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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林农业大学考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.不定项选择题

Atfirst,thenewbusinessplanseemedcounterintuitive—ifnotaquickroutetobankruptcy.KoreanswhoorderedproductsfromLGHomeShopping,atelevisionshoppingchannelhawkingeverythingfromjewelrytocookware,couldreturnthemnoquestionsaskedandgetarefundevenbeforetheitemswerecollectedfromtheirhome.Alldeliverieswerefree.AndthenewplanwaslaunchedinthedepthsoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1998.

LittlewonderthateveryoneincludinghisstaffthoughtLGHomeShoppingChiefExecutiveChoiYungJaehasascrewlooses.EvenasChoiofferedoneofthebestbargainsinKorea,herefusedtosacrificequality.Oneday,heappearedataSeoulwarehouseforaspotinspection—andcanceledordersfromnearly70%ofLG’ssuppliers.“Customertrustwillmakeorbreakourbusiness,”hedeclared.Notlongafter,Choisetupafaxlineinhisofficetohandlecustomercomplaintsdirectly.Complaintspouredin.“Butthen,”saysLGmanagerShinHyungBum,“sixmonthslaterhestartedgettingcomplimentaryfaxes.”Executivesareconfidentthatsaleswilljumpanother50%nextyear.

Choiisstillgettingthem.In1998,LGHomeShoppingearneditsfirstprofitassalestripledto$169million.Thechannel,whichairsaroundtheclockandpricesitemsuptoone-thirdcheaperthandepartmentstores,hasthrivedeversince.Despitetheglobalslowdown,thecompanypredictssalesof$779millionthisyear,up68%from2000.

LGtakesadvantageofKoreandemographics.Knowingthatmostmiddle-classwomenarehomemakers,ithasfocuseditsmarketingonfemalesintheir30sand40s.AnddeliverycostsareminimalbecausenearlyhalfofKorea’s14.3millionfamiliesresideinapartmentblocks.

Theoperationisalsoresolutelyup-market,incontrasttosimilarU.S.channels.Becausemostcable-TVsubscribersinKoreaarewell-to-do,LGsellsnoitemforlessthan$23,whichitfiguresistheminimumitcanchargeandstillmakea4%marginaftercoveringdelivery.Onaverage,LGshoppersspend$110perorder,triplewhatU.S.TVshoppersspend.

RivalsacknowledgeChoi’scontributiontoelectronicshopping,whichhasaccountedfor3%ofKorea’s$90billionretailmarket.“ThewholeindustryisindebtedtoChoi’spioneeringcampaign,”saysSamsungVice-PresidentSuhKangHo,whoheadsthechaebol’sInternetShoppingdivision.“ThebigquestionisifLGcankeepitsgrowthinthefaceoftoughercompetition.”

1.Whichofthefollowingbestdefinestheword“counterintuitive”(L.1,Para.1)?

2.Bysayingthat“ChoiYungJaehasascrewlooses”(L.2,Para.2),theauthormeansthat().

3.IntheviewsofChoi()

4.Fromthetext,wecaninferthat()

5.WhatistheattitudeofSuhKangHotowardsthefuturegrowthofLG?

问题1选项

A.Sensible.

B.Irrational.

C.Quick.

D.Feasible.

问题2选项

A.thestaffinthecompanyareafraidofChoi

B.thereissomethingwrongwiththefacilityofthecompany

C.Choiismadtosomeextent

D.Choi’sbargainscannotbeacceptedbythestaff

问题3选项

A.productqualityiscrucialtothesuccessofthecompany.

B.electronicshoppinghasabrightfuture.

C.theAmericanwayofe-commercehasmoredisadvantages.

D.therivalcompanyhasalreadyacknowledgedhiscontribution.

问题4选项

A.thenewelectronicshoppingplanstartsinanunfavorableeconomicsituation.

B.themajorityofthecustomersofLG’sservicearewomenandchildren.

C.theAmericanelectronicshoppingcompaniesaretherivalsofLG.

D.thepriceofthesameproductsoldbyLGishigherthanthatoftheAmericanCompany.

问题5选项

A.Positive.

B.Negative.

