2010年12月英语四级真题

2010年12月英语四级考试真题PartIWriting(30minutes)1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2.为了让孩子独立,父母应该……HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning)（15minutes)questionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromtenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.AGrassrootsRemedyMostofusspendourlivesseekingthenaturalworld.Tothisend,wewalkthedog,playgolf,gofishing,sitinthegarden,drinkoutsideratherthaninsidethepub,haveapicnic,liveinthesuburbs,gototheseaside,buyaweekendplaceinthecountry.ThemostpopularleisureactivityinBritainisgoingforawalk.Andwhenjoggers(慢跑者)jog,theydon’trunthestreets.Everyoneoftheminstinctivelyheadstotheparkortheriver.Itismyprofoundbeliefthatnotonlydoweallneednature,butweallseeknature,whetherweknowwearedoingsoornot.Butdespitethis,ourchildrenaregrowingupnature-deprived(丧失).IspentmyboyhoodclimbingtreesonStreathamCommon,SouthLondon.Thesedays,childrenarerobbedoftheseancientfreedoms,duetoproblemslikecrime,traffic,thelossoftheopenspacesandoddnewperceptionsaboutwhatisbestforchildren,thatistosay,thingsthatcanbebought,ratherthanthingsthatcanbefound.Thetruthistobefoundelsewhere.AstudyintheUS:familieshadmovedtobetterhousingandthechildrenwereassessedforADHD—attentiondeficithyperactivitydisorder(多动症).Thosewhoseaccommodationhadmorenaturalviewsshowedanimprovementof19%;thosewhohadthesameimprovementinmaterialsurroundingsbutnoniceviewimprovedjust4%.AstudyinSwedenindicatedthatkindergartenchildrenwhocouldplayinanaturalenvironmenthadlessillnessandgreaterphysicalabilitythanchildrenusedonlytoanormalplayground.AUSstudysuggestedthatwhenaschoolgavechildrenaccesstoanaturalenvironment,academiclevelswereraisedacrosstheentireschool.Anotherstudyfoundthatchildrenplaydifferentlyinanaturalenvironment.Inplaygrounds,childrencreateahierarchy(等级)basedonphysicalabilities,withthetoughonestakingthelead.Butwhenagrassyareawasplantedwithbushes,thechildrengotmuchmoreintofantasyplay,andthesocialhierarchywasnowbasedonimaginationandcreativity.Mostbullying(恃强凌弱)isfoundinschoolswherethereisatarmac(柏油碎石)playground;theleastbullyingisinanaturalareathatthechildrenareencouragedtoexplore.ThisremindsmeunpleasantlyofSunnyhillSchoolinStreatham,withitsharshtarmac,whereIusedtohangaboutincornersfantasisingaboutwildlife.Butchildrenarefrequentlydiscouragedfrominvolvementwithnaturalspaces,forhealthandsafetyreasons,forfearthattheymightgetdirtyorthattheymightcausedamage.So,instead,thedamageisdonetothechildrenthemselves:nottotheirbodiesbuttotheirsouls.OneofthegreatproblemsofmodernchildhoodisADHD,nowincreasinglyandexpensivelytreatedwithdrugs.YetonestudyafteranotherindicatesthatcontactwithnaturegiveshugebenefitstoADHDchildren.However,wespendmoneyondrugsratherthanongreenplaces.Thelifeofoldpeopleismeasurablybetterwhentheyhaveaccesstonature.Theincreasingemphasisforthegrowingpopulationofoldpeopleisinqualityratherthanquantityofyears.Andstudyafterstudyfindsthatagardenisthesinglemostimportantthinginfindingthatquality.Inwiderandmoredifficultareasoflife,thereisevidencetoindicatethatnaturalsurroundingsimproveallkindsofthings.Evenproblemswithcrimeandaggressivebehaviourarereducedwhenthereiscontactwiththenaturalworld.DrWilliamBird,researcherfromtheRoyalSocietyfortheProtectionofBirds,statesinhisstudy,“Anaturalenvironmentcanreduceviolentbehaviourbecauseitsrestorativeprocesshelpsreduceangerandimpulsivebehaviour.”Wildplacesneedencouragingforthisreason,nomatterhowsmalltheircontribution.Wetendtolookonnatureconservationassomekindoffavourthathumanbeingsaregrantingtothenaturalworld.Theerrorhereisfartoodeep:notonlydohumansneednatureforthemselves,buttheveryideathathumanityandthenaturalworldareseparablethingsisprofoundlydamaging.Humanbeingsareaspeciesofmammals(哺乳动物).Forsevenmillionyearstheylivedontheplanetaspartofnature.Ourancestralselvesmissthenaturalworldandlongforcontactwithnon-humanlife.Anyonewhohaspattedadog,strokedacat,satunderatreewithapintofbeer,givenorreceivedabunchofflowersorchosentowalkthroughtheparkonaniceday,understandsthat.Weneedthewildworld.Itisessentialtoourwell-being,ourhealth,ourhappiness.Withoutthewildworldwearenotmorebutlesscivilised.Withoutotherlivingthingsarounduswearelessthanhuman.FivewaystofindharmonywiththenaturalworldWalk:Breaktherhythmofpermanentlybeingunderaroof.Getoffastopearlier,makeacircuitoftheparkatlunchtime,walkthechildtoandfromschool,getadog,feelyourselfmovinginmovingair,look,listen,absorb.Sit:Takeamoment,everynowandthen,tobestillinanopenspace.Inthegarden,anywherethat’snotintheoffice,anywhereoutofthehouse,awayfromtheroutine.Situnderatree,lookatwater,feelrefreshed,eversoslightlyrenewed.Drink:Thebestwaytoenjoythenaturalworldisbyyourself;thesecondbestwayisincompany.Takeadrinkoutsidewithagoodperson,agoodgathering:talkwiththesunandthewindwithbirdsongforbackground.Learn:Expandyourboundaries.Learnfivespeciesofbird,fivebutterflies,fivetrees,fivebirdsongs.Thatway,youseeandhearmore:andyourmindrespondsgratefullytothegreateramountofwildnessinyourlife.Travel:Theplacesyoualwayswantedtovisit:bytheseaside,inthecountry,inthehills.Takeaweekendbreak,aday-trip,getoutthereanddoit:forthescenery,forthewaythroughthewoods,forthebirds,forthebees.Gosomewherespecialandbringspecialnesshome.Itlastsforever,afterall.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.Whatistheauthor’sprofoundbelief?［A］Peopleinstinctivelyseeknatureindifferentways.［B］Peopleshouldspendmostoftheirlivesinthewild.［C］Peoplehavequitedifferentperceptionsofnature.［D］Peoplemustmakemoreeffortstostudynature.2.Whatdoestheauthorsaypeoplepreferfortheirchildrennowadays?［A］Personalfreedom.［B］Thingsthatarenatural.［C］Urbansurroundings.［D］Thingsthatarepurchased.3.WhatdoesastudyinSwedenshow?［A］Thenaturalenvironmentcanhelpchildrenlearnbetter.［B］Moreaccesstonaturemakeschildrenlesslikelytofallill.［C］Agoodplaygroundhelpskidsdeveloptheirphysicalabilities.［D］NaturalviewscanpreventchildrenfromdevelopingADHD.4.Childrenwhohavechancestoexplorenaturalareas________.［A］tendtodevelopastrongloveforscience［B］aremorelikelytofantasiseaboutwildlife［C］tendtobephysicallytougherinadulthood［D］arelesslikelytobeinvolvedinbullying5.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestwedotohelpchildrenwithADHD?［A］Findmoreeffectivedrugsforthem.［B］Providemoregreenspacesforthem.［C］Placethemundermorepersonalcare.［D］Engagetheminmoremeaningfulactivities.6.Inwhatwaydoelderlypeoplebenefitfromtheircontactwithnature?［A］Theylookonlifeoptimistically.［C］Theyareabletolivelonger.［B］Theyenjoyalifeofbetterquality.［D］Theybecomegood-humoured.7.DrWilliamBirdsuggestsinhisstudythat________.［A］humanityandnaturearecomplementarytoeachother［B］wildplacesmayinduceimpulsivebehaviourinpeople［C］accesstonaturecontributestothereductionofviolence［D］ittakesalongtimetorestorenatureoncedamaged8.Itisextremelyharmfultothinkthathumanityandthenaturalworldcanbe______________9.Theauthorbelievesthatwewouldnotbesocivilisedwithout____________________10.Thefivesuggestionstheauthorgivesattheendofthepassagearemeanttoencouragepeopletoseek_________________withthenaturalworld.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11.［A］Themanshouldvisitthemuseums.［C］Thebeachresortisagoodchoice.［B］Shecan’tstandthehotweather.［D］SheenjoysstayinginWashington.12.