考研考博-英语-唐山幼儿师范高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-唐山幼儿师范高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

Inalmosteveryformofmedia,includingtelevision,newspapersandmagazines,agreatdealattentionispaidtothepersonallivesofcelebrities.Itseemsthatthepubliccannotgetenoughofthiskindofnews.However,Ibelievethatthemediahavearesponsibilitytopresentabalancedviewoftheworld,aswellasrespectthelivesofpublicfigures.Therefore,Ibelievethatthemediapaytoomuchattentiontothepersonallivesoffamouspeople.

Forpeoplewhoarefascinatedwiththelivesofpublicfigurestherearesomeformsofmediadevotedexclusivelytothistopic.TheycansatisfytheircuriositybybuyingfanmagazinesandwatchingTVshowsdevotedtoentertainmentnews.Thegeneralmediashouldpresentalltypesofinformationbecausepeoplehavedifferentinterests.Furthermore,thepracticeofdwellingontheprivatelivesofcelebritiescanleadpeopletopaymoreattentiontothesemattersthantheyotherwisewould.Perhapsmostimportantly,themediashouldrespecttheprivacyofeveryindividual,includingpublicfigures.Theymayhavechosentobeinthepubliceye,butthatdoesgivethepublictherighttoknoweverythingaboutthem.Moreover,manystoriesaboutcelebritiesareuntrue;theyareonlygossipreportedto-increasesalesofmagazinesandothermedia.Theyareunfairtothefamousandmisleadthepublic.

Forallofthesereasons,Ibelievethatthemediashouldpaymoreattentiontomattersotherthantheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.Inthisway,theycanappealtoawideraudienceandencouragepeopletodevelopotherinterests.Inmyopinion,themediacurrentlypaytoomuchattentiontotheprivatelivesofpublicfigures.

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

【答案】【参考译文】

几乎每一种媒体，包括电视、报纸和杂志，都把许多焦点放在名人的私生活上。公众似乎对这类新闻一直感兴趣。然而，我认为媒体有责任以公正的观点报道时事，并尊重公众人物的生活。因此，我认为媒体确实过分关注名人的私生活。

因为有些人对公众人物的生活很着迷，所以有些媒体就专门报道这个话题。他们可以通过购买针对歌迷发行的杂志和观看电视节目的娱乐新闻来满足自己的好奇心。一般媒体应该提供所有类型的信息，因为人们的兴趣各不相同。此外，老是纠缠于名人的私生活会让人们比平时更关注这些事情。也许最重要的是，媒体应该尊重每个人的隐私，包括公众人物的隐私。他们可能选择了出现在公众的视线中，但那并不表示大众有权知道他们的一切。此外，许多关于名人的故事都是不真实的；它们只是用来增加杂志和其他媒体销量的八卦报道。那些不实的报道不仅对名人不公平，还会误导公众。

基于所有这些理由，我认为媒体应该多关注公众人物私生活以外的事情。通过这种方式，他们可以吸引更广泛的受众，并鼓励人们培养其他兴趣。在我看来，目前的媒体过于关注公众人物以及他们的私生活。

2.翻译题

Adversity(逆境)referstothedifficultiesandsetbacksconfrontedbypeopleinlife.Adversityexistsineveryone'slife.Itplaysanimportantroleintheprocessofpeople’sgrowthandmaturity.People'sattitudetowardsadversitydeterminesitsinfluenceonthem.AdoptingapositiveattitudetowardsadversitywillmaturateourpersonalityTherefore,adversityisactuallyachallengeandtrial,whichcanbringonespotentialintofullplay.Itcanhelpdriveawayone'slazinessandperfectoneselfinthefightagainstdifficulties.Thatisthesignificanceofadversity.

【答案】逆境是指人们在生活中遇到的困难和挫折。逆境存在于每个人的生活中。它在人们的成长和成熟过程中起着重要的作用。人们对待逆境的态度决定了它对他们的影响。对逆境采取积极的态度将使我们的个性成熟，因此逆境实际上是一种挑战和考验，它能使人潜能充分发挥。它能帮助人赶走懒惰，在对抗困难的斗争中完善自己。这就是逆境的意义。

3.单选题

Whethertheeyesare"thewindowsofthesoul"isdebatablethattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisafact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy'slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmerican-four-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople,75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother'sbackinfantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencode（编码）ordecode（解码）meaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthattheproperplacetofocusone'sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner."

