【国外】阿联酋阿布扎比城市街道设计文本及规范

Abu

DhabiUrbanStreet

Design

ManualTable

of

ContentsAbu

DhabiUrbanStreet

DesignManualChapter1

-

FoundationChapter4

-

Design

ProcessIntroductionManualIntentManualJurisdictionKey

DesignPrinciplesManualGoals4.14.2IntroductionPhaseI:Gather

&

Present

InformationPhaseII:Develop

Conceptual

DesignPhaseIII:Evaluate&

Review

DesignPhaseIV:

Finalize

DesignDesign

Flexibility

forFixed

Right-of-Way

DimensionsExceptionsIntegration

withtheApprovals

ProcessDesignFlexibilityChapter2

-

Manual

Approach2.42.5IntroductionChapter5

-

Street

Design

ElementsConventionalApproachEmergingPracticesEmirate

ApproachApplyingtheManual5.105.11IntroductionStreet

CompositionStandard

Cross

SectionsFlexible

Dimensions

forRestricted

Right-of-WayAdditional

Street

TypesDesigning

forPedestriansDesigning

forTransit

UsersDesigning

forBicyclistsDesigning

forMotorVehiclesJunctionDesignChapter3

-

Design

Priorities

&

Parameters3.43.5IntroductionCulturalInspirationClimate&GeographyDesignConsiderationsDesignMethodsTraffic

CalmingPageiAbu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualPageiiAbu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter6

-

Streetscape

DesignChapter9

-

Evaluation

&

UpdatesIntroductionUniversal

Design

GuidelinesSurface

MaterialsCohesive

Design

withAdjacent

BuildingFrontageShade&

Climate

AttenuationLandscaping

&

Water

UseLightingStreetscape

FurnishingsSigning&

Wayfinding9.4IntroductionReview

CommitteeUpdating

theManualSuggestions&

RequestsChapter10

-

DefinitionsChapter11

-

ReferencesChapter7

-

Sample

ProjectsAppendix

A

-

Performance

MeasuresAppendix

B

-

Toolbox

of

Connectivity

MeasuresAppendix

C

-

Example

Street

ConfigurationsAppendix

D

-

Recommended

Lighting

LevelsAppendix

E

-

Signing

&

Wayfinding

GuidelinesAcknowledgementsIntroductionWathba

DevelopmentPhaseI:Gather

&

Present

InformationPhaseII:Develop

Conceptual

DesignPhaseIII:Evaluate&

Review

DesignPhaseIV:

Finalize

Design7.7Design

FlexibilityChapter8

-

Maintenance

&

Management8.78.8IntroductionSandBuildupTraffic

SignsSurface

Water

DrainageUtilityProvider

ResponsibilitiesTrees&

PlantingsStreet

FurnitureSurface

TreatmentPageiiiAbu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualPageivChapter

1

-

Foundation1.1

Introduction1.2

ManualIntent1.3

ManualJurisdiction1.4

Key

DesignPrinciples1.5

ManualGoals1.6

DesignFlexibilityAbu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

1-Foundation1.1

Introduction1.2

Manual

IntentCentralBusinessDistrictThe

Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

Manual

has

beencommissioned

by

the

Abu

Dhabi

Urban

PlanningCouncil

(UPC)

to

address

the

needs

of

the

growingpopulation

and

a

desire

to

improve

pedestrianfacilities

to

create

more

walkable

communities.

ThisManual

has

been

developed

to

address

the

followingneeds:The

Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Planning

Council

(UPC)

andthe

Department

of

Transport

(DOT),

in

conjunctionwiththe

municipalities

of

Abu

Dhabi,

Al

Ain,

and

AlGharbia,

as

well

as

the

Abu

Dhabi

Police

(ADP),

havedeveloped

the

Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

Manualas

a

tool

for

the

continuing

implementation

of

the2030

Plans

for

all

three

municipalities

making

up

theemirate

of

Abu

Dhabi.

