外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习19：选择性必修1 Unit 1　Laugh out loud！(含解析)

课时质量评价(十九)选择性必修第一册Unit1Laughoutloud!A组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AHunterAdamsspentmanyyearsinaspecialhospitalforpeoplewithmentalhealthproblems,andhewasunhappy.Whenhelefthospital,hewenttoMedicalSchoolinVirginia,theUSA,wherehedidthingsina1.________(difference)way.Forexample,whenhevisitedhispatients,heworeshirtswith2.________(flower)ontheminanefforttomakethemlaugh.Hespentalotoftimewithchildreninthehospital,puttingaspecialrednoseonhisfacetolook3.________aclown(小丑)．Adamsbelievedthatpeopleinhospitalneedmorethanmedicine,trying4.________(help)themnotonlyaspatients,5.________alsoaspeople.Whenhefinishedmedicalschool,heopenedhisownhospitalcalled“TheGesundheitInstitute”.Hewanted6.________tobeaplacewithaspecialwayof7.________(communicate)withsickpeople.In1998,UniversalPictures8.________(produce)afilmaboutHunterAdams.Itwasverysuccessful.Inthefilm,RobinWilliamsplayedAdams.Williamssaid,“Hunterisa9.________(true)warmperson,believingthatpatientsneedadoctor10.【语篇解读】当亨特·亚当斯还是医学院学生的时候，他就决心为治疗精神病而献身。他决定从病人的感情和精神上着手治疗，他试图了解每一个病人的内心，有时还扮出种种滑稽相使病人放松。1.different考查词性转换。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词，表示“不同的”，故填different。2.flowers考查名词的单复数。flower为可数名词，此处表泛指，指不止一朵鲜花，应用复数，故填flowers。3.like考查固定搭配。looklike为固定搭配，意为“看起来像”，故填like。4.tohelp考查固定搭配。trytodosth.为固定搭配，意为“尽力做某事”，故填tohelp。5.but考查固定句式。notonly...butalso...为固定句式，意为“不但……而且……”，故填but。6.it考查代词。设空处指代TheGesundheitInstitute，为同一物，故填municating考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填duced考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“In1998”可知，设空处应用动词过去式，故填produced。9.truly考查词性转换。设空处修饰形容词warm，应用副词，故填truly。10.who/that考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为adoctor，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who/that。BClassicalChinesegardendesignaimstocreateanaturallandscapeonasmallscaleandemphasisetheperfectharmonybetweenmanandnature.AChinesegarden1.________(be)likeascroll(卷轴)painting,2.________(show)aseriesofcarefullycomposedscenes.Newviewsarerevealedasonewalksalongthepathways.Inthegardens,3.________mostfrequentlymeettheeyearewindingpathsthatseeminglyleadtonowhere.There,apathseemstoend,butallof4.________sudden,anewworldisrolledoutbeforeyou：pavilions(亭子),rockformationsandspringwater—allcombinedtoprovideapleasantsurprise!Atthe5.________(enter)toaChinesegarden,thereisusuallyahugestoneorwall6.________(use)toscreenyourviewsoastolaterproduceunimaginabledelightwhenyouturnaroundthewall.AChinesegardenmayhavewindowsonall7.________(it)fourwalls.Anditis8.________(interest)that,throughthewindows，visitorsmayseedifferentviewsfromdifferentangles,andthusthecompositionofthegardenbecomesenlarged.AChinesegardenisaplacewherecultureisbothcreatedandenjoyed.Allplantsmarktheshiftof9.________(season).Similarly,water,asymboloftheever­changing,10.________rocks,asymboloftheeternal(永恒的),createaharmoniousbalanceofnature'syinandyang.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。中国古典园林设计的目的是创造一个小规模的自然景观，强调人与自然的完美和谐。1.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语为AChinesegarden，谓语动词应用单数形式，又因为整篇文章采用一般现在时，故填is。2.showing考查非谓语动词。show和句子的谓语动词之间没有连词连接，且和句子的主语AChinesegarden构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。3.what考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语，表示物的概念，故应填what。4.a考查固定用法。allofasudden相当于suddenly，意为“突然”，为固定用法，故用不定冠词a。5.entrance/entry考查词性转换。由空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词形式，表示“入口”，故用entrance/entry。6.used考查非谓语动词。use和句子的谓语is之间没有连词连接，故用非谓语，又因跟其逻辑主语ahugestoneorwall之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7.its考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处在此处作定语，修饰名词walls，故用形容词性物主代词eresting考查形容词。此处是固定句型：itis＋形容词＋that...，it作形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。故此处应用interest的形容词形式interesting。9.seasons考查名词的单复数。season是可数名词，且其前没有限定词，表示泛指，故用其复数形式。10.and考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后为逻辑上的并列关系，故用连词and。