教学课件 21世纪大学英语综合教程4Unit 3 B

Unit3:PartB《21世纪大学英语应用型综合教程IV》21stCenturyCollegeEnglish–forInteractivePurposes:Book4

MarriageCustomsUnit3:PartB《21世纪大学英语应用型Unit3:MarriageCustomsWarm-upTextBExercisesHomeworkUnit3:MarriageCustomsWarm-Directions:

Youwillheararecordingandyouarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Unit3:WarmupPersonalcharacterisprobablythemostimportantareawhenconsideringwhatyouwantinamarriagepartneranditisoftentheareathatgetstheleastattention.Mostotherattributesofaperson1.______theircharacterandvalues.Apersonwhoishardworkingand2.______islikelytobefinanciallywellofforwellontheirwaytoit.Apersonwhohasstrongmoralvaluesislikelytobe3.______.Apersonwhoisdogmaticandtraditionalmaybereligious.Directions:YouwillhearareUnit3:Warmup

Inidentifyingthequalitiesofyouridealmarriagepartner,4.______identifyingthecharacteristicsandvaluesheorshewouldhave.Whatqualitiesmustheorshedisplay?Persistence?5.______?Affection?Determination?Honesty?Highintegrity?Self-discipline?Intelligence?Knowledge?Loyalty?Thislistcanbequitelong.Butitiscriticalthatyouidentifythecharacteristicsthat6.______toyou.Unit3:WarmupInidentIfyouarefindingitdifficulttodeterminetheimportanceofa7.______characteristic,simplyimaginebeinginarelationshipwithapersonwhodoesnothaveit.Youwillknow8.______howimportantthatcharacteristicistoyou.Considerbeinginarelationshipwithadishonestpersonwhowillnottellyouwherehe/shehasbeenandwhathe/shehasbeendoing.Doesthisthoughtreallyupsetyou?Orisitjustmildly9.______?Considertheflipsideofthisaswell.Whatqualitiesmustyourpartnerabsolutelynothave?Dishonesty?Lackof10.______?Laziness?Socialineptitude?Andsoon.Unit3:WarmupCheckUnit3:WarmupCheckDirections:

Youwillheararecordingandyouarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Unit3:WarmupPersonalcharacterisprobablythemostimportantareawhenconsideringwhatyouwantinamarriagepartneranditisoftentheareathatgetstheleastattention.Mostotherattributesofaperson1._______________.theircharacterandvalues.Apersonwhoishardworkingand2.________islikelytobefinanciallywellofforwellontheirwaytoit.Apersonwhohasstrongmoralvaluesislikelytobe3.________.Apersonwhoisdogmaticandtraditionalmaybereligious.flowoutofpersistentspiritualDirections:YouwillhearareUnit3:Warmup

Inidentifyingthequalitiesofyouridealmarriagepartner,4._____________________identifyingthecharacteristicsandvaluesheorshewouldhave.Whatqualitiesmustheorshedisplay?Persistence?5._____________?Affection?Determination?Honesty?Highintegrity?Self-discipline?Intelligence?Knowledge?Loyalty?Thislistcanbequitelong.Butitiscriticalthatyouidentifythecharacteristicsthat6._______________________toyou.

paythemostattentiontoIndustriousnessareofessentialimportanceUnit3:WarmupInidentUnit3:WarmupIfyouarefindingitdifficulttodeterminetheimportanceofa7.________characteristic,simplyimaginebeinginarelationshipwithapersonwhodoesnothaveit.Youwillknow8.__________howimportantthatcharacteristicistoyou.Considerbeinginarelationshipwithadishonestpersonwhowillnottellyouwherehe/shehasbeenandwhathe/shehasbeendoing.Doesthisthoughtreallyupsetyou?Orisitjustmildly9.________?Considertheflipsideofthisaswell.Whatqualitiesmustyourpartnerabsolutelynothave?Dishonesty?Lackof10._________?Laziness?Socialineptitude?AegrityUnit3:WarmupIfyouUnit3:TextBPassageLanguageandCulturalPointsTranslationofTextBUnit3:TextBPassageUnit3:TextBMarriageCustoms