It

is

part

of

the

DOT’s

mandateto

deliver

an

effective,

multi-modal

transportsystem

that

contributes

to

the

quality

of

life

andsustainability

of

the

Emirate.PAbu

DhabiInternationalAirportPPCapitalCity(future)•

To

accommodate

existing

driver

behavior

whichis

unique

to

the

Emirate

of

Abu

Dhabi

due

to

thediverse

population.PPAbu

Dhabi2030Transportation

Framework•

To

design

streets

that

create

a

safe

environmentfor

all

users,

recognizing

varying

levels

of

drivereducation

and

cultural

differences.This

Manual

is

part

of

the

UPC’s

developmentregulations

and

is

approved

by

the

Executive

Councilfor

use

in

all

urban

streets

in

the

Emirate,

as

definedby

this

Manual

or

otherwise

by

the

UPC.

This

Manualconstitutes

one

of

many

related

design

initiatives

inthe

Emirate.

It

shall

be

used

in

conjunctionwith

otheradopted

standards

and

guidelines

as

applicable.

Thestreet

design

process

integrates

the

needs

of

differentagencies,

includingthe

Department

of

MunicipalAffairs

(DMA),

UPC,

DOT,

ADP,

and

Civil

Defense,and

shall

be

undertaken

by

multipleprofessionals,includingurban

planners

and

designers,

trafficengineers,

civil

engineers,

and

landscape

architects.•

To

act

as

a

tool

for

the

transition

of

Abu

Dhabifrom

a

vehicle

trip

based

society

toa

multi-modalsociety

and

supporting

the

Abu

Dhabi

Departmentof

Transport’s

longterm

public

transport

plan.•

To

introduce

fine-grained

street

networks

thatallow

greater

route

choice

for

pedestrians

andimprove

the

capacityand

efficiency

of

theEmirate’s

urban

streets.AlAin

2030LandUseFrameworkThe

Manual

introduces

to

Abu

Dhabi

the

conceptof

the

pedestrian

realm

as

an

integral

part

of

theoverall

street

composition

and

shows

howthis

andthe

traveled

way

are

combined

to

provide

an

overallbalanced

street

network

for

all

modes

of

transport.DelmaThe

Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

Manual

will

beupdated

regularly

as

newdata

and

experience

withbest

practices

become

available.

Please

check

theUPC

and

DOT

websites

for

the

latest

version

beforeusing

this

Manual.Sila’aRuwaisMirfaMadinatZayedGhayathiAl

GharbiaThe

Manual

shall

be

used

by

all

agencies

in

thedesign

and

approval

of

all

urban

street

and

networkdesigns

in

the

Emirate

of

Abu

Dhabi,

and

shall

takeprecedence

over

existing

design

manuals.LiwaAlGharbia2030Settlement

AreasChapter

1Page2Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

1-Foundation1.3

Manual

Jurisdiction1.4.1

The

Best

Transport

Plan

Is

a

Good

LandUse

Plan1.4.4

Street

Connectivity

Enhances

Capacityand

Allows

Smooth

Traffic

FlowFor

the

purpose

of

this

Manual,

urban

streets

areall

streets

withinthe

existing

and

planned

urbanareas

of

the

Emirate,

except

for

rural

roads

andurban

freeways

(as

shownin

the

Abu

Dhabi

SurfaceTransport

Master

Plan).

Urban

areas

are

definedinthe

maps

contained

in

the

Plan

Abu

Dhabi

2030,

PlanAl

Ain

2030,

and

Plan

Al

Gharbia

2030

plans.

Referto

separate

DOT

guidelines

for

the

design

of

ruralroads

and

urban

freeways.

Where

ambiguity

arisesregarding

the

jurisdictionof

a

particular

street,

consultwiththe

UPC.Streets

are

not

just

for

movement,

but

for

supportingthe

land

uses

along

them,

includingspacefor

caféseating,

social

exchange,

children

playing,

and

publicplazas.

Streets

are

for

the

enjoymentof

residents

andvisitors

and

the

economic

success

of

businesses

alongthem.By

creating

a

network

of

many

connected

streets,wide

streets

can

be

avoided

and

vehicle

flowcan

beimproved

while

simultaneously

increasing

pedestriancomfort

and

safety.

A

connected

street

networkreduces

the

amount

of

vehicle

kilometers

traveledby

providing

direct

linkages.