C.Suspicious.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:词义推断题。本题如果记过这个单词可以直接选择,如果不认识也没有关系,根据词根词缀法我们可以发现,单词由counter-和intuitive两部分组成,词缀counter意为“反对”,intuitive意为“直觉的”,因此这个单词的意思大概为“违背直觉的”,B项正确,如果不知道这个方法也可以从后文的“ifnotaquickroutetobankruptcy.”(如果你不想快速破产的话)可见当时普通人对新商业计划的认知都是它是不正常的,违背常理的,答案为B。

第2题:作者意图题。首先定位到这个句子的前后文,后面是说到Choi拒绝牺牲商品的质量,也就是他必须要保证每一件商品的质量,在后面提到说他去视察一个工厂时,直接让那个工厂70%的商品都标为不合格并且直接取消,说明他对于商品的质量是有着很疯狂的追求的,他绝对不会牺牲商品的质量来换取营业额,题干中的“screwlooses”意为做事古怪的,也与C项相符。

第3题:细节推断题。题干提问在Choi的观点中是怎么样的,A项说他认为产品的质量是公司成功的关键,这一点从第二段可以看出,他非常强调商品的质量,因此A保留;B项全文并没有提及,电子购物现在已经发展得如火如荼,但是它的未来Choi并没有给出观点,要注意题干问的是Choi的观点,并不是考生的想法,不要代入自己的主观思想,要从题干中找信息;C项也没有提及;D项是Choi的对手三星总裁的观点,答案为A。

第4题:文章推断题。A项在第一段的最后一句话“AndthenewplanwaslaunchedinthedepthsoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1998.”可以得出,A项保留;B项错误,电视购物的主力就是家庭妇女,并没有儿童;C项错误,LG的对手主要是韩国国内的其他平台;D项也不对,只是说LG的顾客会在购买时花得更多,而不是它的单价高。答案为A。

第5题:作者态度题。根据人名定位到最后一段,Suh说道“ThebigquestionisifLGcankeepitsgrowthinthefaceoftoughercompetition.”意思是不确定LG能不能在之后更加激烈的竞争中胜出,说明他对于LG的未来是持怀疑态度的,答案为C。

2.单选题

Theproblemisinherentand()inanydemocracy,butithasbeenmoresevereinoursduringthepastquarter-centurybecauseofthenearuniversaldenigrationofgovernment,politicsandpoliticians.

问题1选项

A.perishable

B.periodical

C.perverse

D.perennial

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。perishable“易腐坏的;易毁灭的”;periodical“周期的;定期的”;perverse“堕落的,不正当的”;perennial“多年生的;常年的;长期存在的”。分析句子结构可知,填空处所填词应和前面的inherent“固有的”意思相近,所以选项D最为恰当。句意:任何民主的问题都是固有的,长期存在的,但是在过去二十五年中,由于近年来普遍对政府、政治,还有政治家的诋毁使得这个问题更为严峻。所以选项D正确。

3.单选题

Causeandeffectrelationshipsareoftenexpressedwithoutanyovertmarkers.

问题1选项

A.masked

B.evident

C.circular

D.inoperable

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。overt表示“明显的,外显的”;A项masked“戴面具的,潜伏的”,B项evident“明显的,明白的”,C项circular“循环的,圆形的”,D项inoperable“不实用的”。句意:因果关系的表达往往没有任何明显的标记。因此B项正确。

4.单选题

Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand()heissoontobepromoted.

问题1选项

A.nevertheless

B.accordingly

C.yet

D.eventually

【答案】B

【解析】考查逻辑连词。A选项nevertheless“然而,不过”;B选项accordingly“因此,于是,相应地”;C选项yet“然而”;D选项eventually“最终”。根据句意“他给雇主留下了非常深刻的印象,因此他很快就会得到晋升”。这里是表示递进的关系,所以选项B正确。

5.单选题

Jimhadto()allhisskill()todefeathistennisopponent.

问题1选项

A.call…intoplay

B.call...tomind

C.call…toattention

D.oaction

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项,没有oplay的搭配,B选项callsthtomind“想起,记起”;C选项,没有callsth.toattention的搭配,callattentiontosth.“提醒,唤起注意”D选项oaction“将某事付诸行动”。句意:吉姆不得不使出浑身解数来击败他的网球对手。由选项意思和句意可知,D选项符合句意。

6.单选题

Itshouldbeobviousthatcetaceans-whales,porpoises,anddolphinsaremammals.Theybreathethroughlungs,notthroughgills,andgivebirthtoliveyoung.Theirstreamlinedbodies,theabsenceofhindlegs,andthepresenceofaflukeandblowholecannotdisguisetheiraffinitieswithlanddwellingmammals.However,unlikethecasesofseaottersandpinnipeds(seals,sealions,andwalruses,whoselimbsarefunctionalbothonlandandatsea),itisnoteasytoenvisionwhatthefirstwhaleslookedlike.Extinctbutalreadyfullymarinecetaceansareknownfromthefossilrecord.Howwasthegapbetweenawalkingmammalandaswimmingwhalebridged?Missinguntilrecentlywerefossilsclearlyintermediate,ortransitional,betweenlandmammalsandcetaceans.

