考研考博-英语-北京林业大学考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京林业大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

ThegeologyoftheEarth’ssurfaceisdominatedbytheparticularpropertiesofwater.PresentonEarthinsolid,liquid,andgaseousstates,waterisexceptionallyreactive.Itdissolves,transports,andprecipitatesmanychemicalcompoundsandisconstantlymodifyingthefaceoftheEarth.

Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds,someofwhicharetransportedbywindoverthecontinents.Condensationfromthecloudsprovidestheessentialagentofcontinentalerosion:rain.Precipitatedontotheground,thewatertricklesdowntoformbrooks,streams,andrivers,constitutingwhatiscalledthehydrographicnetwork.Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean.Gravitydominatesthisentirestepinthecyclebecausewatertendstominimizeitspotentialenergybyrunningfromhighaltitudestowardthereferencepointthatissealevel.

Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs.Ifwedefineresidencetimeastheaveragetimeforawatermoleculetopassthroughoneofthethreereservoirs—atmosphere,continent,andocean—weseethatthetimesareverydifferent.Awatermoleculestays,onaverage,elevendaysintheatmosphere,onehundredyearsonacontinentandfortythousandyearsintheocean.Thislastfigureshowstheimportanceoftheoceanastheprincipalreservoirofthehydrospherebutalsotherapidityofwatertransportonthecontinents.

Avastchemicalseparationprocesstakesplacesduringtheflowofwateroverthecontinents.Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported.Insolubleionssuchasaluminum,iron,andsiliconstaywheretheyareandformthethin,fertileskinofsoilonwhichvegetationcangrow.Sometimessoilsaredestroyedandtransportedmechanicallyduringflooding.Theerosionofthecontinentsthusresultsfromtwocloselylinkedandinterdependentprocesses,chemicalerosionandmechanicalerosion.Theirrespectiveinteractionsandefficiencydependondifferentfactors.

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater（）.

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto（）.

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT（）.

问题1选项

A.precipitatingontotheground

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstate

C.evaporatingfromtheoceans

D.beingcarriedbywind

问题2选项

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwater

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyflooding

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceans

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandrivers

问题3选项

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.

问题4选项

A.magnesium

B.iron

C.potassium

D.calcium.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater______.1.根据这篇文章，云主要由水______而形成。

A.precipitatingontothegroundA.沉淀到地面上

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstateB.从固态变为液态

C.evaporatingfromtheoceansC.从海洋中蒸发

D.beingcarriedbywindD.被风携带

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】从第二段第一句“水蒸气从海洋蒸发后形成云（Evaporatedfromtheoceans），其中一些被风吹过大陆”理解可知，云主要是由水蒸气从海洋蒸发而形成的，C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“沉淀到地面上”和B项“从固态变为液态”形成的是小溪和河流等，属于张冠李戴；

D项“被风携带”，根据解题思路可知，被风携带的是云，并不是水，属于曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthehydrographicnetworkisto______.2.这篇文章表明，水文网络的目的是______。

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwaterA.确定水分子的大小

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyfloodingB.防止洪水造成的土壤侵蚀

C.movewaterfromtheEarth’ssurfacetotheoceansC.将水从地球表面输送到海洋

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandriversD.调节小溪和河流的水流速率

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词hydrographicnetwork定位至第二段第三和第四句“水沉淀到地面上，涓滴而下形成小溪和河流，构成了所谓的水文网络。这个巨大的极化网络把水引向一个容器：海洋。”，综合理解可知，水文网络的目的是将水输送到海洋里面去，C项符合原文，因此正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“确定水分子的大小”、B项“防止洪水造成的土壤侵蚀”和D项“调节小溪和河流的水流速率”在原文没有提及，属于无中生有。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?3.如第三段所讨论的，是什么决定了水分子在循环中移动的速率？

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.A.水中所含的势能。

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.B.大气压力对化合物的影响。

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.C.降落在各大洲的降雨量。

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.D.蓄水面积的相对大小。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至文章第三段，根据第一句“水分子通过循环的速率不是随机的，而是能测出各个蓄水区的相对大小”，以及倒数第二句“一个水分子在大气中平均停留11天，在大陆上停留100年，在海洋中停留4万年”，综合理解可知，水分子循环的速率是取决于蓄水区的相对大小，所以D项“蓄水面积的相对大小”符合原文。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“水中所含的势能”与重力有关，和题干无关，属于张冠李戴；