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselvestoglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingat,thespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerre-establisheseyecontact:iftheyarenotlookingthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

2.AccordingtothepassagetheJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner'sneckbecause

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto

（

）.

4.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

问题1选项

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

问题2选项

A.theydon’tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theyneednotcommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon'tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

问题3选项

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactsofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

问题4选项

A.nottoweardarkspectacles

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepauses

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由第一段第四句“arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredwillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyewhenthefaceispresentedinprofile.一张真正的人脸如果遮住了眼睛不会让小宝宝发笑，或者侧面的脸，只能看到一只眼睛时，小宝宝也不会发笑。”故C项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由题干定位到第一段“InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sbackinfantsdonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencode（编码）ordecode（解码）meaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthattheproperplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone’sconversationpartner.在日本，婴儿被背在母亲的背上，他们对眼神交流的依恋不像其他文化中那么强烈。结果就是，日本成年人很少用面部表情来理解或解释含义。事实上，Argyle揭示了在日本谈话时，一个人的目光应该集中在谈话对象的脖子上。”可知日本人说话时喜欢把目光聚焦在另一个人的脖子上是由于小时候没有太多机会通过眼神来交流。故答案D

第3题:细节事实题。由第二段“iftheyarenotlookingthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.如果他们没有看着说话人，说话人就会认为他们是不感兴趣的，要么就会停下来直到重新开始眼神交流，要么就会终止谈话。”可知答案C

第4题:细节理解题。由文章末尾“Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.两个说话的人都戴着墨镜时，这种眼神交流对维持对话的重要性就变得显而易见了：可能会出现由打断、错误的开始和不可预知的停顿引起的话语堵塞。”可知戴墨镜对话会造成中断，错误的开始和不可预计的停顿。故为了保持通畅的对话，最好不要戴墨镜说话。答案A

4.填空题

Howareyourweddingplansgoing?

I’d（1）nottalkaboutthem,ifyoudon't（2）.

Oh,Pmsorry,Ididn’tmeantopry

句意:

你的婚礼筹备的怎么样了？

如果你不介意的话，我宁愿不讨论这个。

哦，不好意思啊，我不是想要打听的。

【答案】1.rather

2.mind

【解析】1.固定搭配。I'drathernot我宁可不。

2.固定搭配。ifyoudon'tmind如果你不介意的话。

5.单选题

OneauthoritymadeacensusofthespidersinagrassfieldinthesouthofEngland,andhe（

）thatthereweremorethan2,250,000spidersinoneacre.

问题1选项

A.assessed

B.estimated

C.appraised

D.evaluated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:一位权威人士对英国南部一块草坪上的蜘蛛进行了数量调查，他估计在那个地方每公顷有超过225万只蜘蛛。

考查近义词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Assess评定,估价;estimate估计,估量;appraise估量,估价,(对某人的工作)做出评价;evaluate评价,估价。由关键信息morethan2,250,000spidersinoneacre(每公顷有225万只蜘蛛)可知B符合句意。

6.单选题

Ifsustainablecompetitiveadvantagedependsonworkforceskills,Americanfirmshaveaproblem.HumanmanagementisnottraditionallyseenasacentraltothecompetitivesurvivalofthefirmintheUnitedStates.Skillacquisitionisconsideredasindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherforceofproductiontobehired/rentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamustasonebuysrawmaterialorequipment.

Thelackofimportanceattachedtohumanresourcemanagementcanbeseeninthecorporatepeckingorder.InanAmericanfirmthechieffinancialofficerisalmostalwayssecondincommand.Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer.Bywayofcontrast,inJapantheheadofhumanresourcemanagementiscentral-usuallythesecondmostimportantexecutive,aftertheCEO,inthefirm’shierarchy.

