考研考博-英语-山西警官职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西警官职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Theengineersinthislabspentseveralweeks（）theirplansforthenewbicycle.

问题1选项

A.counting

B.stripping

C.elaborating

D.casting

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项count“计数，计算”。B选项strip“剥夺，剥去”。C选项elaborate“精心制作，详细阐述”。D选项cast“投，抛”。句意：这个实验室的工程师们花了几个星期的时间来详细制定他们的新自行车计划。根据句意可知，C项正确。

2.单选题

Theteachersaidthathewouldn’ttolerate______lateeveryday.

问题1选项

A.formetoarrive

B.mearrived

C.metoarrive

D.myarriving

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词用法。句意：老师说他不能容忍我每天迟到。toleratesth.意为“忍受某事”；toleratedoingsth.意为“忍受继续做相同的事”；toleratetodosth.意为“忍受做另一件事”，所以D选项myarriving作宾语符合题意。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

In2005,PresidentBushputhispoliticalcapitalwherehismouthwas,andlost.Hewentall-outto()CongressandtheAmericanpeoplethatprivatizingSocialSecuritywouldbegoodandnecessary.

问题1选项

A.argue

B.concede

C.convince

D.confess

【答案】C

【解析】句意：2005年，布什总统把他的政治资本一直挂在嘴边，结果失败了。他竭尽全力让国会和美国人民相信，将社会保障私有化是好的也是必要的。argue争论、证明；concede允许，承认；convince说服，使确信；confess供认，忏悔。选项C符合句意。

4.单选题

Herlaterwritingsolackedsubtletythatitalmostreadlikea______ofherearlierwork.

问题1选项

A.parley

B.paranoia

C.parody

D.parole

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A项parley“谈判，会谈”，B项paranoia“偏执狂，妄想狂”，C项parody“拙劣的模仿，诙谐的改编诗文”，D项parole“言语，誓言，诺言”。由Herlaterwritingsolackedsubtlety“她后来的作品缺乏精妙之处”，结合so…that…“如此……以至于……”的逻辑可知，a______ofherearlierwork表示“早期作品的拙劣模仿”符合语境。句意：她后来的作品缺乏精妙之处，读起来几乎像是对她早期作品的拙劣模仿。因此，该题选择C项正确。

5.翻译题

根据最新统计，67%的美国人能上网，该比例是中国的6倍。尽管互联网作用巨大，但许多问题远远没有解决，如：病毒侵入和信息安全。即使这些问题最终有可能得到解决，也需要艰辛的努力和多年时间。

【答案】答：

Accordingtothelateststatistics,67%oftheU.S.populationhaveaccesstotheInternet,whichissixtimesthatofChina.DespitetheinfluentialroleoftheInternet,manyproblemsarefarfromsettled,suchastheinvasionofvirusesandinformationsecurity.Evenifitispossibletofindfinalsolutions,itwilltakepainstakingeffortsandmanyyears.

6.单选题

Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossess,iftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnittokeepawayfromthefirethathadburnthimorherbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexist——isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.

Inourfirstsentencewesuggestedthatfearoughttobeproperlyused.If,forexample,younevergooutofyourhousebecauseofthedangerofbeingknockeddownandkilledinthestreetbyacar,youarelettingfearruleyoutoomuch.Eveninyourhouseyouarenotabsolutelysafe;anairplanemycrashonyourhouse,orantsmayearawaysomeofthebeamsinyourroofsothatthelatterfallsonyou,oryoumaygetcancer!

Theimportantthingsarenottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.Fearwillwarmyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake.Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youseeacarcomingstraighttowardsyou;fearwarnsyou;youjumpoutoftheway,andalliswell.

Insomecases,however,youdecidethatthereisnothingthatyoucandotoavoidthedanger.Forexample,youcannotpreventanairplanecrashingontoyourhouse.Inthiscase,fearhasgivenyouitswarning;youhaveexamineditanddecidedonyourcourseofaction,sofearofthisparticulardangerisnolongerofanyusetoyou,andyouhavetotrytoovercomeit.

1.Childrenwouldplaywithfireuntiltheirhandswereburntawayif（）.

2.Areallyfearlesssoldier（）..