［A］Hernewresponsibilitiesinthecompany.［B］Whatherjobprospectsare.［C］Whatthecustomers’feedbackis.［D］Thedirector’sopinionofherwork13.［A］Combinehertrainingwithdieting.［B］Repeatthetrainingeverythreedays.［C］Avoidexcessivephysicaltraining.［D］Includeweightliftingintheprogram.14.［A］Whenshewillreturnhome.［B］Whethershecangobyherself.［C］Whethershecantravelbyair.［D］Whenshewillcompletelyrecover.15.［A］Thewomanknowshowtodealwiththepolice.［B］Thewomanhadbeenfinedmanytimesbefore.［C］Thewomanhadviolatedtrafficregulations.［D］Thewomanisgoodatfindingexcuses.16.［A］Switchofftherefrigeratorforawhile.［B］Havesomeonerepairtherefrigerator.［C］Askthemantofixtherefrigerator.［D］Buyarefrigeratorofbetterquality.17.［A］Heownsapieceoflandinthedowntownarea.［B］Hehasgotenoughmoneytobuyahouse.［C］Hecanfinallydowhathehasdreamedof.［D］Heismovingintoabiggerapartment.18.［A］Sheisblackandblueallover.［B］Shehastogotoseeadoctor.［C］Shestayedawayfromworkforafewdays.［D］Shegothurtinanaccidentyesterday.Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.［A］Shewasabankmanager.［B］Shewasavictimoftherobbery.［C］Shewasadefencelawyer.［D］Shewasawitnesstothecrime.20.［A］Atallmanwithdarkhairandamoustache.［B］Ayouthwithadistinguishingmarkonhisface.［C］Athirty-year-oldguywearingalightsweater.［D］Amedium-sizedyoungmancarryingagun.21.［A］Identifythesuspectfrompictures.［B］Goupstairstosignsomedocument.［C］Haveherphototakenfortheirfiles.［D］Verifytherecordofwhatshehadsaid.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.［A］Byreadinganewspaperad.［C］Bylisteningtothemorningnews.［B］ByseeingacommercialonTV.［D］Bycallinganemploymentservice.23.［A］Shecouldimproveherforeignlanguages.［B］Shecouldworkclosetoherfamily.［C］Shecouldtraveloverseasfrequently.［D］Shecoulduseherpreviousexperiences.24.［A］Takingmanagementcourses.［C］Workingasasecretary.［B］TeachingEnglishatauniversity.［D］StudyingforadegreeinFrench.［A］Prepareforaninterviewinacoupleofdays.［B］Readtheadvertisementagainformoredetails.［C］Sendinawrittenapplicationassoonaspossible.［D］Gettoknowthecandidatesontheshortlist.SectionBDirections:注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。PassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.［A］Theycannotseethefirefightersbecauseofthesmoke.［B］Theydonotrealizethedangertheyarein.［C］Theycannothearthefirefightersforthenoise.［D］Theymistakethefirefightersformonsters.27.［A］HetravelsalloverAmericatohelpputoutfires.［B］Heoftenteacheschildrenwhattododuringafire.［C］HeteachesSpanishinaSanFranciscocommunity.［D］Heprovidesoxygenmaskstochildrenfreeofcharge.28.［A］Hesavedthelifeofhisbrotherchokingonfood.［B］Herescuedastudentfromabigfire.［C］Heisverygoodatpublicspeaking.［D］Hegivesinformativetalkstoyoungchildren.29.［A］FirefightersplayanimportantroleinAmerica.［B］Kidsshouldlearnnottobeafraidofmonsters.［C］Carelessnesscanresultintragedies［D］Informativespeechescansavelives.PassageTwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.［A］Tosatisfytheneedsoftheirfamily.［B］Tofullyrealizetheirpotential.［C］Tomakemoneyforearlyretirement.［D］Togainasenseoftheirpersonalworth.31.［A］Theymayhavetocontinuetoworkinoldage.［B］Theymayregretthetimetheywasted.［C］Theymayhavenobodytodependoninthefuture.［D］Theymayhavefewerjobopportunities.32.［A］Makingwiseuseofyourtime.［B］Enjoyingyourselfwhileyoucan.［C］Savingasmuchasyoucan.［D］Workinghardandplayinghard.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.［A］Hardworkingstudentsbeingaccusedofcheating.［B］Boystudentsbeingoftentreatedaslaw-breakers.［C］Innocentpeoplebeingsuspectedgroundlessly.［D］Junioremployeesbeingmadetoworkovertime.［A］Forbiddingstudentstotakefoodoutoftherestaurant.