考研考博-英语-太原工业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-太原工业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Itisamazingthattworesearchesworkingindependentlymadethesamediscovery______.

问题1选项

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.collaboratively

D.conscientiously

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项spontaneously“自发地”；B选项simultaneously“同时地”；C选项collaboratively“协作地”；D选项conscientiously“良心上”。句意：令人惊讶的是，两个独立工作的研究人员______获得同样的发现。根据语境，这里指两个研究人员在研究时互不联系，没有任何外部的干涉，却有相同的发现，A选项spontaneously“自发地”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

Thegirlhadan（）mannerwhichmadeherverypopularatschool.

问题1选项

A.insoutiant

B.insouciant

C.insousant

D.insuciant

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。B选项insouciant“漫不经心的，漠不关心的；无忧无虑的”；A，C和D这三项在英语中不存在。句意：这个女孩有着无忧无虑的举止，这让她在学校很受欢迎。结合句意，B选项正确。

3.单选题

Withtechnologicalchanges,manytraditionalskillshavebecome（

）.

问题1选项

A.isolated

B.absolute

C.obsolete

D.obsessive

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项isolated“孤立的；孤独的；单独的”；B选项absolute“完全的；绝对的”；C选项obsolete“淘汰的，过时的”；D选项obsessive“痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的”。填入形容词做表语，说明traditionalskills“传统技艺”，由关键信息technologicalchanges可知obsolete“淘汰的，过时的”符合题意，句意为：随着技术的进步，许多传统技艺已经过时了。故答案选C。

4.单选题

Sincethedatafromtheexperimentsarenoteasytobeanalysed,itwillbeseveralweeksbeforeweknowwhetherwearefreetoproceedwiththesecondpartofourresearchprogram.

问题1选项

A.from

B.arenoteasy

C.tobeanalysed

D.freetoproceedwith

【答案】B

【解析】语法错误。主谓不一致。are改成is。主语thedata为单数，故系动词应该用is。

5.单选题

Inthebusyholidayseason,extrabusesareprovidedto（）theexistingservice.

问题1选项

A.supplement

B.complement

C.implement

D.experiment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。supplement“补充，增补”；complement“补足，补助”；implement“实现，执行”；experiment“尝试，进行试验”。句意：在繁忙的假日，会增加一些公车来满足现有的服务。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Ifounditdifficultto（）mycareerambitionswiththeneedtobringupmy

children.

问题1选项

A.intensify

B.amend

C.reconcile

D.consolidate

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。intensify使增加，加剧；amend修改；reconcile使顺从，和解；consolidate合并，巩固，加强。句意：我发现很难让我的事业抱负（）抚养孩子的需求。reconcilewith意为“使一致，和好，调解”，因此C选项符合句意。

7.单选题

Overthepasttenyears,naturalgasproductionhasremainedsteady,but（）hasrisensteadily.

问题1选项

A.consumption

B.dissipation

C.disposal

D.expenditure

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。consumption“消费”；dissipation“浪费，消散”；disposal“处理，支配”；expenditure“支出，花费”。句意：在过去十年里，天然气产量保持稳定，但是销量却稳步上升。A项符合题意。

8.单选题

Thefillingstation（）becausethereweretoomanyothersonthestreet.

问题1选项

A.wentunder

B.wentthrough

C.fellout

D.fellthrough

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项gounder“破产，屈服”；B选项gothrough“参加，经受，仔细检查，通过”；C选项fellout“争吵”；D选项fellthrough“未能实现”。句意：这个加油站破产了，因为街上还有很多其他的加油站。选项A符合语境。

9.单选题

Duringthemid-1980s,myfamilyandIspenta（1）yearinthehistorictownofSt.Andrews,Scotland.ComparinglifetherewithlifeinAmerica,wewereimpressedbya

（2）

disconnectionbetweennationalwealthandwell-being.TomostAmericans,Scottishlifewouldhaveseemed

（3）

.IncomeswereabouthalfthatintheU.S.AmongfamiliesintheKingdomofFifesurroundingSt.Andrews,44percentdidnotownacar,andwenevermetafamilythatownedtwo.Centralheatinginthisplace

（4）

southofIcelandwas,atthattime,stillaluxury.

Inhundredsofconversationsduringouryearthereandduringthreehalfsummerstayssince,we

（5）

noticethat,

（6）

theirsimplerliving,theScotsappeared（7）

joyfulthanAmericans.WeheardcomplaintsaboutMargaretThatcher,butneveraboutbeingunderpaidorunabletoaffordwants.