3.Fearshouldbeusedproperlybecause（）.

4.Peoplesometimessucceedintimelyavoidingdangerbecause（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedbutnotstated?

问题1选项

A.theyweregivennowarningbeforehand

B.theyhadneverburntthemselves

C.theyhadnosenseofpain

D.theywerefearfulofthefire

问题2选项

A.isoflittleusetothearmy

B.iswithoutequal

C.isnothingbutadeadsoldier

D.easilygetskilledinabattle

问题3选项

A.anairplanemaycrashonyourhouse

B.youmaygetcancer

C.fearcanonlybeusedasaservantandguide

D.menarenowlettingfearrulethemtoomuch

问题4选项

A.theyhavegainedexperience

B.theyjumpoutofthewayintime

C.theyarecalminfaceofdanger

D.theyarewarnedofthedangerandcantakequickaction

问题5选项

A.Fearisalwayssomethinghelpful

B.Toomuchfearisharmful.

C.Fearoughttobeusedasservantandguide.

D.Fearissomethingunprofitable.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干意为:什么情况下，孩子们会玩火直到手被烧掉？第一段指出:Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway(如果火在燃烧时，没有受伤，小孩子会玩火，直到手被烧掉)。因此，在“没有受伤”即“他们没有疼痛感”的情况下，小孩子会玩火直到手被烧掉。因此C项正确。

2.细节事实题。题干为:真正无畏的战士是怎么样的？根据题干定位至第一段:Areallyfearlesssoldierandsomedoexist——isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy（真正无畏的战士确实有些存在——不一定是好战士，因为他很快被杀掉；逝去的战士对于军队是无济于事的）。对比四个选项，D项“在战场上容易被杀”正确。

3.细节事实题。题干为:为什么恐惧应该被恰当使用？第二段指出:如果因为担心被车撞倒或撞死而不出门，那么，恐惧就过分统治了你。因为，即使在家里，也不绝对安全，可能飞机会撞毁你的房屋，可能你会得癌症等。因此D选项“现在人们被恐惧过分控制了”正确。

4.细节事实题。题干为:人们有时会及时避开危险，是因为什么?第三段指出:Fearwillwarmyouofdangers;thenyouhavetodecidewhatactiontotake(恐惧会警告你处于危险中，然后你得决定采取何种措施)。Inmanycases,youcantakequickandsuccessfulactiontoavoidthedanger(有些情况下，你可以采取迅速而且成功的措施以避开危险)。因此“他们被警告处于危险中，并能采取紧急措施”正确。

5.判断推理题。题干意为:下列哪项是从文中暗示得出而不是直接陈述出来的？A:恐惧总是有帮助的。B:过分的恐惧有害。C:恐惧应该被利用为仆人所知道。D:恐惧是无益的。文章提倡要恰当使用恐惧，这样它就会对我们有用，但是，不要让恐惧过分地统治我们。因此，A选项跟D选项过于绝对。C项已经在第三段明确提出。B项可以被推断出，而且正确。

7.单选题

Acycleridewalkorswimatleastthreetimesaweekwill______yourcirculationandhelpmaintainahealthybloom.

问题1选项

A.boost

B.heighten

C.compel

D.renew

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项boost“促进”；B选项heighten“提高”；C选项compel“强迫”；D选项renew“更换；重新开始”。句意：每周至少骑三次自行车，散步或游泳，可以______你的血液循环，帮助保持健康的血液循环。横线处和yourcirculation“你的血液循环”形成动宾关系，只有A选项boost“促进”符合题意。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

The（）inDavid’scharacterhashinderedhimfromadvancinginhiscareer.

问题1选项

A.weakness

B.shortcoming

C.demerit

D.defect

【答案】D

【解析】考查同义名词辨析。A选项weakness“指人性格、品行方面的弱点，或体制、组织、设计等方面的缺陷（强调弱点）”；B选项shortcoming“指某人或某事物所存在的不足或缺陷，通常用复数”；C选项demerit“是很正式的词语，表示事物的缺点”；D选项defect“指事物的缺点或人性格上的缺点，一般指较大的缺点、缺陷。”某某人的shortcoming是可以改的；但是某某人的weakness是需要那个人自己去克服；shortcoming只能用来指人的缺点；weakness可以用在人以外的东西上。句意：大卫性格上的缺陷阻碍了他在事业上的发展。因此D选项正确。

9.单选题

Herparentswantedtochangehermindsotheytriedto______hertotheirwayofthinking.