When

coupled

withan

effective

multi-modal

transport

system,

it

candecrease

congestion

and

idlingrates

atjunctions

andimprove

overall

capacity.1.4.2

Good

Street

Design

Starts

withPedestriansThe

world’s

great

citiesare

delightful

and

safe

forwalking,

resulting

notonlyin

reduced

rates

of

driving,but

alsoimproved

public

health.

Streets

throughoutthe

Emirate

will

be

designed

to

emphasize

family,hospitality,

inclusiveness,

and

pedestrian

accessto

neighborhood

facilities,

includingmosques

andschools.

Shading

and

coolingmethods

will

bedeveloped

to

ensure

comfort.

Streets

shall

also

feelsecure

for

all

users,

includingwomen

and

children,

atall

times

of

day

and

night.1.4.5

Street

Design

Reflects

Plan

2030

Goalsfor

Abu

Dhabi

Emirate1.4

Key

Design

PrinciplesThe

Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

Manual

reinforcesthe

Abu

Dhabi

vision

established

by

the

2030

Plansforthree

municipalities:

Abu

Dhabi

City,

Al

Ain,

and

AlGharbia.

The

guidingprinciples

of

these

documentsrequire

the

conservation

and

protection

of

the

naturalenvironment,

conscious

and

deliberate

design

of

thepublic

realm,

especiallystreets,

and

a

proper

land

useprogram

that

enhances

and

reinforces

Abu

Dhabi’sunique

cultural

identity.The

standards

and

guidelines

inthis

Manual

are

basedupon

the

following

key

design

principles:•

The

best

transport

plan

is

a

good

land

use

plan.•

Good

street

design

starts

with

pedestrians.•

A

well

designed

street

network

provides

safety

forall

modes

of

transport.1.4.3

A

Well

Designed

Street

Network

ProvidesSafety

for

All

Modes

of

Transport•

Street

connectivity

enhances

capacityand

allows1.4.6

Street

Design

Supports

EstidamaPrinciplessmooth

traffic

flow.The

design

process

inthis

Manual

creates

safe,comfortable,

and

aesthetic

street

environments

thatprovide

a

genuine

choice

of

movement.

All

streetsshould

be

designed

to

accommodate

pedestrians,cyclists,

transitriders,

and

motorists

sothat

all

modesoffer

an

attractive

choice.

Safety

is

achieved

throughspeed

management

and

enforcement.

Application

ofUniversal

Design

principles

(see

6.2)

alsoensures

safeand

easy

access

to

enhance

the

social

functionofstreets

as

public

spaces.•

Street

design

reflects

Plan

2030

goals

for

AbuBy

designing

streets

to

accommodate

all

modes

oftransport,

using

landscaping

and

associated

irrigationthoughtfully,

and

enhancing

pedestrian

comfort,asignificant

reduction

to

Abu

Dhabi’s

carbon

emissions,urban

heat

gain

effect,

and

water

consumption

can

bemade.Dhabi

Emirate.•

Street

design

supports

Estidama

principles.The

street

design

process

withinthe

Manual

balancesall

of

the

above

principles

through

integrated

designand

multiple,

quantitative

measures

of

success.Designers,

urban

planners,

civil

and

traffic

engineers,and

others

will

work

together

to

enhance

the

qualityof

streets

throughout

the

Emirate.Chapter

1Page3Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

1-Foundation1.5

Manual

GoalsThe

goal

of

this

Manual

is

to

change

the

prioritiesofstreet

design

from

the

current

focus

on

motor

vehicletraffic

to

an

integrated

process

that

accounts

for

theneeds

of

pedestrians,

transitriders,

and

bicyclistsas

well

as

motorists.

This

integrated

approach

willaddress

the

following

key

areas.1.5.1

Land

Use

ContextThe

street

design

process

will

closelyrespond

to

theland

use

context

and

accommodate

the

particularneeds

of

individual

places

and

neighborhoods.Provide

welldesignedpublicseatingareas.•

The

Manual

will

accommodate

all

modes

oftransport

according

to

the

land

use

context.•

The

land

use

context

dictates

the

types

ofactivities

taking

place

along

a

street

and

willstrongly

influence

the

pedestrian

realm

design.1.5.2

SafetyAbu

Dhabi’s

streets

will

be

safe

for

all

users

atalltimes

of

the

day,

especially

for

pedestrians,

andwith

a

particular

emphasis

on

children,

older

adults,and

people

with

impaired

mobility.

