(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课时作业必修三 Unit 5 Music (含解析)

PAGEUNIT5MusicA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空ATheBeatleswereanEnglishrockmusicalbandformedinLiverpoolin1960.Thefourmembers—JohnLennon,PaulMcCartney,GeorgeHarrisonandRingoStarr—wereconsidered1.________(be)thegreatestandmostinfluentialartistsinrockmusic.TheBeatlesbuilttheirfameby2.________(play)inclubsinLiverpoolandHamburgoverathree­yearperiod.Inlate1962,theyreleasedtheirfirsthitLoveMeDo,after3.________theygainedgreatpopularityintheUnitedKingdom.Byearly1964,they4.________(become)internationalpopstars,evenplayingabigpartintheUnitedStatespopmarket.From1965on,theBeatlesproduced5.________manycriticsconsiderastheirfinestmaterial,includingthe6.________(wide)influentialalbumsRubberSoul(1965),Revolver(1966),Sgt.Pepper'sLonelyHeartsClubBand(1967),TheBeatles(1968)andAbbeyRoad(1969)．Aftertheirbreak­upin1970,theyenjoyed7.________(success)musicalcareers.AlthoughLennon8.________(shoot)byacrazyfanin1980,andHarrisondied9.________cancerin2001,McCartneyandStarr,thesurvivingmembers,continuedtoremainmusicallyactive.In2004,RollingStonemagazinerankedtheBeatlesasthegreatest10.________(music)ofalltime.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国著名乐队组合——甲壳虫乐队的相关情况。1.tobe考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。consider...tobe...意为“认为……是……”。2.playing考查动词­ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词by的宾语，且TheBeatles与play之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填playing。3.which考查关系代词。设空处所在分句为“介词(after)＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词LoveMeDo，故填which。4.hadbecome考查过去完成时。由Byearly1964可知，become所表示的动作发生在“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，故填hadbecome。5.what考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句，作produced的宾语，且在从句中作consider的宾语，且由下文内容可知，设空处指的是唱片集，故填what。6.widely考查副词。设空处作状语修饰形容词influential，故填widely。7.successful考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰careers，表示“成功的”，故填successful。8.wasshot考查一般过去时的被动语态。由in1980可知，shoot所表示的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，且Lennon与shoot之间是被动关系，故填wasshot。9.of/from考查介词。dieof/from...意为“死于……”。10.musicians考查名词。设空处作as的宾语，其前有形容词最高级修饰，且theBeatles在此指该乐队的几位成员，故填musicians。BPapercuttingwasrecognisedasournationalintangibleculturalheritage(遗产)in2006.Accordingtoexperts,papercuttingconveystheculturesharedbetweenChina1.________foreigncountriestowishforfamilyreunionsandmaintainlinkswithlovedones,aliveordead.InthemovieCoco,forinstance,the12­year­oldMiguelandhisfamilydanceandsingtocelebratea2.________(tradition)festivalinMexico,whencolourfulpapercuttingsarehungonthestreet.Chinesepeoplealsocutimagesofsmallfigures3.________(commemorate)theirfamilywhohavepassedaway.ThedifferenceisthatmostChinesepapercuttingsarered,whilethoseinothercountries4.________(be)oftenmadeinmanyothercolours.ThefairytalewriterHansChristianAndersenlikedtocut5.________(character),suchasprincesses,outofpaperwhile6.________(tell)storiestochildren.InChina,femalefriendsandfamilymembersusedtochatandmakepapercuttingstogether.“7.________thepatternsandcoloursmaybedifferent,papercuttingssharethesamefunctionofmaintainingemotionaltiesamongpeople，”saysYangHuizi,8.________artteacheratBeijingUnionUniversity.Yang9.________(study)andperformedtheartforoveradecade.Besidesroutineuniversitycourses,shealsoorganisesnonprofitpapercuttingactivities10.________areopentothepublicinBeijingtopromotebasicknowledgeofpapercutting.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了剪纸的意义。1.and考查连词。between...and...是固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”，符合语境，故填and。2.traditional考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，所以用形容词traditional修饰名词festival，在句子中作定语。3.tocommemorate考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是不定式作目的状语，故填tocommemorate。4.are考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处为一般性描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，make和主语those构成被动关系，应用被动语态，即“be＋done”的形式，且主语为复数，故填are。5.characters考查名词的单复数。character是可数名词，根据空后的“suchasprincesses”可知，此处表示复数概念，故填characters。6.telling考查省略句。分析句子结构可知，空格所在句为while引导的时间状语从句，从句主语和主句主语一致，且谓语中包含系动词，故此处省略了主语和系动词。故用tell的现在分词形式telling。7.Though/While/Although考查连词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，前后句表示逻辑上的让步关系，故填Though/While/Although，意为“尽管”。8.an考查冠词。“artteacher”是可数名词，第一次在语境中出现，是YangHuizi的同位语，故用不定冠词修饰，且art以元音音素开头，故填an。