问题1选项

A.convert

B.alter

C.transfer

D.convey

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项convert“(使)转变，改变”，指改变形式、特性、信仰、观点等；B选项alter“改变，更改”指部分更改，仍保留本质和总体结构；C选项transfer“(使)转移，搬迁，(使)调动”；D选项convey“表达，传递(思想、感情等)”。根据指theirwayofthinking可知选A。句意：她的父母想改变她的想法，所以他们试图让她转变到他们的思维方式。

10.单选题

Wecan’thopetocompetewithotherbigcompanies（

）wehaveinferiorequipmentinourinstallationlinesandtrainingofourworkforce.

问题1选项

A.nevertheless

B.unless

C.if

D.oncondition

【答案】C

【解析】考查连词词义和词组辨析。nevertheless然而；不过；unless除非，如果不；if如果；即使；oncondition只要。根据前后句意推断C项符合题意，答案C。句意：如果我们在安装线上的设备和职工培训方面是较差的，那么我们就不能指望去与其他大公司竞争。

11.单选题

Freshwaterisafiniteandvulnerableresource,essentialtosustainlife,developmentandtheenvironment.

问题1选项

A.likelytofail

B.likelytoaccumulate

C.likelytoimprove

D.likelytoenhance

【答案】A

【解析】考查上下文语义。A选项likelytofail“可能会失败”；B选项likelytoaccumulate“可能会积累”；C选项likelytoimprove“可能会改善”；D选项likelytoenhance“可能会提高”。句意：淡水是有限和____的资源，对维持生命、发展和环境至关重要。根据句意，该词形容的是“淡水资源”，说明淡水的特性，A选项最符合语境，原文vulnerable“易受伤害的；脆弱的”。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

12.单选题

Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlestthey（

）bythelocalbandits.

问题1选项

A.beattacked

B.mustbeattacked

C.wereattacked

D.wouldbeattacked

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。由“lest”引导的目的状语从句，意思是“唯恐，以免”，与之有相同用法的还有“forfearthat/inorderthat/sothat”，谓语动词一般用(should/could/might)+动词原形。因此选项A符合题意。

13.单选题

Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronanelevator,youwillmaketheotherperson（）uncomfortable,andyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.

问题1选项

A.opulently

B.excessively

C.consistently

D.exceedingly

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。opulently“富裕地，丰裕地”；excessively“过分地，极度”,强调的是超过合理范围的；consistently“一贯地，一致地”；exceedingly“极其，非常”，相当于very。句意：如果你在电梯里盯着陌生人看，你会让别人极其不舒服，并且你自己也会觉得很奇怪。选项D符合题意。

14.翻译题

大学之所以有理由存在，是因为它使老少两代人在富于想象力的学习中，保持了知识与生活热情之间的联系。大学提供信息，但它是富于想象地提供信息。至少，这是它应该为社会发挥的作用。一所大学如果做不到这一点，就没有理由存在。富于想象的思维可以营造出一种令人兴奋的氛围，而这种氛围又可以转化知识。事实不再只是纯粹的事实，它被赋予了种种可能性。它不再是记忆的负担，而是充满活力，犹如能描绘我们梦境的诗人，能实现我们意图的建筑师。

【答案】Thejustificationforauniversityisthatitpreservestheconnectionbetweenknowledgeandthezestoflife,byunitingtheyoungandtheoldintheimaginativeconsiderationoflearning.Theuniversityimpartsinformation,butitimpartsitimaginatively.Atleast,thisisthefunctionwhichitshouldperformforsociety.Auniversitywhichfailsinthisrespecthasnoreasonforexistence.Thisatmosphereofexcitement,arisingfromimaginativeconsideration,transformsknowledge.Afactisnolongerabarefact:itisinvestedwithallitspossibilities.Itisnolongeraburdenonthememory:itisenergizingasthepoetofourdreams,andasthearchitectofourpurposes.