B项“大气压力对化合物的影响”和C项“降落在各大洲的降雨量”原文未提及，属于无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT______.4.除了______，以下都是可溶性离子的例子。

A.magnesiumA.镁

B.ironB.铁

C.potassiumC.钾

D.calciumD.钙

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词solubleions定位至第四段第三句“不溶性离子如铝、铁和硅留在原地……”可知，B项“铁”为不溶性离子，不符合题干。因此，该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A项“镁”、C项“钾”和D项“钙”根据第四段第二句“可溶性离子如钙、钠、钾和一些镁被溶解和运输”可知，这三项都符合原文，属于反向干扰。

2.单选题

Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneededwerequitesimply（

）everycheatinthemarketplace.

问题1选项

A.inlieuof

B.forthepriceof

C.bycourtesyof

D.atthemercyof

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项inlieuof“代替”；B选项forthepriceof“以……为代价”；C选项bycourtesyof“由于……的作用，蒙……的好意”；D选项atthemercyof“完全由……支配，任由……摆布”。由“Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneeded（不了解他们需要的信息和建议的消费者）”和“cheatinthemarketplace（市场上的欺诈）”可知D选项符合逻辑搭配。句意：不了解他们需要的信息和建议的消费者，只能任由市场上的骗子摆布。

3.单选题

Whenthestrangerwalkedtowardshim,hefled,thedoor（）behindhim

问题1选项

A.slammed

B.toslam

C.slant

D.slamming

【答案】D

【解析】slamming做形容词,修饰door,表示门的状态。如果填slammed,后面构成一个完整的句子,需要连接词and连接前后两个句子。

4.单选题

HenryFord,thefamousU.S.inventorandcarmanufacturer,oncesaid.“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness.”BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld.

FewwouldarguewithFord'sstatements.AbriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkaboutbusiness.Forexample,nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection,inwhichthedealsandprojects,financesandmanagements,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily.Inaddition,businessnewscanappearineveryothersection.Mostnationalnewshasanimportantfinancialaspecttoit.Welfare,foreignaid,thefederalbudget,andthepoliceoftheFederalReserveBankareallheavilyaffectedbybusiness.Moreover,businessnewsappearsinsomeoftheunlikeliestplaces.Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas“theentertainmentindustry”or“showbusiness.”

ThepositivesideofHenryFord’sstatementcanbeseenintheprosperitythatbusinesshasbroughttoU.S.life.OneofthemostimportantreasonssomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob.JobsareproducedinabundancebecausetheU.Seconomicsystemisdrivenbycompetition.Peoplebelievethatthissystemcratesmorewealth,morejob,andamateriallybetterwayoflife.

ThenegativesideofHenryFord’sstatement,however,canbeseenwhentheworldbusinessistakentomeanbigbusiness.Andthetermbigbusiness-referringtothebiggestcompanies-isseeninoppositiontolabor.ThroughoutU.S.historyworkingpeoplehavehadtofighthardforhigherwages,betterworkingconditions,andthefighttoformunions.Todaymanyoftheoldlabordisputesareover,butthereisstillsomeemployeeanxiety.Downsizing—thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighcreatesfeelingofinsecurityformany.

1.TheUnitedStatesisatypicalcountry（

）.

2.TheinfluenceofbusinessintheU.S.isevidencedbythefactthat

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,immigrantschoosetosettleintheU.Sdreamingthat

（

）.

4.HenryFord’sstatementcanbetakennegativelybecause

（

）.

5.Acompany’seffortstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighmayresultin（

）.

