小范围核心预测-综合版

综合版–170704【综合部分出题规律为旧题。新题和旧题的比率大致呈对半开的趋势。自2016加。在2016年的48场托福考试考查了综合口语题192题。据初步统计，其中新题从出题规律来看，2016年综合写作与往年考题（大陆+）重复的26道旧题中，2015年1520144201332012201122015842010-20152016出现重复往年整套旧题的情况。另一明显趋势是，自20164题目全部为旧题的情况，大部分为新旧题拼盘或4道题均为新题地质类和环境类（5），2-3托福TPO1-49托福模考免费7月8日其它版本托福机经及答案解析小站托福

获取&备考资综合口语IntegratedSpeaking–TASK场20130614NA标题：Buildacampustomakeacampusgardenfor2reasons.(A)Studentscanrelaxwithflowersandtrees(B)thereisanemptylandbehindthescientistbuildingswhichissuitableforbeingagarden态度：Theguy1：It'scoldformostoftimehere.Onlybloomingtimeforplantsissummerbreak.Duringrestoftimewhencampusisfull,theflowerscan'tgrow,thecampusgardenismeaningless.场标题：Openachildcare1：可以减轻有孩子的教师及学生的负担，而且费用比起城里的场变化：上间从8am改为9am。1.让学生睡更久，精力充沛更原因1原因2：教授那个时间正好赶上早，反而在浪费时间场标题：facultyadvisorshelpstudentwritesenior变化：学校要求学生完成一篇比较复杂的seniorthesis,需要学于researchskill的问题。态度：Theboythinksitisagreat2essay场原因1：他认为这会起反作用，学生会更容易分心，比如朋友路过时原因2：他觉得在室外上课不方便，因为上课空间不足，有的人可能场标题：Banbikesinthecenterofthe变化：Manystudentsgetaroundcampusbyridingbicycles,whichisgood.However,Ithinkinoneareainparticularthecenterofcampusbetweentheacademicbuildingsshouldbeprohibited.Thesidewalksconnectingtheacademicbuildingsarenarrow,whenstudentsridetheirbikesonthesidewalks,itwouldbeunsafeforotherstudentswhoarewalkingtotheirclasses.Inordertoensurethatstudentsfollowtheruleanyonecaughtridingthebikesinthisareashouldbemadetopaya态度：Thewomandisagreeswiththe原因1：学生骑车时一般都比较，到了人行道自然会下车，不需要policy.原因场标题：createawebsiteforstudent变化：Thestudentproposesthattheuniversityshouldcreateawebsiteforstudentmusicianswheretheycanfindpeopleofthesameinterestsandpostinformationaboutconcertsormusicrelatedevents.态度：Thewomanagreesfortwo1：Sheandherfriendsalwayspracticesongstogether,andtheyplayrockmusic.However,theydon’thappentoknowadrummerwhocouldplaythedrum.Butnow,withthewebsite,theycouldfindoneeasily.原因2：Whenshegoestocampusconcerts,therearefewpeoplethere.That’sbecausepeopledon’tknowaboutthoseconcerts.Sonow,withthewebsite,morepeoplewillcometotheconcerts.场标题：setwritingcourseinschoolwriting原因1：学生有很多机会和教授沟通，教授的单独指导比writingcentre的要好。原因2：学校不同建筑之间很远，学生来去写作中心很浪费时间，就场标题：opentheuniversitygymtotheoff-campus变化：Theuniversityisplanningtoopentheuniversitygymtopeopleoff-campusduetotworeasons.Thereasonisthattheuniversitycanchargethemamonthlyfeeandusethemoneytoupgradethegymfacility.Andthesecondreasonisthatitwon'taffectthestudents'lifethatmuch.态度：Thewomanagreeswiththe原因 reasonisthatit'dnecessarynowforuniversitytoupgradethefacilitiesbecausesomeofthemreallyold,thiswaytheuniversitydoesn'thavetochargethestudentsorthefaculty.2：Asforthesecondreason,shementionsthatit'saprettysmalltownanywaysonotalotofpeoplewillusethegymanditwon'tmaketoobigadifferenceforstudents.场20150807NA标题：Opennewwriting变化：学校决定开一个新的写作中心。学校到时候会请tutors,来辅职位，增加工作经验,帮助他们更好的找工作。1：可以帮助需要的同学，因为教授一般很忙，没有时间帮学生改，这个center正好可以帮忙。原因场20150919NA标题：Eliminatethehumitiesrequirementsofscience原因1：刚开始不感，但是学着学着就爱上了。比如她自己以前原因2：只要学生好好安排课程时间，还是可以搞定的，再说还有暑场标题：阅读应该被支付工资且付了钱就能得到的原因1：因为大部分都有主业，一般都会先考虑自己的主业。