Withinanycountry,suchasourown,arerichpeoplehappier?Inpoorcountries,beingrelativelywelloffdoesmake

（8）

somewhatbetterwelloff.Butinaffluentcountries,wherenearlyeveryonecanaffordlife'snecessities,increasingaffluencematters

（9）

little.IntheU.S.,Canada,andEurope,thecorrelationbetweenincomeandhappinessis,asUniversityofMichiganresearchernotedina1980s16-nationstudy,“virtually

（10）

”.Happinessislower

（11）

theverypoor.Butoncecomfortable,moremoneyprovidesdiminishingreturns.

Evenveryrichpeopleareonlyslightlyhappierthanaverage.Withnetworthall

（12）

$100million,providing

（13）

moneytobuythingstheydon'tneedandhardlycareabout,4in5ofthe49peoplerespondingtosurveyagreedthat“Moneycanincreaseordecreasehappiness,dependingonhowitisused”.Andsomewereindeedunhappy.Onefabulously

（14）

mansaidhecouldneverrememberbeinghappy.Onewomanreportedthatmoney

（15）

miserycausedbyherchildren'sproblems.

Attheotherendoflife'scircumstancesaremostvictimsofdisablingtragedies.Yet,remarkably,mosteventuallyrecoveranear-normallevelofday-to-dayhappiness.Thus,universitystudentswhomustcopewithdisabilitiesare

（16）able-bodiedstudentstoreportthemselveshappy,andtheirfriendsagreewiththeirself-perceptions.

Wehave

（17）

theAmericandreamofachievedwealthandwell-beingbycomparingrichandunrichcountries,andrichandunrichpeople.Thatleavesthefinalquestion:Overtime,doeshappinessrisewithaffluence?

Typicallynot.Lotterywinnersappeartogainbutatemporaryjoltofjoyfromtheirwinnings.Onasmallscale,ajumpinourincomecanboostourmorale,forawhile.Butinthelongrun,neitheranicecreamconenoranewcarnorbecomingrichandfamousproducesthesamefeelingsofdelightthatitinitially

（18）

.Happinessisnottheresultofbeingrich,buta

（19）

consequenceofhavingrecentlybecomericher.Wealth,itthereforeseems,islikehealth:Althoughitsutterabsencecanbreedmisery,havingitdoesnotguaranteehappiness.Happinessis

（20）

amatterofgettingwhatwewantthanofwantingwhatwehave.

问题1选项

A.underpaid

B.prosperous

C.affluent

D.sabbatical

问题2选项

A.assumed

B.seeming

C.seemed

D.seemly

问题3选项

A.precarious

B.imprudent

C.spartan

D.gallant

问题4选项

A.notfar

B.asfaras

C.farfrom

D.farto

问题5选项

A.virtually

B.remarkably

C.ideally

D.repeatedly

问题6选项

A.forasmuch

B.despite

C.considering

D.inasmuch

问题7选项

A.noless

B.less

C.more

D.nomore

问题8选项

A.for

B.up

C.out

D.over

问题9选项

A.scarely

B.intentionally

C.surprisingly

D.provisionally

问题10选项

A.diminishing

B.negligible

C.tripled

D.perceivable

问题11选项

A.in

B.on

C.upon

D.among

问题12选项

A.exceeded

B.exceeding

C.excess

D.excessive

问题13选项

A.utter

B.messy

C.greedy

D.ample

问题14选项

A.prosperous

B.triumphant

C.jubilant

D.victorious

问题15选项

A.couldundo

B.couldintensify

C.couldnotundo

D.couldnotintensify

问题16选项

A.asplausibleas

B.notasplausibleas

C.aslikelyas

D.notaslikelyas

问题17选项

A.ventilated

B.deliberated

C.speculated

D.scrutinized

问题18选项

A.does

B.did

C.hasdone

D.is

问题19选项

A.new

B.favorite

C.temporary

D.normal

问题20选项

A.more

B.less

C.better

D.worse

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:B

第7题:A

第8题:A

第9题:C

第10题:B

第11题:D

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:A

第15题:C

第16题:C

第17题:D

第18题:B

第19题:C

第20题:B

【解析】第1题:（1）词义辨析。A选项underpaid“所得报酬过低的”；B选项prosperous“繁荣的；兴旺的”；C选项affluent“富裕的；丰富的；流畅的”；D选项sabbatical“休假的”。由空格后“inthehistorictownofSt.Andrews,Scotland在苏格兰有历史意义的圣安德鲁斯镇”可知“休假的”符合语境，所以D选项正确。