问题1选项

A.whichencouragesfreetradesathomeandabroad

B.whichnormallyworksaccordingtothefederalbudget

C.whereallbusinessesaremanagedinascientificway

D.wherepeople’schiefconcernishowtomakemoney

问题2选项

A.Americansofallprofessionsknowhowtodobusiness

B.evenpublicorganizationsconcentrateonworkingforprofits

C.mostnewspapersarerunbybigbusinesses

D.evenartsandentertainmentareregardedasbusiness

问题3选项

A.theycanstartprofitablebusinessesthere

B.theycanbemorecompetitiveinbusiness

C.theywillmakeafortuneovernightthere

D.theywillfindbetterchancesofemployment

问题4选项

A.workingpeoplearefacingtofightfortheirrights

B.therearemanyindustriescontrolledbyafewbigcapitalists

C.thereisaconflictingrelationshipbetweenbigcorporationsandlabor

D.publicservicesarenotrunbythefederalgovernment

问题5选项

A.reductioninthenumberofemployees

B.improvementofworkingconditions

C.fewerdisputesbetweenlaborandmanagement

D.ariseinworker’swages

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。文章第一段第二句话提到“亨利•福特的话意味着美国人的生活都是建立在商业价值上的”（BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld），换句话说，美国人关心的就是如何去创造商业价值，选项D“人们主要关心的问题是如何赚钱”符合题意。

第2题:推理判断题。文章第二段主要讲述了与报纸相关的内容，无论是什么类型的报纸，都能看到与商业相关的内容。文章第二段最后一句话提到即使是艺术和娱乐都被看成是“娱乐业”（Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas“theentertainmentindustry”or“showbusiness.”），这证明了美国的商业影响非常广泛。选项D符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。文章第三段第一句话提到“这么多人来美国生活的一个重要原因是他们可以在这里找到更好的工作”（OneofthemostimportantreasonssomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob），选项D符合题意。

第4题:推理判断题。文章最后一段提到了亨利•福特的观点的负面影响：大公司与劳动力之间的矛盾（Andthetermbigbusiness-referringtothebiggestcompanies-isseeninoppositiontolabor），选项C“大公司与劳动力之间存在对立关系”符合题意。

第5题:细节事实题。题目问的是“如果一家公司想低消耗，高利润，会导致什么结果？”文章最后一段最后一句话提到“裁员——上千员工失业，公司花费减少，利润增加”（Downsizing—thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighcreatesfeelingofinsecurityformany），选项A“雇员人数减少”符合题意。

5.填空题

Directions:Youaregoingtoreadsomeinformationaboutsomecompanies.Forquestions21-30,choosefromthecompanies(A-H).Someofthecompaniesmaybechosenmorethanonce.Whenmorethanoneanswerisrequired,thesemaybegiveninanyorder.Thereisanexampleatthebeginning(O).Markyouranswersontheseparateanswersheet.

Whichcompanyorcompanies:

isproudoftheirresearchprogramme?(O)(F)

dealswithcommunicationlinks?(21)()

ispartlyownedbythemanagement?(22)()

statesitdoesnotworkinEurope?(23)()

statesitisconcernedwiththewholefamily?(24)()

profitfromnaturalresources?(25)()(26)()

directlyexchangemoney?(27)()(28)()

makemedicine?(29)()(30)()

FINANCIALTIMESANNUALREPORTSERVICE

Choosewhichofthefollowingreportsyouwishtohavesenttoyou:

A.TVXGoldInc.

TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife,lowaveragecashcostsandincreaseinproduction,andanew,experiencedandaggressivemanagementteam.

B.Statoil

StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.Operationsarealsopursuedin20othercountries.ThegroupreportedaprofitbeforetaxationofNOK12billionin1993asagainstNOK9.9billiontheyearbefore.Theincreasewasduetoahighlevelofproduction,areductioninoperatingcostsandimprovedfinancialresults.

Statoilisorganizedinfourbusinessareas—ExplorationandProduction,NaturalGas,OilTradingandShipping,andRefiningandMarketing.From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.Afterthehive-offofitspetrochemicaloperationin1994,thegrouphasabout12,000employees.

C.TheRabobankGroup

WithtotalassetsofNLG253.2billiontheDutchRabobankGroupranksamongthetop20banksinEuropeandthetop50worldwide.Overthepasttwodecades,thebankhasgraduallyexpandeditsinternationalnetworktocoverstrategicgeographicareas.Itcomprisesnow47officesintheworld’smajorfinancialandcommercialcenters.TheGroup’s“centralbank”,RabobankNederland,operatesasawholesalehouse,specializinginservingmajornationalandinternationalcorporationsandinoperationsonthefinancialmarkets.Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.