9.hasstudied考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“foroveradecade”可知，本句用现在完成时，且主语为第三人称单数形式，故填hasstudied。10.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词nonprofitpapercuttingactivities，在从句中作主语，故用that/which来引导该定语从句。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.这是我有生以来第一次参加如此盛大的庆典。(Thisisthefirsttimethat...)This_is_the_first_time_in_my_life_thatIhavetakenpartinsuchagrandcelebration.2.我一直忙于准备考试，以至于我没有时间出去购物。(so...that...)Ihavebeenso_occupied_in_preparing_for_the_exam_thatIhaven'thadtimetogoshopping.3.经证实这位著名的歌手将于下周在我们城市进行演出。(performance)Ithasbeenconfirmedthatthefamoussingerwill_give_a_performance_in_our_citynextweek.4.汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她这件事。①Tomwassoabsorbed_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformherofit.(absorb)②So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_workthatheforgottoinformherofit.(so...that...的倒装句)③Absorbed_in_his_work,Tomforgottoinformherofit.(过去分词短语作状语)5.他的房子着火了，因为他让厨房炉灶燃烧着就出去了。(leave复合结构)Hishousecaughtfire,becausehewentoutbutleft_the_stove_burninginthekitchen.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Astudyof500,000songsreleased(发行)intheUKbetween1985and2015showedthatpopmusichaddecreasedinhappinessandincreasedinsadness.InareportpublishedinthejournalRoyalSocietyOpenScience,researchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaexaminedhundredsofthousandsofsongsandclassifiedthembytheirmood.“‘Happiness’isgoingdown,‘sadness’isgoingup,andatthesametime,thesongsarebecomingmore‘danceable’andmore‘party­like’，”co­authorNataliaL.KomarovatoldTheAssociatedPress.Thestudyfoundsongsin2014likeStaywithMebySamSmith,WhispersbyPassengerandUnmissablebyGorgonCityhavea“lowhappiness”trend.However,tracksfrom1984likeGloryDaysbyBruceSpringsteen,WouldILietoYou?byEurythmicsandFreedombyWhamhada“highhappiness”trend.“Thepublicseemstopreferhappiersongs,eventhoughmoreandmoreunhappysongsarebeingreleasedeachyear，”theresearcherswrote.Apartfromtheemotionaltrends,researchersdiscoveredthatdancesandpopwerethemostsuccessfulstylesofmusicandthattherewasa“cleardownward”trend,withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s.“Soitlookslike,whiletheoverallmoodisbecominglesshappy,peopleseemtowanttoforgetitallanddance，”Komarovawroteinanemail.Itwasalsofoundthatthe“maleness”ofsongs—thefrequencyofmalesingersinpopularmusic—haddecreasedduringthelast30years.“Successfulsongsarecharacterisedbyalargerpercentageoffemaleartistscomparedtoallsongs，”theywrote.Thisdiscoveryappearsatatimewhentheconversationaroundsexequalityinthemusicindustryisatitsheight,withmoremaleartistsandsongwriters.1.Theresearchersexaminedlotsofsongsto________.A.findsongsfordancesandpartiesB.choosesongsforajournalC.releasemoresongsD.knowbetteraboutsongs2.Whosemusicstyletendstobringyoumorehappiness?A.NataliaL.Komarova's.B.SamSmith's.C.GorgonCity's.D.BruceSpringsteen's.3.Whatdoweknowaboutsongsoverthepastthreedecades?A.Rockbecamepopularintheearly2000s.B.Fewerunhappysongscametolighteveryyear.C.Malesingerswerebetteratperformingpopmusic.D.Femaleartistswerelessskilledinwritingsongs.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PopMusicIsGettingSadderB.MusicCallsforSexEqualityC.PopMusicHasaLongHistoryD.MusicIndustryIsGoingDown【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了流行音乐表达的情绪的变化趋势。1.D推理判断题。第二段介绍了加州大学的研究者们调查了成千上万的歌曲并把它们按情绪分类，紧接着得出歌曲分类的结果，可见他们调查歌曲的目的是想对歌曲有更多的了解，故选D。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However,tracksfrom1984likeGloryDaysbyBruceSpringsteen...hada‘highhappiness’trend.”可知D项正确。3.A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s”可知，摇滚乐在21世纪初开始流行，故A项正确。4.A标题归纳题。根据文章首段总述及后续段落的描述可知，全文重点介绍了流行音乐正变得越来越伤感，故选A项。B项仅是文章中提到的一个细节；C项不是文章的重点；D项扩大外延，属过度概括，故排除。Ⅱ.