第2题:（2）词义辨析。A选项assumed“假定的；假装的”；B选项seeming“表面上的；似乎是的”；C选项seemed为动词seem“似乎；像是；装作”的过去式；D选项seemly“适合地；得体地”。由空格后“disconnectionbetweennationalwealthandwell-being国家财富和幸福之间的分离”可知“表面上的”符合语境，所以B选项正确。

第3题:（3）逻辑关系。A选项precarious“危险的；B选项imprudent“轻率的，鲁莽的”；C选项spartan斯巴达式的；（生活方式）简朴的”；D选项gallant“英勇的；华丽的；雄伟的”。由空格前“Scottishlife苏格兰人的生活”与空格后“…notownacar没有一辆车”可知“简朴的”符合语境，所以C选项正确。

第4题:（4）词义辨析。A选项notfar“不远”；B选项asfaras“至于；直到；远到；就······而言”；C选项farfrom“远离；远非；完全不”；D选项farto“远远地；太”。由第3题的分析“苏格兰人的生活俭朴”与空格后“southofIceland冰岛南部”属于“thisplace”的后置定语可知这里指代“在这个离冰岛南部不远的地方集中采暖在那时仍然是一种奢侈”；故A项“不远”符合语境，正确。

第5题:（5）词义辨析。A选项virtually“事实上；几乎”；B选项remarkably“显著地；非常地；引人注目地”；C选项ideally“理想地；观念上地”；D选项repeatedly“反复地；再三地；屡次地”。由空格前“hundredsofconversations数以百计的对话”与空格后“noticed发现”可知“屡次地”符合语境，所以D选项正确。

第6题:（6）逻辑关系。A选项forasmuch“因为；鉴于”；B选项despite“尽管；不管”；C选项considering“考虑到；就······而论”；D选项inasmuch“由于；鉴于。由空格后“theirsimplerliving他们较简朴地生活”与“butneveraboutbeingunderpaidorunabletoaffordwants但是从未听到他们抱怨所得工资太低或不能负担自己所需”可知这里是转折关系，所以B项“尽管”正确。

第7题:（7）逻辑关系。A选项noless“仍然；不相上下；依旧”；B选项less“较少地；较小地；更小地”；C选项more“更多；更大程度地”；D选项nomore“不再；也没有”。本句句意是“尽管他们较简朴地生活，但是苏格兰人似乎与美国人一样快乐”，A项“不相上下”符合语境，正确。

第8题:（8）词义辨析。空格前“made”与各选项构成短语，A选项makefor“导致；有助于；走向”；B选项makeup“组成；补足；化妆；编造；弥补”；C选项makeout“理想；辨认出；说明；填写；设法应付”；D选项makeover“转让；移交；修改”。由空格前“beingrelativelywelloff相对比较富裕”与空格后“somewhatbetterwelloff稍微更加富裕”可知“有助于”更符合逻辑关系。所以A选项正确。

第9题:（9）词义辨析。A选项scarcely“仅够；几乎不”；B选项intentionally“故意地；有意地”；C选项surprisingly“惊人地；出人意料地”；D选项provisionally“临时地；暂时地”。由第8题的句意“在贫穷的国家里，相对比较富裕有助于稍微更富裕”与空格前“Butinaffluentcountries但是在富裕的国家里”对应可知这里指代“但是在富裕的国家里，不断增长的富裕却出人意料地不重要”，所以C选项“出人意料地”符合逻辑关系，正确。

第10题:（10）词义辨析。A选项diminishing“逐渐缩小的；衰减的”；B选项negligible“微不足道的；可以忽略的”；C选项tripled“三倍的；三方的”；D选项perceivable“可知觉的；可感知的”。由第9题的句意“但是在富裕的国家里，不断增长的富裕却出人意料地不重要”与空格后“thecorrelationbetweenincomeandhappiness收入和幸福之间的相关性”的对应可知“微不足道的”符合语境，所以B选项正确。