D.RobertsPharmaceuticals

RobertsPharmaceuticals(NASDAZ:RPCX)isfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompanywhosediversproductscontributetothehealthandwell-beingofallagegroups.Robertshassuccessfullycombinedanaggressiveproductdevelopmentprogrammewithstrategicacquisitions,tocreateaprofitablecompanywithawell-balancedproductionportfolioconcentratedinsixmajortherapeuticcategories.

E.Telia

TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.TogetherwithPTTNetherlandsandSwissPTT,Teliaisco-ownerofUnisource.In1993,theTeliaGroup’srevenuestotaledUDS$4.5billion.Returnoncapitalemployedwas14.5percent.TeliainvestedatotalofUSD910million.

F.Roche

RocheisaSwiss-basedinternationalhealth-caregroupemploying56,000peopleworldwide.Itisaresearch-drivencompanywithaleadingpositioninbiotechnologyandactivitiescoveringtheentirehealthspectrumofprevention,diagnosisandtreatmentofdisease.Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.InadditiontopharmaceuticalsRocheisengagedinthefieldsofvitaminsandfinechemicals,diagnostics,fragrancesandflavours.

G.BSS

BSSisaSwissbankwithallthatthisappliesintermsoftradition,experience,securityandconfidentiality.BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.

H.SagaPetroleuma.s.

In1993,SagaPetroleumhadanoperatingprofitofNOK1694millionandaprofitbeforetaxesofNOK1006million.TheGroup’sprovedandprobableoilandgasreservestotal1,474milliontonsofoilequivalent,ofwhich44percentisoil.Intermsofreserves,Sagaisamongthelargestindependentupstreamcompaniesintheworld.ItisSaga’sintentiontofurtherstrengthenitspositionontheNorwegianshelf,andtoutilizethecompany’sexpertiseandcapacitygraduallytodevelopitsinternationalactivities.

Saga’sobjectiveistogivethecompany’sshare-holdersthehighestpossiblereturnontheirinvestmentthroughefficientoperationsandstrictrequirementstotheprofitabilityofnewproducts.

【答案】21.E

22.B

23.A

24.G

25.A

26.B

27.C

28.G

29.D

30.F

【解析】21.句意：哪家公司经营通信链接？由E部分中TheTeliaGroupofferspublicandprivatenetworksfortelephony,datacommunicationsandmobiletelephony.（Telia集团提供用于电话、数据通信和移动电话的公共和私人网络。）可知，Telia集团经营通信链接。因此本题选E。

22.句意：哪个公司部分归管理层所有？由B部分中From1994Statoil’sinvolvementinPetrochemicalshasbeentransferredtoBorealis,anewpetrochemicalcompanyowned50percentbyNeste.（从1994年起，Statoil在石化领域的参与已经转移到Borealis，这是一家新的石化公司，由Neste拥有50%的股份。）可知，Statoil公司管理层持有部分的股权。因此本题选B。

23.句意：哪家公司不在欧洲开展业务？由A部分中TVXGoldInc.isaCanadian-basedgrowth-orientedinternationalminingcompanywith1993goldandgoldequivalentproductionofarecord439,000ouncesatanaveragecashcostof$172perouncefromitsinterestsinsixoperatinggoldmineslocatedinNorthandSouthAmerica.（TVXGoldInc.是一家位于加拿大的成长型国际矿业公司，1993年黄金和黄金当量产量达到创纪录的439,000盎司，平均现金成本为每盎司172美元，该公司在位于北美和南美的六个运营中的金矿拥有权益。）可知，TVXGoldInc.的业务范围只在北美洲和南美洲，不在欧洲。因此本题选A。

24.句意：哪家公司涉及到整个家庭？由G部分中BSSisownedbythe“FondationdeFamilleSandoz”andbykeyexecutivesofthebank.（BSS由“桑多斯家族基金会”和该行主要高管持有。）可知，BSS涉及到桑多斯家族。因此本题选G。

25.句意：哪些公司从自然资源中获利？由A部分中ThestrengthsofTVXGoldincludequalityreserves,longminelife（TVXGold的优势包括优质的储量、较长的矿山寿命）可知，TVXGoldInc.从黄金资源中获利。因此本题选A。