15.不定项选择题

SoutheastAsiahasauniqueabundanceanddiversityofglidinganimals,flyingsquirrels,flyingfrogs,andflyinglizardswithwingsofskinthatenablethemtoglidethroughthetropicalforest.Whatcouldbetheexplanationforthegreatdiversityinthisregionandthescarcityofsuchanimalsinothertropicalforests?Glidinghasgenerallybeenviewedaseitherameansofescapingpredators,byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources.ButwhatisspecialaboutSoutheastAsianrainforests?

ScientistshaveproposedvarioustheoriestoexplainthediversityofglidinganimalsinSoutheastAsia.Thefirsttheorymightbecalledthetall-treeshypothesis.TheforestsofSoutheastAsiaaretallerthanforestselsewhereduetothedominationofthedipterocarp(龙脑香料树)family:afamilyoftall,tropicalhardwoodtrees.Tallertreescouldallowforlongerglidesandtheopportunitytobuildupspeedinadivebeforegliding.Thelowerwindspeedsintall-treeforestsmightalsocontributebyprovidingamoreadvantageoussituationforglidingbetweentrees.Thisargumenthasseveralflaws,however.First,glidinganimalsarefoundthroughouttheSoutheastAsianregion,eveninrelativelyshort-statureforestsfoundinthenorthernrangeoftherainforestinChina,Vietnam,andThailand.Someglidersalsothriveinlowsecondaryforests,plantations,andevencityparks.Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.

Asecondtheory,whichwemightcallthebroken-foresthypothesis,speculatesthatthetoplayeroftheforest-thetreecanopyhasfewerwoodyvinesconnectingtreecrownsinSoutheastAsianforeststhaninNewWorldandAfricanforests.Asaresult,animalsmustriskdescendingtothegroundorglidetomovebetweentrees.Inaddition,thetreecanopyispresumedtobemoreuneveninheightinAsianforests,duetothepresenceofthetalldipterocarptreeswithlowertreesbetweenthem,againfavoringglidinganimals.Yetecologistswhoworkindifferentregionsoftheworldobservetremendouslocalvariationintreeheight,canopystructure,andabundanceofvines,dependingonthesiteconditionsofsoil,climate,slopeelevation,andlocaldisturbance.OnecanfindmanylocationsinSoutheastAsiawherethereareabundantwoodyvinesandnumerousconnectionsbetweentreesandsimilarlymanyAmazonianforestswithfewwoodyvines.

Afinaltheorydiffersfromtheothersinsuggestingthatitisthepresenceofdipterocarptreesthemselvesthatisdrivingtheevolutionofglidingspecies.(A)Accordingtothisview.Dipterocarpforestscanbefood-desertsfortheanimalsthatliveinthem.(B)Theanimalslivingindipterocarpforeststhathaveevolvedglidingconsistoftwomainfeedinggroups:leafeatersandcarnivoresthatcatsmallpreysuchasinsectsandsmallvertebrates.(C)Forleaf-eatinggliderstheproblemisnottheabsenceofanyleavesbutthedesert-likeabsenceofedibleleaves.Dipterocarptreesoftenaccountfor50percentormoreofthetotalnumberofcanopytreesinaforestandover95percentofthelargetrees,yetdipterocarpleavesareunavailabletomostvertebrateplanteatersbecauseofthehighconcentrationoftoxicchemicalsintheirleaves.(D)Manyspeciesofglidinganimalsavoideatingdipterocarpleavesandsomusttravelwidelythroughtheforest,bypassingthedipterocarptrees,tofindtheleavestheyneedtoeat.Andglidingisamoreefficientmanneroftravelingbetweentreesthandescendingtothegroundandwalkingorelsejumpingbetweentrees.

Manycarnivorousanimalsalsomayneedtosearchmorewidelyforfoodduetothelowerabundanceofinsectsandotherprey.Thisiscausedbydipterocarp’irregularfloweringandfruitingcyclesoftwo-toseven-yearintervals,causingascarcityoftheflowers,fruits,seeds,andseedlingsthatarethestartingpointofsomanyfoodchains.Thelowerabundanceofpreyindipterocarpforestsforcesanimalssuchaslizardsandgeckostomovebetweentreecrownsinsearchoffood,withglidingbeingthemostefficientmeans.