第11题:（11）词义辨析。A选项in“按照（表示方式）；从事于；在······之内”；B选项on“向；关于；在······之上”；C选项upon“根据；接近；在······之上”；D选项among“在······之中”。由空格后“theverypoor非常贫穷的人”对应知“在······之中”符合语境，所以D项正确。

第12题:（12）介词with引导分词短语充当伴随状语。由空格前“With”和空格后并列成分中“providing”的可知这里是介词with引导分词短语充当伴随状语，所以B选项“exceeding”正确。A选项exceed“超过；胜过”；C选项excess“超额；过度，过量”；D选项excessive“过多的；极度的；过分的”。

第13题:（13）词义辨析。A选项utter“完全的；彻底的”；B选项messy“凌乱的；肮脏的；污秽的；麻烦的”；C选项greedy“贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的”；D选项ample“丰富的；足够的；宽敞的”。由空格后“money钱”与“tobuythingstheydon’tneedandhardlycareabout去购买他们不需要且几乎不在乎的东西”可知“足够的”符合语境，所以D选项正确。

第14题:（14）词义辨析。A选项prosperous“富裕的；繁荣的；兴旺的”；B选项triumphant“成功的；得意洋洋的；狂欢的”；C选项jubilant“欢呼的；喜洋洋的”；D选项victorious“胜利的；凯旋的”。由空格前“Evenveryrichpeopleareonlyslightlyhappierthanaverage甚至非常富有的人只比普通人稍微更幸福”与“Andsomewereindeedunhappy一些人甚至不幸福”可知这里属于举例说明，所以A项“富裕的”正确。

第15题:（15）词义辨析。A选项couldundo“能消除”；B选项couldintensify“能加强”；C选项couldnotundo“不能消除”；D选项couldnotintensify“不能加强”。由空格前“hecouldneverrememberbeinghappy他永远不可能记得那些幸福的日子”与空格后“miserycausedbyherchildren’sproblems由她孩子的问题所导致的痛苦”可知C选项“不能消除”正确。

第16题:（16）逻辑关系。A选项asplausibleas“如……一样似乎可信的”；B选项notasplausibleas“不如……一样似乎可信的”；C选项couldnotundo“如……一样可能的”；D选项couldnotintensify“无法强化”。由空格前“Yet,remarkably,mosteventuallyrecoveranear-normallevelofday-to-dayhappiness.然而，惊人的是大多数残疾人最终选择获得近乎正常的每日幸福水平”、“Thus,universitystudentswhomustcopewithdisabilities因此，必须应对残疾的大学生”与空格后“able-bodiedstudentstoreportthemselveshappy健全的学生报道自己是幸福的”的可知C项“如……一样可能的”正确。

第17题:（17）词义辨析。A选项ventilate“使通风；给······装通风设备；宣布”；B选项deliberate“仔细考虑，商议”；C选项speculate“推断，猜测”；D选项scrutinize“仔细检查，细看”。由空格后”bycomparingrichandunrichcountries,andrichandunrichpeople通过比较富裕和贫困国家，富人和穷人”与“Thatleavesthefinalquestion那留下这个最后的问题”可知D项“仔细检查”符合语境，正确。

第18题:（18）一般过去时态。由空格前“thesamefeelingsofdelight同样的快乐感”与“initially最初”的对应知这里表示过去的时间，所以使用一般过去时态的B选项“did（动词do‘产生’的过去式）”正确。

第19题:（19）词义辨析。A选项new“新的；新鲜的；更新的；初见的”；B选项favorite“最喜爱的；中意的；宠爱的”；C选项temporary“暂时的；短暂的”；D选项normal“正常的；正规的，标准的”。由空格前“Happinessisnottheresultofbeingrich…幸福不是富裕的结果，而是……与空格后“havingrecentlybecomericher近来变得更富裕”可知C项“短暂的”符合语境，正确。

第20题:（20）逻辑关系。由空格前“Wealth,itthereforeseems,islikehealth:Althoughitsutterabsencecanbreedmisery,havingitdoesnotguaranteehappiness.因此，财富看起来就好比健康：尽管财富的完全没有可能引起痛苦，但是拥有财富却不保证拥有幸福”可知这里指代“与其说幸福是获取我们想要的东西，不如说它是想要我们有的东西”，所以B项“less构成的搭配“lessthan与其……不如”正确。

10.单选题

CharlesDarwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”iscreditedwithsparkingevolution’srevolutioninscientificthought,butmanyobservershadponderedevolutionbeforehim.Itwasunderstandingtheidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat,accordingtotheArnoldarboretum’snewdirector.