原因2：第二个就是应该让更有经验的人示范给他们看设备的用法，场20140329NA标题：Theuniversityaddsasmallcoffeeshoptothesmallcoffeeshoptothelobbyoffineart态度：Thewoman2：Drawattentiontotheworkoffineart场20140405NAProposalofsellingsnackanddrinksinthecampus变化：Reasons:1.Itprovidesstudentswithfoodanddrinkswhentheyarefindingbookstoread.2.Studentsmaygethungryduringclassbreaks.态度1：Studentsmayspilldrinksonbooksandruinthem.Somebooksareexpensive.2：Thereisalreadyaconveniencestoreincampusclosetothebuildingwhereclassesareheld.Studentsareunlikelytogototheothersideofthecampustobuyfoodfromthebook场20140726NA变化：Theuniversityshouldorganizeabustripsfor1styearstudents.1styearstudentsdon'thaveacar.Seniorscanbemorefamiliarwiththecity.态度：Thewomanthinksitisagood原因1： ,thecityisfarfromcampus,andnopublictransportationavailable.2：Second,becausethereisnobus,shedidnotknowthetimeandplaceformusicconcerts.场20140913NA标题：holdasaleforusedholdasaleforuseditems.因为1：学生可以useditems;2:学生有很多不用的东西可以通过这个活态度：同意该建原因1：Studentscan’taffordnewitems.说自己中学时想买2：Itiseasierforstudentstogetridofuselessthingsinthe场20141121NA态度：Thewomanthinksitisagood1：要了解一个人需要很长时间，这样的话就能提前联系室友，场20130302NA原因1：小朋友没有接触艺术的途径。他自己小时候有同样的经历，原因2：他自己既学艺术又学教育，教学经历有助于改进他未来教学场20130322NA标题：Improve原因1：很多学生在馆发邮件做研究，要排队才能用上电脑查询场20130531NA标题：GroupstudyIndividualstudyinstudystudyloungegroupstudyforindividualstudy，同时建议groupstudy在馆的会议室（conferenceroom）进行。态度：表示支持2conferenceroomforgroupstudy。因为有门，不场20130927NA标题：prohibiteatingfoodinthe变化：Universitytheaterisplanningtoprohibiteatingfoodinthestadium.Reason1eatingisadistractiontoothermembersintheshow,andavoideatingincreasetheexperience.Reason2:studentsdon'tbringthewasteoutofthestadium-forgetto态度：Thewomanagreeswiththe1：NoiseSomeoneeatspopcornanddistracts2：DirtySomeoneleavesthepopcornboxinthe场20131214NA标题：off-campus变化：Therealwaysaweek'sOrientationforfreshmanofuniversity.One suggest:gocam,inordertoknoweachotherbetter.态度1Orientation'sbuildingsserviceslikecomputerlab.Butcamhavenothingtodowiththis.原因2：Cam’sequipmentisveryexpensive,it'sawasteuseitforamonthandputitinstorefora场标题：holdafairtoprovideclubfairclub原因1：现在posterdisorganized。大家根本不知道都有什么样子的club，所以在缺乏信息的情况下不能确定参加哪个club。2memberofclubclub。举了个例子：photographyclub想参加，男生说如果看的海报肯场20140523NApro-peering原因2场标题：discussion aboutdiscussionrequirement,studenttake2discussionlecturewritethereport1dayahead.Andreadinggivetheinterestpart.态度：Manlikesthe1：Itisgoodforthediscussionpartbecausesavingtime.Lastweekittookthemalongtimetofinishdiscussion.原因2Itisusefulfortheirfinals.Becausestudentshaveinterestingideasreadyandeasytowritepaper.场态度：极力支持原因1：去馆自习，想早点回宿舍都不行，因为宿舍很吵，室会开2：可以让室友之间关系更和谐。举了个例子说她朋友的室友喜场标题：offeranewdancing原因1：有,她以前锻炼的时候，都自己练没能坚持。hardwork最后都dropout了，这个每周按时和大家一起锻炼身体，很不错。原因2：free，可以知道课程好不好再做决定，就算去上了一节不满场标题：students-runsnackjobopportunity1：这对于很多想有些经商经验的人来说是个好事，能提供工作机会，学习businessskills。原因2cafe15有这样的snackshop，学生可以省下时间学习。场20100723NA原因1：馆和边上都可以停车，而且多走两步没什么问题原因场20100925NA标题：equipthedormwithinternet态度：觉得这是一个goodidea很方便的查,不用跑回宿舍查，因为她住在4楼。210息，而有些同学是急着用电脑要写paper。TASK场标题：Bet就把部分延迟ayearormore再发芽。例子：西部的沙漠中，有一种植物叫peppergrass,如果生出种子的那一年没有雨，一部分就会随风飘落，然后sprout一部分,不到雨季dryout。