week4-实战课车辆系统监控设计实

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written设计实CS205

Spring

Uber

车辆系统战Season

1

Final-实战课Ross

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erAll

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writtenFinally,

Microservices!All

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writtenBefore

westart?Do

you

remember

Java

&

Spring

basics

in

our

class?Can

you

see

the

dots

connecting

Java...Spring...Spring

Boot...SpringCloud?DoWhyou

value

Ops

in

productionat’s

your

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CTO?All

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OSSAll

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&EurekaCircuit

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HystrixAll

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writtenSpring

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in

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writtenJava

Spring

面试题精讲All

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written面试题1BrowserApplicationHTTP

500All

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written面试题2Why

did

you

use

Spring?What

are

the

benefits

of

using

Spring

Framework?What

is

DI

/IoC?All

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written面试题3What

is

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Boot?Why

did

you

use

Spring

Boot?Can

you

config

Spring

without

Spring

Boot?All

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written面试题4What

is

Transactional

annotation?How

does

Spring

handle

Transaction?All

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written面试题4What

is

Transactional

annotation?JPA

on

itself

does

not

provide

any

type

of

declarative

transactionmanagement.

When

using

JPA

outside

of

a

dependency

injectioncontainer,

transactions

need

to

behandled

programatically

by

thedeveloperA

developer

needs

to

get

transaction

from

entityManager,

declare

whentransaction

starts,

when

to

commit

the

transaction,

ifany

exceptionoccurs,

whether

it

needs

to

rollback

atransactionAll

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written面试题4What

is

Transactional

annotation?it's

repetitive

and

error

proneany

error

can

have

a

veryhigh

impacterrors

are

hard

to

debug

and

reproducethis

decreases

the

readability

ofthe

code

baseWhat

if

thismethod

calls

another

transactional

method?All

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written面试题4What

is

Transactional

annotation?Transactional

annotation

is

a

Spring

way

toprovide

declarativetransaction

managementBy

using

@Transactional

annotation,

it

is

mu ore

convenientandreadable,

and

is

currentlythe mended

way

to

handle

transactionsinSpring.By

using

@Transactional,

many

important

aspects

such

as

transactionpropagation

are

handled

automatically.

In

this

case

ifanothertransactional

method

is

called

by

businessLogic(),

that

method

will

havethe

option

of

joining

the

ongoing

transaction.All

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?PersistenceContextDatabase

TransactionThe

transactional

annotation

itself

defines

the

scope

of

a

single

databasetransaction.

The

database

transaction

happens

inside

the

scope

of

apersistence

context.All

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?Thepersistence

context

is

in

JPA

the

EntityManager,

implementedinternally

using

an

Hibernate

Session

(when

using

Hibernate

as

thepersistence

provider).The

persistence

contextisjust

a

synchronizer

object

that

tracks

the

stateof

a

limited

set

of

Javaobjects

and

makes

sure

that

changes

on

thoseobjects

are

eventually

persisted

back

into

the

database.All

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?One

Entity

Managercanbe

used

across

several

database

transactionsA

common

practice

is

to

use

the

JPA

EntityManager

is

with

the

"EntityManager

per

application

transaction"pattern.

