外研版英语七上Module8教案【教学资源库】

外研版英语七上Module8：第6课时教案【教学资源库】Teachingresources教学资源库=1\*ROMANI．文化背景知识=2\*ROMANII.重点知识详解*******************************************************************************=1\*ROMANI．文化背景知识ThehistoryofbirthdaypartiesBirthdaypartiesarealwaysamongthehighlightsofachild'syear,butdidyoueverwonderhowthetraditionofbirthdaypartiesstarted?ThetraditionofbirthdaypartiesstartedinEuropealongtimeago.Itwasfearedthatevilspiritswereparticularlyattractedtopeopleontheirbirthdays.Toprotectthemfromharm,friendsandfamilywouldtocomebewiththebirthdaypersonandbringgoodthoughtsandwishes.Givinggiftsbroughtevenmoregoodcheertowardofftheevilspirits.Thisishowbirthdaypartiesbegan.Atfirstitwasonlykingswhowererecognizedasimportantenoughtohaveabirthdaycelebration(maybethisishowthetraditionofbirthdaycrownsbegan?).Astimewentby,childrenbecameincludedinbirthdaycelebrations.Thefirstchildren'sbirthdaypartiesoccurredinGermanyandwerecalledKinderfeste.BirthdaytraditionsindifferentcountriesCanadaGreasingthenosewithbutterormargarine.

InAtlanticCanada(NovaScotia,PrinceEdwardIsland,NewBrunswickandNewfoundland)thebirthdaychildisambushedandtheirnoseisgreasedforgoodluck.

Thegreasednosemakesthechildtooslipperyforbadlucktocatchthem.ThistraditionisreputedtobeofScottishdecent.

Birthdaypunches.

InQuebecthebirthdaypersonreceivesapunchforeachyeartheyarealiveandthenoneforgoodluck.China-NoodlesforLunch.Thebirthdaychildpaysrespecttohis/herparentsandreceivesagiftofmoney.Friendsandrelativesareinvitedtolunchandnoodlesareservedtowishthebirthdaychildalonglife.CubaFood,music,pinatasandlotsofpeople.ThecelebrationsareverysimilartotheUnitedStates;food,decorations,gifts,pinatas,cake,candles,"happybirthday"songandgames.

Butalotofpeopleareinvitedincludingneighbors,friends,co-workersandfamilyeveniftheydon'thavekidsaroundthebirthdaychild'sage.DenmarkFlyingFlags.Aflagisflownoutsideawindowtodesignatethatsomeonewholivesinthathouseishavingabirthday.Presentsareplacedaroundthechild'sbedwhiletheyaresleepingsotheywillseethemimmediatelyuponawakening.EnglandFortuneTellingCakesandBumps.Certainsymbolicobjectsaremixedintothebirthdaycakeasitbeingprepared.Ifyourpieceofcakehasacoininit,thenyouwillberich.Also,whenitsyourbirthdayyourfriendsgiveyouthe"bumps"theyliftyouintheairbyyourhandsandfeetandraiseyouupanddowntothefloor,oneforeachyearthenoneforluck,twoforluckandthreefortheoldman'scoconut!GermanyCandlesleftburningfortheday.Amemberofthebirthdayperson’sfamilywakesupatsunriseandlightsthecandlesonthebirthdaycake.Thereareasmanycandlesastheyearsofageofthebirthdaypersonplusoneforgoodluck.Thecandlesareleftburningalldaylong.Afterdinnerthatnighttheneveryonesingsthebirthdaysongandthebirthdaypersonblowsoutthecandles.Ifallofthecandlesareblownoutinonetrythenthewishofthebirthdaypersonwillcometrue.Presentsarethenopenedandthepartystarts.HollandCrownYears.Specialyearbirthdayssuchas5,10,15,20,21arecalled"crown"years.Thebirthdaychildreceivesanespeciallylargegiftonacrownyearbirthday.Thefamilyalsodecoratesthebirthdaychild'schairatthediningroomtablewithseasonalflowersorpaperstreamers,paperflowersandballoons.Atschoolthebirthdaychildcangivetheirclassmatessomethingtoeatandtheteachermakesthechildabirthdayhat,oftenmadeofpaperstreamersorpaperflowers.HungaryCandytoschool.Thebirthdaychildbringscandytoschooltogivetotheirclassmates.IndiaColoreddressandchocolates.Atschoolthebirthdaychildwearsacoloreddressandpassesoutchocolatestotheentireclass,withthehelpofatrustedfriend.IrelandBirthdayBumps.Thebirthdaychildisliftedupsidedownand"bumped"onthefloorforgoodluck.Thenumberofbumpsgivenistheageofthechildplusoneforextragoodluck.IsraelChairRaising.Asmallchildsitsinachairwhilegrown-upsraiseandloweritanumberoftimescorrespondingtothechild'sage,plusoneforgoodluck.ItalyPullingears.