61.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatquestionaboutglidingspeciesareresearcherstryingtoanswer?

62.Accordingtoparagraph1,itisgenerallythoughtthattheabilitytoglideisusefultoforest-dwellingspeciesbecausegliding______.

63.Theword“scattered”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.

64.Allofthefollowingarementionedinparagraph2insupportofthetall-treeshypothesisEXCFPT:______.

65.SelecttheTWOanswerchoicesthatpointtoflawsinthetall-treehypothesis,accordingtoparagraph2.Toreceivecredit,youmustSelectTWOanswers.

问题1选项

A.WhyittookmillionsofyearsforglidinganimalstoevolveinthetropicalforestsofSoutheastAsia.

B.Whyglidinganimals,thoughrareinmosttropicalforests,haveevolvedinsomanydifferentfamiliesinSoutheastAsia.

C.WhyglidinganimalevolvedinmanytropicalforestsinSoutheastAsiabeforetheyevolvedinanyofthetropicalforestselsewhereintheworld.

D.Whyglidinganimalsevolvedonlyintropicalrainforests.

问题2选项

A.allowsthemtoadapttoawidevarietyofforestconditions

B.eliminatestheneedtotravellongdistancesinsearchoffood

C.providesarapid,energy-efficientwayofdescendingfromthetopofatreetotheground

D.enablesthemtomovethroughtheforestwithoutbeingexposedtopredatorsontheground

问题3选项

A.hardtofind

B.seasonallyavailable

C.widelyseparated

D.highlyvaried

问题4选项

A.Talltreesmakelongerglidespossible.

B.Talltreesmakebuildingupspeedinadivepossible.

C.Talltreesmakeglidingfromthemiddleoftreetrunkspossible.

D.Tall-treeforestshavelowerwindspeeds.

问题5选项

A.Manyglidinganimalsareunabletoascendtothetopsoftalltrees.

B.GlidinganimalsarenotevenlydistributedthroughouttheforestsoftheSoutheastAsianregion.

C.InSoutheastAsia,manyglidinganimalsarcfoundinplaceswheretreestendtoberelativelyshort.

D.Manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfrompositionsmidwayupthetrunksoftrees.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C、D

【解析】61.细节判断题。题干意思是“根据第一段，研究人员试图回答关于滑翔物种的什么问题？”。根据第一段中的一个问题Whatcouldbetheexplanationforthegreatdiversityinthisregionandthescarcityofsuchanimalsinothertropicalforests?（如何解释这一地区的物种多样性和其他热带雨林中此类动物的稀缺？），由此可推断，文章第一段想要回答的内容是：尽管其他热带雨林中滑翔动物稀缺，但是为什么在东南亚热带雨林中会衍生出许多滑翔物种呢？故B项“为什么滑翔动物，虽然在大多数热带森林很罕见，在东南亚有这么多不同的家族进化”符合题意。A项“为什么滑翔动物花了数百万年才在东南亚的热带森林中进化”，第一段没有提到滑翔物种进化的时间；C项“为什么滑翔动物在世界其他地方的热带森林中进化之前就在东南亚的许多热带森林中进化”表述与原文不符；D项“为什么滑翔动物只在热带雨林中进化”表述错误，文章第一段指出的是滑翔动物在大多数热带雨林中都稀缺。因此，该题选择B项正确。

62.细节事实题。题干意思是“根据第一段，人们普遍认为滑翔能力对居住在森林里的物种是有用的，因为滑翔……”。根据第一段倒数第二句Glidinghasgenerallybeenviewedaseitherameansofescapingpredators,byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources.（滑翔通常被认为是一种躲避捕食者的方法，因为它可以让动物在树间移动而不会落到地面上，或者是一种在分散的资源之间进行长距离运动的高效能量的方式）可知，滑翔可以使动物躲避捕食者，D项“使它们能够在森林中穿行而不暴露于地面上的捕食者”正确。A项“允许它们适应各种各样的森林条件”没有提及；B项“消除了长途跋涉寻找食物的需要”和C项“提供了一个快速、节能的方式从树的顶部下降到地面”不符合原文。因此，该题选择D项正确。