26.句意：哪些公司从自然资源中获利？由B部分中StatoilisanintegratedNorwegianoilandgascompanyandranksastheleadingoperatoronNorway’scontinentalshelf.（Statoil是一家综合性挪威石油和天然气公司，是挪威大陆架上的主要运营商。）可知，Statoil从石油和天然气资源中获利。因此本题选B。

27.句意：哪些公司直接兑换货币？由C部分中Besidesdealingroomandtreasuryactivities,thebankofferscorporatefinancialservices(includingconsultancyonmergers,acquisitionsandparticipations)aswellascomprehensivepackageofinternationalservicesthroughitsinternationalnetwork.（除了交易厅和财务活动，该行还提供企业金融服务，包括兼并、收购和参与方面的咨询，以及通过其国际网络提供全面的一揽子国际服务。）可知，TheRabobankGroup提供全面的国际金融服务，包括货币兑换。因此本题选C。

28.句意：哪些公司直接兑换货币？由G部分中Thebankfocusesonassetmanagementforprivateandinstitutionalclientsandoffersawiderangeofsecuritiesandbankingservicesincludingglobalcustody,forexandstockexchangeoperations.（该银行专注于私人和机构客户的资产管理，提供广泛的证券和银行服务，包括全球托管、外汇和证券交易所业务。）可知，BSS提供外汇业务。因此本题选G。

29.句意：哪些公司制作药物？由D部分中RobertsPharmaceuticalsisfastrealizingitsgoalofbecomingamajorpharmaceuticalcompany（Roberts制药公司正在快速实现其成为一家主要制药公司的目标）可知，RobertsPharmaceuticals是一家制药公司。因此本题选D。

30.句意：哪些公司制作药物？由F部分中Rochehasgainedahighreputationforthequalityofitsinnovativeresearchandtheoriginalcontributionithasmadetothedevelopmentofnewdrugs.（Roche因其创新研究的质量和对新药开发的原创性贡献而获得了很高的声誉。）可知，Roche公司在开发新药。因此本题选F。

6.单选题

Heisanactorof（）whohasneverabandonedhisprinciplesforthesakeofhisownbenefits.

问题1选项

A.integrity

B.stability

C.scarcity

D.dignity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项integrity“完整，正直，诚实”；B选项stability“稳定性，坚定”；C选项scarcity“不足，缺乏”；D选项dignity“尊严，高贵”。句意“他是一个正直的演员，从不为了自己的利益而放弃自己的原则。”选项A符合语境。

7.单选题

______sherealizeditwastoolatetogohome.

问题1选项

A.Nosooneritgrewdarkthan

B.Hardlydiditgrowdarkthat

C.Scarcelyhaditgrowndarkthan

D.Itwasnotuntildarkthat

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查倒装句。句意：直到天黑，她才意识到太晚了，不能回家了。A、B、C选项意思为“一……就”；A选项nosooner…than置于句首，前面部分倒装；B选项hardly…when“”和C选项scarcely…when是固定搭配。D选项itisnotuntil…that“直到……才”用法正确。因此D选项正确。

8.翻译题

美国财政部长亨利•保尔森昨天以上海为终点结束了他对亚洲三国的访问。作为美国总统的首席经济政策顾问和最主要的经济事务发言人，保尔森昨天上午在上海期货交易所所发表的主题讲演被认为是布什政府对华经济政策的最新阐述。在昨天的讲演中，保尔森多次强调中国的经济增长不仅不具有威胁性，而且对全球经济的增长有好处。他表示，美国欢迎中国发展并成为全球经济中的一员。

【答案】HenryPaulson,TreasurySecretary,leftShanghaiyesterday,wherehemadeanendofthevisittothethreecountriesinAsia.AsthechiefeconomicpolicyconsultantandeconomicaffairsspokesmanoftheAmericapresident,PaulsondeliveredakeynoteaddressinShanghaiFuturesExchange.AndtheaddresswasviewedasthelatestexpositionoftheeconomicpoliciesoftheBush-administrationtowardsChina.Duringthespeech,PaulsonrepeatedlyemphasizedthatChina’seconomicgrowthhasbenefitbutnothreattotheglobaleconomicgrowth.HedeclaredthatAmericawelcomesthedevelopmentofChinatobecomeamemberoftheglobaleconomy.

【解析】

9.单选题

Thecaptain____thehorizonforapproachingships.