Veryexcitingdiscoverieshavefinallyallowedscientiststoreconstructthemostlikelyoriginsofcetaceans.In1979,ateamlookingforfossilsinnorthernPakistanfoundwhatprovedtobetheoldestfossilwhale.ThefossilwasofficialnamedPakicetusinhonorofthecountrywherethediscoverywasmade.Pakicetuswasfoundembeddedinrocksformedfromriverdepositsthatwere52millionyearsold.TheriverthatformedthesedepositswasactuallynotfarfromanancientoceanknownastheTethysSea.

Thefossilconsistsofacompleteskullofanarchaeocyte,anextinctgroupofancestorsofmoderncetaceans.Althoughlimitedtoaskull,thePakicetusfossilprovidespreciousdetailsontheoriginsofcetaceans.Theskulliscetacean-likebutitsjawboneslacktheenlargedspacethatisfilledwithfatoroilandusedforreceivingunderwatersoundinmodernwhales.Pakicetusprobablydetectedsoundthroughtheearopeningasinlandmammals.Theskullalsolacksablowhole,anothercetaceanadaptationfordiving.Otherfeatures,however,showexpertsthatPakicetusisatransitionalformbetweenagroupofextinctflesh-eatingmammals,themesonychids,andcetaceans.IthasbeensuggestedthatPakicetusfedonfishinshallowwaterandwasnotyetadaptedforlifeintheopenocean.Itprobablybredandgavebirthonland.

AnothermajordiscoverywasmadeinEgyptin1989.Severalskeletonsofanotherearlywhale,Basilosaurus,werefoundinsedimentsleftbytheTethysSeaandnowexposedintheSaharadesert.Thiswhalelivedaround40millionyearsago,12millionyearsafterPakicetus.Manyincompleteskeletonswerefoundbuttheyincluded,forthefirsttimeinanarchaeocyte,acompletehindlegthatfeaturesafootwiththreetinytoes.Suchlegswouldhavebeenfartoosmalltohavesupportedthe50-foot-longBasilosaurusonland.Basilosauruswasundoubtedlyafullymarinewhalewithpossiblynonfunctional,orvestigial,hindlegs.

58.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutearlyseaotters?

59.Pakicetusandmoderncetaceanshavesimilar______.

60.ThehindlegofBasilosauruswasasignificantfindbecauseitshowedthatBasilosaurus______.

61.ItcanbeinferredthatBasilosaurusbredandgavebirthinwhichofthefollowinglocations?

问题1选项

A.Itisnotdifficulttoimaginewhattheylookedlike.

B.Thereweregreatnumbersofthem.

C.Theylivedintheseaonly.

D.Theydidnotleavemanyfossilremains.

问题2选项

A.hearingstructures

B.adaptationsfordiving

C.skullshapes

D.breedinglocations

问题3选项

A.livedlaterthanAmbulocetusnatans

B.livedatthesametimeasPakicetus

C.wasabletoswimwell

D.couldnothavewalkedonland

问题4选项

A.Onland.

B.Bothonlandandatsea.

C.Inshallowwater.

D.Inamarineenvironment.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】58.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从第1段中可以推断出关于早期海獭的哪一项?”。根据第一段第四句However,unlikethecasesofseaottersandpinnipeds(seals,sealions,andwalruses,whoselimbsarefunctionalbothonlandandatsea),itisnoteasytoenvisionwhatthefirstwhaleslookedlike.(然而,不像海獭和鳍足类动物,如海豹、海狮和海象,它们的四肢既能在陆地上也能在海上活动,很难想象第一批鲸鱼长什么样)可知,第一批鲸鱼不像海獭和鳍足类动物一样,它们只能在海里活动,所以很难想象它们的样子,从而反推,想象早期的海獭是什么样子没有那么难,故A项“不难想象它们长什么样”正确,由此也可知C项“他们只住在海里”与原文不符;第一段都没有提到早期海獭的数量及其化石,B项“数量巨大”和D项“他们没有留下很多化石遗迹”不选。因此,该题选择A项正确。

