶的、感到惊喜的”，修饰人的感受；surprising意为“惊喜的；令人惊讶的”，通常修饰事物。内化过程：除了surprise，你还知道哪些可以加ed/ing变成形容词的单词？辨析2：thanksto,thanksfor(II.2)1.Thankstoherhusband，shehasnowbecomeafamousfilmstar.2.ThanksforhelpingmewithmyEnglish.【解析】①thanksto“由于”、“多亏”，to+感谢的对象（thanks不可以改为thankyou，to后也不接动词原形）②thanksfor“因……而感谢”，for+名词或v-ing(thanks相当于thankyou)内化过程：你能根据介词的意思区分好这两个短语吗？辨析3：toomuch,toomany,muchtoo(II.3)1.Thereistoomuchrainthesedays.2.It’smuchtoocoldinwinter.3.Therearetoomanythingsformetodoeveryday.【解析】toomuch太多：①+不可数名词；②v.+,如eattoomuchtoomany太多：+可数名词复数muchtoo太：+形容词/副词内化过程：你能分别用这三个短语造句吗？III.长句分析与句式仿写教师提问：你知道整句话表达的意思吗?你知道这个词汇的意义吗?你可以按照这个句子的结构进行仿写吗？(根据学生回答，结合原因分析的情况灵活决定需要与否。)1.drinksomehotteawithhoney.【解析】withprep“具有，带有”,表示某物带有或具有某种特征。其反义词为without“没有”【仿写】(III.1)Mysisterlikesdrinkingmilkwithhoney.内化过程：除了with表示“带有”，英语中还有哪些可以表示“有”的词语？2.busNo.26wasgoingalongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad.【解析】seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在发生）seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事（看到动作全过程或经常发生）【仿写】(III.2)Isawthemplayingbasketballyesterday..内化过程：除了see，还有哪些动词也可用于+sb.doing/dosth.的搭配？3.Whatshouldshedo?她该怎么办呢？【解析】should“应该”情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务shouldnot=shouldn’t不应该【仿写】(III.3)Heshouldn’teatanything.内化过程：情态动词还有哪些？你能说出它们的意思及否定形式吗？4.---What’sthematter?---Ihaveastomachache.你怎么了？我胃痛。【解析】询问对方健康状况的句式：What’sthematterwithyou?=What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了？What’syourtrouble?=What’sup?=Whathappenstosb.?回答句式：要表达身体疼痛或不舒服，可用以下结构：

①某人＋have/has＋病症haveacold=catchacold感冒haveafever发烧②某人＋have/has＋a＋身体部位­achehaveastomachache/toothache/headache/backache患胃痛/牙痛/头痛/背痛③某人＋have/has＋a＋sore＋发病部位haveasorethroat患喉咙痛haveasoreback患背痛④某人＋hurt(s)＋身体部位或反身代词Hehurthisleg.⑤身体部位＋hurt(s)Hisleghurtsbadly.⑥Thereissomethingwrongwithone's＋身体部位。【仿写】(III.4)---What’sthematterwithyou?---Ihaveacold..内化过程：你能说出哪些询问对方状况的句子？疼痛的表达方式有哪些？Grammar学习目标：能辨别不同代词并掌握好其用法，掌握反身代词的用法及搭配，在考试中识别并灵活运用。目标分解：1)代词的定义2)了解代词的分类3)掌握人称代词/物主代词的定义及用法4)掌握反身代词的定义、用法及常用固定搭配步骤一、代词的定义及分类定义:代词是代替名词或一句话的一种词类。按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。内化过程：1.观察这几类代词，你能说出它们之间的共同点和差异吗？2.你能每一类代词各举几个词作为例子吗？2.教师提问：你知道什么是人称代词和物主代词吗？你能写出它们的“大家庭”并说出用法吗？步骤二、人称代词和物主代词的定义及用法人称代词：人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。是表示自身或人称的代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit注意：主格作主语，宾格作动词或介词后的宾语。物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。我的我们的你的你们的他的她的它的他们的形容词性物主代词myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs注意：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词内化过程：做代词类题时要怎么样才能不用错这些代词？需要注意哪些步骤？3.教师提问：你知道什么是反身代词吗？反身代词有哪些？怎么用？(根据学生的回答，结合原因分析的情况灵活决定需要与否)步骤三、反身代词的定义及用法定义：表示我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己，他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。注意：第一二人称对应形容词性物主代词+self（复数+selves）第三人称对应人称代词宾格+self（复数+selves）单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfthemselvesherselfitself内化过程：你能按顺序快速说出或写出所有的反身代词吗？4.教师提问：你知道反身代词用于哪些常考的固定搭配中？(根据学生的回答，结合原因分析的情况灵活决定需要与否)步骤四、反身代词的常考搭配enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高兴teachoneself=learn…byoneself自学byoneself=alone独自helponeselfto随便吃introduceoneselfto自我介绍注意：反身代词必须与主语保持人称的一致。内化过程：你能总结有哪些用到反身代词的短语搭配吗？【查漏补缺】总结：教师提问：1.对比一下反身代词和人称代词、物主代词有什么联系？（旨在引导学生进行信息精加工，练习对比，加强记忆）第一二人称对应形容词性物主代词+self（复数+selves）第三人称对应人称代词宾格+self（复数+selves）2.在用法上，观察反身代词经常在句子中做什么成分？（旨在引导学生进行类比和总结，帮助学生有重点地记忆知识点）。Ididmyhomeworkmyself.（同位语）Weenjoyedourselvesintheparty.（宾语，动词后）Thelittleboycanlookafterhimselfwell.（宾语，介词后）3.回顾反身代词学习过程,哪些知识点是学习过程难以理解或容易遗忘的？（旨在引导学生课后反思学习过程，渗透学习策略，进行元认知调节；同时发现对于学生出现的个性化重难点。）4.总结做题过程中哪些答题步骤容易出错？如何避免？（旨在引导学生总结回顾解题方法，对易错重难点进行巩固和加强）解题技巧1.几个常考的反身代词搭配：lookafter/takecareofoneself,loseoneself,helponeself,byoneself等2.当句子意思已完整，填空考虑反身代词。3.作动词或介词后的宾语，句子无其他人称，考虑与主语相对应的反身代词。4反身代词的使用要检查好单复数。【梳理优化】Vocabulary单项选择用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Ineedtothinkaboutitcarefully.It'sabig__________(decide)．