(FromUtopia)

ByThomasMore1.Womendonotmarrytilltheyareeighteen,normentilltheyaretwenty-two.Premaritalintercourse,ifdiscoveredandproved,bringsseverepunishmentonbothmanandwoman;andtheguiltypartiesareforbiddentomarryfortheirwholelives,unlessthegovernorbyhispardoncancelsthesentence.AlsoboththefatherandmotherofthehouseholdwheretheoffencewascommittedsufferpublicdisgraceforhavingbeenremissinUnit3:TextBMarriageCustomUnit3:TextB

theirduty.Thereasontheypunishthisoffencesoseverelyisthattheysupposefewpeoplewouldjoininmarriedlove—bybeingconfinedtoasinglepartnerandallthepetty

irritationsthatmarriedlifeinvolves—unlesstheywerestrictlyrestrainedfrompromiscuous

intercourse.2.Inchoosingmarriagepartnerstheysolemnlyandseriouslyfollowacustomwhichseemedtousfoolishandabsurdintheextreme.Whethershebewidoworvirgin,thewomanisshownnakedtothesuitorbyaresponsibleandrespectableoldlady;andsimilarly,somehonourableoldmanpresentsthesuitornakedtothewoman.Welaughedatthiscustom,andcalleditUnit3:TextBtheirduty.ThUnit3:TextB

absurd;buttheywerejustasamazedatthefoolishnessofallotherpeoples.Whenmengotobuyahorse,wheretheyareriskingonlyalittlemoney,theyaresocautiousthat,thoughtheanimalisalmostbare,theywon’tclosethedealuntilsaddleandblankethavebeentakenoff,lesttherebeahiddensoreunderneath.Yetinthechoiceofamate,whichmaycauseeitherdelightordisgustfortherestoftheirlives,menaresocarelessthattheyleavealltherestofthewoman’sbodycoveredupwithclothesandestimateherattractivenessfromamerehandsbreadthofherperson,theface,whichisalltheycansee.Andsotheymarry,runninggreatriskofbitterdiscord,ifsomethingineither’spersonshouldoffendtheother.NotallUnit3:TextBabsurd;butthUnit3:TextBpeoplearesowiseastoconcernthemselvessolelywithcharacter;andeventhewiseappreciatethegiftsofthebodyasasupplementtothevirtuesofthemind.There’snodoubtthatadeformitymayhideunderclothing,seriousenoughtoalienateaman’smindfromhiswifewhenhisbodycannolongerlawfullybeseparatedfromher.Ifsomedeformingaccidenttakesplaceaftermarriage,eachpersonmustbearhisownfate;butbeforehandeveryoneshouldbelegallyprotectedfromdeceit.Unit3:TextBpeoplearesowUnit3:TextB3.Thereisextrareasonforthemtobecareful,becauseinthatpartoftheworldtheyaretheonlypeoplewhopractisemonogamy,andbecausetheirmarriagesareseldomterminatedexceptbydeath—thoughtheydoallowdivorceforadulteryorforintolerablyoffensivebehaviour.Ahusbandorwifewhoistheinjuredpartyinsuchadivorceisgrantedleavebysenatetotakeanewmate;theguiltypartysuffersdisgraceandispermanentlyforbiddentoremarry.Buttheyabsolutelyforbidahusbandtoputawayhiswifeagainstherwillandwithoutanyfaultonherpart,justbecauseofsomebodilymisfortune;theythinkitcruelthatapersonshouldbeabandonedwhenmostinneedofcomfort;andtheyaddthatoldage,sinceitnotonlycarriesdiseasebutisadiseaseitself,needsmorethananunstable