59.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“巴基鲸和现代鲸目动物也有类似的……”。根据第三段第三句Theskulliscetacean-likebutitsjawboneslacktheenlargedspacethatisfilledwithfatoroilandusedforreceivingunderwatersoundinmodernwhales.(这个头骨与鲸类动物相似,但它的下颚骨缺少现代鲸鱼用来接收水下声音的、充满脂肪或油的扩大空间。)可知,Pakicetus化石有和现代鲸目动物相似的头骨,C项“头骨形状”正确;第三段第四句提到Pakicetusprobablydetectedsoundthroughtheearopeningasinlandmammals.(巴基鲸可能像陆地哺乳动物一样通过耳孔探测声音。)可知,巴基鲸的听力结构可能和陆地哺乳动物一样,但现代鲸目动物是海洋哺乳生物,故A项“听力结构”错误;第三段最后两句指出IthasbeensuggestedthatPakicetusfedonfishinshallowwaterandwasnotyetadaptedforlifeintheopenocean.Itprobablybredandgavebirthonland.(据推测,巴基鲸以浅水鱼类为食,尚未适应在开阔的海洋中生活。它可能在陆地上繁殖和繁殖。)可知,巴基鲸并不能在海中生活更别说潜水,而且它们在陆地上繁殖,现代鲸目动物并不能在陆地上繁殖,所以B项“对潜水的适应能力”和D项“繁殖地点”均错误。因此,该题选择C项正确。

60.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“龙王鲸的后肢是一个重要的发现,因为它表明龙王鲸……”。根据题干关键词hindleg可定位到文章最后两句Suchlegswouldhavebeenfartoosmalltohavesupportedthe50-foot-longBasilosaurusonland.Basilosauruswasundoubtedlyafullymarinewhalewithpossiblynonfunctional,orvestigial,hindlegs.(这样的后肢太小了,根本无法在陆地上支撑50英尺长的龙王鲸。龙王鲸无疑是一种完全的海洋鲸鱼,有着可能没有功能或退化的后腿。),由此可推测,龙王鲸因为后肢太小而不能支撑自己的身体,所以它不能在陆地上行走,是一种完全的海洋生物,所以D项“不能在陆地上行走”正确;A项“生活的时期比陆行鲸晚”,最后一段并未提及龙王鲸和陆行鲸生活的时期先后的比较,所以A项并不能从文中推断出来;B项“和巴基鲸生活在同一时期”,最后一段提到Thiswhalelivedaround40millionyearsago,12millionyearsafterPakicetus.(这种鲸鱼生活在大约4000万年前,比巴基鲸晚1200万年。)可知,B项与原文不符;C项“游的很好”,文中虽然说龙王鲸是一种完全的海洋生物,但是并没有信息可以推敲出它游的很好,C项过度推断。因此,该题选择D项正确。

61.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“可以推断,龙王鲸是在以下哪个地点繁殖和分娩的?”。文章最后一句指出Basilosauruswasundoubtedlyafullymarinewhalewithpossiblynonfunctional,orvestigial,hindlegs.(龙王鲸无疑是一种完全的海洋鲸鱼,有着可能没有功能或退化的后腿。)可知,龙王鲸是在海洋里面生活的,A项“在陆地上”和B项“陆上和海上都有”因此错误;文章并没有强调或者提及龙王鲸到底是生活在海洋的浅水区还是深水区,所以只能推断龙王鲸是在海洋环境中繁殖和分娩的,D项“在海洋环境中”正确,C项“在浅水区”太片面。因此,该题选择D项正确。

7.单选题

Somescientistsaredubiousoftheclaimthatorganisms(

)withageasaninevitableoutcomeofliving.

问题1选项

A.depress

B.default

C.deteriorate

D.degrade

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。depress“压抑,使沮丧”;default“不履行,拖欠”;deteriorate“恶化,变坏”;degrade“退化,使…降级”。句意:有机物随时间流逝而退化,这也是生命不可避免的结果,一些科学家对此表示怀疑。D项符合题意,答案D

8.单选题

Thecommissionwouldfinditself()ateveryturnifitsmemberscouldn’treachanagreement.

问题1选项

A.collided

B.displeased

C.crumbled

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】collided碰撞,冲突;displeased生气的;crumbled破碎的;hampered受阻的。句意:如果委员们不能达成协议,委员会就会处处受阻。选项D符合句意。

9.单选题

Revolutionsareoftencausedwhenthelegitimacyofagovernmentisquestionedbythepeople.