63.语义推测题。题干意思是“‘scattered’一词在文章中的意思最接近……”。scattered一词出现在第一段第三句byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources（让动物在树间移动而不会落到地面上，或者是一种在分散的资源之间进行长距离运动的高效能量的方式），scatter本义是“使分散，使散开”；根据原文语境推断，这里的意思是“滑翔作为一种省力有效的方式能够使动物在分散的丛林中长途跋涉”，故C项“广泛的分散”符合题意。A项“很难找到”、B项“季节性”和D项“高度多样性”都不正确。因此，该题选择C项正确。

64.细节判断题。题干意思是“在第二段中提到了所有支持‘高大树木假说’的内容，除了……”。根据第二段第四句Tallertreescouldallowforlongerglidesandtheopportunitytobuildupspeedinadivebeforegliding.（树木越高，滑翔的时间越长，在滑翔之前就有机会提高速度）和第五句Thelowerwindspeedsintall-treeforestsmightalsocontributebyprovidingamoreadvantageoussituationforglidingbetweentrees.（高树森林中较低的风速也可能为树木之间的滑翔提供了更有利的条件）可推断，A项“高大的树木使更长时间的滑翔成为可能”、B项“高大的树木使在俯冲中加速成为可能”和D项“高大的森林有较低的风速”都是支持“高大树木假说”的内容；在第二段最后两句提到了“高大树木假说”的不足之处，Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.（显然，滑翔动物的活动不需要高大的树木；此外，许多滑翔动物从树干中间开始滑翔，甚至不爬到树顶起飞），所以C项“高大的树使从树干中间滑行成为可能”是不支持“高大树木假说”。因此，该题选择C项正确。

65.细节推断题。题干意思是“根据第二段，选择两项有关‘高大树木假说’这一理论的不足的描述；要获得分，您必须选择两个答案”。根据题干定位到文章第二段，第二段后半部分讲述了“高大树木假说”的不足：First,glidinganimalsarefoundthroughouttheSoutheastAsianregion,eveninrelativelyshort-statureforestsfoundinthenorthernrangeoftherainforestinChina,Vietnam,andThailand.Someglidersalsothriveinlowsecondaryforests,plantations,andevencityparks.Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.（首先，整个东南亚地区都有滑翔动物，甚至在中国、越南和泰国热带雨林北部的相对矮小的森林中也有。一些滑翔动物也在低矮的次生林、种植园甚至城市公园中茁壮成长。显然，滑翔动物的活动不需要高大的树木。此外，许多滑翔动物从树干中间开始滑翔，甚至不爬到树顶起飞。）由此可得出这一不足之处有两点：第一是在东南亚地区许多滑翔动物被发现生活在树木相对较矮的丛林里，第二是许多滑翔动物不一定爬到树木的顶端开始滑翔，有些也可以从树木的树干中间位置开始滑翔。故C项“在东南亚，许多滑翔动物在树木相对较矮的地方被发现”和D项“许多滑翔动物从树干中间的位置开始滑翔”是正确的。A项“许多能滑翔的动物不能爬到高高的树顶”，第二段没有提到滑翔动物不能爬到高高的树顶，这是无中生有；B项“滑翔动物在东南亚地区的森林中分布不均匀”，这与原文不符，原文提到“整个东南亚地区都有滑翔动物”。因此，该题选择C项和D项正确。

16.不定项选择题

Althoughmanycompaniesoffertuitionreimbursement(返还),mostcompaniesonlyreimburseemployeesforclassesthatarerelevanttotheirposition.Thisisaverylimitingpolicy.Acompanythatreimbursesemployeesforallcollegecreditcourses—whetherjobrelatedornot—offersaservicenotonlytotheemployees,buttotheentirecompany.

Onegoodreasonforgivingemployeesunconditionaltuitionreimbursementisthatitshowsthecompany’sdedicationtoitsemployees.Intoday’seconomy,wherejobsecurityisathingofthepastandemployeesfeelmoreandmoreexpendableitisimportantforacompanytodemonstratetoitsemployeesthatitcares.Thebestwaytodothisiswithconcreteinvestmentsinthem.