七选五Gardening380KilometresaboveEarthAstronautshavetogothroughphysical,psychological,andtechnicaltraining.Theyalsogothroughtraininginhowtocareforplants.These“astronautgardeners”sharetheirworkandlivingspacewithplants.Takingseedsandplantsalongonatripisn'tanewidea.Asspacetripsbecomelonger,itwillbenecessarytogrowfoodinspace.1Becauseofthis,it'snotpracticaltosendeverythingneededforalongjourney,onlytobeusedonceandthrownaway.Plantscanservemanyusesonaspacejourney.Theycanprovidemorefreshthings.2Also,plantscanhelptomakeairqualitybetterbecausetheyproduceoxygen.Theycanimprovethequalityoftheairinsidethespacecraft—theonlyairtheastronautscanbreathe.3Duetothelackofgravityinspace,theoxygenthattheplantsproducestaysaroundtheplants.Thiscanactuallykillthem,sofansareneededtocirculatetheair.Withoutgravity,rootsdon't“know”togrowdown,leavesdon't“know”togrowup,andwaterdoesn'teasilytraveluptherootstotheleaves.4Besides,soilistooheavytosendtospace,andspecialliquidgels(凝胶)areusedtohelpplantgrowth.Scientistsarealsoworkingontheplantsthemselves.Theyaretryingtomakeplantsgrowmorerapidlyandgrowwithlesswaterandlightinspace,andtheyarelookingforwaystomakeplantsmoreresistanttodisease.5Imaginethatdesertsmayonedayprovidelotsoffreshfoodforlocalpeople,savingtransportationcosts.Similarly,plantsthatareresistanttodiseasecouldprovideanimportantfoodsupply.Withtheworld'spopulationnowatabout7.7billionpeople,ourastronautgardenersmayhelpdiscoverwaystofeedthosebillions.A.Everyplantgrowninspacemusthaveseveraluses.B.However,therearechallengeswithgrowingplantsinspace.C.SuchmethodsmayresultinimprovementsbackhereonEarth.D.Thecostoftakinganythingintospaceisabout$22,000perkilogram.E.Specialisedcontainersarebeingdevelopedtohelptheplantsgrowcorrectly.F.Astronautswillwelcometheadditionoffruitsandvegetablestotheirdietofdryfoods.G.Currentlyalloxygenistakenaboardintanks.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植植物的原因和好处以及种植方法。1.D空后是说将所有所需东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因；故D项符合语境。2.F根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西；根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气；据此可推知，空处应是介绍在太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物，故F项正确。3.B上文介绍了在太空种植植物的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等；结合下文内容可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系，故B项正确。4.E根据上文内容可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法，故E项符合语境。5.C根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善，故C项正确。Ⅲ.应用文写作假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Tony对中国传统文化很感兴趣，尤其是中医文化。近日，当他看到《华尔街日报》的一则治疗咳嗽的“神药”——“川贝枇杷膏”的报道后，向你询问有关中医的情况。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，介绍一下你所了解的中医。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：中医：TraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)；望闻问切：look,listen,questionandfeelthepulseDearTony，______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourstruly，LiHua【参考范文】DearTony，IamgladtohearthatyouareextremelyinterestedinChineseculture,especiallyTraditionalChineseMedicine.TheTCM,asanimportantpartofChineseculture,hasbeenattractingattentionfromallovertheworld.TheTCM,withitsuniquediagnosticmethods—look,listen,questionandfeelthepulse,longhistoryandremarkableeffects,hasbeenusedtotreatcancerandotherseriousdiseases.Unlikethewesternmedicine,theTCMhasfewersideeffects.Aboveall,ithasamorereasonablepricethatordinarypeoplecanafford.Inaword,theTCMhasmadegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinesehealthcare.Welcometolearnaboutit.Yourstruly，LiHuaⅣ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ibelieveinthisworldeveryonehasagiftreceivedbynatureandknowshowtousethatgift.Haveyoueverthinkabouttheartofsurvival?Survivalisthecolourofhope;itmeanstherightdirectionoflove.YoumustbethinkingwhyIamtalkingtoyouaboutsurvival.It'sreallyhilarious(极其滑稽的)tothinknowafterwhathappenedinthatplacewhereIlivedforoneyear.“Areyoureallylistening,Ramsay？”“Yes,Iamlistening.Tellmemoreaboutwhereyouwere.”“Ramsay,Iwasinanunknownplaceandthatplaceisreallyunforgettable.Thatplacechangedmymeaningoflifeanditssurvival.Thisismystory,thestorythatIwantyoutolistentobecauseyouaretheeditorsoyoucanwriteitandconveyittothemasses.IunderstoodthemeaningofloveandthefeelingsthatIexperiencedinthatplacewillneverbeforgotten.”“OK,Santiago,goon.”OneyearagoIwasathomesleepingandIwaswatchingadreamofanoldwomanwhousedtomakepeopledisappearandtakesignofeachindividual.Nooneknowswherethatindividualgoesaftersigningontheregistershehad.Iwasroamingonthestreetrandomly,thensuddenlyIsawasmallhouseandtherewerenostaircasesinthathousesoIdecidedtoenterit.Anoldwomansawmeandsaid,“Iamwaitingforyou.”Theoldwomanwassittingontheroofandtheroofwasveryclosetotheentrancesoshegrabbedmeforcefullyandpulledmeup.Sheaskedmetosignontheregister.Isawinherregister,year1975wasmentionedandsomeonehadsignedtherealready.Itriedtorunawaybuttherayoflightcomingfromtheoldwomandidn'tletmegoandIsignedthere.Shesaidtomeinmyears,“ImakepeopledisappearfromhereandIhopeyouenjoyyourjourney.”注意：续写词数应为150左右。Suddenly,Id