Safety

will

beachieved

in

the

following

ways:Provide

acontinuouspedestriannetworkandadequateaccommodationto

ensurepedestriansafety.•

The

reduction

in

total

crashes,

injuries,

andfatalities

by

targeting

speed,

network

design,

andprioritizationof

vulnerable

users.•

Application

of

this

Manual,

educational

campaignsfor

all

users,

monitoring

and

effective

enforcementof

existing

laws,

and

the

introduction

ofstrengthened

laws

and

regulations.Provide

undisruptedpedestrianpathways.Chapter

1Page4Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

1-Foundation1.5.3

Efficiency1.5.5

Public

Health1.5.8

Culture

&

ImageAbu

Dhabi’s

streets

will

be

designed

for

the

efficientmovementof

all

modes

of

transport.Abu

Dhabi’s

streets

will

be

designed

to

accommodatewalking

and

bicycling

year

round

for

most

residents.Streets

will

define

the

image

of

Abu

Dhabi

as

agracious,

Arab,

world

class

Emirate

through

attentionto

detail

and

imageability,

from

its

quiet

residentialstreets

to

its

grand

ceremonial

boulevards.•

There

will

be

an

increase

in

person

capacityoftransport

networks

through

investment

in

transit,bicycling,

and

walking.•

Good

street

design

will

lead

to

an

increase

in

ratesof

walking

and

bicycling.•Design

will

emphasize

privacy

and

security

forwomen

and

the

creation

of

family-orientedneighborhoods.•

Good

street

design

and

improved

public

health

willlead

toa

decrease

inobesity,

heart

disease,

anddiabetes.•

There

will

be

an

increase

inconnectivity

betweensuperblocksin

order

to

provide

shorter

drivingdistances

and

a

reduction

incongestion

atjunctions.•The

public

realm

will

preserve

and

express

localtraditions.1.5.6

Public

EnjoymentAbu

Dhabi’s

streets

will

be

a

pleasure

for

all

users,particularlypedestrians.1.5.4

Sustainability•

Street

infrastructure

will

be

maintained

to

thehighest

international

standards,

consistentwiththe

image

of

a

modern,

highamenity

Arab

city.Abu

Dhabi’s

streets

will

contribute

toward

meetingEstidama

principles,

as

well

as

achieving

thrivingnatural/environmental,

economic,

and

social

systems.•

Good

street

design

will

lead

to

an

increase

intourism.•

The

Emirate’s

image

will

be

welcoming

and•

Good

street

design

will

lead

to

an

increase

in

ratesof

non-utilitarianwalking

to

levels

comparablewith

other

urban

destinations

around

the

world.multicultural.•

There

will

be

an

increase

in

rates

of

walking,bicycling,

and

transituse

to

steadily

reduce

percapita

carbon

emissions

from

transport.1.5.7

Economic

Development

&

Tourism•

There

will

be

an

increase

in

efficiency

of

thetransport

network

through

a

decrease

invehicleidlingand

vehicle

kilometers

traveled

to

reduceAbu

Dhabi’s

carbon

footprint

and

protect

naturalresources.Abu

Dhabi’s

streets

will

enhance

the

value

of

allproperties

along

them

and

will

support

the

Emirate’slong-range

developmentstrategies.•

Good

street

design

will

support

an

increase

in•

There

will

be

a

reductionin

irrigation

requirementsandin

the

use

of

groundwater

and

desalinatedwater

along

streets

until

onlytreated

wastewaterand

other

sustainable

sources

are

perty

values

and

retail

success.•

Good

street

design

will

support

economicdevelopment.

High

quality

provisions

for

all

modeswill

attract

investment

and

tourism.•

There

will

be

provision

of

shadein

the

publicrealm

to

reduce

ambient

temperatures.Thedesignofthepublicrealm

shouldrespect

localcultureandtraditions.Chapter

1Page5Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

1-Foundation1.6

Design

FlexibilityStandards

vs.GuidelinesThis

Manual

provides

a

combination

of

standardsand

guidelines

that

allows

for

flexible

and

innovativestreet

design.