Thechild'searsarepulledasmanytimesashowoldtheyareturning.JapanNewClothes.Thebirthdaychildwearsentirelynewclothestomarktheoccasion.Certainbirthdaysaremoreimportantthanothersandthesearecelebratedwithavisittothelocalshrine.Lithuania-Garlandsandliftingthegarlandishungaroundtheentiredoorofthehomeofthebirthdayperson.Thebirthdaypersonsitsinadecoratedchairandfamilymembersliftthemuptothreetimes.NewZealandBirthdayclaps.Afterthebirthdaycakeislit,thehappybirthdaysongissungloudlyandoftenoutoftuneandthenthepersonbirthdaypersonreceivesaclapforeachyeartheyhavebeenaliveandthenoneforgoodluck.NorwayBirthdayday.Thebirthdaychildstandsoutinfrontoftheirclassandchoosesafriendtosharealittledancewhiletherestoftheclasssingsahappybirthdaysong.PhilippinesMixtureofEastandWest.Birthdaycakesarebakedinvarioussizesandshapes.Thecelebrationincludesnoodlesrepresentinglonglife,balloondecorationsandpinatas.EarlierinthedaythefamilygoestohearMassandtothankGod.RussiaBirthdayPies.Insteadofabirthdaycake,manyRussianchildreceiveabirthdaypiewithabirthdaygreetingcarvedintothecrust.UnitedStatesCake,candlesandsong.Acakeismade,andcandlesareputontopbasedonhowoldthepersonis.Theneveryonesingsthe"happybirthday"song,andattheendofthesong,thebirthdaychildblowsoutthecandles.Iftheyblowthemalloutwithoneblow,theirbirthdaywisheswillcometrue.VietnamEveryone’sbirthdayiscelebratedonnewyearsday.

NotonlyisTet(越南的春节)thebeginningofaNewYear,itisalsoeveryone'sbirthday.TheVietnamesedonotknoworacknowledgetheexactdaytheywereborn.AbabyturnsoneonTetnomatterwhenhe/shewasbornthatyear.Childrensaytheywerebornintheyearofthesymbolofthelunarcalendarforthatyear.OnthefirstmorningofTet,adultscongratulatechildrenonbecomingayearolderbypresentingthemwithredenvelopesthatcontain"LuckyMoney,"orlixi.Theseenvelopesaregiventothechildrenbyparents,siblings,relativesandclosefriends.=2\*ROMANII.重点知识详解1.Helikesfilmsandheoftengoestothecinema.他喜欢电影，他经常去看电影。Sheneverwearsjeansortrainers.她从不穿牛仔裤或运动鞋.在连接两个肯定意义的词或句子时,我们常常用and；在连接两个否定意义的词或句子时，我们常常用or。例如： WangDonghasafootballandabasketball.王东有一个足球和一个篮球。 WangDonghasnofootballorbasketball.王东既没有足球，也没有篮球。2.trainers的意思是“运动鞋”，这是英式英语,美式英语用sneakers来表示。3.在英语中有些名词表示由左右对称的两部分构成的东西,常常用复数形式.这类名词做主语时谓语动词要用复数,表示数量时常用:数词+pair(s)+ofshoes鞋trousers裤子glasses眼镜