loyalty.Unit3:TextB3.ThereiUnit3:TextB4.Ithappensoccasionallythatamarriedcouplehaveincompatiblecharacters,andhavebothfoundotherpersonswithwhomtheyhopetolivemoreharmoniously.Aftergettingapprovalofthesenate,theymaythenseparatebymutualconsentandcontractnewmarriages.Butsuchdivorcesareallowedonlyafterthesenatorsandtheirwiveshavecarefullyinvestigatedthecase.Divorceisdeliberatelymadedifficultbecausetheyknowthatconjugal

lovewillhardlybestrengthenedifeachpartnerhasinmindthatanewmarriageiseasilyavailable.Unit3:TextB4.IthappeUnit3:TextB

5.Violatorsofthemarriagebondarepunishedwiththestrictestformofslavery.Ifbothpartiesweremarried,botharedivorced,andtheinjuredpartiesmaymarryoneanotheriftheywant,orsomeoneelse.Butifoneoftheinjuredpartiescontinuestolovesuchaspousewhoisnotworthytobeloved,themarriagemaygoon,providedtheinnocentpersonchoosestoshareinthelabourtowhichtheslaveiscondemned.Andsometimesithappensthattherepentanceoftheguiltyandthedevotionoftheinnocentpartysomovethegovernortopitythatherestoresbothtofreedom.Butarelapseintothesamecrimeispunishedbydeath.Unit3:TextB5.ViolaUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointssevere

—a.1.strictorharshinattitudeortreatment严格的；严厉的2.verybad,intense,difficult,etc.恶劣的；严重的；艰难的Examples:Shewasaseverewomanwhoseldomsmiled.她是个严肃的女人，脸上很少出现笑容。Shemayappearseveretowardherchildrenbutsheisafondmotheratheart.她表面上对孩子们很严厉，实际上是一位慈祥的母亲。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Theseverestormdamagedmostofthecrops.猛烈的暴风雨毁掉了大部分庄稼。He’ssufferingfromseverementaldisorder.他患有严重的精神疾病。severe

—a.1.strictorharshinattitudeortreatment严格的；严厉的2.verybad,intense,difficult,etc.恶劣的；严重的；艰难的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsremiss

—a.carelessofone’sduty玩忽职守；松懈Examples:Youhavebeenveryremissinfulfillingyourobligations.你在履行义务方面一向很不负责任。Itwasremissofhertoforgettopaythebill.她忘了付账，真是粗心大意。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointspetty

—a.1.smallortrivial;unimportant小的；琐碎的2.havingorshowingasmallmind;mean狭隘的；气量小的Examples:Itwasapettyproblemandtheysoonsolvedit.这只是一个小问题，他们很快就解决了。Don’tbothermewithsuchpettythings.不要用这种小事来烦我。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Agossiphasapettymind.长舌妇往往心胸狭窄。Itwaspettyofhernottoaccepttheapology.她气量太小，连道歉也不接受。petty

—a.1.smallortrivial;unimportant小的；琐碎的2.havingorshowingasmallmind;mean狭隘的；气量小的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointspromiscuous—a.havingsexualrelationswithmanypeople滥交的；杂乱的Examples:Michellehasseveralboyfriendsatonce—inotherwords,she’spromiscuous.米歇尔同时有好几个男朋友——换句话说,她私生活混乱。Alecknewthatshewassuperficialandpromiscuous.亚历克知道她很肤浅且私生活混乱。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsThereasontheypunishthisoffencesoseverelyisthattheysupposefewpeoplewouldjoininmarriedlove—bybeingconfinedtoasinglepartnerandallthepettyirritationsthatmarriedlifeinvolves—unlesstheywerestrictlyrestrainedfrompromiscuousintercourse.Paraphrase:Whydotheypunishthisoffencesoseverely?Thereasonisthattheythinkifpeoplewerenotstrictlyrestrainedfrompromiscuousintercourse,fewofthemwouldchoosetojoininmarriedlove,becausemarriagetothemmeansbeingconfinedtoasinglepartnerandgoingthroughalltheproblemsandhardshipsinthemarriagelife.Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsabsurd

—pletelyridiculous;notlogicalandsensible荒谬的；荒唐的；怪诞不经的Examples:Itisquiteabsurdtobelievethatthenumber13isunlucky.相信13是个不吉祥的数字是荒唐可笑的。Thatuniformmakesthemlookabsurd.他们穿着那种制服看起来怪模怪样的。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Ifindmyselfgrowingincreasinglyangryattheabsurdityofthesituation.对如此荒谬可笑的情况我感到越来越生气。Hisstoryofbeingkidnappedbylittlegreenmenissheerabsurdity.他说他遭到矮小的绿种人绑架，这纯粹是无稽之谈。absurdity

—n.foolishbehavior荒谬；荒诞Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsextreme

—n.1.thefurthestpossiblelimit极度；极端2.feeling,condition,etc.asfarapartorasdifferentfrom anotheraspossible极端不同的感情（或状况等）Examples:Thisisinconvenientintheextreme.这极不方便。Thiskindofexperimentseemscruelintheextreme.这种试验看起来极度残忍。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Loveandhateareextremesofpassion.爱与恨是情感的两个极端。Hewasonceterriblyshybutnowhe’sgonetotheoppositeextreme.他以前特别腼腆，可现在却判若两人。extreme

—n.1.thefurthestpossiblelimit极度；极端2.feeling,condition,etc.asfarapartorasdifferentfrom anotheraspossible极端不同的感情（或状况等）Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsrespectable

—a.ofacceptablesocialposition;decentandproperinappearanceorbehavior体面的；有身份的；值得尊敬的Examples:Theyarearespectablemarriedcouple.他们是一对值得尊敬的夫妇。Hecamefromaperfectlyrespectablemiddle-classfamily.他出身于一个非常体面的中产阶级家庭。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Thechildreninourfamilyarealwaysrespectfultotheelders.我们家的孩子对长辈总是恭恭敬敬的。Theywentintotheirrespectivebedroomstopack.他们回到各自的卧室打包。respectful:a.feelingorshowingrespect恭敬的；表示尊敬或尊重的respective:a.

of

or

for

or

belonging

to

each

as

an

individual各自的；各个的；分别的C.f.Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointssimilarly

—ad.also;likewise也；同样Examples:

Similarly,ifthegovernmentraisestaxes,peoplehavelessmoneytospend.同样，如果政府增加税收，人们手里能花的钱就会减少。Hemingway’suseofdialoguewassimilarlyfresh,simple,andnaturalsounding.海明威笔下的对话也同样鲜活、简洁、自然。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Wehavesimilartastesinmusic.我们在音乐方面品味相似。Goldissimilarincolourtobrass.金与黄铜的颜色相似。similar—a.resemblingsb./sth.butnotthesame;alike相似的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Ibelievehewasanhonourableman,dedicatedtothepeopleandhisunion.我认为他是个品行高尚的人，一心为人民和工会的事业。Anhonourabledeathisbetterthanadisgracefullife.宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。honourable

—a.showingorcharacterizedbyhonorandintegrity正直的；尊敬的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsbare

—a.1.withouttheusualcoveringorprotection缺少遮盖的；没有保护的2.withoutclothing裸露的Examples:Itisonlyabarehillsidewithoutanytrees.这只是个光秃秃的山坡，没有树。Thisisanold,twistedtree,itsbarkshaggy,manyofitslimbsbrittleandbare.这是一棵虬枝盘绕的古树，树皮粗糙，很多枝杈光秃秃的，一折就断。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Shehadbarearmsandabareneck.她的胳臂和脖子都露在外面。Jonathan’sbarefeetmadenosoundinthesoftsand.乔纳森光着脚在松软的沙滩上走，一点声音都没有。bare

—a.1.withouttheusualcoveringorprotection缺少遮盖的；没有保护的2.withoutclothing裸露的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Ifyouaccepttheterms,wewillclosethedeal.你方若接受这些条款，我们就成交。We

are

planning

a

meeting

soon

to

close

the

deal.