Standards

are

required

and

eithermandate

or

prohibit

specific

practices,

whileguidelines

are

more

flexible.Design

guidelines

that

are

presentedthroughout

this

Manual

are

the

preferreddesign

approaches

for

streets

intheAbu

Dhabi

Emirate.

However,

somedesign

provisions

are

mandatory,

someare

strongly

encouraged,

and

someareoptional.

Look

for

these

language

usagestounderstandthe

degree

of

flexibilityindesign:In

all

cases,

the

Manual

must

be

applied

inconjunctionwith

supporting

documents

from

theUPC,

DOT,

DMA,

and

other

agencies.

Where

thestandard

design

process

is

insufficient,

an

exceptionsprocess

is

provided

for

approval

by

an

approvingagency.

Chapter

4

of

the

Manual

provides

therequirementsfor

the

design

process.Priorityto

pedestrians

forawalkablecommunity.•Standard:

Look

for

the

words

“shall”

or“shall

not,”

and

“must”

or

“must

not.”Alsolook

for

the

words

“is

required”

or“are

required.”•

Guideline:

Look

for

the

words“should”

or

“should

not.”

Thewords

“preferred,”

“encouraged,”

or“recommended”

may

also

be

used.•

Optional:

Prescribed

options

oroptional

treatments

use

the

words“may”

or

“may

not.”Good

street

design

is

vital

to

the

safety

and

qualityof

life

for

all

residents

of

the

Abu

Dhabi

Emirate.Chapter

1Page6Chapter

2

-

Manual

Approach2.1

Introduction2.2

ConventionalApproach2.3

EmergingPractices2.4

Emirate

Approach2.5

ApplyingtheManualAbu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

2-

ManualApproach2.1

Introduction2.3

Emerging

PracticesDrawing

from

current

best

practices

in

the

UnitedStates,

Canada,

United

Kingdom,

Germany,

Australia,and

other

European

and

Asian

countries,

this

Manualis

a

significant

departure

from

previous

street

designpractices

in

the

Emirate.

Previous

design

guidancein

Abu

Dhabi

was

influenced

by

documents

such

asthe

US

Association

of

State

Highway

TransportationOfficials’

Policy

on

Geometric

Design

of

Highwaysand

Streets,

which

remains

a

useful

document

forrural

highways,

but

is

inappropriate

for

urban

streetswhere

modes

of

transport

other

thanthe

automobileare

present.Context

Sensitive

Solutions

(CSS)

indesigning

streetsis

an

interdisciplinary

approach

thatinvolves

balancingall

stakeholders

to

design

a

transport

facilitythatfits

its

applicable

setting

and

preserves

scenic,aesthetic,

historic,

and

environmental

resources

whilemaintaining

safety

and

mobility.

It

alsooffers

flexibledesign

guidelines

and

standards

to

design

streetsthat

are

safe

for

all

users,

regardless

of

their

mode

oftravel.PROPORTIONOFSERVICEMobilityArterialsCSS-inspired

design

uses

a

collaborative

approachthat

includes

all

stakeholders

to

balance

needsbetween

vehicular

and

pedestrian

levels

of

service,environmental

considerations,

historic

preservation,economic

development,

and

similar

communityobjectives.The

mobility

functions

of

urban

streets

in

the

Emirateof

Abu

Dhabi

must

be

balanced

withthe

streets’

rolesin

creating

economically

vibrantcommercial

areas,livable

neighborhoods,

safe

and

healthy

citizens,

anda

sustainable

ecology.CollectorsLocalsStreets

in

the

Emirate

of

Abu

Dhabi

serve

manyfunctions,

and

street

classifications

must

reflectmore

thanthe

simple

balance

between

automobilemovementand

access.

Abu

Dhabi’s

urban

streetdesign

starts

not

with

automobile

throughput,

butwiththe

pedestrian,

making

walkabilityand

livabilityof

foremost

importance.

Moreover,

many

streets

inAbu

Dhabi

must

accommodate

both

a

highdegreeof

automobile

movementand

a

highdegree

ofaccessibility.2.2

Conventional

ApproachLandAccessIn

automobile-oriented

cities,

streettypologies

aretypicallydefined

by

traffic

priority–

the

degreeto

which

streets

emphasize

through

movement

forvehicles.