问题1选项

A.scanned

B.scrutinized

C.explored

D.swept

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析与上下文语义。A选项scanned“（~sthforsth）仔细察看；审视”；B选项scrutinized“（~sb/sth）仔细审查，用挑剔的眼光以及对细节苛求的态度”；C选项explored“（实地）勘探，考察”；D选项swept“扫地；大步走”。句意：船长____地平线为了____靠近的船只。根据句意，船长应该是用眼睛仔细察看地平线，排除C、D选项；句意强调“仔细检查”，B选项中“挑剔、苛求的态度”语气过重，且从搭配的角度入手，根据原文中的介词for提示，空格处选用动词scan更好。因此，本题最佳选项为A。

10.单选题

Theycouldn’tseea____ofhopethattheywouldbesavedbyapassingship.

问题1选项

A.grain

B.span

C.sliced

D.gleam

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.grain谷物；谷粒B.span一段时间

C.sliced切成薄片D.gleam少量

【答案】D

【考查点】固定搭配。

【解题思路】固定搭配：agleamofhope“一线希望；一线生机”。由句意“他们看不到被一艘经过的船救下的希望。”可知，该选项符合语境。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合搭配。

【句意】他们看不出有一线希望能被过路的船救起。

11.单选题

Whencompaniesdobusinessoverseas,theycomeincontactwithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Theseindividualsoftenspeakadifferentlanguageandhavetheirownparticularcustomandmanners.Thesedifferencescancreateproblems.

Forexample,inFrance,businessmeetingsbeginpromptlyatthedesignatedtimeandeveryoneisexpectedtobethere.Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness.Unlessoneisawareofsuchexpectedbehaviorshemayendupinsultingthepeoplewithwhomhehopestoestablishtraderelations.

Asecondtraditionalproblemisthatofmonetaryconversions.Forexample,ifatransactionisconductedwithRussia,paymentmaybemadeinrubles.Ofcourse,thiscurrencyisoflittlevaluetotheAmericanfirm.Itis,therefore,necessarytoconverttheforeigncurrencytoAmericandollars.HowmucharetheseRussianrublesworthintermsofdollars?Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday.Forexample,therublemaybeworth0.75onMondayand0.72onTuesdaybecauseofanannouncedwheatshortageinRussia.Inaddition,thereisthedilemmaassociatedwithconvertingat0.72.Somefinancialinstitutionsmaybeunwillingtopaythisprice,feelingthattherublewillsinkmuchloweroverthenextweek.Asaresult,conversionmayfinallycomeat0.69.These“losses”mustbeacceptedbythecompanyasoneofthecostsofdoingbusinessoverseas.

Athirduniqueproblemistradebarriers.Foronereasonoranother,allcountriesimposetradebarriersoncertaingoodscrossingtheirborders.Sometradebarriersaredirectlyrelatedtoexports.Forexample,theUnitedStatespermitsstrategicmilitarymaterialtobeshippedabroadonlyaftergovernmentpermissionhasbeenobtained.Mosttradebarriers,however,aredesignedtorestrictimport.Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.InFrance,tardybusinesspeople

（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,conversionrates

（

）.

4.Theintendedaudienceofthispassageare

（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingislikelytobediscussedinthenextparagraph?

问题1选项

A.HowtoSucceedinInternationalTrade

B.MonetaiyConversion

C.TradeBarriers

D.UniqueProblemsinInternationalTrade

问题2选项

A.areofteninsulted

B.oftensufferfromcoldness

C.areoftenleftoutdoorswaiting

D.areoftenaskedtopolishtheirshoes

问题3选项

A.arealwaysnotchanging

B.aredeterminedbyfinancialinstitutions

C.areagreeduponbytwotradingcountries

D.varyfromdaytoday

问题4选项

A.professorsofeconomics

B.postgraduatestudentsofinternationaltrade

C.beginnersofbusiness

D.businesspeople

问题5选项

A.Exporttradebarriers.

B.Quotasandtariffs.

C.Reasonsforimposingtradingbarriers.