我们将尽快安排一次会议，以完成这笔交易。closethedeal

—toreachanagreementoncertaintermsforbuyingordoingsth.达成一笔交易Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointssaddle

—n.seat,oftenofleather,forarideronahorse,donkey,etc.鞍；鞍座Examples:Pleasegivemealiftontothesaddle.请把我扶上马鞍。Thesaddleissecure.这鞍子很牢。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsinthesaddle

—1.onhorseback骑着马2.inapositionofcontrol在位；掌权Examples:Sherideseasyinthesaddle.她轻松地骑着马。Hespenthoursinthesaddle.他骑了几个小时的马。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:It’sgoodtohaveanexperiencedmaninthesaddleagain.又有一位经验丰富的人掌权,这太好了。Thedirectorhopestoremaininthesaddle.该董事希望留任。inthesaddle

—1.onhorseback骑着马2.inapositionofcontrol在位；掌权Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Thoughthesorebeinghealed,yetascarmayremain.伤口虽然痊愈了,却可能留下伤疤。Herhandsarecoveredinsores.她双手有很多伤口。sore

—n.painfulplaceonthebody(wheretheskinorfleshisinjured)痛处；伤处Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Anoteofdiscordcreptintotheirrelationship.他们的关系出现了裂痕。

Whathasbroughtdiscordintohisfamily?什么使得他的家庭不和?discord—n.disagreement;quarrelling纷争；不和Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsNotallpeoplearesowiseastoconcernthemselvessolelywithcharacter;andeventhewiseappreciatethegiftsofthebodyasasupplementtothevirtuesofthemind.Paraphrase:Inchoosingtheirmarriagepartners,somepeoplearenotwiseenoughtoputemphasisonlyoncharacter,andeventhewisemenvaluehighlythebodyandthinkthevirtuesofthemind,togetherwithabeautifulbody,makeanidealmarriagepartner.Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Hewasbornwithaslightdeformityofthefootwhichmadehimlimp.他的脚先天有点畸形，走起路来一瘸一拐的。Hisdeformitytotallydisabledhimfromfollowinghisvocation.他的残疾使他完全失去了从事他职业的能力。deformity—n.beingdeformed变形；畸形Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Don’talienateyourselffromthemasses.不要脱离群众。ThePrimeMinister’spolicyalienatesmanyofhisfollowers.首相的政策使许多拥护他的人疏远了他。alienate

—v.tocausesb.tobecomeunfriendlyorindifferent;toestrangesb.使疏远或冷淡；离间Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Shoesthataretootightdeformthefeet.穿太紧的鞋子会使脚变形。Inseverecases,itcandeformjointsandcrippleitsvictims.严重的情况，可使关节变形，使病人残废。deform—v.tospoiltheshapeorappearanceofsth.使成畸形；毁坏…的形状或外观Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsdeceit

—n.1.deliberatelyleadingsb.tobelieveoracceptsth.thatisfalse欺骗；欺诈2.dishonestactorstatement不诚实的行为或语言Examples:Shewonherpromotionbydeceit.她用欺骗的手段获得晋升。Heisamanofdeceit.他是一个奸诈的人。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Theyhavebeeninvolvedinacampaignofdeceit.他们参与了一系列的诈骗活动。Theboy’sdeceitmadehismotherveryunhappy.男孩的欺骗行为使他的母亲非常生气。deceit