WhileAmericanfirmsoftentalkaboutthevastamountsspentontrainingtheirworkforce,infact,theyinvestlessintheskillsoftheiremployeesthandoeitherJapaneseorGermanfirms.Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalormanagerialemployees.Andthelimitedinvestmentsthatmadeintrainingworkersarealsomuchmorenarrowlyfocusedonthespecificskillsnecessarytodothenextjobratherthanonthebasicbackgroundskillsthatmakeitpossibletoabsorbnewtechnologies.

Asaresult,problemsemergewhennewbreakthroughtechnologiesarrive.IfAmericanworkers,forexampletakemuchlongertolearnhowtooperatenewflexiblemanufacturingstationsthanworkersinGerman(astheydo),theeffectivecostofthosestationsislowerinGermanthanitisinUnitedStates.Moretimeisrequiredbeforeequipmentisupandrunningatthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentisupandrunningatcapacity,andtheneedforextensiveretaininggeneratescostsandcreatesbottlenecksthatlimitthespeedwithwhichnewequipmentcanbeemployed.Theresultisaslowerpaceoftechnologicalchange.Andintheendtheskillsofthebottomhalfofthepopulationaffectthewagesofthetophalf.Ifthebottomhalfcan’teffectivelystafftheprocessesthathavetobeoperated,themanagementandprofessionaljobsthatgowiththeseprocesseswilldisappear.

1.WhichofthefollowingappliestothehumanresourcemanagementofAmericancompanies?

2.Whatisthepositionoftheexecutiveofhuman-resourcemanagementinAmericanfirms?

3.ThemoneymostAmericanfirmsputinworkforcetrainingmainlygoes

on（

）.

4.WhyisthereaslowpaceoftechnologicalchangeinAmericanfirms?

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Theyhirepeoplewiththeleastpossiblemoneyregardlessoftheirskills.

B.Theyseeskillsgainastheiremployees’ownbusiness.

C.Theyrefertohireself-trainedworkers.

D.Theyonlyhireskilledworkersbecauseofkeenemploymentcompetition.

问题2选项

A.Heisoneofthemostimportantexecutivesofthefirm.

B.Hispositionislikelytodisappearwhennewtechnologieshavebeenintroduced.

C.Hehasnosayinginmakingimportantdecisionsofthefirm.

D.Heisdirectlyunderthechieffinancialexecutive.

问题3选项

A.technologicalandmanagerialstaff

B.workerswhowillrunnewequipment

C.workerswholackofbasicbackgroundskills

D.topexecutive

问题4选项

A.NewequipmentismoreexpensiveinAmerica.

B.Americanfirmsdon’tpayenoughattentiontoon-the-jobtrainingtheirworkers.

C.ThedecisionmakingprocessinAmericanfirmsmakesthemlessresponsivetotechnologicalchanges.

D.TheprofessionalstaffsofAmericanfirmsarelesspaidandsolesscreative.

问题5选项

A.Americanfirm’humanresourcemanagementstrategiesaffecttheircompetitivecapacity.

B.Humanresourcemanagementisakeyfactorinafirm’ssurvival.

C.ThecostofworktraininginAmericaishigherthanthatinJapanandGermany.

D.AmericanfirmsaredifferentfromJapaneseandGermanfirmsinhumanresourcemanagement.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节题。第一段指出:Skillacquisitionisconsideredasindividualresponsibility.Laborissimplyanotherforceofproductiontobehired/rentedatthelowestpossiblecost,whichisamustasonebuysrawmaterialorequipment(技能获得被视为个人责任。劳动力只是另一种以最低成本雇佣/租赁的生产力量，跟购买原材料或设备一样是必需品)。因此B项(他们认为技能的获得是员工自己的事)正确。

2.细节题。根据题干关键词executiveofhuman-resourcemanagement定位至第二段:Thepostofheadofhumanresourcemanagementisusuallyaspecializedjob,offattheedgeofthecorporatehierarchy.TheexecutivewhoholdsitisneverconsultedonmajorstrategicdecisionsandhasnochancetomoveuptoChiefExecutiveOfficer(人力资源管理主管的职位通常是一个专门的工作，处于公司等级制度的边缘。处于该职位的高管从未就重大战略决策参与讨论，也没有机会晋升为首席执行官),因此选C项(他对公司的重大决策没有发言权)。

