九年级英语英语复合句复习课件

MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishJuniorThreeComplexSentencesMainlyRevisionofJuniorEngl1TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英语教材中涉及到的复合句主要有：TheObjectClause

(宾语从句)、TheAdverbialClause

(状语从句)和

TheAttributiveClause

(定语从句)。其它诸如主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等形式的复合句尽管在教材中也有出现，但在中考中没有被列为重点考查范围。TheComplexSentencesinJun2Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。宾语从句一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)3

重点和难点

1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句

2、直接引语和间接引语

3、宾语从句中时态的变化重点和难点4不同引导词引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句

由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，

what

和连接副词where,how,why,when

引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句不同引导词引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句5

A)Introducedbythat主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。

e.g.Hesaysthat

hewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.A)Introducedbythat6Note:1.that的省略：that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that本身无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.2.宾语从句的否定转移：主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。如：我认为鸡不会游泳。误：Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正：Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.此外，上述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：

Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?Note:7e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.

（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesunBacke.g.hewillbebackinanho8BackC)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs（连接代词和连接副词）一、构成：

1.1.宾语从句可由连接代词what,who,whom,which等引导，它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等，因此不能省略。

Doyouknowwho

willcomethisafternoon?(作主语)Didyouhearwhat

hesaid?（作宾语）

Idon’tknowwhosethatis.（作表语）

Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?（作gate的定语）

2.宾语从句可由连接副词when,where,how,why等引导，它们在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。

Wedidn’tknowwhen

shewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Nooneknowswhysheislateagain.BackC)Introducedbyrelative9由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词

when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Heasked__________________________________.

（谁的书法是班上最好的）※5.Doyouknow_______________.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）6.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）7.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）8.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）9.Wouldyoutellme_________________（为什么火车迟到了）

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclassWhichissmaller,theearthorthemoon?Whenwewillhavethemeeting

wherehishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislateBack由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,10BackB)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否”，在一般情况下可以互换。if多用于口语和非正式文体中，whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如：e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.BackB)Introducedbyif/whethe11BackNote:只用whether的五种情况：1.在介词后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.与ornot连用时Idon’tknowwhethertheywillcometohelpusornot.3.在动词discuss或者其他介词后面的宾语从句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.whether后可以接动词不定式Wedon’tknowwhethertogotheretomorrow.BackNote:只用whether的五种情况：12由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.

（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotBack由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.13直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.

HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.

直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e14直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(wh15直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,what,when等引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.

Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.

直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,w16直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。

2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.

Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注意：Back直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1、当主句的谓语动词是一17四、宾语从句的时态主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应。特别要注意的是当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。试比较：Hesays

thathewants

toseehimassoonaspossible.He

saidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsays

thatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.四、宾语从句的时态18二、难点：

1.避免重复出现连接代词或连接副词；

e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.

（应去掉that）

2.从句中的语序为陈述语序；

e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?(应改为：…howoldsheis)3.从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应。

e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(应改为：…whenshewouldcome)

二、难点：19三、转换：

1)由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句可用疑问代词和疑问副词＋动词不定式替代，进行句型上的转换。

I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?三、转换：20三、转换：

1）find,think等动词后面的宾语从句也可以用复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）来代替。Hefoundthatitwasdifficulttofallasleepbecauseofthenoiseupstairs.=Hefounditdifficulttofallasleepbecauseofthenoiseupstairs.三、转换：

1）find,think等21Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoingTheradiosaysit_________cl2210.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe23将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.将下列句子合并为一句:Iaskedwherethey247.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”

Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”T25Ⅲ.TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用。

ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTom

who(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.

先行词

定语从句

引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which

引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,whyⅢ.TheAttributiveClause(定语从26

一

、who,whom,whose引导的定语从句

1.who在从句中作主语，不可省略，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人。e.g.Thisisthedoctorwho

cameheryesterday.2.whom在从句中作宾语，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人，可以省略。e.g.Theman(whom)

yousawlastweekhasleftthetown.一、who,whom,whose引导的定语从27注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原来的位置上。在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。e.g.a)

ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.=Themanwhom

IborrowedthebookfromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)

Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill.(takecareof是固定词组)注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可28

3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰的先行词既可是人也可是物。e.g.Iknowthewoman

whose

husbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhose

windowfacessouth.3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰29

二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词均指物，它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是物,通常情况下，它们可以互换。1.that,which在从句中作主语，不可省略。

e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.2.that,which在从句中作宾语，可以省略。

e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)

youtalkedaboutlastweek?注意：关系代词在作介词宾语时，只能用which且不能省略。

e.g.Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)

heoncelivedinisameeting-room.二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词30知识拓展：引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般情况下，尽管可以互换使用，但在下列情况下，只能用that，而不用which：

1.先行词是复合不定代词everything,anything,nothing等时。

e.g.Shedidn’tforgetanything(that)

hermotherhadtoldhertobuy.2.先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)

Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthat

isnexttothewindow.3.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)

Ihaveeverseen.知识拓展：引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般314.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。e.g.Thisistheverynovel(that)

youwanttoborrow.