Inturn,thisdedicationtothebettermentofcompanyemployeeswillcreategreateremployeeloyalty.Acompanythatputsoutfundstopayfortheeducationofitsemployeeswillgetitsmoneybackbyhavingemployeesstaywiththecompanylonger.Itwillreduceemployeeturnover(流动),becauseevenemployeeswhodon’ttakeadvantageofthetuitionreimbursementprogramwillbemoreloyaltotheircompanyjustknowingthattheircompanycaresenoughtopayfortheireducation.

Mostimportantly,thecompanythathasanunrestrictedtuitionreimbursementprogramwillhavehigherqualityemployees.Althoughthesecompaniesdoindeedruntheriskoflosingmoneyonemployeeswhogoontoanotherjobinadifferentcompanyassoonastheygettheirdegree,moreoftenthannot,theemployeewillstaywiththecompany.Andevenifemployeesdoleaveaftergraduation,itgenerallytakesseveralyearstocompleteanydegreeprogram.Thus,eveniftheemployeeleavesupongraduating,throughoutthoseyears,theemployerwillhaveamoresophisticated;moreintelligent,andthereforemorevaluableandproductiveemployee.Andiftheemployeestays,thateducationwilldoublybenefitthecompany:Notonlyistheemployeemoreeducated,butnowthatemployeecanbepromotedsothecompanydoesn’thavetofillahigh-levelvacancyfromtheoutside.Openpositionscanbefilledbypeoplewhoalreadyknowthecompanywell.

Thoughunconditionaltuitionreimbursementrequiresasignificantinvestmentontheemployer’spart,itisperhapsoneofthewisestinvestmentsacompanycanmake.

1.Ascanbelearnedfromthepassage,tuitionreimbursementmeansthat________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,unconditionaltuitionreimbursementisgoodforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

3.Thepassagesuggeststhat,comparedtoemployeesofcompaniesthatofferunconditionaltuitionreimbursement,employeesofcompaniesthatdonotofferthisbenefitare________.

4.Themainideaofthepassageisthat________.

问题1选项

A.companiesprovidefreeeducationprogramsfortheiremployees

B.companiespayfortheeducationoftheiremployees’offspring

C.employeescangeteducationfinancedbytheiremployer

D.employeescangeteducationiftheypromisenottoquit

问题2选项

A.Employeesgetacheapereducation.

B.Employeesbecomemorevaluable.

C.Employeescanchangetheirjobs.

D.Employeesbecomemoredutiful.

问题3选项

A.lessloyal

B.morelikelytobedismissed

C.notassmart

D.moredifficulttomanage

问题4选项

A.companiesshouldreimburseemployeesforwork-relatedcourses

B.bothcompaniesandemployeeswouldbenefitfromunconditionaltuitionreimbursement

C.companiesshouldrequiretheiremployeestotakecollegecourses

D.bothcompaniesandemployeesshouldbecommittedtoachievingthesamegoal

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。根据题干定位到第三段第二句Acompanythatputsoutfundstopayfortheeducationofitsemployeeswillgetitsmoneybackbyhavingemployeesstaywiththecompanylonger.（一个为员工提供教育资金的公司可以通过让员工在公司呆更长时间来收回资金。）答案选C“雇员得到教育可以从雇主那得到资金支持”。A选项“公司为雇员提供免费的教育计划”；B选项“公司为员工的后代教育付钱”；D选项“员工保证不辞职的话，雇员就能得到教育”不符合题意。

第2题:推理判断题。根据题干定位到第三段第一句Inturn,thisdedicationtothebettermentofcompanyemployeeswillcreategreateremployeeloyalty.（反过来，这种对改善公司员工的奉献将创造更大的员工忠诚度。）由此可以推断答案选D“员工变得更加本分”。A选项“员工会获得便宜的教育”；B选项“员工变得更加有价值”；C选项“员工会换自己的工作”这些都不符合题意。

第3题:推理判断题。根据题干定位第三段第二句话Itwillreduceemployeeturnover（流动），becauseevenemployeeswhodon’ttakeadvantageofthetuitionreimbursementprogramwillbemoreloyaltotheircompanyjustknowingthattheircompanycaresenoughtopayfortheireducation.（这将减少员工流动率，因为即使是员工不利用学费报销计划也会更忠于自己的公司就因为他们知道公司关心他们的教育。）所以答案选A“更不忠诚”；B选项“更可能被解雇”；C选项“没那么聪明”；D选项“更难以掌控”不符合题意。