问题1选项

A.validity

B.effectiveness

C.bureaucracy

D.prejudice

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当政府的……受到人民的质疑时,革命事件就会爆发。validity“(法律上的)有效,合法性”;effectiveness“有效”;bureaucracy“官僚主义";prejudice“偏见”。根据“ofagovernment”可以推测出划线单词的意思是“合法性”,选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

Thefarmisamajormarketplaceformillionsoftonsofsyntheticfertilizersandpesticides,andforadvancedmachineryandthefuelrequiredtorunit.Themodemsuper-farm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.Ondiversifiedfarms,majorenergyneedsmaybesuppliedbyresidenthumansandanimals.Soilfertilitymaybemaintainedbyalternatingcashcropsandrestorativecrops,andalsobyreturninganimalmanuretothesoil.Thisfarmingmodelofrelativelyself-sufficientagriculture,andthewayoflifeassociatedwithit,arestilleconomicallyviable,asdemonstratedbyprosperousAmishfarmersandotherpractitionersof“alternative”agriculture.Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagriculturearetheenergy-savingpracticesonlarge“organic”farms,whicharethoroughlymechanizedbutwhichminimizetheuseofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.Whenfossilenergywascheap,applicationsoffertilizersandpesticidespaidlargedividends,sofarmerswereencouragedtousetheseproducts.Soonmostfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide.Farmersindryregionsenjoyedaneraofcheapwater,obtainedfrompubliclysubsidizedirrigationsystemsorfrompumpinggroundwaterusinginexpensiveenergy.ThesoiltoowasexpendableasdemandgrewforU.S.agriculturalproducts.

Theperiodofextraordinaryprofligacyintheuseofsoil,water,andfossilfuelsmaywellbeatanend.Thenewstructureoflargefarmsisquitesensitivetocostfactors.Theseadaptivefarms,whosedevelopmentwasassistedbypublictax,subsidy,andresearchpolicies,haveaccesstocapital,technologies,andmanagementskills,enablingthemtoswitchrelativelyquicklytoresource-conservingpractices—forexample,toalow-tillagesystemthatrequireslessfuel,thatshepherdssoilmoisture,andthatmayreducesoilerosion.Itseemslikelythatfederalprogramsthathaveenlargedourfarms,therefore,havehadafurtherresultofcreatingthepotentialforamoreconservingagriculture.Withrespecttoenergyuse,forexample,energycostsperunitofoutputarelowerforlargefarms,mainlybecausethesefarmsquicklyeconomizedonenergyascostsrose.Inthefuture,accordingtooneauthoritativeassessment,“agriculturalproductionislikelytousecapitalandlandmoreintensivelybutenergy,fertilizerandlaborlessintensively”.

1.Themaindifferencebetweenthemodemsuper-farmanddiversifiedfarmsliesin()

2.Thesecondparagraphfocusesonthefactthat()

3.Theword‘profligacy’inParagraphThreemostprobablymeans()

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

5.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheproblemofresourceconservationinagriculture()

问题1选项

A.theirsizes

B.themachineryemployed

C.thedegreeofdependenceonresources

D.thekindsofcropscultivatedandanimalsraised

问题2选项

A.fossilenergywasonceverycheap

B.farmsindryareascouldgetcheapwater

C.mostAmericanfarmersusedtoomuchfertilizerandpesticide

D.mainstreamAmericanagricultureusedtobewastefulofenergy,waterandland

问题3选项

A.wastefulness

B.carefulness

C.profitability

D.economy

问题4选项

A.Thefarmingmodelandthewayoflifeondiversifiedfarmsareworkable.

B.Large‘organic’farmsuselargeamountsofpesticidesandsyntheticfertilizers.

C.Thenewadaptivefarmsarecapableofresource-conservingpractices.

D.Toreducesoilerosionisaresource-conservingpractice.

问题5选项

A.hasbeensolvedintheU.S.

B.hasnotyetbeenpaidanyattention

C.isbeingseriouslyandeffectivelydealtwith

D.willsoonbesolvedbyusingmorecapitalandland

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段的第二句“Themodemsuperfarm,largeandhighlycapitalized,isresourcedependentcomparedwiththediversifiedsmallfarmsthatwereoncedominant.”现代超级农场规模大、高度资本化,与曾经占主导地位的多样化的小型农场相比,资源依赖性强。因此,两者的不同主要在于资源依赖的程度不同。选项C正确。