5.先行词是或被all,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时，

e.g.I’vewrittendownall(that)theteacherdoesn’tallowustodo.Theyhaven’tgotanydictionaries(that)weneed.6.先行词既包含人又包含物时。e.g.Hetoldusmanyinterestingthingsandpersons(that)

wehadneverheard.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,the327.主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。e.g.Whoistheman(that)

youspoketojustnow?Whichisthebook

that

wasstolenbyhim?

8.先行词是主句的表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。

e.g.Chinaisnolongerthecountry(that)itusedtobe.7.主句是以who,which引导的特殊疑问句时。8.33三、关系副词where,when,why引导的定语从句（在从句中作状语）1.where表示地点，它引导的定语从句修饰表地点的先行词。e.g.Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.c.f.Thisisthevillage(that/which)

hevisitedlastyear.2.when表示时间，它引导的定语从句修饰表时间的先行词。e.g.I’llneverforgettheday

whenIjoinedtheLeague.c.f.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)

wespenttogether.3.why表示原因，它引导的定语从句修饰表原因的先行词。e.g.Thereasonwhy

hedidn’tcomeyesterdayisquiteclear.三、关系副词where,when,why引导的定语从句134定语从句专练：()1.Thenumberofpeople

losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.A.whichB.whoC.whomD./()2.Thisisthemostbeautifulpart

Ihave

visited.A.which;everB.that;neverC.which;yetD.that;ever()3.Mynecklaceisnottheonlything

ismissing.A.thatB.whichC.whatD./()4.We’retalkingaboutTonny,

youmetyesterday.A.withwhoB.whomC.whichD.that()5.Isthistheverymuseum

someJapanesevisitorsvisitedlastWednesday?A.oneB.whereC.thatD.whichBDABC定语从句专练：()1.Thenumberof35

()6.Thebook

coverisredisTom’s.A.whichB.thatC./D.whose()7.Theplace

Igrewupisabeautifultown.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.fromwhich()8.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople

thishappensisverylarge.A.whoB.towhichC.thatD.towhom()9.Doyoustillrememberoneeveningaweekago

Icametoyourroomandborrowedadictionary?A.beforeB.whichC.whenD.as()10.Isthatthenovelabout

theytalkedinclassyesterday?A.whichB.thatC.whoD./DCDCA()6.Thebookcove36MainlyRevisionofJuniorEnglishJuniorThreeComplexSentencesMainlyRevisionofJuniorEngl37TheComplexSentencesinJuniorEnglish:

初中英语教材中涉及到的复合句主要有：TheObjectClause

(宾语从句)、TheAdverbialClause

(状语从句)和

TheAttributiveClause

(定语从句)。其它诸如主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等形式的复合句尽管在教材中也有出现，但在中考中没有被列为重点考查范围。TheComplexSentencesinJun38Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)

宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。宾语从句一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。Ⅰ.TheObjectClause(宾语从句)39

重点和难点

1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句

2、直接引语和间接引语

3、宾语从句中时态的变化重点和难点40不同引导词引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句

由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which，

what

和连接副词where,how,why,when

引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句不同引导词引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句41

A)Introducedbythat主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell,know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。

e.g.Hesaysthat

hewantstospeaktotheheadmaster.I’msorry(that)heisn’thererightnow.A)Introducedbythat42Note:1.that的省略：that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that本身无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中或非正式文体中常常可被省略。e.g.Iguess(that)somebodyelsehasborrowedit.I’mafraid(that)you’llhavetowait.2.宾语从句的否定转移：主句是I/Wethink/suppose/guess/believe等时，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中。如：我认为鸡不会游泳。误：Ithinkchickenscannotswim.正：Idon’tthinkchickenscanswim.此外，上述情况在变成反意疑问句时，附加疑问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加疑问句要看主句。试比较：

Ithinkheiswrong,isn’the?Hethinksheisright,doesn’the?Note:43e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.

（地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesunBacke.g.hewillbebackinanho44BackC)Introducedbyrelativepronounsandadverbs（连接代词和连接副词）一、构成：

1.1.宾语从句可由连接代词what,who,whom,which等引导，它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等，因此不能省略。

Doyouknowwho

willcomethisafternoon?(作主语)Didyouhearwhat

hesaid?（作宾语）

Idon’tknowwhosethatis.（作表语）

Couldyoutellmewhichgatewehavetogoto?（作gate的定语）

2.宾语从句可由连接副词when,where,how,why等引导，它们在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。

Wedidn’tknowwhen

shewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Nooneknowswhysheislateagain.BackC)Introducedbyrelative45由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词

when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Heasked__________________________________.