场标题：generalizationof场(A)positiveinfluence业后发现当老师非常的demanding，并且会被占用很多时间，此时场标题：consistency定义：Whenpeoplearenotawarethattheiropinion例子：brotherTim,在highschool当老师，来了个新principal，他赞誉有加。Professor这时提醒他说“开始的时候你不是不喜欢他吗”，结果Tim不记得了，说一直都很看好这个校长。场标题：Environment定义：Ourpowerfulsenseofsmellallowsustolthedifferencebetweenmanykindsofdoorsthes tedandprocessedinapartofthebrainthataffectsouremotions,behaviorandmemory.Giventhisknowledge,marketresearchersarestudyingtheeffectsofwhatisknownasenvironmentscenting,thistechniqueattemptstousepleasantfragrancetoattractcustomersales.Theresultsofthesemarketingstudiesindicatethatsmellscanstronglyinfluenceconsumersbothintheirwillingnesstobuyaproductandinthevaluetheyplaceonaproduct.例子：1）在店里喷上男士和喜欢的香水，营业额会翻倍。2）场频1和2，内容都是关于一个男的参加知识竞赛进行答题。1中男的回答完全正确。2中他也回答正确，但是途中喝了杯咖场标题：signal定义：Animalswillsendthesamemessagewithdifferentofsignalstoinformtheotheranimasofthesame例子：Theprofessorgivesanexampleinclass.Agroupofdeersometimesgrazetogetherandsometimesoneofthedeerwouldgooffandeatonitsown.Whenthisdeerseesapredatorlikealionapproaching,itwillraiseitstailstoinformtherestofthedeertorunawayfromthearea.ButsometimestheotherdeercannotseethesignalSothisparticulardeerwillalsodumpitsfootonthegroundtomakesomenoise.Whenotherdeerhearthenoise,theywillrunaway.场标题：passiveterritorial例子：中教授以大熊猫为例，大熊猫会在吃竹子的时候抬起前掌场标题定义：Inthelecture,theprofessorintroducestheconceptofgeneralizingwhichmeanschildrenareabletorealizethataworddoesn'tonlymeanaspecificobjectbutalsoothermeansotherobjectsofthesamecategoryastheygrowup.例子:Heoffersusanexampleofhisownson.Whenhewasmuchyounger,helearnttheword'train',at understandingofthiswordwasprettylimited,hethoughtitonlyreferredtohistoytrain.Butashegrewup,itcametohisunderstandingthattheword'train'notonlyreferstohistoytrainbutalsootherrealtrainsinlife.That'showtheprofessorusestheexampleofhissontoillustratetheconcept场20150807NA标题：Founder例子:澳大利亚的小雏菊在大陆的很大，当一小群漂洋过海到场20140329NA标题：Concept定义：Amarketingtechniquecompanyusetofindoutifcustomerlikesanewproductidea.Twobenefits:togaininformation;usefeedbackstoimprovetheproduct.例子:Abicyclecompanyintroducedafoldingbike.Marketingpeopletalktoagroupofconsumers.Informationgathering:consumerslikethefoldingback.Newfeedback:wantstohaveanattachedlock.Andthecompanyadaptedtheproductthebikesells场20140405NA标题：Compound定义：Twospecieslivetogether,whicharedifferentenoughtocompetefor例子:ExampleofAntsinAfrica.Thebiggerantcollectsfood,andthesmalleroneeatstheleftoverscrambles.Forthesmalleroneitdoesn'tneedtosearchforfood.Forthebiggeronethesmalleronemakesthenestcleanbyeatingtheleftoverwhichprevents场20140608NA例子:教授举了某种动物做例子，说在迁徙的时候，如果一只口渴停场标题：stimulusLecturenorthrussia5000northrussiasouthrussianorthrussianorthrussia场20130531NA标题：Negative场20131214NA标题：2kindsofanimal定义：Animalsgrouphavetwokinds:closed(don'tacceptothers)andpermeable( ingtheothers).Permeablegroupisbetterbecausenewmembersbringnewknowledge.例子:Chimpanzeeisagoodexample,theyleavehomesincetheygrowup,joinintoanewgroup.Andallarefriendlyeasytolive.Bringnewknowledge,differentchimpanzeeliveindifferentplacebefore.OnechimpanzeeperhapsusesstickstogeteggsfromnestOtherswatchinghimwhileheisngandtheylearnthat场20131220NA标题：virtuewith定义：Peoplemaythinkpeoplebetterthantheyreallyareinrealityiftheyassociatedwithsomethingotherspreferor例子:Theprofessordescribesanexampleofelectionofmayorinhishometown.Beforetheelection,hewassobusytoreadanyarticles,listentoanyspeechesorsomethingrelatedtoprovidethebackgroundinformation.However,therewasonecandidateformafamoussmalltown,whoisgoodatbusinessandorganizecommunity.What'smore,thisJonash‘smotherwasmayor20yearsago.Therefore,hethoughtthismanhasabilitytohandlethispositionandothersvotedtohimtoo.However,itturnedouttobethathewasn'tabletoworkonthismayorpositionbecausehedidn'tbringanybusinesstotheafterthe场标题：social场标题：stopover有两个好处。第一个是有很多食物、insects可以吃，第二个是有水，可以躲避大鸟，因为大鸟要吃他们。这样小鸟就可以eatinsectsand场标题：information例子:去一个新城市，带了guidebook，有介绍餐馆，一个意大利，他们也是informationcancade。场标题：logicalconsequence&inappropriate场场定义：Speciesinteractwitheachother,usuallybenefiteachother.Sometimesonetakesadvantageoftheother,onlyoneofthembenefits.例子:举例Bee&Flower.Dependoneachother.FloweristhefoodsourceforBee,Beetransportpollenforflowerandhelpthemreproduceorchid，外表bright，吸ees采蜜，但其实它没有nectar，去采蜜的时候，蜜没采到，结果花粉pollensticktobee’sbody,然后还是帮助orchid了花粉。这就是exploitation，bee单方面的被利用了。场20110430NA标题：anticipated例子:教授讲自己给妹妹买生日，选的时候他看中了一jacket，很想买给自己。如果他买了，他就没钱给妹妹买了。他于是幻想到买了这件jacket，回到家里就会感觉很，感场20110528NA标题：Distraction定义：Intheworldofanimals,someanimalsconfrontandagainst例子:Akindofdovealwayslikestobuildthenestontheground.It'seasytohartWhenthefoxcomes,onedovealwayspretendstobehurt,andcannotfly(luring).Sothesmallwill场20110610NA标题：Distraction定义：Intheworldofanimals,someanimalsconfrontandagainst例子:Akindofdovealwayslikestobuildthenestontheground.It'seasytohartWhenthefoxcomes,onedovealwayspretendstobehurt,andcannotfly(luring).Sothesmalldovewillsurvive.场标题：Bi-directionalcommunicationbetweenparentsand定义：babies例子:教授举了一个例子。两个parents和一个六个月大的babynamedMax。Max爱笑s，喜欢被抱tobehold，喜欢/communicatewithhisparentsMaxparentsbabyfeedbackfromtheparents。这种feedback又进一步刺激Max喜欢和父母交流。场例子:一个博物馆有3part场20100312NA出时，动物会有相应的反应echosystem场20100424NATASK场musichallfreeperformanceannouncement息，但是他missedthedeadlineofthecampusnewspapertosubmittheannouncement。优点1：/缺点优点2：/缺点场优点1：/解决方案2：去馆优点2：/缺点2：但馆假期每天只开放一段时间，剩下的时间不知道怎么场解决方案1：开男生的车子解决方案2：买别的时间的票缺点场问题：Thewomanhasatime .假期留校参加地理实践活动解决方案优点1：这样可以和父母度过happytime而且姐姐这次回来，缺点优点2：/场缺点1：/优点2：/缺点场backhurting,解决方案1：买医生建议的椅子。缺点1：/优点2：很便宜，这个男生坐了也比较舒服。缺点2：/场解决方案1：一是可以去朋友家做饭1：weirdand优点2：不用自己买菜、也不贵。缺点场问题：Thewomanwantstotaketheguitarlessonbuttheguitarlessongotcanceledbecausetherewasnotmuchpeoplesigningupforitthissemester.解决方案1：Herprofessorofferedthesolutioninwhichshecanseekforaprofessoratschoolforprivaessons.severallessonsaltogetheruntilshecanplayverywell.缺点1：Sheisconcernedabouttheexpensesinceprivatelessonsusuallyarenotcheap,nottomentionshehastotakeseveralcourses.2：Shecanbuyabookonlinetoteachherselfhowtoplayguitar,therealsocomeswithacdthatshecanlistento.