D.Measurestobreakdowntradebarriers.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。第一段先指出“当企业从事海外业务时通常都会接触到来着不同文化的人”,后面分别从时间观、货币兑换以及贸易壁垒三个方面举例阐述并给出建议。故A项“如何在国际贸易中获得成功”最适合做文章标题。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词tardybusinesspeople定位至第二段:Foreignbusinesspeoplewhoaretardyareoftenleftoutsidetocooltheirheelsasameansoflettingthemknowtheimportanceofpromptness(迟到的外贸业务人员通常会遭遇长吋间等候，这也是一种让他们知道准吋的重要性的方法)。因此C项“通常需要在门外等候”正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词conversionrates定位至第三段:Thisconversionrateisdeterminedbyeverymarket,wherethecurrenciesofcountriesareboughtandsold.Thusthereisanestablishedrate,althoughitwilloftenfluctuatefromdaytoday(汇率是由支持货币流通的市场情况决定的。因此，尽管汇率每天都会波动，但也会有一个既定的比率),故选C“每天都会变化”。

4.判断推理题。文章主要讨论的是海外贸易过程中可能遇到的因地区差异导致的问题,因此推测文章的目标受众是“商业人士”。

5.判断推理题。最后一段讲到了国际贸易中的第三个问题-贸易壁垒,最后一句指出:Twoofthemostcommonimportbarriersarequotasandtariffs(两种最主要的进口壁垒就是配额与关税),因此推测下一段将讨论“配额与关税”。

12.填空题

NowwhenIhadmasteredthelanguageofthiswater,andhadcometoknoweverytriflingfeaturesthatborderedthegreatriverasfamiliarlyasIknewthelettersofthealphabet,Ihadmadeavaluableacquisition.ButIhadlostsomethingtoo.Ihadlostsomethingwhichcouldneverbe（1）tomewhileIlived.Allthegrace,thebeauty,thepoetryhadgoneoutofthemajesticriver!Istillkeepin（2）acertainwonderfulsunsetwhichIwitnessedwhensteam-boatingwasnewtome.Abroadexpanseoftheriverwasturnedtoblood;inthemiddledistancetheredhuebrightenedintogold,（3）whichasolitarylogcamefloatingblackandconspicuous,inoneplacealong,slantingmarklaysparkinguponthewater;in（4）thesurfacewasbrokenbyboiling,tumblingrings,thatwereasmany-tintedasanopal;（5）theruddyflushwasfaintest,wasasmoothspotthatwascoveredwithgracefulcirclesandradiatinglines,eversodelicatelytraced;theshore（6）ourleftwasdenselywoodedandthesombershadowthat（7）fromthisforestwasbrokeninoneplacebyalong,ruffledtrailthatshonelikesilver;andhigh（8）theforestwallaclean-stemmeddeadtreewavedasingleleafyboughthatglowedlikeaflameintheunobstructedsplendorthatwasflowingfromthesun.Thereweregracefulcurves,reflectedimages,softdistances;andoverthewholescene,（9）andnear,thedissolvinglightsdriftedsteadilyenriching（10）everypassingmomentwithnewmarvelsofcoloring.

【答案】1.restored

2.mind

3.through

4.another

5.where

6.on

7.fell

8.above

9.far

10.it

【解析】1.考查上下文理解。句意：我失去了一些在有生之年永远不会再得到的东西。所以空格处应该填写restored。

2.考查前后逻辑和固定搭配。根据句意可知是作者仍然记得落日的美，keepinmind“记住”。

3.考查定语从句，形式为介词+which，根据前后文，空格处应该填through。

4.考查前后逻辑。空格处所在的前一句出现了inoneplace，可知空格处应该是提到另一个地方，所以填another。

5.考查主语从句。空格处需要填写一个词来引导主语从句，where符合题意。

6.考查介词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“我们左边的河岸”。onourleft“在我们左边”。

7.考查动词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“树林里投下来的影子”。fall“落下，掉下”符合题意。此处采用的是过去时态，所以填fell。

8.考查介词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“在高高的林墙上面”。above”在……上方”。

9.考查固定搭配。farandnear“到处”。

10.考查代词的用法。空格处所在的句子说的是“落日的余晖正在慢慢消逝，向大地展现神奇的光芒。”此处填it。

13.单选题

Whyshouldanyonebuythelatestvolumeintheever-expandingDictionaryofNationalBiography?Idonotmeanthatitisbad,asthereviewerswillagree.Butitwillcostyou65pounds.Andhaveyougottherestofvo