This

is

known

as

“functional

classification.”Inthis

conventional

approach,

streets

withthepurpose

of

accommodating

a

highlevel

of

throughmovement

are

“arterials,”

whereas

streets

thatprimarilyprovide

access

are

“locals,”

and

those

inbetween

are

“collectors”

(see

Figure

2.1).Figure

2.1

Conventional

Approach

No

LongerUsedin

the

Emirate

of

Abu

DhabiChapter

2Page2Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

2-

ManualApproach2.4

Emirate

Approach2.4.1

Changing

Land

Use

ContextAs

the

street

progresses,

it

changes

in

nature

andperforms

different

functions

for

all

the

existing

modesof

transport

-

pedestrians,

bicyclists,

and

motorvehicles

-

in

the

different

urban

settings.The

land

use

context

will,

in

many

cases,

changealong

the

same

street.

This

change

needs

to

bereflected

in

the

design

of

the

street

asit

adapts

tomeet

the

needs

of

its

surroundings.

More

intensiveland

uses

may

require

greater

provisions

for

transit,wider

sidewalks,

greater

network

connectivity,

andinsome

cases,

more

travel

lanes.In

order

to

provide

a

highquality

urban

streetenvironment

two

basic

influencing

factors

need

to

beconsidered

and

balanced.

These

factors

are:•

Land

use

context•

Transport

capacityKhaleej

Al

Arabi

in

Abu

Dhabi

Cityalsoprovides

anexample

of

a

street

passing

through

a

variety

of

landuses

and

changes

indensity.

Figure

2.3illustratesthis

change

as

Khaleej

Al

Arabi

moves

from

apredominantly

residential

neighborhood

near

Al

SaadaStreet,

through

a

mix

of

community

facilities

andpark

space,

to

finallymeet

the

Corniche

road

with

itssurrounding

highdensity

mixed

land

use.Only

when

both

of

these

factors

are

given

appropriateconsideration

can

a

truly

urban

street

design

beachieved.

It

is

with

this

fundamental

approach

thatthe

design

concepts

contained

withinthis

Manualhave

been

developed.Liwa

Road

in

MadinatZayed,

Al

Gharbia,

providesan

example

of

a

single

street

that

passes

througha

series

of

differentland

use

contexts

(Figure

2.2).Figure

2.2

Liwa

Road

in

Madinat

ZayedFigure

2.3

Khaleej

Al

Arabi

Land

Use

ContextChapter

2Page3Abu

Dhabi

Urban

Street

Design

ManualChapter

2-

ManualApproach2.4.2

Street

TypologyStreet

family

names

are:use

area

as

a

CityBoulevard.

A

medium

capacitystreetin

an

industrial

area

becomes

an

Industrial

Avenue.Dimensions

for

each

of

these

street

types,

includingsample

cross

sections,are

found

in

Chapter

5.•Boulevard:

a

highvehiclepriority3+3

street

(threelanes

in

each

direction).The

Manual

defines

streets

with

a

two

nameconvention.

The

first

name,

the

“Contextname,”

isbased

on

the

urban

land

use,

such

as

“Residential”

or“Commercial”.

The

second

name,

the

“Street

Familyname,”

refers

to

the

transport

capacityof

the

street.•

Avenue:a

mediumvehicle

priority2+2

street(two

lanes

in

each

direction).In

cases

where

there

is

a

dedicated

transitlane

onthe

street,

the

transitlane

will

not

be

counted

in

thedefinitionof

the

street

family

name.

For

example,

a2+2

street

with

one

lane

of

transitin

either

directionin

a

mixed

use

city

context

will

be

referred

to

as

aCityTransit

Avenue.•

Street:a

low

vehicle

priority1+1

street

(one

laneContext

names

are

definedin

detail

in

Chapter

5

andsummarized

below:in

each

direction).•

Access

Lane:

a

very

low

vehicle

priority1+1street

(one

lanein

each

direction).

This

couldalsobe

a

one-lane

shared

street.•

City–

Mixed

use

Central

Business

Districts(CBD)

and