WilliamFriedman,theArnoldProfessorofOrganismandEvolutionaryBiologywhotookoverasarboretumdirectorJan.1hasstudiedDarwin’swritingsaswellasthoseofhispredecessorsandcontemporaries.WhileDarwiniswidelycreditedasthefatherofevolution,Friedmansaidthe“historicalsketch”thatDarwinattachedtolaterprintingsofhismasterpiecewasintendedtomollifythosewhodemandedcreditfortheirownearlierideas.

Thehistoricalsketchgrewwitheachsubsequentprinting,FriedmantoldanaudienceMonday(Jan.10)，until,bythe6thedition,34authorswerementionedinit.

Scholarsnowbelievethatsomewherebetween50and60authorshadbeatenDarwinintheirwritingsaboutevolution.IncludedwasDarwin’sgrandfather,ErasmusDarwin,aphysicianwhoirritatedclergymenwithhisinsistencethatlifearosefromlowerforms,specificallymollusks.

Friedman’stalk,“ADarwinianLookatDarwin’sEvolutionistAncestors，”tookplaceatthearboretum’sHunnewellBuildingandwasthefirstinanewDirector’sLectureSeries.

ThoughothershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn’twithoutoriginality.FriedmansaidthatDarwin’sthinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew,mostprominentlyAlfredWallace,whosewritingonthesubjectafteryearsinthefieldspurredDarwin’swritingof“OntheOriginofSpecies”.Althoughthebookrunsmorethan400pages,FriedmansaiditwasneverthebookonevolutionandnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended.In1856,threeyearsbeforethebookwaspublished,hebeganworkonadetailedtomeonnaturalselectionthatwouldn’tseepublicationuntil1975.

Theseminaleventincreating“OntheOriginofSpecies”occurredin1858,whenWallacewroteDarwindetailingWallace’sideasofevolutionbynaturalselection.ThearrivalofWallace’sideasgalvanizedDarwinintowriting“OntheOriginofSpecies”asan“abstract”oftheideashewaspainstakinglylayingoutinthelargerwork.ThiswasaluckybreakforDarwin,becauseitforcedhimtowritehisideasinplainlanguage,whichledtoabookthatwasnotonlyrevolutionary,despitethosewho’dtreadsimilargroundbefore,butthatwasalsoveryreadable.

ThoughothersthoughtaboutevolutionbeforeDarwin,scientificdiscoveryrequiresmorethanjustanidea.Inadditiontotheconcept,discoveryrequirestheunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea，somethingsomeoftheearlierauthorsclearlydidnothave一suchasthearboristwhoburiedhisthoughtsonnaturalselectionintheappendixofabookonnavaltimber.Lastly,scientificdiscoverydemandstheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessofanidea.Darwin,through“OntheOriginofSpecies，”wastheonlythinkerofthetimewhohadallthreeofthosetraits,Friedmansaid.

“Darwinhadtheabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessoftheidea，”Friedmansaid,addingthatevenWallace,whoseclaimtonewthinkingonevolutionandnaturalselectionwasstrongerthanalltheothers,paidhomagetoDarwinbytitlinghis1889bookonthesubject,“Darwinism.’’

1.AccordingtoWilliamFriedman,Darwin’s“OntheOriginofSpecies”isgreatinthat______.

2.FriedmanbelievesthatDarwinattacheda“historicalsketch”tolaterprintingsofhisbookinanattemptto_______.

3.InFriedman’sview,Darwin’soriginalityliesin_______.

4.WehavelearnedthatatfirstDarwinintendedtowritehisideain（）

5.ScientificdiscoveryrequiredallthefollowingExcept（）

问题1选项

A.itwasthemoststudiedbylaterscientists

B.ithadsignificantideasaboutevolutions

C.itwasthefirsttotalkaboutevolution

D.itwaswellreceivedbythepublic

问题2选项

A.credittheideasaboutevolutionbeforehis

B.claimhimselfasthefathterofevolution

C.introducehisgrandfathertothereader

D.summarizethispredecessors’work

问题3选项

A.histhinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolution

B.hissharingideasaboutevolutionwithhiscontemporaries

C.thewayhewrote“OntheOriginofSpecies”