3.细节题。第三段指出:Themoneytheydoinvestisalsomorehighlyconcentratedonprofessionalormanagerialemployees,故选A项(技术和管理人员)。

4.细节题。题干问的是为什么美国公司的技术变革步伐缓慢？据此定位至第四段:Theresultisaslowerspaceoftechnologicalchange,此句前面就是原因,故选择C项(美国公司的决策过程使他们跟不上技术变化)。

5.主旨大意题。本文主要是讲美国公司的人力资源管理策略影响他们的竞争能力。A项(美国公司的人力资源管理策略影响其竞争能力)正确。

7.单选题

Oftensuchargumentshavetheeffectof（

）ratherthanclarifyingtheissuesinvolved.

问题1选项

A.obscuring

B.prejudicing

C.tackling

D.blocking

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义词解析。obscure“使……模糊不清；”prejudice“使有偏见”；tackle“阻碍”；block“阻塞”，句意：这样的争论经常会使问题变得含糊不清，而不能使问题更明确。选项A符合题意。

8.单选题

Mencommitmotoringoffencesaswomen,accordingtotheHomeOfficefigures.

问题1选项

A.ninetimesof

B.asninetimes

C.ninetimesthatof

D.ninetimeasmany

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法知识。对比选项可知本题考查倍数。与times相关的倍数表达方式为：AisNtimes(形容词比较级)thanB。因此D选项符合题意。

9.单选题

Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.

ThedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;itsdevelopment,however,wasvirtuallyhaltedinthe1940’sbecausethedevelopmentoftheelectronmicroscopewasprogressingrapidly.Duringthe1940’s,electronmicroscopesroutinelyachievedresolutionbetterthanthatpossiblewithavisible-lightmicroscope,whiletheperformanceofX-raymicroscopesresistedimprovement.Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.

ThenewX-raymicroscopesconsiderablyimproveontheresolutionprovidedbyopticalmicroscopes.Theycanalsobeusedtomapthedistributionofcertainchemicalelements.Somecanformpicturesinextremelyshorttimes;othersholdthepromiseofspecialcapabilitiessuchasthree-dimensionalimaging.Unlikeconventionalelectronmicroscopy,X-raymicroscopyenablesspecimenstobekeptinairandinwater,whichmeansthatbiologicalsamplescanbestudiedunderconditionssimilartotheirnaturalstate.Theilluminationused,so-calledsoftXraysinthewavelengthrangeoftwentytofortyangstroms(anangstromisoneten-billionthofameter),isalsosufficientlypenetratingtoimageintactbiologicalcellsinmanycases.BecauseofthewavelengthoftheXraysused,softX-raymicroscopeswillnevermatchthehighestresolutionpossiblewithelectronmicroscopes.Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.

1.Whatisthethemedoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionthevisible-lightmicroscopeinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhydidittakesolongtodeveloptheX-raymicroscope?

4.Basedontheinformationinthepassage,whatcanbeinferredaboutX-raymicroscopesinthefuture?

问题1选项

A.Thedetailseenthroughamicroscope.

B.Outdatedmicroscopictechniques.

C.Sourcesofilluminationformicroscopes.

D.Anewkindofmicroscope

问题2选项

A.ToputtheX-raymicroscopeinahistoricalperspective.

B.Tobeginadiscussionofsixteenth-centurydiscoveries.

C.Toshowhowlimiteditsusesare.

D.Toexplainhowitfunctioned.

问题3选项

A.Fundsforresearchwereinsufficient.

B.Thesourceofilluminationwasnotbrightenoughuntilrecently.

C.MaterialsusedtomanufactureX-raytubesweredifficulttoobtain.

D.X-raymicroscopesweretoocomplicatedtooperate.

问题4选项

A.Theywillprobablyreplaceelectronmicroscopealtogether.

B.Theywilleventuallybemuchcheapertoproducethantheyarenow.

C.Theywillprovideinformationnotavailablefromotherkindsofmicroscopes.