优点2：Thereisnoneedtoworryaboutthecost.reallycommitted,disciplinedandsticktoit.场问题：无法及时完成storyofanthropology，因为她要采访的解决方案1：她放弃interview。解决方案2：她可以跟编辑商量延缓deadline。场问题：Theman'sproblemisthathewantstogoonatripwithhisFrenchclubduringspringbreakbuthecan'taffordit.解决方案1：The solutionistopickupsomeextrashiftsat缺点1：Hehasan ingexamandpickingupextrashiftswouldtakeupthetimehe'ssupposedtospendonstudying.themoneyforthetrip.优点2：He'snotgoingtobeamusicianorsomething,itwouldn'thurttosellitandusethemoneyforthetriphereallywantstotake.场问题：Themanhastofinishhispoetryassignmentandhewantstocopyapoemfromabookinthelibrary,butthelibraryisclosedonSundays.1：chooseanotherpoemto优点1：Hedoesn’tfindotherpoemsamazing2：WaituntilMondaymorningtogotothe优点场1Susan可以帮他sewing。优点1：/缺点优点2：/场优点1：/1chemistry很难，studygroup又很有用。解决方案2：考完试再整理房间。缺点2：/场问题：Thewomanjoinedanadventureclub,buttheplacetheyaregoingtoisgoingtobeclosed.Andthere’snorefundforthebustickets.1：Theycangotothe优点1：Butit’stoofartowalk2：Theycangotothenatural2：However,themuseumchangeexhibitionsonceinwhile,sotheywon’tget2：Butalotofpeoplehavebeenthere场优点1：很快。缺点1：但是随着日期机票越来越贵。解决方案2：他也可以坐火车。缺点场20130302NA解决方案1：他可以用家里没有过的代替还给学校。解决方案2：用本来要买winterjacket的钱赔。场20130322NA1：改地点到优点解决方案2：改时间到thedayaftertomorrow。场20131116NA问题：Themanhastochooseafartherroutewithmoretrafficjambecausehisoldrouteisbeingreconstructed,andhehasbeenlateforthehistoryclassesforseveraltimes.1：Wakeupearlierthan1：Hecanarriveatschoolon1：Sometimeshehastoworkuntillateatnightandhewon'tbeabletowakeupearlythenextmorning.2：Hecantakethisclassthenext2：Itwon'tbeaproblembecauseit'sonlybeen2weekssincetheystartedthissemester.场20131214NA问题：的公寓隔壁建筑扰民,她不能focusattentiontostudy。解决方案1：换一个公寓。解决方案2：去自习2studyinhousecomputersource。缺点2：/场优点1：/解决方案2：把一节课换到周三晚上。2：reallylongdayatschool场20121214NA缺点1：/优点2：/缺点场问题：要在校报一篇paper，但文章写得toolongto1cutoffthepapermakeit优点1：能立即缺点1：但觉得每个部分都很重要，不愿意cut，要弄短就只能Summarize了。解决方案2：到暑期版summerissue上publish。优点2：/场缺点解决方案2：取消这个，不去看话剧了，专心复 优点2：朋友会理解。缺点2：已经买票了，而且很想看场AmericanLiteraturediscuss课没机会discuss。1outclassdiscuss优点解决方案2：下学期再学场20110820NA优点1：可以参加活动2readingevent了优点2：/场20111105NA优点1：包装得很好。优点2：/缺点场问题：男生的anewroommateisanactive 。Heofteninviteslotsoffriendstovisittheirnewdormitorytoparty（talking，playingPCgames，watchingmovies）。这可以丰富他的sociallife，但hecan'tfocusonhisstudy。解决方案1：Gotoanotherplace,likelibrary学习，但男生说heworksonabigprojectandneedstousealotofmaterials.Hehasthemorganizedinthedorm。缺点1：馆的room太小了，不方便organizenightsvisitquietnights缺点场20100424NA优点1：/解决方案2：重新编排。场20100723NA末天气不好。所以有两个选择。优点1：/解决方案2：改地点，去餐厅吃。缺点场20101029NAschoolplay解决方案1：说第二天一早去馆给男生辅导。优点1：/1：但是男生觉得太早了怕起不来，而且时间也比较近，当天就优点2：/缺 2：男生觉得不好意思，说本来就是她自己忘记了Task场话题：mechanicorganization&organic1：Mechanicorganization1pizza样的pizza。场话题：Namerecognitionof要点1：在中重复商品名字并显示在屏幕中。重复直到顾客能够要点2：人们倾向于自己熟悉名字的产品。记住了品牌的名字可场要点1例子1：在新西兰某地有一种仙人掌，它的存在抑制了其他植物的生长。科学家们引入的昆虫之消灭的仙人掌，并没有污染或者例子2：化学防治浪费钱，引入昆虫只需要使用最少量的昆虫达到最国的一种weed。场要点2：二是要例子2：积极应对消费者可能有的不良情绪。比如同样是滑雪场这件 场要点1：利用风。1：当风大的时候，鸟会利用风力让自己的羽毛竖起来，这样皮例子2：当鸟的体温过高，它体内的血液就会被输送到过热、露的场话题：Twoadvantagesoffireforearly1：Theoneistoallowthemtomakebetterstonetools.1：Forexample,theycouldusefiretoheatthestonetoahightemperaturewhichcouldshipthestonetoasharpedgelikeasharpblade.Sotheearlyhumanscouldhuntmore2：Thesecondistoimprovetheearlyhumans’例子2：Forinstance,rawpotatoeswerehardtodigest.Butiftheyusedfiretoheatthepotatoes,itwouldbemucheasierto场要点1：长得很矮要点2：形成waxylayer2berrywaxyskin。可以吸收水分场话题：Theprofessorintroducesthatabirdhastwotypesoffeatherwhichcanhelpitpreyonthesurfaceofthecoldwater.要点1：Thetypeofweatheriswaterproof.2：Thesecondtypeofweatherisunderneaththetypeofweather.Itcanavoidtheheatlost.场(B)要点1：第一种叫horizontalloading。要点2：第二种叫verticalloading。场20140117NA话题：twoadaptionsofrainforestplantstoavoidwater1：Specialcoding要点2：Specialshape2sharpenleaves场20140620NA1everydaylife2groupposition2：比如刚才那个海鲜：musselsseafloor，他们之间的空隙形成其他动物能够生存的space。场20140726NA话题：Twowaysforwhalestousesoundstosurviveinthedeep1：Heartherefectionfromobjectssothatwholescangetrightdirection.2：obtain2：Sincewholeareingroup,onecancallotherwhalesifitfindanyfish.场20141121NA例子2：例如上个例子有第三只鸟，它也想要食物，如果它看到打架场20141219NA要点1：这样会有反馈，看新的是不是有问题来进一步改变。1：相机公司把新的拿给专业照相师用，发现闪光灯不能用就拿场例子1：比如青蛙在水中生蛋。要点2：建造retainmoisture的蛋，里面可以有包含液体的小包。场20130531NAbeacherosion。要点1：造建筑barrier。1：用混凝土等材料buildconstructinshallowwaterornearshore,这种construct减轻forceofthewave，decreaseamountofwaterthatreachthebeach，降低被浪卷走的沙的数量要点场20131025NA话题：Animal'sdefensemechanism.Somepeoplelikegroupliving,thisbringsbenefitsaslongasrisks.Forinstancedangerousdiseasemightspreadamongtheanimalsandthewholespeciesmightdistinct.Animalshavedifferentdefensemechanismstodealwithit.1：Behavior1：Antscleanthemselves,especiallythosewhogooutandsearchforfood,theycleanthemselvesmoreoftenthanthosewholiveinthecolony,becausethere’sariskthattheyfromoutsideworldtothewhole2：Bodily2：Antsgiveoutasubstancetoremove.场20131116NA话题：Twosolutionswhereanimalshaveterritorialfoodresourcesbuttheydon'tdefendtheterritory.要点1Whenthefoodresourcesareabundant,andunnecessarytodrivetheothersoutoftheir1：Forinstancesunbirdseatakindofnectarit’ssomuchthatthesunbirdsdon’tevenbothertodefendtheirown2：Whenthefoodresourcesaretoo例子2：Forinstance,ifthereareonlyafewflowers,thebirdswouldrathertakethetimeandlookforanotherresourceinsteadofwastingthetimetodriveawaytheotherbirds.场要点1：shortofstorageforroutines1stove，结果回2：losingplace例子2：举例子说你放水放咖啡豆准备做咖啡，然后你去接了个了，这些事太平常了，没有monitoreverysteps，所以如果你被distract了，你回来以后会omitonestep。场们如何避免sick。例子1：用race举例。场20121214NA话题：seabird的challenge 1：sunlighttoo1seabirdhavesmalleyes2：salty例子2：seabird体内有一个可以absorbandremovesalt，这样就能喝道freshwater。场要点1：第一种是他们感觉很灵敏。1：bonyfishhairpredator要点2：有一种能力可以在在水里然后躲起来，不让就能keepstill然后等predator走了。场Drops要点1：Toplantoospecifically,soeventuallycannotachieve.例子1：教授举了一个自己的例子:Shehadplanbeforethesemester,howmuchtimetoread,howmuchtimetoexercise...However,shecouldnotachieveit.要点2：Peoplealwaysexpectthattheplanwillbeprogresssmoothlywithoutinterruption.例子2：教授又用了一个自己的例子:Acolleagueaskedhertoresearchapaper,buttheprofessordidn'tknowthetopicwell.Sheexpectedthatsheshouldhavedoneitwithinafewhours,however,shehadtoaskforanextension.