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.我昨晚花了20分钟写这篇作文。(spend)Ispenttwentyminuteswritingthecompositionlastnight.2.很明显，我们需要更多的实践。(Itis＋adj.＋that...)Itisobvious/clearthatweneedmorepractice.3.当他心情不好时，他喜欢独自坐着。(ina/an...mood)Whenheisinabadmood,helikestositalone.4.我们过去就是常常在这家餐馆聚餐的。(强调句型)Itwasinthisrestaurantthatweusedtohaveaparty.5.他们将于今天下午去拜访他们的老师。(betodosth.)Theyaretopayavisittotheirteacherthisafternoon.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解AAculture'svaluescanbemirroredbyitshumour.HumourhasbeenevaluatedbymanygreatmindssuchasThomasHobbes,who,in“OnNature”，dislikedhumour,“Laughterisnothingelsebutsuddengloryarisingfromsuddenthoughtoffeelingfarbetterthanothers.”Hethoughthumourtobeanegativequalityofhumannarrow­mindedness.However,MordechaiGordon,PhDofEducation,insists,“Humourallowsustoviewtheworldfromananglethatisamusingratherthanserious.”IagreewithGordon.Learningtolookattheworldthroughhumourisimportant.IntheUnitedStates,everyfouryearsanelectionoccurs.Withouthumourasawaytoexpresstheirfeelings,howelsewouldAmericanskeepfromclawingtheireyesoutandgoingthewayoflemming?TelevisionshowslikeTheDailyShowhavebecomeimportantpartsofAmericanculture.Theyaremotheringthemassesbymetaphorically(隐喻地)airplaningpoliticsintoourmouths.Theymakepoliticsfun.Ofcourse,politicsisonlyonetypeofhumour.Socialhumourhelpspeoplethroughthetwistsandturnsofthehumancondition.Americanpopculturepromotesanunhealthyself­image.Onthetopicofself­image,HariKondabolustandsout.Hehasajokeaboutthepopularmusicalgroup“ThePussycatDolls”，describingtheirhitsongDon'tChaasanegativerepresentationofwomen.HepointsoutanobviousoffenceinAmericanculture.AstudyfromLoyolaUniversityofMarylandhasshownthathumourisonedeterminingfactorforselectingamatingpartner.Amongotherthings,mateslookforanoutstandingfunnyboneinapotentialpartner.Ofcourse,humourisnotalwaysusedforgoodpurposes.Humourcanbelinkedtovulgarity(粗俗)andracism,but,likeeverythingelse,ithaspotentialtounitehumanbeingsbyallowingustolaughatourselves,ourfailuresandourconnectionwithoneanother.Thoughlifemayseemtoughanddepressingattimes,allIhavetodoistolookinthemirroratmyincreasedwrinkles(皱纹)toknowthatthereisacomedyouttherethatevenChaplinwasn'tawareof.Withthatinmind,remembertolaughwithhumanityandsometimesathumanity.1.Hobbesbelievedthathumour________．A.wasonlyawaytolaughatotherstomakeoneselffeelbetterB.resultedinnarrow­mindednessofhumanbeingsC.hadthepowertomirrorpersonalgloryandnationalvaluesD.wasforpeopletoviewtheworldfromanotherangle2.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardspoliticalhumour?A.Worried.B.Disappointed.C.Curious.D.Appreciative.3.Thefourthparagraphisdevelopedmainlyby________．A.exampleB.processC.comparisonD.classification4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Chaplinwasn'tawareofbeinglaughedat.B.Theauthorfeelshelplessandsadaboutgettingolder.C.Neverbetheonewholaughsatotherpeople.D.Theauthorisdeterminedtofacelifewithasenseofhumour.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论证了幽默感对我们人生的重要性，包括政治上、社交上以及生活上等。另外，幽默感也是我们寻找伴侣的重要指标，无论生活多艰难，我们都要用幽默相待。1.A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...ThomasHobbes,who,in‘OnNature’，dislikedhumour,‘Laughterisnothingelsebutsuddengloryarisingfromsuddenthoughtoffeelingfarbetterthanothers.’”可知，Hobbes认为幽默只是让自己比别人感觉良好的一种方式。故选A。2.D观点态度题。根据第三段内容可知，作者对政治性幽默的态度是赞成的。故选D。3.A推理判断题。本段首先提出主题“Socialhumourhelpspeoplethroughthetwistsandturnsofthehumancondition.Americanpopculturepromotesanunhealthyself­image.”然后用HariKondabolu的例子说明这一主题。故选A。4.D推理判断题。最后两段主要讲述了作者决心用幽默和微笑去面对生活中的不如意。故选D。BTheideathatyoucanusehumour,laughter,andplaytomakeyouhealthierprobablyseemstoosimpletobetrue.However,itisreallytrueandsimple.Thesenseofhumour,laughterandplayplaysanimportantpartinkeepingyouhealthy.Treattheblueswithasenseofhumour,whichiscloselytiedtolaughter.Laughterisinfectious.Haveyoueverheardabiglaughofayoungchildandbeenabletokeepyourselffromsmiling?Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople,itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness.Smilingisthebeginningoflaughterandasmileisalsojustasinfectiousaslaughteris.Youcanexperiencesomethingbysmilingateveryonearoundyou,andyouwillfeelhappierjustbysharingasmile,evenwithastranger.Playisanimportantpartofmakingsurethatwestayhealthy.Weareoftenencouragedtomakesureourchildrenplay,andaretoldofthebenefitsofbeingoutplaying.However,whatweoftenforgetisthatitisjustasimportantforoldpeopletomakeplaybepartoftheirlifeasit'sforchildren.Physicalplayisimportantfortheoldanditcertainlyhelpspreventillness.Whilethestudiesarestillintheearlystages,thestudiesthathavebeendonehaveshownthatphysicalplaycertainlyplaysapartinpreventingcognitive(认知的)falling.Anyway,addinghumour,laughter,andplaytoourlifewillinfluenceusmentally,physicallyandsociallyandbringusmanyadvantages.Soweshouldmakefulluseofhumour,laughterandplaytomakeourlifemoreactive,moreinterestingandhappier.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“infectious”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Playinganimportantrole.B.Keepingpeopleinhighspirits.C.Quicklyinfluencingotherpeople.D.Preventingillnessfromspreading.6.Whatcanlaughterincreaseaccordingtotheauthor?A.Cognitiveability.B.Goodrelationships.C.Asenseofhumour.D.Happinessandtrust.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinktheoldshoulddo?A.Theyshouldhaveagoodrest.B.Theyshouldplaylikechildren.C.Theyshouldpreventcognitivefalling.D.Theyshouldtakepartinphysicalplay.8.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Humour,LaughterandPlayforHealthB.AlwaysKeepOurBodyHealthyC.HaveanActiveandHappyLifeD.LetOurBodyandMindRelax【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默、欢笑和玩耍给人们的健康带来的好处。5.C词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople,itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness.”可知，当人们分享笑容时，人们的关系更亲密，人们也会感到更加快乐。故infectious在此处的意思是“迅速影响其他人”。6.B推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whenlaughterissharedbetweenpeople,itmakesthemclosertoeachotherandincreasestheirhappiness...andyouwillfeelhappierjustbysharingasmile,evenwithastranger.”可知，在作者看来欢笑能使人们之间的关系更亲密。7.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However,whatweoftenforgetisthatitisjustasimportantforoldpeopletomakeplaybepartoftheirlifeasit'sforchildren.Physicalplayisimportantfortheoldanditcertainlyhelpspreventillness.”可知，作者认为老年人应该参与身体活动。8.A标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容可知，这篇文章的主旨是幽默、欢笑和玩耍有利于健康。Ⅱ.完形填空Onceafineblacksmith(铁匠)namedWalukagawasbroughttotheking.Severalservantsappearedwithsomeiron.“Youmustchangethismetalintoaman，”saidtheking.“Notjusta1，butalivingmanwhocanwalkandtalk.”Everyoneknewifanyonefailedto2anorder,hewouldbeputtodeath.SopoorWalukagasatwithhisheadinhishandsallday,wonderinghowtodealwithhis3.Manypeoplemadesuggestions,butnonewould4atall.Oneevening,walkingthrougha5area,hediscoveredaboyhoodfriendwhohadbecomemadandlivedalone.Walukagahadnothingelsetodo,sohedecidedtohumourhisoldfriendandtelltheking's6tohim.Tohissurprise,thefellowlistenedtotheendwithout7.“Iknowwhattodo，”saidthemadmanimmediately.“Tellthekingthattomaketheman,youmusthaveonehundredpotsoftearsofhispeople,8onlytearsmaykeepyourfire9attherighttemperature.”Onhearingsuchgoodadvice,theblacksmith10totheking'spalace.Afterheexplainedwhathemusthavethekingwasquite11.Buttryasthepeoplemight,itwasimpossibleto12enoughtears.Finallythekingsaid,“Youhaveaskedsomethingimpossible.Mypeoplecanneverfillonehundredwaterpotswithtears.Itherefore13youfromyourtask.”Theneveryonerealisedhow14Walukagahadgottenoutofhisfix.Butheneverforgotitwashisfriend'sadvicethathadsavedhim,andhesawtoitthatthemadmanneverwent15totheendofhisdays.1.A.picture B.statue C.fancy D.doll2.A.putup B.workout C.giveup D.carryout3.A.dilemma B.routine C.terror D.trial4.A.respond B.serve C.survive D.do5.A.frozen B.contented C.deserted D.preserved6.A.information B.message C.demand D.offer7.A.inte