D.thewayhelecturedontheideasofevolution

问题4选项

A.amuchlargerbook

B.a400book

C.scientificterms

D.plainlanguage

问题5选项

A.comingupwithanewidea

B.understandingthesignificanceoftheidea

C.makingclaimstotheideabywritingbooks

D.convincingothersofthecorrectnessoftheides

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节题。题干：根据威廉•弗里德曼的观点，达尔文的《论物种起源》很伟大，因为______。第二段第一句提到了WilliamFriedman的身份是arboretumdirector，由此可以找到第一段中他的观点“Itwasunderstandingtheidea’ssignificanceandsellingittothepublicthatmadeDarwingreat”，与D选项对应。因此D选项符合题意。

2.细节题。题干：弗里德曼认为，达尔文在他的书的后期印刷中附上了一幅“历史素描”是试图_______。第二段最后提到“…the“historicalsketch”thatDarwinattached…wasintendedtomollifythosewhodemandedcreditfortheirownearlierideas”，他这么做是为了安抚那些为自己的早期的观点要求声望的人，因此A选项符合题意。

3.Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE细节题。题干：在弗里德曼看来，达尔文的独创性在于_____。本文第五段第一句提到达尔文的独创性：Though

othershadclearlyponderedevolutionbeforeDarwin,hewasn’twithoutoriginality.FriedmansaidthatDarwin’sthinkingonnaturalselectionasthemechanismofevolutionwassharedbyfew.由此可知，虽然在达尔文之前就已经有人思考过进化的问题，但达尔文在这方面还是具有创造性。弗里德曼说，只有少数人认同达尔文在自然选择这种机制方面的见解。因此A选项符合题意。

4.细节题推理题。题干：我们已经知道，起初达尔文打算把他的想法写进______。由题干定位到文章第五段最后两句“Althoughthebookrunsmorethan400pages…itwasneverthebookonevolutionandnaturalselectionthatDarwinintended…hebeganworkonadetailedtomeonnaturalselectionthatwouldn’tseepublicationuntil1975”，可知达尔文本身是有更宏大的写作计划。因此A选项符合题意。

5.判断推理题。题干：科学发现需要以下所有条件，除了______。文中第八段第一句提到了scientificdiscovery科学发现。第一句中的“requiresmorethanjustanidea”与A选项对应；第二句中的“theunderstandingofthesignificanceoftheidea”与B选项对应；第三句中的“theabilitytoconvinceothersofthecorrectnessofanidea”与D选项对应。因此C选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Theidealcompanionmachine-thecomputer-wouldnotonlylook,feel,andsoundfriendlybutwouldalsobeprogrammedtobehaveinapleasantmanner.Thosequalitiesthatmakeinteractioncomfortable,andyetthemachinewouldremainslightlyunpredictableandthereforeinteresting.Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle.Themachinewouldnotbeapassiveparticipantbutwouldadditsownsuggestions,information,andopinions;itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown.

Friendshipsarenotmadeinaday,andthecomputerwouldbemoreacceptableasafriendifitimitatedthegradualchangesthatoccurwhenonepersonisgettingtoknowanother.Atanappropriatetimeitmightalsoexpressthekindofaffectionthatstimulatesattachmentandintimacy.Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation.Afterexperiencingawealthofpowerful,well-timedfriendshipindicators,theuserwouldbeverylikelytoacceptthecomputerasfarmorethanamachineandmightwellcometoregarditasafriend.

Anartificialrelationshipofthistypewouldprovidemanyofthebenefitsthatcouldcontinuefrompreviousdiscussions.Itwouldhaveafamiliaritywiththeuser'slifeasrevealedinearliercontact,anditwouldbeunderstandingandgood-humored.Thecomputer’sownpersonalitywouldbelivelyandimpressive,anditwoulddevelopinresponsetothatoftheuser.Withfeaturessuchasthese,themachinemightindeedbecomeaveryattractivesocialpartner.

1.Whichofthefollowingisnotafeatureoftheidealcompanionmachine?

2.Thecomputerwoulddevelopfriendshipswithhumansina(n)-way（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingaspectsisnotmentionedwhenthepassagediscussesthebenefitsofartificialrelationships?

4.Throughoutthepassage,theauthorisinhisattitudetowardthecomputer（

）.

5.Whichmightbethemostappropriatetitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Activeincommunication

B.Attractiveinpersonality.