2.Thefilmendswiththe________(die)ofthemaincharacter.

3.Everyoneshouldknowthe______________(important)ofeducation.

4.Canwedoitby_____________(our)ordoitwithsomehelp?

5.Pleasetakeyour_______(foot)offthedesk.It'ssoimpolite!

6.Ithinkgiraffeshavethelongest________(neck)intheworld.

7.Emma______(hurt)herbackwhenshefelloffherhorse.

8.Billdidn'tfinishtheworkbecausehehadaterrible__________(head)．

9.Myfather's___________(stomach)stoppedafterhetookthemedicine.keys：decision;death;importance;ourselves;feet;necks;hurt;headache;stomachacheGrammar单项选择()1.Thereis______withmycomputer.Itdoesn’twork. A.nothingwrong B.anythingwrong C.wrongsomething D.somethingwrong()2.–CanIuseyourbikeforawhile?–Yes.Youmayuse_____bike.Tom’sbikeishereandIcanuse______. A.my,mine B.mine,his C.my,his D.her,hers()3.–Isthat______dog?–No._____iswhite. A.his,His B.her,Its C.he,His D.her,Her()4.–Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.–Itdoesn’tmatter.Youcanhave_______.A.we B.us C.our D.ours()5.Myfatherisillinbed.Ihavetolookafter______athome. A.he B.his C.him D.himself()6.Isaw______playingbasketballontheplaygroundatthattime. A.them B.they C.their D.theirs()7.Youareakindman.Whatabout________? A.she B.he C.hers D.her()8.Mr.Wangisveryfriendly,and_______likehimverymuch. A.we B.us C.our D.ours

keys:DCADCADA【强化巩固】Vocabulary翻译句子1.—你怎么了？—我肚子疼。

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2.你应该量一下你的体温。

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3.司机看到一个老人正躺在路边。

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4.他希望大部分或所有的乘客都下车，等下一班公交车。

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5.令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他一起去。

_______________________________________________________________________________Keys:1.—What’sthematterwithyou？—Ihaveastomachache．

2.Youshouldtakeyourtemperature．

3.Thedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad．

4Heexpectedmostorallofthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus．

5.Tohissurprise，theyallagreedtogowithhim．Grammar单项选择。()1._____classroomisclean,but______isdirty. A.We,he B.Ours,his C.Our,his D.We,him()2.–Arethekeysoverthere______?–No,theymaybelongtoMary. A.your B.yours C.yourself D.you()3.–Whosewatchisit?–It’s________.Isawherwearingitthismorning. A.his B.mine C.hers D.yours()4.Thesmallgirlteaches_______English. A.themselves B.herself C.himself D.myself()5.Enjoy________,TomandLucy. A.yourself B.himself C.themselves D.yourselves()6.Theyknowsomethingcanbelearnedby________. A.themselves B.himself C.ourselves D.yourselveskeys:CBCBDA【课后练习】Vocabulary短文填空ThismorningIgotapieceofbadnewsfromQQ.Anunlucky__1__fromFujiandiedbecauseshedidn’tgethelpintimewhenshetraveledinBeijing.OnApril18th,2015,thewomantookavisittotheGreatWall__2__agroupoffriends.Butshegotlostwithherfriendslater.ThenshewenttothefootoftheGreatWallby__3__.Becauseitwassunnyandhot,shesuddenlyfeltdizzyand__4__downtotheground.Atthattimesomevisitorsweretakingphotosnearby.Sheexpectedsomebodytohelpher.Buttoour__5__,thevisitorsnearbyjustthoughtaboutthemselves,nob