—n.1.deliberatelyleadingsb.tobelieveoracceptsth.thatisfalse欺骗；欺诈2.dishonestactorstatement不诚实的行为或语言Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Youcan’tpassexamswithoutworking,sodon’tdeceiveyourselfintothinkingyoucan.不努力是不可能通过考试的，因此不要欺骗自己以为可以过关。Weweredeceivedintobelievingthathecouldhelpus.我们受骗了，还以为他会帮助我们。deceive—v.tomakesb.believesth.thatisnottrue(soastomakehimdosth.);todeliberatelymisleadsb.欺骗Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Themusicmayend,thelifemayterminate,buttheidealcannot.音乐可以结束,生命可以终结,但理想不会。Youhavenorighttoterminatethecontract.你无权终止合同。terminate—v.tocometoanendorbring(sth.)toanend结束；终止

Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsoffensive—a.1.upsettingorannoying;insulting烦扰人的；冒犯的2.disgusting;repulsive讨厌的；使人反感的Examples:Ifoundyourattitudemostoffensive.我觉得你的态度十分无礼。Shesaidsomeoffensiveremarks.她说了一些令人不快的话。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Hismodeofdoingbusinessisoffensivetome.我很不喜欢他做事的方式。Ifoundhimveryoffensive.我觉得他非常讨厌。offensive—a.1.upsettingorannoying;insulting烦扰人的；冒犯的2.disgusting;repulsive讨厌的；使人反感的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsunstable

—a.likelytochangesuddenlyandbecomeworse不稳的；不坚固的Examples:Thepatient’sconditionwasunstable.那位患者的病情不稳定。Thepoliticalsituationwasunstable.政局动荡。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPoints...andtheyaddthatoldage,sinceitnotonlycarriesdiseasebutisadiseaseitself,needsmorethananunstableloyalty.Paraphrase:...andtheyaddthattheagedpeopleneedastableloyaltyfromtheirmarriagepartner,notonlybecauseitismorelikelyforthemtogetadisease,butbecausebeingageditselfisadisease.Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Theyareutterlyincompatiblewitheachother.他们之间水火不容。Themarriedcouplearguedincessantlyandfinallydecidedtoseparatebecausetheyareincompatible.这对夫妻不断争吵，由于实在无法相容,最终他们决定分手。incompatible—a.1.notabletoliveorworkhappilywithsb.不能和谐相处的；合不来的2.notconsistentorinlogicalagreementwithsth.不一致的；不相符的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Hisbehaviorhasbeenincompatiblewithhisroleasheadofstate.他的行为与他的国家领袖身份不相称。Discriminationisincompatiblewithdemocraticprinciples.歧视与民主原则不相容。incompatible—a.1.notabletoliveorworkhappilywithsb.不能和谐相处的；合不来的2.notconsistentorinlogicalagreementwithsth.不一致的；不相符的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsmutual—a.1.(ofafeelingoranaction)feltordonebyeachtowardsthe other相互的；彼此的2.sharedbytwoormorepeople共同的，共有的Examples:Democracyisbasedongoodwillandmutualunderstanding.民主是建立在善意和相互理解基础上的。Bymutualconsent,theyareseparated.经双方同意后，他们分居了。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Theyhadsharedacommondangerandamutualdeliverance.他俩共历艰辛，同免于难。Wewereintroducedbyamutualfriend.我们共同的一位朋友介绍我们认识了。mutual—a.1.(ofafeelingoranaction)feltordonebyeachtowardsthe other相互的；彼此的2.sharedbytwoormorepeople共同的，共有的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointscontract—v.toenterintoorundertakesth.formally正式缔结或确定n.awrittenlegalagreementbetweentwopeopleorbusinesses契约，合同Examples:Shehadcontractedamostunsuitablemarriage.她订下了一个极不合适的婚约。Thetwobusinessescontractedamerger.这两家公司立约合并。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Thecontractwillaffectournationalprestigeintheworld.这一合同将会影响我国的国际声望。Iwithheldpaymentuntiltheyhadfulfilledthecontract.他们履行合同后，我才付款。contract—v.toenterintoorundertakesth.formally正式缔结或确定n.awrittenlegalagreementbetweentwopeopleorbusinesses契约，合同Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsinvestigate—v.1.tofindoutandexamine(allthefactsaboutsth.)inordertoobtainthetruth调查；侦查2.tofindoutdetailedfactsabout(sb’scharacteroractions)byquestioning,observation,etc.审问，审查Examples:Hewasaskedtoinvestigatethecausesofarailwayaccident.他被派去调查火车发生事故的原因。Maybeweshouldinvestigateeverybadmarriageinthecity.也许我们应该调查这座城市所有的不良婚姻。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsinvestigate—v.1.tofindoutandexamine(allthefactsaboutsth.)inordertoobtainthetruth调查；侦查2.tofindoutdetailedfactsabout(sb’scharacteroractions)byquestioning,observation,etc.审问，审查Examples:Applicantsforgovernmentpostsarealwaysthoroughlyinvestigatedbeforebeingappointed.申请担任政府公职的人总要经过彻底审查才能得到委任。Thepolicemendecidedtocatchherfirst,andtheninvestigateher.警察决定先把她抓起来再审问。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Aftertheirweddingceremony,theystartedtheirconjugallife.结婚仪式后，他们开始了夫妻生活。Prisonersarepermittedconjugalvisits.允许囚犯的配偶探视。conjugal