第4题:主旨大意题。整篇文章都是在说公司为学员付学费的好处，而且从文章最后一段这里可以知道，作者在说服公司为员工提供免费的学习计划，选项B“公司和员工都将受益于无条件的学费报销”正确。A选项“公司应该为员工报销与工作相关的课程”，没有明显的词语劝说公司这样做，所以排除；C选项“公司应该要求他们的员工参加大学课程”；D选项“公司和员工都应该致力于实现同一个目标”排除。

17.单选题

Itwasn'tuntilthelate19thcenturythatphysiciansrealizedthatits_______symptomswereallpartofthesamedisease.

问题1选项

A.perfunctory

B.peremptory

C.perplexing

D.perambulatory

【答案】C

【解析】perfunctory敷衍的;peremptory强制的,专横的;perplexing复杂的,令人困惑的;perambulatory巡视的。句意：直到19世纪末,医生们才意识到,这些令人费解的症状都是同一种疾病的一部分。选项C符合句意。

18.单选题

Peoplearegettingabetterideaoftheneedtoprotect（

）propertyrights.

问题1选项

A.knowledge

B.intelligence

C.intellectual

D.learning

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。intellectualproperty意为“知识产权”。

句意：人们越来越了解到保护知识产权的必要性。

19.单选题

Publicspeakingfillsmostpeoplewithdread.Humiliationisthegreatestfear;self-exposureandfailingtoappealtotheaudiencecomeaclosesecond.Womenhateitmost,sincegirlsarepressurizedfromanearlyagetobeconcernedwithappearancesofallkinds.

Mostpeoplehaveplentyofinsecurities,andthisseemslikeasituationthatwillbringthemout.Ifyouwereunderpressuretobeperfect,youareterrifiedoffallinginthemostpublicofways.

Extroverts,onthecontrary,willfeellessfearbeforetheordeal.Itdoesnotmeantheywillnecessarilydoitbetter.Someveryshypeoplemanagetoshine.WhenImettheBritishcomedianJulianClary,hewasshyandcautious,yethisTVperformancesareperfect.

Infact,personalityisnotthebestpredictorofwhodoesitwell.Regardlessofwhatyouarelikeinreallife,thekeyseemstobetoactyourself.

Actualacting,asinperformingthescriptedlinesofacharacterotherthanyourself,doesnotdothejob.Whilepoliticiansmaylimitdamagebyhavingcarefullyrehearsed,writtenscriptstospeakfrom,thereisalwaysahiddenawarenessamongtheaudiencethatthewordsmightnotbetrue.

Likewise,theincrediblyperfectspeechesofmanyAmericanacademicsarefarfromnatural.Youmayendupbuyingtheirbookonthewayout,butsoonafterwards,itismuchlikefastfood,andyougetanamelesssensethatyou’vebeencheated.

Although,asEarlSpencerprovedathissisterPrincessDiana’sfuneral,itispossiblebothtoprepareeverywordandtoactnaturally.Ascriptrarelyworksanditisusedtohelpmostspeakers.

But,beingyourselfdoesn’tworkeither.Ifyouspokeasifyouwereinyourownkitchen,itwouldbetooauthentic,toounawareoftheneedtocommunicatewithanaudience.

IremembergoingtoseeBritishpsychiatristR.D.Laingspeakinpublic.Hebehavedlikeaseriouslyoddperson,talkingoffthetopofhishead.Althoughhewastalkingaboutmadnessandhewroteonmentalillness,heseemedtobeexhibitingratherthanexplainingit.

Thebestpsychologicalplacefromwhichtospeakisanunselfconsciousself-consciousness,providingtheillusionofbeingnatural.Studiessuggestthatthisstateof“flow”,aspsychologistscallit,isverysatisfying.

1.Womenhatepublicspeakingmostmainlybecauseof（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor’sviewpoint?

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewonpersonality?

4.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorrecommendsthat（）.

问题1选项

A.theirupbringingveryearlyon

B.theirinabilitytoappealtotheaudience

C.theirsense