C.enjoyableinperformance

D.unpredictableinbehavior

问题2选项

A.Quick

B.unpredictable

C.productive

D.inconspicuous.

问题3选项

A.Beingabletopickupaninterestingconversation.

B.Beingsensitivetoearliercontact.

C.Beingreadytolearnabouttheperson'slife

D.Havingapleasantandadaptablepersonality.

问题4选项

A.favorable

B.critical

C.vague

D.hesitant

问题5选项

A.Artificialrelationships.

B.Howtoformintimaterelationships

C.Theaffectionatemachine

D.Humansandcomputers

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节题。第一段指出:machinewouldremainslightlyunpredictable(机器有一点不可预测),因此D项与原文不符。

2.细节题。第二段:Thewholeprocesswouldbeaccomplishedinasubtlewaytoavoidgivinganimpressionofover-familiaritythatwouldbelikelytoproduceirritation(整个过程将以一种微妙的方式完成，以避免给人一种过于熟悉的印象，这可能会引起不安)。表明这种电脑与人类建立关系的过程是'inasubtleway,故选D项(不显眼的，不引人注意的)。

3.细节题。第一段:itwouldsometimestaketheinitiativeindevelopingorchangingthetopicandwouldhaveapersonalityofitsown(它有时会主动发展或改变话题，并拥有自己的个性),可以看出A跟D项有提到,butasitcametoknowtheuseritwouldprogresstoamorerelaxedandintimatestyle(但当它逐渐了解用户时，它会发展成一种更轻松、更贴心的风格),可以看出C项有提到。而B选项(对早起的接触很敏感)与"Initsfirstencounteritmightbesomewhathesitant"不符,故选B。

4.态度方向。形容这种电脑作者用到的词汇有:comfortable、interesting等,不难看出作者对这种电脑的态度是"favorable"赞赏的。

5.主旨大意题。作者介绍了这种“仿真交际”电脑与人类如何建立关系，并围绕这种电脑的各项特点来介绍它是具有人情味、人性化的,因此C项作标题最合适。

12.单选题

Assoonasweenteredthehouse,wefeltanintangiblesenseofgloomandhopelessness.

问题1选项

A.untouchable

B.unconscious

C.imponderable

D.unjustifiable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。横线单词intangible意为“无形的，触摸不到的；难以理解的”；A选项“untouchable”意为“达不到的；不可批评的；不可捉摸的”；B选项“unconscious”意为“无意识的；失去知觉的；不省人事的；未发觉的”；C选项“imponderable”意为“无重量的；无法计算的”；D选项“unjustifiable”意为“不合道理的；不能分辩的；辩护不了的”。句意：我们一走进房子，就感到一种难以言喻的阴郁和绝望。由题干可知，senseofgloomandhopelessness（忧郁和绝望的感觉）是无法触摸的，所以可以推测出intangible在此处最可能是“触摸不到的”的意思，四个选项中untouchable具有“不可捉摸的”的意思，与此相近。因此A选项符合题意。

13.单选题

DuringtheMiddleAges,virulentdiseaseslikeBubonicPlaguewererampant.

问题1选项

A.lethal

B.communicable

C.contagious

D.defective

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.lethal致命的B.communicable会传染的

C.contagious可接触传染的D.defective有缺陷的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析

【解题思路】原句前后语义为“在中世纪，像黑死病这样的____疾病十分猖獗。”由此可知，该形容词修饰的是“疾病（黑死病）”，原词virulent“致命的”，因此A选项lethal“致命的”最符合原句语义。

【干扰项排除】

B选项communicable“会传染的”，语义与原句不一致；

C选项contagious“可接触传染的”，语义与原句不一致；

D选项defective“有缺陷的”，不符合原句语义衔接。

【句意】在中世纪，像黑死病这样的致命疾病十分猖獗。

14.单选题

Our（

）withthePresidentattheairportwasexciting.

问题1选项

A.arrival

B.encounter

C.endeavor

D.refreshment

【答案】B

【解析】根据句意:我们在机场偶遇总统,这真的令人激动不已。只有选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Fromitsbirthin1981withjusttwoemployees,theGovernmentofSingaporeInvestmentCorporationhadbecomeoneoftheworld’slargestsovereignfunds,managingmorethan$100billioninassets,with900employeesineightofficesaroundtheworld.ItislargereventhanTemasekHoldings,thegovernment’sbetter-knownfund.Temasekgainedattentionwithits$1.9billionpurchaseofacontrollingstakeinThailand’sdominanttelecommunicationscompanyfromthefamilyofthecountry’sprimeminister.Thathelpedstirstreetproteststhatledtoacoupd’état(政变)therelastyear.