场20110708NA话题：twowaysofeco-1：Tocuttheenvironmentaltotheancientremainsinthemountainsinsteadoftakingbus．soitisprettyeco-friendly2：TodosomeprojectstopreserveinSouthAhisway，theynotonlyenjoythescenerybutalsopreservethehabitatsofmanywildanimals．场20110820NA要点1：化学物质，防止虫子他们。例子1：用redwoodtree作为例子。向，帮助植物收集养分，抵御很强的storm。2redwoodtree场20111014NA要点1：physiological1：一些鸟吃很多，囤积脂肪，满足长距离迁徙的需求，中途休2：behavior2socialprotectionfrompredator场处的。以coffee为例，weed的作用体现在以下的方面。营养的soil2insect2insectweedscoffee场话题：plantshedthemselves要点1：preventdamage1：marpletreesnowice2：reserve例子2：某种树，结果子时会让一些果子提前掉下以获得足够营养让场话题：Animalscancooperatetoprotectthemselvesandtheiryounginagroupintwoways.1：encirclingthe1：muskox（麝牛）：Whenthestockencounterandkeeptheiryounginsidethecircletoprotectthem.territories。Whenthetheyencounterfoxes，theywillcringloudlytogethertofrightenenemiesoutoftheregion.场20100424NA例子1：/2：大城市的马路，街道颜色很深。深色是吸热的，就算到了晚综合写作IntegratedWriting–场DemonstratethreetheoriestoexplainwhybirdshavetheBirdsuseantingtoirrigateskinduringfeatherchangeinTheacidreleasedduringantingbyantscanhelpresistparasitesgrowingonbirds.Antingisawayforbirdstofeedonthose：RefutethethreeexplanationsmentionedinreadingItisjustacoincidencebetweenthetimeoffeatherchangeandbirdAntingcannotreducethegrowthofparasitesonsomeBirdswillhaveotherthingstorubthemselves,buttheydonottendtoeatthosethings.场goal的员工)是否对员工有益。WellnessProgramsinUnitedStatesbringlotsofbenefitstocompaniesandTheprogramscan eamotivationaltoolforpeopletoloseweightandquitsmoking,bringingmuchhealthierlifestyle.EmployeeswillbemoreinclinedtotakeexercisesandhavewholesomedietsthroughthemotivationoftheWellnessPrograms.Althoughtheprogrammightcostcompaniesagreatdealofmoneyatbeginning,itsavesmorecomparedtothespendingforemployees’：TheprogramdoesnotTheprogrammaybeaneffectivewaytomotivateemployeesinshortterm,butitcannotkeepforalongperiod.Researchshowsthatafterseveralyears,peoplearebacktotheirbadhabits.Theprogramisnotfairforeveryemployee,becausecasesdiffer.Somewhohavetotakecareoftheirfamilyorcopewithchoresdonothaveenoughtimetoexercise,whileothersaregeneticallyfat.Companiesmightsuffergreatfinanciallossinlongterm,becausemanyemployeeswillnotstayinonecompanyforever.场Demonstratethreetheoriestoexplainwhythenumberofyellow-leggedmountaindeclined40yearsago.Akindoffish,thetrout,wasintroducedtothisareaandthetroutatetadpolesofthe.TheuseofpesticidescontaminatedtheThetherewereinfectedbyafungal：RefutethethreeexplanationsmentionedinreadingThetroutwasintroduced100yearsago,howeverthedeclinehappened40yearsago.Thetimedoesnotmatch.Rainfalltendstowashthepesticidestolowerandfartherplaces.However,livedinareaswithhigheraltitudethanthatoffarmsusingpesticides.Yellow-leggedmountaincanproducesomeantibodieswithintheirbodies,sothattheycanresisttotheinfectionoffungaldisease.