［B］Requestingcustomerstopaybeforetakingthefood.［C］Askingcustomerstoleavetheirbagsonthecounters.［D］Allowingonlytwostudentstoenteratatime.［A］Hewastakentothemanager.［B］Hewascloselywatched［C］Hewasaskedtoleave［D］Hewasovercharged.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。Writingkeepsusintouchwithotherpeople.Wewritetocommunicatewithrelativesandfriends.Wewriteto(36)_------_ourfamilyhistoriessoourchildrenandgrandchildrencanlearnand(37)______theirheritage(传统).WithcomputersandInternetconnectionsinsomany(38)_____,colleges,business,peoplee-mailingfriendsandrelativesallthetime—ortalkingtotheminwritinginonline(39)____rooms.Itischeaperthancallinglongdistance,andalotmore(40)________thanwaitinguntilSundayforthetelephone(41)_____todrop.Studentsaree-mailingtheirprofessorsto(42)_____anddiscusstheirclassroomassignmentsandto(43)_____________them.Theyaree-mailingclassmatestodiscussandcollaborate(合作)onhomework.(44)__________________.Despitethegrowingimportanceofcomputers,however,therewillalwaysbeaplaceandneedforthepersonalletter.(45)_____________.Nomatterwhatthecontentofthemessage,itsrealpointis,“IwantyoutoknowthatIcareaboutyou.”(46)__________________________,butonlyinthesuccessofhumanrelationships.PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whatdeterminesthekindofpersonyouare?Whatfactorsmakeyoumoreorlessbold,intelligent,orabletoreadamap?Alloftheseareinfluencedbytheinteractionofyourgenesandtheenvironmentinwhichyouwere47.Thestudyofhowgenesandenvironmentinteracttoinfluence48activityisknownasbehavioralgenetics.Behavioralgeneticshasmadeimportant49tothebiologicalrevolution,providinginformationabouttheextenttowhichbiologyinfluencesmind,brainandbehavior.Anyresearchthatsuggeststhat50toperformcertainbehaviorsarebasedinbiologyiscontroversial.Whowantstobetoldthattherearelimitationstowhatyoucan51basedonsomethingthatisbeyondyourcontrol,suchasyourgenes?Itiseasytoacceptthatgenescontrolphysicalcharacteristicssuchassex,raceandeyecolor.Butcangenesalsodeterminewhetherpeoplewillgetdivorced,how52theyare,orwhatcareertheyarelikelytochoose?Aconcernofpsychologicalscientistsisthe53towhichallofthesecharacteristicsareinfluencedbynatureandnurture(养育),bygeneticmakeupandtheenvironment.Increasingly,science54thatgeneslaythegroundworkformanyhumantraits.Fromthisperspective,peopleareborn55likeundevelopedphotographs:Theimageisalreadycaptured,butthewayit56appearscanvarybasedonthedevelopmentprocess.However,thebasicpictureistherefromthebeginning.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。［A］abilities［I］extent［B］achieve［J］indicates［C］appeal［K］proceeds［D］complaints［L］psychological［E］contributions［M］raised［F］displayed［N］smart［G］essentially［O］standard［H］eventuallySectionBPassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Itisprettymuchaone-waystreet.Whileitmaybecommonforuniversityresearcherstotrytheirluckinthecommercialworld,thereisverylittletrafficintheoppositedirection.Payhasalwaysbeenthebiggestdeterrent,aspeoplewithfamiliesoftenfeeltheycannotaffordthedropinsalarywhenmovingtoauniversityjob.Forsomeindustrialscientists,however,theattractionsofacademia(学术界)outweighanyfinancialconsiderations.HelenLeetooka70%cutinsalarywhenshemovedfromaseniorpostinAbbottLaboratoriestoamedicaldepartmentattheUniversityofCambridge.Hermainreasonforreturningtoacademiamid-careerwastotakeadvantageofthegreaterfreedomtochooseresearchquestions.Someareasofinquiryhavefewprospectsofacommercialreturn,andLee’sisoneofthem.Theimpactofasalarycutisprobablylesssevereforascientistintheearlystagesofacareer.GuyGrant,nowaresearchassociateattheUnileverCentreforMolecularInformaticsattheUniversityofCambridge,spenttwoyearsworkingforapharmaceutical(制药的)companybeforereturningtouniversityasapost-doctoralresearcher.Hetooka30%salarycutbutfeltitworthwhileforthegreaterintellectualopportunities.Higheruptheladder,whereapaycutisusuallymoresignificant,thedemandforscientistswithawealthofexperienceinindustryisforcinguniversitiestomakethetransition(转换)toacademiamoreattractive,accordingtoLee.Industrialscientiststendtoreceivetrainingthatacademicsdonot,suchashowtobuildamultidisciplinaryteam,managebudgetsandnegotiatecontracts.Theyarealsowellplacedtobringsomethingextratotheteachingsideofanacademicrolethatwillhelpstudentsgetajobwhentheygraduate,saysLee,perhapsexperienceinmanufacturingpracticeorproductdevelopment.“Onlyasmallnumberofundergraduateswillcontinueinanacademiccareer.Sosomeoneleavinguniversitywhoalreadyhastheskillsneededtoworkinanindustriallabhasfarmorepotentialinthejobmarketthansomeonewhohasspentalltheirtimeonanarrowresearchproject.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57.By“aone-waystreet”(Line1,Para.1),theauthormeans________.［A］universityresearchersknowlittleaboutthecommercialworld［B］thereislittleexchangebetweenindustryandacademia［C］fewindustrialscientistswouldquittoworkinauniversity［D］fewuniversityprofessorsarewillingtodoindustrialresearch58.Theword“deterrent”(Line2,Para.1)mostprobablyreferstosomethingthat________.［A］keepssomeonefromtakingaction［C］attractspeople’sattention［B］helpstomovethetraffic［D］bringssomeoneafinancialburden59.WhatwasHelenLee’smajorconsiderationwhenshechangedherjobinthemiddleofhercareer?［A］Flexibleworkhours.［C］Herpreferenceforthelifestyleoncampus.［B］Herresearchinterests.［D］Prospectsofacademicaccomplishments.60.GuyGrantchosetoworkasaresearcheratCambridgeinorderto________.［A］dofinanciallymorerewardingwork［B］raisehisstatusintheacademicworld［C］enrichhisexperienceinmedicalresearch［D］exploitbetterintellectualopportunities61.Whatcontributioncanindustrialscientistsmakewhentheycometoteachinauniversity?［A］Increaseitsgraduates’competitivenessinthejobmarket［B］Developitsstudents’potentialinresearch.［C］Helpittoobtainfinancialsupportfromindustry.［D］Gearitsresearchtowardspracticalapplications.PassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Beingsociablelookslikeagoodwaytoaddyearstoyourlife.Relationshipswithfamily,friends,neighbours,evenpets,willalldothetrick,butthebiggestlongevity(长寿)boostseemstocomefrommarriageoranequivalentrelationship.Theeffectwasfirstnotedin1858byWilliamFarr,whowrotethatwidowsandwidowers(鳏夫)wereatamuchhigherriskofdyingthantheirmarriedpeers.Studiessincethensuggestthatmarriagecouldaddasmuchassevenyearstoaman’slifeandtwotoawoman’s.Theeffectholdsforallcausesofdeath,whetherillness,accidentorself-harm.Eveniftheoddsarestackedagainstyou,marriagecanmorethancompensate.LindaWaiteoftheUniversityofChicagohasfoundthatamarriedoldermanwithheartdiseasecanexpecttolivenearlyfouryearslongerthananunmarriedmanwithahealthyheart.Likewise,amarriedmanwhosmokesmorethanapackadayislikelytoliveaslongasadivorcedmanwhodoesn’tsmoke.There’saflipside,however,aspartnersaremorelikelytobecomeillordieinthecoupleofyearsfollowingtheirspouse’sdeath,andcaringforaspousewithmentaldisordercanleaveyouwithsomeofthesamesevereproblems.Evenso,theoddsfavourmarriage.Ina30-yearstudyofmorethan10,000people,NicholasChristakisofHarvardMedicalSchooldescribeshowallkindsofsocialnetworkshavesimilareffects.Sohowdoesitwork?Theeffectsarecomplex,affectedbysocio-economicfactors,health-serviceprovision,emotionalsupportandothermorephysiological(生理的)mechanisms.Forexample,socialcontactcanboostdevelopmentofthebrainandimmunesystem,leadingtobetterhealthandlesschanceofdepressionlaterinlife.Peopleinsupportiverelationshipsmayhandlestressbetter.Thentherearethepsychologicalbenefitsofasupportivepartner.Alifepartner,childrenandgoodfriendsareallrecommendedifyouaimtoliveto100.Theultimatesocialnetworkisstillbeingmappedout,butChristakissays:“Peopleareinterconnected,sotheirhealthisinterconnected.