This

is

the

most

commonway

to

inject

an

entity

managerAll

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?The

persistence

context

proxy

that

implemen

tityManager

is

not

theonly

component

needed

for

making

declarative

transaction

managementworkThe

EntityManager

ProxyThe

Transactional

AspectThe

TransactionManagerAll

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?The

EntityManager

ProxyThe

Transactional

AspectBeforeAfterThe

Transaction

Managershould

a

new

Entity

Manager

be

created?should

a

new

database

transaction

be

started?All

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?In

case

it

needs

to

create

a

new

transactioncreate

anew

entitymanagerbind

the

entity

manager

tothe

current

threadgrab

a

connection

fromthe

DB

connection

poolbind

the

connection

to

the

current

threadTheentity

manager

and

theconnection

areboth

bound

to

the

currentthread

using

ThreadLocal

variables.All

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written面试题4How

does

Spring

handle

transaction?Entity

Manager

ProxyWhen

the

business

method

calls

for

entityManager.persist(),

thiscall

isnot

invoking

the

entity

manager

directly.Instead

the

business

method

calls

the

proxy,

which

retrieves

the

currententity

manager

from

the

thread,

where

the

Transaction

Managerput

it.All

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written面试题5Checked

Except

on

VS

UncheckedExcept

onCheckedExcept

ons

are

checked

at

comp

e

t

meE.g.

IOExcept

onUncheckedExcept

ons

are

not

checked

at

comp

e

t

meErrorRunt

meExcept

onNPEClassCastExceptionArithmetic

ExceptionAll

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written面试题5What

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best

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handling

exceptions?All

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？PerformanceScalabilityAvailabilityMonitoringSecurityAll

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？PerformanceRedis

cachingGeohash

based

load

balancingKafkaCassandra

as

data

storeAll

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？GeohashEncoding

lat/lon

points

as

strings.

The

original

intention

was

to

have

a

URL-friendly

way

of

specifying

geolocations,

but

geohashes

have

turned

out

to

bea

useful

way

of

indexing

geo-points

and

geo-shapes

in

databasesAll

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？GeohashDivide

the

world

into

a

grid

of

32

cells—4

rows

and

8

columns—eachrepresented

by

a

letter

or

number.

The

g

cell

covers

half

of

Greenland,

all

ofIceland,

and

most

ofGreat

Britian.

Each

cell

can

be

further

divided

intoanother

32

cells,

which

can

be

divided

into

another

32

cells,

and

so

on.

Thegc

cell

covers

Ireland

and

England,

gcp

covers

most

of

London

and

partofSouthern

England,

and

gcpuuz94k

is

the

entrance

to

Buckingham

Palace,accurate

to

about5

meters.The

longer

the

geohash

string,

the

more

accurate

it

is.

Iftwo

geohashesshare

a

prefix—

and

gcpuuz—then

itimplies

that

they

are

near

each

other.The

longer

the

shared

prefix,

the

closer

they

areAll

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Uber项目进行系统优化？RedisAll

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Uber项目进行系统优化？KafkaAll

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Uber项目进行系统优化？KafkaAll

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？CassandraDecentralizedEvery

node

in

the

cluster

has

the

same

role.

There

is

no

single

point

of

failure.Data

is

distributed

across

the

cluster

(so

each

node

contains

different

data),

butthere

is

no

master

as

every

node

can

service

any

request.All

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？CassandraSupports

replication

and

multi

d enter

replicationReplication

strategies

are

configurable.

Cassandra

is

designed

as

a

distributedsystem,

for

deploymentof

large

numbers

of

nodes

across

multiple

d

enters.Key

features

of

Cassandra’s

distributed

architectureare

specifically

tailored

formultiple-d enter

deployment,for

redundancy,

for

failover

and

disasterrecovery.ScalabilityRead

and

write

throughput

both

increase

linearly

as

new

machines

are

added,

withno

downtime

or

interruptionto

applications.All

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？CassandraFault-tolerantData

is

automatically

replicated

to

multiple

nodesfor

fault-tolerance.

Replication

across

multiple

d

enters

is

supported.

Failed

nodes

can

be

replacedwith

nodowntime.Tunable

consistencyWrites

and

reads

offer

a

tunable

level

of

consistency,

all

the

way

from

"writesnever

fail"

to

"block

for

all

replicas

to

be

readable",

with

the

quorum

level

in

themiddleMapReduce

supportAll

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Uber项目进行系统优化？ScalabilityNginxEurekaCassandraAll

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written面试题6如何对Spring

Uber项目进行系统优化？AvailabilityHystrixAvailability

ZonesReplicated

PersistenceAll

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