D.Theywilleventuallychangetheilluminationrangethattheynowuse.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由第一段“Nowanothertypeofmicroscope,onethatutilizesX-raysratherthanlightorelectrons,offersadifferentwayofexaminingtinydetails;itshouldextendhumanperceptionstillfartherintothenaturalworld.现在，另一种显微镜，利用x射线而不是光或电子，提供了一种观察微小细节的不同方法;它应该把人类的感知能力进一步扩展到自然界。”及第二段“ThedreamofbuildinganX-raymicroscopedatesto1895;制造x射线显微镜的梦想可以追溯到1895年”可知本文讲的是一种新的显微镜，故D项正确。

2.判断推理题。定位第一段中“Eachadvanceinmicroscopictechniquehasprovidedscientistswithnewperspectiveonthefunctionoflivingorganismsandthenatureofmatteritself.显微技术的每一个进步都给科学家提供了新视角对生物体的功能和物质本身的性质。”及“Theinventionofthevisible-lightmicroscopelateinthesixteenthcenturyintroducedapreviouslyunknownrealmofsingle-celledplantsandanimals.Inthetwentiethcentury,electronmicroscopeshaveprovideddirectviewsofvirusesandminusculesurfacestructures.16世纪晚期可视光学显微镜的发明引入了单细胞植物和动物的未知领域。在二十世纪，电子显微镜提供了对病毒和微小表面结构的直接观察。”可知提及可见光显微镜的目的是“从历史的角度来看待x射线显微镜”故A项正确。

3.细节事实题。定位第二段中“Inrecentyears,however,interestinX-raymicroscopeshasrevived,largelybecauseofadvancessuchasthedevelopmentofnewsourcesofX-rayillumination.Asaresult,thebrightnessavailabletodayismillionsoftimesthatofX-raytubes,which,formostofthecentury,weretheonlyavailablesourcesofsoftX-rays.然而，近年来，人们对x射线显微镜的兴趣又复活了，这在很大程度上是由于x射线照明新光源等技术的发展。结果，今天可用的亮度是x射线管的数百万倍，在本世纪的大部分时间里，x射线管是唯一可用的软x射线源。可知B项“直到最近，光源才足够明亮。”正确，ACD三项都没有提及。答案B。

4.判断推理题。定位最后一段中“Rather,theirspecialpropertieswillmakepossibleinvestigationsthatwillcomplementthoseperformedwithlight-andelectron-basedinstruments.相反，它们的特殊性质将使研究成为可能，这将补充那些用光和电子仪器进行的研究。可知C项“X射线将提供其他种类的显微镜无法提供的信息。”正确。

10.单选题

Singaporehasonly226squaremilesofkind,butitstandsforemostamongthenationsofSouthEastAsiainhaving（）.

问题1选项

A.anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%

B.maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%

C.maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate

D.6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子结构辨析。A选项anannualgrowthratemaintainedofover6%“经济年均增长保持在6%以上”；B选项maintainedanannualeconomicgrowthrateofover6%“保持年均经济增长6倍以上”；C选项maintainedover6%ofannualeconomicgrowthrate“经济增速保持在6%以上”；D选项6%ofannualgrowthrateofeconomicsmaintained“经济保持年均6%的增长速度”。句意：新加坡只有226平方英里的土地，但它在东南亚国家中拥有重要的地位……，结合句意，可知选项C正确。

11.不定项选择题

ThehistoryofAfrican—Americansduringthepast400yearsistraditionallynarrated（61）anongoingstruggleagainst（62）andindifferenceonthepartoftheAmericanmainstream,andastruggle（63）asanupwardmovementis（64）towardevermorejusticeandopportunity.

Technologyinandof（65）isnotatfault;it’smuchtoosimpletosaythatgunpowderoragriculturalmachineryorfiberoptics（66）beentheenemyofan（67）groupofpeople.Acertainmachineisput（68）workinacertainwaythepurpose（69）whichitwasdesigned.Thepeoplewhodesignthemachinesarenotintentonunleashingchaos;theyareusuallytryingto（70）ataskmorequickly,cleanly,orcheaply,（71）theimperativeofinnovationandefficiencythathasruledWesterncivilization（72）theRenaissance.