—a.ofmarriageortherelationshipbetweenhusbandandwife婚姻的；夫妻之间的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsDivorceisdeliberatelymadedifficultbecausetheyknowthatconjugallovewillhardlybestrengthenedifeachpartnerhasinmindthatanewmarriageiseasilyavailable.Paraphrase:Theymakedivorcedifficultonpurpose,becausetheyknowthatthecouplewillnottrytostrengthentheirloveiftheythinkitiseasytogetanewmarriage.Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Herachievementsareworthyofthehighestpraise.她的成就值得给予最高赞赏。Shesaidshewasnotworthytoacceptthehonourtheyhadofferedher.她说她不配接受他们给予的荣誉。worthy—a.deservingsth.ortodosth.应得的；值得的Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsprovided

—conj.ontheconditionorunderstandingthat假若；除非Examples:Iwillagreetogoprovided(that)myexpensesarepaid.如果为我负担费用，我就同意去。Providedwegetgoodweatheritwillbeasuccessfulholiday.如果天气良好，我们的假日将过得非常愉快。Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Heshowsnorepentanceforwhathehasdone.他对自己的所作所为毫无悔意。Confessionisthefirststeptorepentance.认罪是悔罪的第一步。repentance—n.regretorsorrowforwrongdoing忏悔；悔悟Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:LanguageandCulturalPointsExamples:Shecan’treturntoworkbecauseshe’shadarelapse.由于旧病复发，她不能回来工作了。Youarewellnow,butmindyoudon’thavearelapse.你的病现在好了,但要防止反复。relapse—n.thefactofbecomingillagainaftermakinganimprovement旧病复发；倒退Unit3:LanguageandCulturalUnit3:Exercises

LanguageFocusComprehensionTranslationA

BUnit3:ExercisesLanguUnit3Exercises:Comprehension

1.Parentsofthehouseholdwherethepremaritalintercoursewascommittedsufferpublicdisgracebecausetheydidn’tfulfilltheirduty.2.Byusingtheexamplethatmengotobuyahorse,thewritertriestoexplainthatthepeopleinUtopiaarequitecautiousaboutthechoiceofamate.

3.Inadivorceforadulteryorforintolerablyoffensivebehaviour,theinjuredpartyisallowedtoremarry.

4.Accordingtothetext,ifit’seasyforpeopletogetdivorced,theyarelikelytothinkaboutanewmarriage.

5.Violatorsofthemarriagebondarepunishedseverelybydeath.FirstReading:Readthetextanddecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatem