考研考博-英语-上海体育学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海体育学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Theuseofsoundiswidespreadas（

）ofanimalcommunicateon.

问题1选项

A.ameans

B.ways

C.atool

D.signals

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。ameans方法，手段；ways方法，道路，方向；atool工具；signal信号，标志。句意：声音被广泛地用作动物交流的手段。由is单数可直接排除B项与D项；声音应该是动物交流的一种手段而不是工具。答案A

2.单选题

Whenapersondies,hisdebtsmustbepaidbeforehis（）canbedistributed.

问题1选项

A.paradoxes

B.legacies

C.platitudes

D.analogies

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析。paradoxes矛盾；legacies遗产；platitudes陈词滥调；analogies类比，类似。句意：当一个人死后，他的债务必须在他的遗产被分配之前得到偿还。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Yourimproperwordswillgive（）todoubtsconcerningyourtrueintentions.

问题1选项

A.rise

B.reason

C.suspicion

D.impulse

【答案】A

【解析】giveriseto为固定搭配,

表示“使...发生,

引发”。句意：不恰当的话语会使人对你的真实意图产生怀疑。

4.单选题

Afternewspaperreportsclaimedthecompanywasdumpingtoxicwasteillegally.Itcameunder（）fromtheauthorities.

问题1选项

A.insult

B.solitude

C.nuisance

D.scrutiny

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项insult“侮辱”；B选项solitude“孤独”；C选项nuisance“损害”；D选项scrutiny“详细审查”。句意：在报纸报道这家公司非法倾倒有毒废料之后，它受到了当局的审查。本句表示公司受到审查。因此D选项正确。

5.翻译题

Traditionally,thewomanhasheldalowpositioninamarriagepartnership.Whileherhusbandwenthiswayshehadtowash,stitchandsew.Todaythemoveistoliberatethewoman,whichmayintheendstrengthenthemarriageunion.Perhapsthegreatestobstacletofriendshipinmarriageistheamountacoupleusuallyseeofeachother.Friendshipinitsusualsenseisnottestedbythestrainofdaily,yearlongcohabitation.Couplesneedtotakeupseparateinterests(andfriendship)aswellasmutuallysharedones,iftheyarenottogetusedtothemoreattractiveelementsofeachother’spersonalities.Marriedcouplesarelikelytoexertthemselvesforguests-beingamusing,discussingwithpassionandpoint-andthentofallintodullexhaustedsilencewhentheguestshavegone.Onceamanconfessed,“ThegreatquestionIhavenotbeenabletoansweris:Whatdoesawomanwant?”Manyhusbandswonderthesamethingtoday.

【答案】从传统上讲，女性在婚姻关系中处于较低的地位。丈夫出门时，她就得洗洗涮涮，缝缝补补。今天的趋势是解放妇女，这最终可能会巩固婚姻。也许婚姻中友谊的最大障碍是夫妻经常见面。通常意义上的友谊不会受到每天、常年的同居生活的压力的考验。如果夫妇们不想要各自性格中更有吸引力的那些部分失去新鲜感，那么除了共同的兴趣外，他们还需要有各自的兴趣（和友谊）。已婚夫妇在来客人时很可能会竭尽全力地接待客人——幽默风趣，谈话时充满激情，——但是在客人走后陷入沉闷、疲惫的沉默。有一次一个男人坦白说：“我一直不能回答的一个大问题是：女人想要什么？”如今，许多丈夫都对同样的事情感到疑惑。

6.单选题

AfterworkingwithEllenformanyyears,wekneweachotherverywellandestablishedagood________.

问题1选项

A.rapport

B.rapine

C.prospect

D.rapture

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“rapport”，意为“亲善；融洽；和睦关系”；B选项“rapine”，意为“掠夺；劫掠”；C选项“prospect”，意为“前途；预期；景色”；D选项“rapture”，意为“狂喜；欢天喜地；兴高采烈”。句意：和艾伦一起工作多年后，我们彼此非常了解，并建立了__良好的关系__。本句表示“因为和艾伦一起工作多年，彼此也十分了解，两人之间建立了亲密、和谐的良好关系”。因此A选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Manypeoplebelievethatthefamilyisthe（

）ofthecommunity.

问题1选项

A.nucleus

B.latitude

C.swamp

D.destiny

【答案】A

【解析】nucleus核心；latitude纬度,界限；swamp沼泽,湿地；destiny命运,定数。句意:许多人认为家庭是社区的核心。选项A符合句意。

8.翻译题

Adversity(逆境)referstothedifficultiesandsetbacksconfrontedbypeopleinlife.Adversityexistsineveryone'slife.Itplaysanimportantroleintheprocessofpeople’sgrowthandmaturity.People'sattitudetowardsadversitydeterminesitsinfluenceonthem.AdoptingapositiveattitudetowardsadversitywillmaturateourpersonalityTherefore,adversityisactuallyachallengeandtrial,whichcanbringonespotentialintofullplay.Itcanhelpdriveawayone'slazinessandperfectoneselfinthefightagainstdifficulties.Thatisthesignificanceofadversity.

【答案】逆境是指人们在生活中遇到的困难和挫折。逆境存在于每个人的生活中。它在人们的成长和成熟过程中起着重要的作用。人们对待逆境的态度决定了它对他们的影响。对逆境采取积极的态度将使我们的个性成熟，因此逆境实际上是一种挑战和考验，它能使人潜能充分发挥。它能帮助人赶走懒惰，在对抗困难的斗争中完善自己。这就是逆境的意义。

9.单选题

Manymentalinstitutionsthroughoutthecountryhavebeenturnedintodumpinggroundsforthousandsofoldsterswhohavenoplaceelsetogo.Mostofthemaren’treallymentallyill.Inthejargonofthehospitalbureaucracy,theyareclassifiedas“inappropriateadmissions.”Butsincesocietyhasnothingbettertooffer,theyarelefttorotwithouthope,help,ordignity.Theusualexitisdeath.

Oftenthroughnofaultoftheirown,understaffedandovercrowdedmentalhospitalshandletheir“geriatriccases”littlebetterthancattle.Thereisarecurrentpatternofelderlypatientslockedintowardstopreventthemfromwanderingabout,givensteadydosesoftranquilizerstokeepthem“manageable”,leftdayandnightwithoutatraceofhumanwarmthorcompanionship.

Somehospitalshavewardsfullofelderly,tranquilizedpatients,bodiesbloatedfromtheirinactive,meaninglessexistences,sittinglistlesslyonhardbenchesorsprawledasleeponthefloor.Therearewomen,silentasstatues,occupyingchairsandrockersinthecorridors.Whiletheweathermaybebeautifuloutdoors,oldmenmayindifferentlyshuffleaboutageriatric“cottage”withnowheretogoandnothingtodo.

Yetmanyofthepeoplecouldberestoredtohumandignity,notbycomplicatedtherapeuticprocedures,butamongotherthings,byprovidinggoodmedicalcareandreachingoutahandofkindnesstowardsthem.

Itisestimatedthatonehalfoftheoldpeopleinstatementalhospitalstodaycouldleaveifpropercommunityresources,servicesandprogramswereavailable.Butanindifferentsocietyhasnotmadethemavailable.

1.Themainideaofthispassageisthat（）.

2.“Geriatric”inparagraph2referstopeoplewhoare（）.

3.Wemayinferthattheauthor（）.

4.Theauthorbelievesthattherealblamelieswith（）.

问题1选项

A.mostoldpeopleneedfamilycare

B.goodcarefortheelderlyiscostly

C.manyoldpeoplearelivingouttheirlastyearsinmentalinstitutions

D.oldpeopleshouldbetakenoutofdoorswhentheweatherispleasant

问题2选项

A.old

B.lonely

C.mentallyill

D.physicallysick

问题3选项

A.isindifferenttothestatusquoofthehospitals

B.issympathetictothesituationoftheelderly

C.isoptimistictowardsthefutureoftheelderly

D.ishostiletowardsthementalhospitalstaff

问题4选项

A.thesociety

B.thementalinstitutions

C.theelderly

D.thehospitalbureaucracy

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章内容可知,首段第一句为全文主旨句。“Manymentalinstitutionsthroughoutthecountryhavebeenturnedintodumpinggroundsforthousandsofoldsterswhohavenoplaceelsetogo.”全国各地的许多精神病院已经变成了接纳成千上万没有去处的老年人的垃圾场。选项C符合原文。

2.根据原文句意:人手不足、人满为患的精神病院在处理“病例”时就像对待牲口一样。上一段提到,大多数进精神病院的都是老人,并且他们没有真正的精神疾病,也不是因为孤独或者生病才进来的,所以“geriatric”指的是老年人。选项A正确。

3.根据最后一段的内容可知,如果有适当的社区资源、服务和项目,现在州立精神病院的老人可以离开一半。但是冷漠的社会并没有提供这些服务。说明作者更多的是同情这些老人,选项B正确。

4.根据最后一段最后一句“Butanindifferentsocietyhasnotmadethemavailable.”但是冷漠的社会并没有提供这些服务。说明作者认为真正的过错在于社会,选项A正确。

10.单选题

We（）hisideaforachangeinourprocessofcarmanufactures,anddecidedtosticktotheoldoneinstead.

问题1选项

A.dejected

B.projected

C.rejected

D.objected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。deject使沮丧，使灰心；project设计，计划；reject拒绝，排斥；object提出…作为反对的理由。句意：我们拒绝了他改变我们汽车制造方法的想法，并且决定坚持原来的方法。由decidedtosticktotheoldoneinstead可知C项“拒绝”符合题意，故C项正确。

11.单选题

IthasbeenaterribleafternoonforJane______ataboutsixo’clockinherfather’ssuddencollapseintounconsciousness.

问题1选项

A.converging

B.culminating

C.finalizing

D.releasing

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。A选项converging“合并，汇聚”；B选项culminating“（以某种结果）告终；（在某一点）结束”，culminatein/withsth.；C选项finalizing“把（计划、旅行、项目等）最后定下来；定案”；D选项releasing“释放”。句意：对简来说，那是一个可怕的下午，她父亲在______六点钟左右陷入昏迷。B选项culminating“（以某种结果）告终；（在某一点）结束”符合语境中6点钟左右，意指这个下午的可怕在以父亲在6点左右陷入昏迷告终。因此B选项正确。

12.单选题

Themanagerpromisedtokeepme（）ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.

问题1选项

A.tobeinformed

B.oninforming

C.informed

D.informing

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。keeprmedofsth.意为“让某人了解某事”。句意：经理答应会让我知道我们的生意进展如何。选项C正确。

13.单选题

Noonecanbeagreatthinkerwhodoesnotrealizethatasathinkeritisherfirstdutytofollowherintellecttowhateverconclusionsitmaylead.Truthgainsmoreevenbytheerrorsofonewhowithduestudyandpreparation,thinksforhimself,thanbythetrueopinionsofthosewhoonlyholdthembecausetheydonotsufferthemselvestothink.Nothatitissolely,ofchiefly,toformgreatthinkersthatfreedomofthinkingisrequired.Onthecontrary,itisasmuchorevenmoreindispensabletoenableaveragehumanbeingstoattainthementalstaturewhichtheyarecapableof.Therehavebeenandmanyagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery.Butthereneverhasbeen,noreverwillbe,inthatatmosphereanintellectuallyactivepeople.Whereanyofheterodoxspeculationwasforatimesuspended;wherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed;wherethediscussionofthegreatestquestionswhichcanoccupyhumanityisconsideredtobeclosed,wecannothopetofindthatgenerallyhighscaleofmentalactivitywhichhasmadesomeperiodsofhistorysoremarkable.Neverwhencontroversyavoidedthesubjectswhicharelargeandimportantenoughtokindleenthusiasmwasthemindofapeoplestirredupfromitsfoundationandtheimpulsegivenwhichraisedevenpersonsofthemostordinaryintellecttosomethingofthedignityofthinkingbeings.

Shewhoknowsonlyherownsickofthecaseknowslittleofthat.Herreasonsmaybegood,andnoonemayhavebeenabletorefutethem.Butifsheisequallyunabletorefutethereasonsoftheoppositeside;ifshedoesnotsomuchasknowwhattheyare,shehasnogroundforpreferringeitheropinion.Therationalpositionforherwouldbesuspensionofjudgment,andunlessshecontentsherselfwiththat,sheiseitherledbyauthority,oradopts,likethegeneralityoftheworldthesidetowhichshefeelsthemostinclination.Norisitenoughthatsheshouldheattheargumentsofadversariesfromherownteachers,presentedastheystatethem,andaccompaniedbywhattheyofferasrefutations.Thatisnotthewaytodojusticetothearguments,orbringthemintorealcontactwithherownmind.Shemustbeabletohearthemfrompersonswhoactuallybelievethem;whodefendtheminearnest,anddotheirveryutmostforthem.Shemustknowthemintheirmostplausibleandpersuasiveform;shemustfeelthewholeforceofthedifficultywhichthetrueviewofthesubjecthastoencounteranddisposeof;elseshewillneverreallypossessherselfoftheportionoftruthwhichmeetsandremovesthatdifficulty.Ninety-nineinahundredofwhatarecallededucatedpersonsareinthiscondition;evenofthosewhocanarguefluentlyfortheiropinions.Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow;theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyformandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,itisalwaysadvisableto（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,inagreatperiodsuchastheRenaissancewemayexpecttofind

（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,thepersonwhoholdsorthodoxbeliefswithoutexaminationmaybedescribedinallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTas

（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldbemostlikelytoagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatements（

）.

问题1选项

A.haveopinionswhichcannotberefuted

B.adoptthepointofviewtowhichonefeelsthemostinclination

C.beacquaintedwiththeargumentsfavoringthepointofviewwithwhichonedisagrees

D.suspendheterodoxspeculationinfavorofdoctrinaireapproaches

问题2选项

A.acceptanceoftruth

B.controversyoverprinciples

C.inordinateenthusiasm

D.adreadofheterodoxspeculation

问题3选项

A.enslavedbytradition

B.lessthanfullyrational

C.determindedoncontroversy

D.havingaclosedmind

问题4选项

A.Atrulygreatthinkermakesnomistakes

B.Periodsofintellectualachievementareperiodsofunorthodoxreflection

C.Therefutationofacceptedideascanbestbeprovidedbyone’sownteachers

D.excessivecontroversypreventsclearthinking

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章在第二段指出，一个人只知自己一方，推理极好，无人能反驳，却不知对方的推理，也不能够予以反驳的话，他就无权选择两方的任一论点。并且，光听自己的老师讲述对立面的论点，以及他们所提出的反驳论点是不够的，必须倾听那些人（他们真正相信对立的观点）的论点，并为此积极热情，竭尽全力辩护，才能使自己的思想和独立论点接触，公正地做出公正的判断。所以C选项“熟悉有利于自己反对观点的论点”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Therehavebeenandmanyagainbegreatindividualthinkersinageneralatmosphereofmentalslavery.Butthereneverhasbeen,noreverwillbe,inthatatmosphereanintellectuallyactivepeoplewherethereisatacitconventionthatprinciplesarenottobedisputed”“在思想禁锢的气氛中可能会产生个别的思想家，但绝不会有思想活跃的人民……在那里有一种心照不宣的惯律即原则绝不能讨论”可知在思想禁锢期原则问题是不能讨论的，而文艺复兴就是思想活动的顶峰时期，故可以推断出在这个时候原则问题将必然会被讨论，所以B选项正确。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后一部分“Theirconclusionmaybetrue,butitmightbefalseforanythingtheyknow;theyhaveneverthrownthemselvesintothementalpositionofthosewhothinkdifferentlyformandconsideredwhatsuchpersonsmayhavetosay;andconsequentlytheydonot,inanypropersenseoftheword,knowthedoctrineswhichtheythemselvesprofess.他们的结论可能是正确的，但也可能是错误的；他们从来没有把自己置于那些以不同的形式思考和考虑这些人可能要说什么的人的心理地位；所以他们不晓得自己所传的道，按世上的常话来说。”可以推断出没有未经检验的正统信仰的人不会独立思考，更不会怀疑他所信仰的东西，C选项符合题意。

4.推理判断题。A选项“一个真正的思想家不犯错误”太绝对，排除；C选项“一个人的老师最能提供所接受思想观点的反驳”与第二段的‘Norisitenoughthatsheshouldheattheargumentsofadversariesfromherownteachers,presentedastheystatethem,andaccompaniedbywhattheyofferasrefutations.’矛盾排除；D选项“过度的辩论会制止清晰的思考”，文章没有提及，排除，，根据论可以推断出答案选项为B。B“选项在思想方面取得成就的时期就是进行非正统反思的时期在文章第一段的有讨论，符合题意。

14.单选题

The（

）inJanet'scharacterhashinderedherfromadvancementinhercareer.

问题1选项

A.weakness

B.merit

C.defect

D.shortcoming

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。weakness“弱点，嗜好”；defect“不足，缺陷”；shortcoming“缺点，短处”；merit“优点”。句意：詹妮特的性格缺陷阻碍了她事业的进步。由hinder“阻碍”可知性格方面的不足阻碍了她的进步。只有C符合题意。答案C

15.单选题

PreliminaryfiguresshowBibbCounty'staxdigestisslightly_______withstateguidelines,whichcouldresultinafineofupto$100,000.

问题1选项

A.outforthecount

B.outandout

C.outofblast

D.outofwhack

【答案】D

【解析】outforthecount死的,毁了的;outandout彻底地;outofblast停工,停产;outofwhack不一致;不正常。句意：初步数据显示，比伯县的《税务摘要》与该州的指导方针略有出入，可能会被处以最高10万美元的罚款。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

Sometimesthebankmanagerhimselfisaskedto___chequesifhisclerksarenotsureaboutthem.

问题1选项

A.credit

B.assure

C.certify

D.access

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项credit“相信，信任；把……归给，归功于；赞颂”；B选项assure“保证；担保；使确信；弄清楚”；C选项certify“证明；保证”；D选项access“接近，使用；访问，存取（电脑文档）”。句意：有时，如果银行经理的职员对支票不确定，就要求他本人证明支票。结合此处语境，C选项正确。

17.单选题

Astheywatchedthematch,thecrowd（

）inunison.

问题1选项

A.chanted

B.crooned

C.crowed

D.harmonized

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项chant“歌唱，颂扬”；B选项croon“低吟，轻哼”；C选项crow“打鸣”；D选项harmonize“协调”。句意：当他们在观看比赛的时候，人群齐声歌唱。选项A更符合语境。

18.单选题

Thesedesksandseatscanbe______totheheighttoanychild.

问题1选项

A.adapted

B.adopted

C.adjusted

D.attached

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapted“适应”；B选项adopted“采用”；C选项adjusted“调整；校正”；D选项attached“附加”。句意：这些课桌和椅子可以______到任何孩子的高度。根据语境，这里是指这些课桌和椅子可以调整高度，所以adjusted“调整”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

19.单选题

Thousandsof（

）atthestadiumcametotheirfeettopaytributetoanoutstandingperformance.

问题1选项

A.audience

B.participants

C.spectators

D.observers

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。audience听众；participant参与者；spectator观众，看客；observer观察者。句意：体育场内成千上万的观众起立，向这场出色的表演致敬。此句语境为去体育场观看表演，所以主体为观众。答案C

20.单选题

Theheavysnow_________travel,sohehadtostayhereformoredays.

问题1选项

A.impeached

B.impelled

C.impeded

D.imparted

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。impeached“归咎，弹劾”；impelled“推进，促使”；impeded“阻碍”；imparted“给予，传授，告知”。句意：大雪阻碍了旅行，所以他必须在这儿多待几天。选项C符合题意。

21.单选题

Vitaminsareagroupofsubstancesfoundinfood.Thebodyneedsthemforlifeandhealth.Sonaturally,manypeopleareconcernedwiththequestion:AmIgettingenoughvitamins,andamIgettingtherightkind?

Eventhoughverysmallamountsofeachvitaminareenoughfortheneedsofthebody,theworrypeoplehaveaboutvitaminshassomebasis.Andthishassomethingtodowiththeirdiet—thefoodtheytakein.Apersoneatingagoodvarietyoffoodsgetsallthevitaminsnowknowntobeneeded(withthepossibleexceptionofvitamind).

Theproblemisthattherearemanypeoplewhodon'tchoosefoodswisely,don'tgetenoughvariety,anddon'teatthebasicfoodstheyneedtogettheirvitamins.Sotheanswertothisquestionis..Noextravitaminsareneeded,providingyoueatproperfoods.Infact,manyofthevitaminscannotbestoredinthebody,sowhenextravitaminstakenin,thebodysimplygetsridofthem.Itisevenharmfultoputtoomuchofcertainvitaminsintothebody.ThishasbeenfoundtobetrueofvitaminAandD,whenlargeamountsaretakenin.

Whatfoodssupplywhatvitamins?Hereisaquickgeneralidea.VitaminA,forthehealthoftheeyes,skin,teeth,andbones,isfoundingreenvegetables,fruits,eggs,liverandbutter.VitaminB1whichhelpsthenervousanddigestivesystemandpreventscertaindiseases,isfoundincereals,porkandliver.VitaminB2isfoundinmilk,eggs,greenvegetablesandmeats.VitaminC,whichhelpsbonesandteeth,isfoundintomatoes,certainfruitsandvegetables.Theseareonlyafewofthemostimportantvitaminsthebodyneeds.

1.VitaminAisneededby______andcanbefoundin______.

2.VitaminChelps______whilevitaminB1isveryimportantto______.

3.Vitaminsareagroupofsubstancesfoundin______.

4.Thebodyneeds______forlifeandhealth.

5.Ifyoutakeinmorevitaminsthanyouactuallyneed,______.

问题1选项

A.bones/pork

B.nervoussystem/milk

C.eyes/greenvegetables

D.teeth/meats

问题2选项

A.teeth/digestivesystem

B.skin/bones

C.bones/liver

D.eyes/meats

问题3选项

A.body

B.food

C.pork

D.digestivesystem

问题4选项

A.extravitamins

B.agoodvarietyofvitamins

C.largeamountsofcertainvitamins

D.smallamountsofeachvitamin

问题5选项

A.theyareharmfultoyourbody

B.yougetallthevitaminsnowknowntobeneeded

C.theyhelpourbodiesmoreproperly

D.yourbodysimplygetsridofthem

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“VitaminA,forthehealthoftheeyes,skin,teeth,andbones,isfoundingreenvegetables,fruits,eggs,liverandbutter.”，可知维他命A有利于眼睛、皮肤、牙齿和骨骼健康，存在于蔬菜水果、肝脏和黄油中。选项C符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“VitaminC,whichhelpsbonesandteeth,isfoundintomatoes,certainfruitsandvegetables.”，可知维C对骨骼和牙齿有好处，存在于西红柿、蔬菜和水果中。排除B、D两项。根据文章最后一段，“VitaminB1whichhelpsthenervousanddigestivesystemandpreventscertaindiseases,isfoundincereals,porkandliver.”维生素B1有利于神经和消化系统，所以排除D选项。选项A符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Vitaminsareagroupofsubstancesfoundinfood.”。可知维他命是一组存在于食物中的物质。选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第二段，“Eventhoughverysmallamountsofeachvitaminareenoughfortheneedsofthebody,”，可知人体只需要少量的维生素。选项D符合题意。

5.细节理解题。根据文章第三段，“sowhenextravitaminstakenin,thebodysimplygetsridofthem.”，可知当多余的维生素被摄入时，人体会排除它们。选项D符合题意。

22.翻译题

Directingtheunionaretechnologicaladvancesthathavemadeiteasiertostoreandrapidlytransmitinformationintohomesandoffices.Fiber-opticcable,forexample—madeupofhair-thinglassfibers—isatremendouslyefficientcarrierofinformation.Lasersshootinglightthroughglassfibercantransmit250,000timesasmuchdataasastandardtelephonewire,ortensofthousandsofparagraphssuchasthisoneeverysecond.

Thegreatlyincreasedvolumeandspeedofdatatransmissionthatthesetechnologiespermitcanbecomparedtothewayinwhichahighwaywithmanylanesallowsmorecarstomoveatfasterspeedsthanatwo-lanehighway—hence,theinformationsuperhighway.

【答案】【参考译文】引导联合的是技术进步，技术的进步使信息更容易存储和迅速传输到家庭和办公室。例如，由细如发丝的玻璃纤维制成的光纤是一种非常高效的信息载体。通过玻璃纤维发的激光可以传输标准电话线25万倍的数据，或者每秒传输数万段这样的段落。

这些技术极大地增加了数据传输的量和速度，可以与多车道高速公路比双车道高速公路允许更多的汽车以更快的速度移动的方式相比较——因此，信息高速公路由此得名。

23.单选题

Thediscoveryofnewoil-fieldsinvariouspartsofthecountryfilledthegovernmentwith（

）hope.

问题1选项

A.eternal

B.everlasting

C.ceaseless

D.infinite

【答案】D

【解析】句意:在这个国家多个地区发现新油田使政府充满无限的希望。

形容词辨析。Eternal永恒的;everlasting永恒的，接连不断的;ceaseless不断的，不停的;infinite无限的，无穷的。

24.单选题

Everyonehasamomentinhistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim.Itisthemomentwhenhisemotionsachievetheirmostpowerfulswayoverhim,andafterwardwhenyousaytothisperson“theworldtoday”or“life”or“reality”hewillassumethatyoumeanthismoment,evenifitisfiftyyearspast.Theworld,throughhisunleashed（释放的）emotions,imprinteditselfuponhim,andhecar-riesthestampofthatpassingmomentforever.

Forme，thismoment——fouryearsinamomentinhistory——wasthewar.Thewarwasandisrealityforme.Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteris-tics.

FranklinDelanoRooseveltisthepresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhealwayshasbeen.TheothertwoeternalworldleadersareWinstonChurchillandJosephStalin.Americaisnot,neverhasbeen,andneverwillbewhatthesongandpoemscallit,alandofplenty.Nylon，meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare.Therearetoomanyjobsandnotenoughworkers.Moneyisveryeasytoearnbutratherhardtospend,becausethereisn’tverymuchtobuy.Trainsarealwayslateandalwayscrowdedwith“servicemen”.ThewarwillalwaysbefoughtveryfarfromAmerica,anditwillneverend.NothinginAmericastandsstillforverylong,includingthepeoplewhoarealwayseitherleavingoronleave.PeopleinAmericacryoften.Sixteenisthekeyandcrucialandnaturalageforahumanbeingtobe,andpeopleofallotheragesarerangedinanorderlymanneraheadofandbehindyouasahar-monioussettingforthesixteen-year-oldsoftheworld.Whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyim-pressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyfore-seeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.Youdonotforeseeit.TowasteanythinginAmericaisim-moral.Stringandtinfoilaretreasures.Newspapersarealwayscrowedwithstrangemapsandnamesoftowns,andeveryfewmonthstheearthseemstolurch（突然倾斜）fromitspathwhenyouseesome-thinginthenewspapers,suchasthetimeMussolini,whoalmostseemedoneoftheeternalleaders,isphotographedhangingupsidedownonameathook.

1.Whichstatementbestdepictsthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whydoestheauthorstillclearlyrememberthewar?

3.Whichstatementbestdescribestheauthor’sfeelingsaboutthewar?

4.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatadultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds?

5.Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

问题1选项

A.Realityiswhatyoumakeofit.

B.Timeislikeariver.

C.Emotionsarepowerful.

D.Everypersonhasaspecialmoment.

问题2选项

A.FranklinDelanoRooseveltwasPresident.

B.Itwashispersonalrealityandpartofhislife.

C.Therewasnotmuchtobuy.

D.Thewarwouldneverend.

问题3选项

A.Itwaseverrealforhim,yethewasnotactivelyinvolved.

B.Itwasrealforhimbecausehewasasoldieratthattime.

C.Itwasveryunrealtohim.

D.Thewarwasverydisruptivetothepeopleathome.

问题4选项

A.Adultswouldliketobeyoung.

B.Sixteen-year-oldsdonotwastethings.

C.Sixteen-year-oldsreadnewspapers.

D.Theywillbefightingsoonforadults.

问题5选项

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.第一段指出：everyonehasamomentinhishistory,whichbelongsparticularlytohim（每个人在他的历史上都有一个属于他的时刻）,选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段指出：thewarwasandisrealityforme（战争对作者来说很真实），这是作者为何记住战争的原因，选项B符合题意。

3.文章第二段指出：Istillinstinctivelyliveandthinkinitsatmosphere.Thesearesomeofitscharacteristics，由此推测战争对他来说是非常真实的，但是文章中并没有提到作者是一名战士，因此选项A符合题意。

4.根据题干关键词“adultsareimpressedwithsixteen-year-olds”定位至文章第三段：whenyouaresixteen,adultsareslightlyimpressedandalmostintimidatedbyyou.Thisisapuzzlefinallysolvedbytherealizationthattheyforeseeyourmilitaryfuture:fightingforthem.可知成年人之所有会对16岁少年印象深刻是因为他们知道这些少年将来会为他们打仗，选项D符合题意。

5.根据题干关键词“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”定位至第三段，第三段前面提到：Nylon,meat,gasoline,andsteelarerare，因此推测当时战争使得物资匮乏，后面指出了“Stringandtinfoilaretreasures”。故答案为A选项。

25.单选题

I’msurprisedatthere（）anindex.

问题1选项

A.nottobe

B.tobenot

C.notbeing

D.beingnot

【答案】C

【解析】这是there be非限定形式作介词补足语,通常用 -ing形式。如果是否定形式,那么否定词not应放在非限定形式前面。注意,there be作介词for的补足语时,常用there to be形式。

26.单选题

Loveisloveanddeathisdeath,foraSouthAfricanBushmanandaFrenchsurrealistalike.Sothethemesofliteraturehaveatonceaninfinitevarietyandanabidingconstancy.

问题1选项

A.continuing

B.refraining

C.interchanging

D.corresponding

【答案】A

【解析】句意：爱就是爱，死就是死，对于南非的布什曼人和法国的超现实主义者来说都是如此。因此，文学的主题既具有无限的多样性，又具有……的稳定性。A选项continuing“继续的；持续的”；B选项refraining“克制的”；C选项interchanging“交换的”；D选项corresponding“相当的；相应的”。“爱就是爱，死就是死”传递的是一种永恒的稳定性，因此abiding词义应与“永恒的”相关，因此A选项符合题意。

27.单选题

Myuncleisvery（）;hestillthinksthatawoman’splaceisinthehome.

问题1选项

A.desirable

B.conservative

C.malleable

D.demanding

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。desirable令人满意的；conservative保守的；malleable可塑的；demanding苛求的。句意：我的叔叔非常

，他仍然认为女人就应该待在家里。根据下文可以推断，叔叔应该是非常保守的人，所以选项B符合句意。

28.单选题

Thechildren’shystericalcrying（）thewomandoctorfromcompletingtheexamination.

问题1选项

A.forbade

B.refrained

C.hindered

D.restricted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项forbid“禁止；不允许”；B选项refrain“克制；避免；制止”；C选项hinder“阻止；打扰”；D选项restrict“限制；约束”。句意：这些孩子们歇斯底里的哭泣阻止这位女医生完成这个检查。结合句意判断出选项C正确。

29.单选题

Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat’snotwhatIdid.

Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitythatdoesn’tevenofferamajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren'tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.

Iheadedofftocollege,feelingsureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering“factories”wheretheydidn'tcareifyouhadvaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanistallinone.

NowI’mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asalln