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。62.WilliamFarr’sstudyandotherstudiesshowthat_________.［A］sociallifeprovidesaneffectivecureforillness［B］beingsociablehelpsimproveone’squalityoflife［C］womenbenefitmorethanmenfrommarriage［D］marriagecontributesagreatdealtolongevity63.LindaWaite’sstudiessupporttheideathat_________.［A］oldermenshouldquitsmokingtostayhealthy［B］marriagecanhelpmakeupforillhealth［C］themarriedarehappierthantheunmarried［D］unmarriedpeoplearelikelytosufferinlaterlife64.Itcanbeinferredfromthecontextthatthe“flipside”(Line4,Para.2)refersto_________.［A］thedisadvantagesofbeingmarried［B］theemotionalproblemsarisingfrommarriage［C］theresponsibilityoftakingcareofone’sfamily［D］theconsequenceofabrokenmarriage65.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsocialnetworks?［A］Theyhaveeffectssimilartothoseofamarriage.［B］Theyhelpdeveloppeople’scommunityspirit.［C］Theyprovidetimelysupportforthoseinneed.［D］Theyhelprelievepeopleoftheirlife’sburdens.66.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?［A］It’simportantthatwedevelopasocialnetworkwhenyoung.［B］Tostayhealthy,oneshouldhaveapropersocialnetwork.［C］Gettingadivorcemeansriskingareducedlifespan.［D］Weshouldshareoursocialnetworkswitheachother.PartⅤCloze(15minutes)注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Overhalftheworld’speoplenowliveincities.Thelatest“GlobalReportonHumanSettlements”saysasignificantchangetookplacelastyear.Thereport67thisweekfromU.N.Habitat,aUnitedNationsagency.Acenturyago,68thanfivepercentofallpeoplelivedincities.69themiddleofthiscenturyitcouldbeseventypercent,or70sixandahalfbillionpeople.Alreadythree-fourthsofpeoplein71countriesliveincities.Nowmosturbanpopulation72isinthedevelopingworld.Urbanizationcan73tosocialandeconomicprogress,butalsoput74oncitiestoprovidehousingand75.Thenewreportsaysalmosttwohundredthousandpeoplemove76citiesandtownseachday.Itsaysworseninginequalities,77bysocialdivisionsanddifferencesin78,couldresultinviolenceandcrime79citiesplanbetter.Anotherissueisurbansprawl(无序扩展的城区).Thisiswherecities80quicklyintoruralareas,sometimes81amuchfasterratethanurbanpopulationgrowth.Sprawlis82intheUnitedStates.Americansmovealot.Inarecentstudy,ArtHallattheUniversityofKansasfoundthatpeoplearemovingawayfromthe83citiestosmallerones.Heseesa84toward“de-urbanization”acrossthenation.85urbaneconomiesstillprovidemany86thatruralareasdonot.67.［A］cameon［B］cameoff［C］cameover［D］cameout68.［A］more［B］other［C］less［D］rather69.［A］By［B］Through［C］Along［D］To70.［A］really［B］barely［C］ever［D］almost71.［A］flourishing［B］developed［C］thriving［D］fertile72.［A］extension［B］addition［C］raise［D］growth73.［A］keep［B］turn［C］lead［D］refer74.［A］pressure［B］load［C］restraint［D］weight75.［A］surroundings［B］communities［C］concerns［D］services76.［A］onto［B］into［C］around［D］upon77.［A］pulled［B］driven［C］drawn［D］pressed78.［A］situation［B］wealt［C］treasure［D］category79.［A］when［B］if［C］unless［D］whereas80.［A］expand［B］split［C］invade［D］enlarge81.［A］in［B］beyond［C］with［D］at82.［A］common［B］conventio［C］ordinary［D］frequent83.［A］essential［B］prior［C］primitive［D］major84.［A］trend［B］style［C］direction［D］path85.［A］Then［B］But［C］For［D］While86.［A］abilities［B］qualities［C］possibilities［D］realitiesPartVITranslation(5minutes)Directi