场TherearethreereasonstoexplainwhyMaryRoseThegunspotwasnotclosedaftergettingfire,buttheyforgottocloseit.Waterpouredintogunspot.Sailorsdislikethecaptainanddonotfollowhis adesignificantdamagetothe：RefutethethreereasonsmentionedinreadingAccordingtoaresearch,therewerestillsomeconnonballsinthegunspot,whichprovedthatitcannotbeopened.Maryroseisflagship.Sailorsareallcapable,sotheywillnotfailfollowthecaptain’sleadundersuchdangerous entoldalieinordertoshowthattheywerepowerfulthan场PearlPoetThereare3possibleJohnMasseymightbepossible,becausehelivedinnorthwesternEngland,wherethepoemscameout,andthehandwritingsofJohnMasseyandPearlPoetarethesame.ItmightbeHugh,becausehewrotepoemsaboutGarwinandthose4famoushandwrittenpoemsarealsorelatedtoGarwin.What’smore,thepoemsalladopttherhetoricalmethodofalliteration.The4poemsmightnotbewrittenbyone becausethepoemsreferreddifferentareasinEngland.：Noneofthe3hypothesesisTherewassamecopierin14thcentury.Thatiswhythehandwritingsarethesame.ItcannotbeHughbecausethedialectusedinthepoemsofPearlPoetandHughistotallydifferent.Thepoemscannotbemadebyseveral s,becausethewordingofthe4poemsisverysimilar,whichisimpossiblefordifferentauthors.场ThreesolutionscanbeusedtolowertheeffectofwindturbinesuponThewindturbinesshouldbebuiltintheareasfarawayfromthemigratoryroutesofthebats.ThewindturbinesshouldbeturnedoffinthenightforbatsareRadarsshouldbeusedtorepelthebats,forthebatshateradar：ThosethreesolutionsarenotThemigratoryroutesofbatsareexactlytheplaceswherewindturbinesshouldbebuilt,foriftheyarebuiltintheremoteareas,suchasflatplain,thewindspeedwilldecline.Thoughthebatsarenotactiveinthedaytime,theywillchoosesleepontallstructures,andthetopsoftheturbinesaresuchplaces.Ifbatsmeettheelectromagneticwavesemittedbyradars,thosewaveswillprominentlyinfluencethereproductivesystemsofthebats.场：场preventjellyfishboomsfromThewriterputsforwardthreemethodstoaddress UsechemicalstodestroytheHarvestforhuman ernmentmakesstricterregulation,letting cleanballast：ThemeasuresareTheremainsofpolypwouldbreedthenextgenerationquickly.Besides,usingchemicalwaysmightdestroyotherspeciesinthemarineorotherOnly12kindsofjellyfishareedible.Andpeoplecanonlyeatonepercentofthem.Boatcompaniesandfishmenwillnotbewillingtodoso,foritwastesalotoftimeandhasanegativeinfluenceontheireconomicprofits.场3reasonscanexplainwhytoucanevolvedaWeaponsagainstColorandshapetohidefromGetridofexcessbody：Noneofthe3reasonsaboutthebill’sfunctionisItcannotfunctionasweapons.Itismadeofhollowbonesfilledwithair,soitisthinandlightweightorelseitcannotfly.Ifitisusedasaweapon,itwillbeeasilydamagedinactivitieslikejabbing.Theyhavetocallouttoeachotherinordertousethecolorandshapetoblendintosurroundingareas.Iftheydothis,theyaregoingtodrawattentionfrompredators.Healthytoucandoesnotusetheirbills.Theyneedbilltogetridofheatinthedaytimebutatnightwhenthetemperatureislower,theydonot.Theythenneedtoretainbodyheat.场HeinrichSchliemanndiscoveredagoldenmaskofwarriorking.HeclaimedthatthegoldenmaskistheMaskofAgamemnon.However,thearchaeologyindustrysthatthegoldenmaskisafake.Therearethreereasonsforthat. ly,Schliemannhasareputationoffakinghisdiscoveryandexcavation.HeusedtobuyanantiquefromacraftsmanandclaimthattheitemisfromancientGreekuntilitwasidentifiedafake.thegoldenmaskisverysuspiciousandSchliemannisSecondly,somefeaturesofthegoldenmaskare