Masteryoftechnologyissecondonly（73）moneyasthetruemeasureofaccomplishmentinthiscountry,anditisverylikelythatby（74）thisunder-representationinthetechnologicalrealm,andbynotquestioningandexaminingthefolkwaysthathave（75）it,blacksareallowing（76）tobekeptoutofthemainstreamonceagain.Thistime,however,theywillbe（77）fromthegreatestcashengineofthetwenty-firstcentury.Inner-cityblacksinparticularareindanger,andthebeautifulsuburbs（78）ringthedecayofHartford,shedthepastandlearntoexistwithoutcontemplatingorencounteringthetragedyoftheinnercity.

Andblacksmustchangeaswell.Thewaysthat（79）theirancestorsthroughcaptivityandcomingtofreedomhavebeguntolosetheirutility.Ifblacks（80）tosurviveasfullparticipantsinthissociety,theyhavetounderstandwhatworksnow.

问题1选项

A.like

B.as

C.for

D.with

问题2选项

A.charity

B.clarity

C.cohesion

D.oppression

问题3选项

A.charting

B.charts

C.charted

D.tochart

问题4选项

A.progressing

B.progressed

C.clutched

D.clutching

问题5选项

A.itself

B.themselves

C.ourselves

D.himself

问题6选项

A.have

B.tohave

C.has

D.tohas

问题7选项

A.entirely

B.enter

C.entire

D.entrance

问题8选项

A.for

B.off

C.on

D.at

问题9选项

A.for

B.to

C.with

D.before

问题10选项

A.envelop

B.accomplish

C.enveloping

D.accomplishing

问题11选项

A.followed

B.follows

C.tofollow

D.following

问题12选项

A.since

B.on

C.in

D.at

问题13选项

A.before

B.to

C.with

D.from

问题14选项

A.totolerate

B.tolerate

C.tolerated

D.tolerating

问题15选项

A.encountered

B.encountering

C.toencounter

D.encounters

问题16选项

A.them

B.us

C.themselves

D.ourselves

问题17选项

A.excluding

B.included

C.including

D.excluded

问题18选项

A.where

B.that

C.how

D.what

问题19选项

A.servicing

B.encircle

C.encircling

D.served

问题20选项

A.is

B.were

C.are

D.have

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

第6题:C

第7题:C

第8题:D

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:D

第12题:A

第13题:B

第14题:D

第15题:A

第16题:C

第17题:D

第18题:B

第19题:D

第20题:C

【解析】61.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查短语搭配和句意理解。benarratedas“被描述为”。句意：在过去的400年里，美国黑人的历史被传统地描述为是对漠然和压迫的不断斗争。结合句意，故选B。

62.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A项charity“慈善”；B项clarity“清晰；明确”；C项cohesion“粘合；结合”；D项oppression“镇压，压迫”。句意：在过去的400年里，美国黑人的历史被传统地描述为是对漠然和压迫的不断斗争。结合句意，选D.

63.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查被动语态和句意理解。根据句意可知，该空应为被动语态，所以选C项charted，表示“被规划为向上运动的斗争”。

64.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查语法和词义。根据句意用进行时态，排除B，C二项；选表示趋向的动词progress“前进，进步”，D项Clutching“紧握，抓住”，所以选A。

65.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查语法知识。inandofoneself为固定搭配，意为“事物内部及其本身”，句意：科技内部及它本身并没有错，根据句意，technology为主语，应该用单数，所以选A。

66.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查语法知识。根据就近原则，谓语动词应与主语fiberoptics“纤维光学”保持一致，这个词意义上为单数，所以选用单数形式has。

67.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查语法知识。根据空格前后可知，此处用形容词，排除A，B，D；anentiregroupof“整组”，选择C项。

68.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查短语搭配。句意：某些工具被用于工作。Putsthatwork“把某物用于工作方面”，所以答案为D。

69.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查短语搭配。bedesignedfor…“为而设计的”。句意：为了这个目的而设计的。所以答案为A。

70.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查词义和动词用法。正确的用法是trytodosth，首先排除C和D项。A项envelop“包装，遮盖”；B项accomplish“完成”。根据文意，这里应填的意思是完成任务，所以选B。