2.判断推理题。根据第二段的第一句“Bycomparison,mainstreamAmericanagriculturehasuntillatelybeencarelessinitsuseofenergy,water,andland.”相比之下,直到最近,美国主流农业在能源、水和土地的使用上还很粗心。接下来,作者分别从能源、水和土壤三方面描述了浪费的现象,所以选项D正确。

3.词义题。第三段的首句是承接上一段的内容,第二段主要是讲美国农业对土壤、水和化石燃料的浪费。所以profligacy指wastefulness,选项A正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第一段最后一句“Particularlyrelevanttotoday’smainstreamagricultureare...syntheticfertilizers.”与今天的主流农业特别相关的是大型“有机”农场的节能做法,这些农场完全机械化,能够最大限度地减少农药和合成肥料的使用。所以选项B表述错误。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段的内容可知农业资源保护问题正在得到认真有效的解决。选项C正确。

11.单选题

Somebiologistsarguethateachspecificallyhumantraitmusthavearisengraduallyanderratical-ly,andthatitisthereforedifficulttoisolatedefinite()intheevolutionofspecies.

问题1选项

A.fluctuations

B.manifestations

C.predispositions

D.milestones

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析。句意:一些生物学家认为每种特定的人类特征都是逐渐地、不规则地形成的,因此很难隔离出物种进化过程中明确的()。

fluctuations变动,起伏现象;manifestations显示,证明;predispositions倾向,素质;milestones里程碑。前半句“每种人类特征都是逐渐地产生的”,可知难以将其发展过程分离开,空格以及空格前的“definite”一起应该表示明确的标志,选项D“里程碑”符合句意。

12.单选题

Thesignificanceofmagazinesamongcontemporarymediaissometimes()underestimated.

问题1选项

A.profoundly

B.radically

C.graphically

D.grossly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。profoundly深刻地;radically根本上,彻底地;graphically以书画形式;grossly很,非常。空格处填一个副词修饰underestimated,能修饰“低估”只有D项。grosslyunderestimated极大地被低估。graphicallyunderestimated彻底被低估,过于绝对。句意:杂志在当代媒体中的意义有时被极大地低估了。

13.问答题

Inspiteof(A)hisaged(B)appearance,hismovementswereasspirited(C)asayoungman(D).

【答案】试题答案:D;ayoungman’s

【解析】考查比较级。as...as意为“与……一样”,hismovements(他的动作)不能与ayoungman(年轻人)进行比较,应与ayoungman’smovements比较,为了避免重复,此处可将ayoungman’smovements中的movements省略,改为ayoungman's。

14.单选题

Beingborninthesummercouldgiveyouasunnydispositionforlife.Andawinterbirthdaymightcastapermanentshadow______yourhappiness,scientistsbelieve.

问题1选项

A.through

B.cross

C.beneath

D.over

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。castapermanentshadowover…“给……投上阴影;使减弱”。句意:出生在夏天可以给你的生活一个阳光的性格。科学家们认为,冬季的生日可能会给你的幸福蒙上永久的阴影。因此选项D符合题意。

15.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingfiveunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

Warningandothersignsblamedfortwomillionaccidents

NearlytwomilliondriversintheUKhavehadaccidentsdueto“BabyOnBoard”signsandchildren'stoysthatobscuretheirview,accordingtoalarmingnewresearch.

Onein20motoristssaysstickersandplaytimeparaphernaliaaretoblameforacollision-equivalentto1.85millionofBritain's37milliondrivers.

1.TherevelationtriggeredawarningbyroadsafetycharityBraketocutdownonclutterinthecar.

DeputychiefexecutiveJulieTownsendsaid“BabyOnBoard”signsareusefulinalertingtheemergencyservicesthatachildmaybeinvolvedintheeventofacrash.

“Thishelpcanbecomeahindranceifdriversdisplaysignswhentheirchildisn'tinthevehicle,”shesaid.

2.“Worsestillisthedangerthatcanbeposedbydriversblockingouttheirviewbystainingwindowswithlotsofsign.”

“Drivers1priorityshouldalwaysbegettingtheresafelywithoutputtingthemselves,youngpassengersorotherroadusersatrisk.”

3.AsurveycommissionedbypricecomparisonwebsiteCfoundthat37percentofparentshavedisplayedsignsandfouroutoffiveofthembelievetheyimprovesafety

4.But46percentadmitdoingsoatalltimes—regardlessofwhetherornottheirchildisinthecar—and15percentconfesstheyonlyhavethemfortheirnoveltyvalue.

Thepollof2,000driversalsofoundthat46percentofdriversregardthemasahazardand33percentsaytheyaretacky.