Thestakewaspartofabroaderexpansionstartedinmid-2002bythecompany’sexecutivedirector,HoChing,formerlyheadofgovernment-ownedSingaporeTechnologiesandwifeofSingapore’sPrimeMinister,LeeHsienLoong.AimedatrevivingTemasek’sfinancialperformanceinthewakeofarecession,TemasekhassincetakenlargestakesinbanksasdistantasIndia,ChinaandtheStandardCharteredBankofBritain.Temaseksaysitsinvestmentsarepurelyforfinancialpurposesdespiteitsownershipbythegovernment.Nonetheless,ithasrunintopoliticalheadwinds(逆风)intheregion.AnIndonesiancourtrecentlyruledthatitwouldhavetoselloneofthecontrollingstakesitholds,onedirectlyandtheotherthroughasubsidiary,inthecountry’stwodominantcellulartelephonecompanies.

Overthelastfewyears,SingaporehasembarkedonanaggressiveefforttocourtprivatebanksandtheirclientsasawayofdiversifyingtheeconomyasmanufacturingjobswereshiftingtoChinaandVietnam,turningthecountryintoanAsianassetbase.Therearealreadyatleast40privatebankswithofficesinSingapore,managingassetsworthatleast$150billion.WithmanywealthyEuropeansshiftingassetstoSingaporefromSwitzerlandtotakeadvantageofrapidAsiangrowthandavoidnewwithholdingtaxesinEurope,theEuropeanauthoritieshavesteppedupcriticismofSingapore’sbankingsystem,sayingthatSingaporeneededtotightencontrolsagainstmoneylaundering.

Singaporeanfinancialauthoritiessaytheydonotcondonemoneylaunderingandrecentlysteppedupfinesagainstbanksfoundtobeinvolvedinillicitfinancialactivity.TheGovernmentInvestmentCorporation,knownasG.I.C.,iscontrolledbythestate,andSingapore’sfoundingPrimeMinister,LeeKuanYew,isitschairman.Hisson,thecurrentprimeminister,isdeputychairman.TonyTan,itsexecutivedirector,isaformerdeputyprimeminister.

BothTemasekandG.I.C.haveaggressivelyrecruitedtopinternationalfinancialtalent,andG.I.C.inparticularhasareputationamongbankersandanalystsasashrewdandpowerfulinvestor.Morethan40percentofitsemployeesarenotSingaporean.ItsinvestmentpanelincludesCharlesEllis,chairmanoftheYaleUniversityInvestmentCommittee,andRobertLitterman,amanagingdirectorofGoldmanSachsAssetManagement.Despitemanagingpublicfunds,G.I.C.doesnotpublicizeitsholdingsorreturns.Lastyearonits25thanniversary,LeeKuanYewofferedthecompany’sfirstfinancialdisclosure,reportingthatG.I.C.hadaverageda9.5percentannualreturninUnitedStatesdollartermsoveritslifetime.

1.Thepassagemainlydiscussesabout______.

2.Formthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthat______.

3.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofTemasekHoldings?

4.ManyEuropeansshiftassetstoSingaporeduetothefollowingreasonsexcept______.

5.Theword“condone”mostprobablymeans______.

问题1选项

A.Singapore’sfinancialstrategyinrecentyears

B.conditionsaboutthetwolargegovernmentfundsinSingapore

C.thetransformationorevolutionofSingapore’sbankingsystem

D.thecloserelationbetweenSingapore’sfinancialsystemandthegovernment

问题2选项

A.SingaporeansareagainstthepurchaseofcontrollingstakeinThailand’stelecommunicationscompany

B.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchaseisindeedapoliticaldeal

C.SingaporeansthinkthatTemasek’spurchasewillmakethemhavealoss

D.ThaisarereluctanttoletTemasektocontroltheirtelecommunicationscompany

问题3选项

A.TemasekHoldingsseemstobequitereluctanttointerferewithinthepoliticalissueofthecountriesitinvestsinto.

B.TemasekHoldingswillselloneofthecontrollingstakesinIndonesianmobiletelephonecompaniesdirectlyandthroughasubsidiary.