71.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查语法。用动词的进行时表示动作的伴随，此外follow的逻辑主语是前面的they，所以用主动语态，选D。

72.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查句意理解。根据文章的意思，这里应填“从文艺复兴开始”，所以选since。

73.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查固定搭配。besecondto“仅次于”。句意：掌握技术是仅次于金钱的真正衡量这个国家成就的第二标准。

74.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查介词用法。by是介词，后应该跟动词ing形式，只有D符合。

75.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】考查完成时时态。动词的完成时的结构为have+done，encounter的过去分词形式为encountered，所以答案为A。

76.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考查句意理解。这里应填反身代词，排除A和B。又根据句意，应是“他们自己”，所以选C。

77.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查固定短语。beexcludedfrom“排除，不包括在内”。句意：然而这次他们将不在二十一世纪最伟大的现金制造机的范围内。所以选D。

78.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】考查定语从句。这是一个定语从句，从句部分缺少主语，所以选that。

79.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】考查定语从句。这是一个定语从句，从句缺少谓语，所以排除A和C。另外根据后面主句中的时态“havebegun”，可知前面的从句是一个过去时的句子，所以选D。句意：那些曾经服务于他们祖先的方法已经失去了效用。

80.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】考察一般条件句。根据主句可知是一般条件句，不能用虚拟语气，需用一般现在时，所以选C。句意：如果黑人要作为这个社会的正式参与者生存下去，他们就必须明白现在什么是有效的。

12.单选题

Itisverystrange,butIhadan（

）thattheplanewouldcrash.

问题1选项

A.inspiration

B.intuition

C.imagination

D.incentive

【答案】B

【解析】inspiration灵感，鼓舞；intuition直觉；imagination想象力；incentive动机，刺激。句意：虽然很奇怪，但我有一种飞机会坠毁的直觉。选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

Theystoodgazingatthehappy（）ofchildrenplayinginthepark.

问题1选项

A.perspective

B.view

C.landscape

D.scene

【答案】D

【解析】名词近义词辨析。句意：他们站在那儿，凝视着在公园里玩耍的孩子们的快乐场景。perspective远景，透视图；view视野，风景；landscape风景，风景画；scene特定地点的景色，场景。D项在表示场景时，场景中通常包括了其中的人物及其活动，所以本题选D。

14.单选题

Actingissuchanover-crowdedprofessionthattheonlyadvicethatshouldbegiventoayoungpersonthinkingofgoingonthestageis“Don't!”Butitisuselesstotrytodiscouragesomeonewhofeelsthathemustact,thoughthechancesofhisbecomingfamousareslim.Thenormalwaytobeginistogotoadramaschool.Usuallyonlystudentswhoshowpromiseandtalentareaccepted,andthecourselaststwoyears.Thentheyoungactororactresstakesupworkwitharepertorycompany,usuallyasanassistantstagemanager.Thismeansdoingeverythingthatthereistodointhetheatre:paintingscenery,lookingafterthefurniture,takingcareofthecostumes,andevenactinginverysmallparts.Itisveryhardworkindeed.Thehoursarelongandthesalaryistiny.Butyoungactorswiththestageintheirbloodarehappy,waitingforthechancesofworkingwithabettercompany,orperhapsinfilmsortelevision.

Ofcourse,somepeoplehaveunusualchanceswhichleadtofameandsuccesswithoutthislonganddulltraining.ConniePratt,forexample,wasjustanordinarygirlworkinginabicyclefactory.Afilmproducerhappenedtocatchsightofheronemorningwaitingatabusstop,ashedrovepastinhisbigcar.Hetoldthedrivertostop,andhegotouttospeaktothegirl.Heaskedherifshewouldliketogotothefilmstudiotodoatest,andatfirstshethoughthewasjoking.Thenshegotangryandsaidshewouldcallthepolice.IttooktheproducertwentyminutestotellConniethathewasserious.Thenanappointmentwasmadeforhertogotothestudiothenextday.Thetestwassuccessful.Theygavehersomenecessarylessonsandwithinafewweeksshewasplayingtheleadingpartoppositeoneofthemostfamousactors