“Therearebenefitsanddangersto“BabyonBoard”signs.5.Theycanofferusefulinformationfornursesinthecaseofacrashbuthavingtoomanynoveltyitemsdisplayedcouldbeasafetyissue,”saidaConfused,comspokesman.

【答案】1.因此,道路交通安全慈善机构Brake提醒大家清理车辆的相关物品。

2.“更糟的是,如果车主在车窗上散乱地贴了很多车贴,会妨碍视线,造成危险。”

3.比价网站C开展的一项调查发现,37%的父母使用了车贴,其中4/5相信这能使行驶更安全。

4.但有46%的受访者承认,不管孩子在没在车里,他们都会使用车贴,还有15%承认自己这样做只是因为新奇有趣。

5.在遇到交通事故时,这种车贴可以为医护人员提供有用的信息,但如果车上贴了太多花里胡哨的车贴,就会造成安全隐患了。”

16.单选题

IndescribingtheIndiansofthevarioussectionsoftheUnitedStatesatdifferentstagesintheirhistory,someofthefactorswhichaccountfortheirsimilarityamiddifferencecanbereadilyaccountedfor,othersaredifficultto(

).

问题1选项

A.refine

B.discern

C.embed

D.cluster

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项refine“精炼;改善”;B选项discern“觉察出;识别”;C选项embed“栽种;使嵌入”;D选项cluster“使聚集”。句意:在描述不同历史阶段美国不同地区的印第安人时,一些说明印第安人差异中的相似处的因素可以很容易地加以说明,另一些就难以……。由此可知,我们需要找出的是accountfor的同义词,选项中只有B选项意义接近,因此B选项符合题意。

17.单选题

Elaine,Justin’smom,hadsetdownthehouseruleswithself-confidentassurance.Onlythemostobtusepersonwouldhavefailedtounderstand:notattoos,nobodypiercingsandnoco-edsleepoverswhilelivinginthehouseofElaineTuckerBrown.Still,thedayJustinturned18,heliedtohismotheraboutwherehewasgoingandheadedstraighttothetattooparlor,asifimpervioustohismother’swrath.Hegotalightblueheart,thesizeofanorangepermanentlyetchedonhisarm.Abovethisworkofartwastheword“Blessed”.No,Justinwasnotstupid,buthewasobstinate.Elainesawthisasanactofsheerdefiance.Shewasincensed,herangerexacerbatedbythefactthatJustinhadbreezedintothehouse,foundherinthekitchen,takenoffhisshirtwithasmileandsaid,“Gotit!”“No,Justin.Letmetellwhatyou'vegot,”Elainesaidangrily.“You'vegotfiveminutestogoupstairsandpackabag.IamtakingyoutoPop-Pop's.”TheridetoPop-Pop’shousewaschilly,tosaytheleast.ElaineberatedJustinforeverythingshecouldthinkof,whichwasn’tmuchbecausehewasastraightAseniorwithafullacademicscholarshiptohistopcollegepick.Hehadakindheartandstartedafoundationintheninthgrade,whichdonatedusedsportingequipmenttounderprivilegedkidsinSouthAfrica.Elainepulleduptoherfather’sdoorandorderedJustinout.Not10minuteslater,hercellphonerang.“Elaine,haveyoulostit?Youarekickingaboyasgoodashimoutthehouseforatattoo-thatsays‘Blessed’,noless?”herfatherasked,incredulous.“Youwillmisshimsomuch.Don’tcutoffyournosetospiteface,Elaine.Comepickthisyoungmanup.”Elaine,havinggrownupobeyingmostofherparents’demands,turnedhercararoundandwentbacktopickupherson.Justinwassurprisinglycontrite.“Sorryforbeingsodisrespectful,Mom,”hesaidearnestly.“Iwilltrytofollowhouserulesfromnowon.”

1.Whattitlewouldbestfitthispassage?

2.WhatwasJustin’sattitudewhenheshowedhismotherthetattoo?

3.WhichofthefollowingdetailsdoesnotmakethereadersympathetictoJustin?

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationoftheunderlinedidiomintheparagraph?

问题1选项

A.“HouseRules”

B.“VisitingPop-Pop”

C.“StraightA’s”

D.“BodyPiercings”

问题2选项

A.cautiouslyjubilant

B.willfullydefiant

C.convincinglycontrite

D.noticeablymelodramatic

问题3选项

A.Heisdescribedasobstinate.

B.Heisportrayedaskind-hearted.