（谁的书法是班上最好的）※5.Doyouknow_______________.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）6.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我们什么时候开会）7.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪儿）8.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我该怎么去车站）9.Wouldyoutellme_________________（为什么火车迟到了）

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclassWhichissmaller,theearthorthemoon?Whenwewillhavethemeeting

wherehishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislateBack由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,46BackB)Introducedbyif/whetherif/whether都可作宾语从句的引导词，意为“是否”，在一般情况下可以互换。if多用于口语和非正式文体中，whether则多用于比较正式的文体中。如：e.g.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelpherwithherEnglish.Idon’tknowif/whetheritisgoingtorain.BackB)Introducedbyif/whethe47BackNote:只用whether的五种情况：1.在介词后I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.2.与ornot连用时Idon’tknowwhethertheywillcometohelpusornot.3.在动词discuss或者其他介词后面的宾语从句中Wediscussedwhetherwewouldhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.4.宾语从句提前时只能用whetherWhetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.5.whether后可以接动词不定式Wedon’tknowwhethertogotheretomorrow.BackNote:只用whether的五种情况：48由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Iwanttoknow__________________________________.

（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotBack由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句e.g.49直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.

HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.

直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e50直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句e.g.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if(wh51直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,what,when等引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.

Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.

直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为who,w52直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。

2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.

Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.注意：Back直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系1、当主句的谓语动词是一53四、宾语从句的时态主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应。特别要注意的是当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。试比较：Hesays

thathewants

toseehimassoonaspossible.He

saidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsays

thatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.四、宾语从句的时态54二、难点：

1.避免重复出现连接代词或连接副词；

e.g.*Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.

（应去掉that）

2.从句中的语序为陈述语序；

e.g.*Doyouknowhowoldisshe?(应改为：…howoldsheis)3.从句中的时态与主句时态前后呼应。

e.g.*Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(应改为：…whenshewouldcome)

二、难点：55三、转换：

1)由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句可用疑问代词和疑问副词＋动词不定式替代，进行句型上的转换。

I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?三、转换：56三、转换：

1）find,think等动词后面的宾语从句也可以用复合宾语（即宾语+宾语补足语）来代替。Hefoundthatitwasdifficulttofallasleepbecauseofthenoiseupstairs.=Hefounditdifficulttofallasleepbecauseofthenoiseupstairs.三、转换：

1）find,think等57Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoingTheradiosaysit_________cl5810.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe59将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.将下列句子合并为一句:Iaskedwherethey607.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”

Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”T61Ⅲ.TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)

在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后，对其先行词起限定作用。

ThisisTom.Tomgaveusatalkyesterday.----ThisisTom

who(that)gaveusatalkyesterday.

先行词

定语从句

引导定语从句的关系代词有：who,whom,whose,that,which

引导定语从句的关系副词有：where,when,whyⅢ.TheAttributiveClause(定语从62

一

、who,whom,whose引导的定语从句

1.who在从句中作主语，不可省略，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人。e.g.Thisisthedoctorwho

cameheryesterday.2.whom在从句中作宾语，它所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词必须是人，可以省略。e.g.Theman(whom)

yousawlastweekhasleftthetown.一、who,whom,whose引导的定语从63注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可放在原来的位置上。在含有介词的固定动词词组中介词只能放在原来的位置上。e.g.a)

ThemanfromwhomIborrowedthebookisLiLei.=Themanwhom

IborrowedthebookfromisLiLei.(前句中的whom不可省略，后句中的whom可省略)b)

Thegirlwhomheistakingcareofisill.(takecareof是固定词组)注意：在从句中作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在whom之前，也可64

3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰的先行词既可是人也可是物。e.g.Iknowthewoman

whose

husbandisadoctor.Helivesinthehousewhose

windowfacessouth.3.whose在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，其所修饰65

二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词均指物，它们所引导的定语从句所修饰的先行词是物,通常情况下，它们可以互换。1.that,which在从句中作主语，不可省略。

e.g.Heroisthefilmthat/whichwasdirectedbyZhangYimou.2.that,which在从句中作宾语，可以省略。

e.g.Isthisthefilm(that/which)

youtalkedaboutlastweek?注意：关系代词在作介词宾语时，只能用which且不能省略。

e.g.Thehouseinwhichheoncelivedisameeting-room.=Thehouse(which)

heoncelivedinisameeting-room.二、that,which引导的定语从句这两个代词66知识拓展：引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般情况下，尽管可以互换使用，但在下列情况下，只能用that，而不用which：

1.先行词是复合不定代词everything,anything,nothing等时。

e.g.Shedidn’tforgetanything(that)

hermotherhadtoldhertobuy.2.先行词被序数词或thelast修饰时。e.g.Thisisthefirsttextbook(that)

Istudiedintheprimaryschool.Heisinthelastrowthat

isnexttothewindow.3.先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。e.g.Thatisthehighestbuilding(that)

Ihaveeverseen.知识拓展：引导定语从句的关系代词that和which，在一般674.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。e.g.Thisistheverynovel