C.HeisdescribedasastraightAstudent.

D.Heisdescribedasreceivingafullscholarshiptocollege.

问题4选项

A.Callingsomethingbadthatisnot.

B.Tryingtoteachsomethingtoodifficult.

C.Lovingapersonlessforwhathehasdone.

D.Pursuingrevengeandhurtingyourselfintheprocess.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Whattitlewouldbestfitthispassage?1.什么标题最适合这篇文章?

A.“HouseRules”A.“家规”

B.“VisitingPop-Pop”B.“拜访爷爷”

C.“StraightA’s”C.“优等生”

D.“BodyPiercings”D.“身体穿刺”

【考查点】主旨大意题。

【解题思路】根据文章首尾两句“贾斯汀的妈妈伊莱恩自信满满地定下了家里的规矩”,以及“从现在开始,我会尽量遵守家里的规矩”,可以知道,首尾两句都提到了houserules(家规)这个词语,可见本文主要是围绕家规展开的。故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】B项“‘拜访爷爷’”、C项“‘优等生’”和D项“‘身体穿刺’”都是文中的细节,不是主旨,属于以偏概全。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.WhatwasJustin’sattitudewhenheshowedhismotherthetattoo?2.当贾斯汀给他妈妈看纹身时,他是什么态度?

A.cautiouslyjubilantA.谨慎地高兴

B.willfullydefiantB.故意挑衅

C.convincinglycontriteC.令人信服地忏悔

D.noticeablymelodramaticD.引人注目地夸张

【考查点】观点态度题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章第六、七、八句“不,贾斯汀不笨,但他很固执(obstinate)。伊莱恩认为这是公然的挑衅(anactofsheerdefiance)。她被激怒了,贾斯汀轻快地走进房子(Justinhadbreezedintothehouse),发现她在厨房里,他脱下了衬衫,微笑着(withasmile)说,‘知道了!’”,由Justinhadbreezedintothehouse(贾斯汀轻快地走进房子)和withasmile(带着微笑)可以看出,贾斯汀的态度是任性固执又带有挑衅的,B项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“谨慎地高兴”和D项“引人注目地夸张”根据解题思路可知,该两项不符合原文,属于曲解原文;

C项“令人信服地忏悔”,是贾斯汀去了爷爷家之后的态度,不复合题干,属于张冠李戴。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.WhichofthefollowingdetailsdoesnotmakethereadersympathetictoJustin?3.以下哪一个细节不能让读者同情贾斯汀?

A.Heisdescribedasobstinate.A.他被描述为固执。

B.Heisportrayedaskind-hearted.B.他被描绘成一个善良的人。

C.HeisdescribedasastraightAstudent.C.他被描述成一个优等生。

D.Heisdescribedasreceivingafullscholarshiptocollege.D.他获得了大学全额奖学金。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据原文可知,贾斯汀是一个心地善良的人,每门学科都拿A,获得了全额奖学金,这些都是他的优点,能够引起读者的同情,但他固执这一点,无法引起读者的同情,所以本题选A项“他被描述为固执”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】B项“他被描绘成一个善良的人”、C项“他被描述成一个优等生”和D项“他获得了大学全额奖学金”,根据解题思路可知,这三项都是让读者同情的地方,属于反向干扰。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebestinterpretationoftheunderlinedidiomintheparagraph?4.下面哪一项是对段落中划线习语的最佳诠释?

A.Callingsomethingbadthatisnot.A.说一些并不坏的事情。

B.Tryingtoteachsomethingtoodifficult.B.试图教一些太难的东西。

C.Lovingapersonlessforwhathehasdone.C.爱一个人不是因为他所做的事。

D.Pursuingrevengeandhurtingyourselfintheprocess.D.在报复的过程中伤害了自己。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位到划线句子所在处,即文章倒数第五句“不要割下自己的鼻子来和脸过不去(Don’tcutoffyournosetospiteface)”,结合上下文语境:贾斯汀因为纹身惹恼了妈妈,妈妈生气地把车开到爷爷家,将贾斯汀赶下车自己走了。爷爷打来电话告诉贾斯汀的妈妈:这么优秀的孩子,你会十分想念他的。由此可以推断,划线句意为不要为了报复反而伤害了自己。选项D符合原文。

【干扰项排除】A项“说一些并不坏的事情”、B项“试图教一些太难的东西”和C项“爱一个人不是因为他所做的事”根据解题思路可知,属于曲解原文。

18.单选题

Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,unalloyed,objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplex

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