考研考博-英语-中南林业科技大学考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-中南林业科技大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Therearemanywaystorecycleusedmaterials,forexample,___rubberfromoldtires.

问题1选项

A.detecting

B.declaring

C.reclaiming

D.requiring

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项detect“察觉；发现；探测”；B选项declare“宣布，声明；断言，宣称”；C选项reclaim“开拓；回收再利用；改造某人，使某人悔改；抗议，喊叫”；D选项require“需要；要求；命令”。句意：有很多方法回收使用过的材料，例如，从旧轮胎中回收橡胶。结合此处语境，C选项正确。

2.翻译题

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Whathopesandfearsdoesthescientificmethodimplyformankind?Idonotthinkthatthisistherightwaytoputthequestion.Whateverthistoolinthehandofmenwillproducedependsentirelyonthenatureofthegoalsaliveinthismankind.Oncethesegoalsexist,thescientificmethodfurnishesmeanstorealizethem.Yetitcannotfurnishtheverygoals.Thescientificmethoditselfwouldnothaveledanywhere.Itwouldnotevenhavebeenbornwithoutapassionatestrivingforclearunderstanding.

Perceptionofmeansandconfusionofgoalsseem,inmyopinion,tocharacterizeourage,ifwedesiresincerelyandpassionatelythesafety,thewelfareandthefreedevelopmentofthetalentsofallmen,weshallnotbeinwantofthemeanstoapproachsuchastate.Evenifonlyasmallpartofmankindstrivesforsuchgoals,theirsuperioritywillproveitselfinthelongrun.

Followingdifferentapproaches:a19th-centuryRussianPhysiologist(I.M.Sechenov),theU.S.founderofthebehavioristschoolofpsychology(J.R.Watson),anda20th-centurySwissdevelopmentalpsychologist(Piaget)allarrivedattheconclusionthattheactivitiesthatserveaselementsofthinkingareinternalizedoffractionalversionsofmotorresponses;thatis,theelementsareconsideredtobeattenuatedorcurtailedvariantsofneuromuscularprocessesthat,iftheywerenotsubjectedtopartialinhibition,wouldgiverisetovisiblebodilymovements.

【答案】

科学方法为人类隐含着什么希望和恐惧呢？我认为这样提出这个问题是不恰当的。人类使用手中的工具生产出什么完全取决于人类存在的目标的本质。一旦这些目标存在，科学方法提供手段来实现它们。但是不能提供目标本身。科学方法本身不能产生任何影响。而且，只有充满激情地去努力寻找正确的理解科学方法才会产生。

在我看来，对于方法的感知和目标的困惑看起来是我们这个时代的特征。如果我们真心实意并且热情地希望整个人类能够生活在一个安全、好福利并且自由发展的社会，我们就不会缺少达到这个目标的方法。即使只有少部分人追求这个目标，从长远来看，它们的优势将会被证明。

19世纪俄国生理学家（谢东诺夫）、美国行为主义心理学派创始人（华生）与20世纪瑞士发展心理学家（皮亚杰）采用不同的方法，得出了同样的结论，那就是充当思考要素的行为是内化的或者微小的运动反应，也就是说这些要素被认为是神经肌肉过程的缩小体，如果它们没有受到部分抑制，会产生可见的身体运动。

3.单选题

Thisborderincidentledtothetwocountries（）diplomaticrelationsin1965.

问题1选项

A.breakingup

B.finishing

C.cuttingout

D.breakingoff

【答案】A

【解析】词组辨析题。breakingup终止；cuttingout

切断；breakingoff

突然停止。句意：这一边境问题导致两国于1965年终止外交关系。选项A符合句意。

4.单选题

（）choosetoliveinornearmetropolitanareassimplybecausetheyliketherapidpaceofcitylife.

问题1选项

A.Largenumberofpeople

B.Solargenumberofpeopleto

C.Therearelargenumberofpeople

D.Largenumberofpeoplewho

【答案】A

【解析】语法知识。根据后面because引导的原因状语从句，可知前一句为主句，主句缺主语。选项A符合题意。

5.单选题

GregoryCurrie,aprofessorofphilosophyeattheUniversityofNottingham,recentlyarguedinTheNewYorkTimesthatweoughtnottoclaimthatliteratureimprovesusaspeople,becausethereisno“compellingevidencethatsuggeststhatpeoplearemorallyorsociallybetterforreadingTolstoy”orothergreatbooks.

Actually,thereissuchevidence.RaymondMar,apsychologistatYorkUniversityinCanada,andKeithOatley,aprofessorofcognitivepsychologyattheUniversityofToronto,reportedinstudiespublishedin2006and2009thatindividualswhooftenreadfictionappeartobebetterabletounderstandotherpeople,empathize(起共鸣)withthemandviewtheworldfromtheirperspective.Thislinkpersistedevenaftertheresearchersfactoredinthepossibilitythatmoreempatheticindividualsmightchoosetoreadmorenovels.

Recentresearchincognitivescience,psychologyandneurosciencehasdemonstratedthatdeepreadingofbooksisadistinctiveexperience,verydifferentfromtheinformation-drivenreadingwedoontheWeb.Althoughdeepreadingdoesnot,strictlyspeaking,requireaconventionalbook,thebuilt-inlimitsoftheprintedpageareuniquelyconducivetothedeepreadingexperience.Abook'slackofhyperlinksallowsthereadertoremainfullyimmersedinthenarrative,withouthavingtomakesuchdecisionsaswhethertoclickonalinkornot.

Thatimmersionissupportedbythewaythebrainhandleslanguagerichinsensorydetailandemotionalandmoralcomplexity,bycreatingamentalrepresentationthatdrawsonthesamebrainregionsthatwouldbeactiveifthescenewereunfoldinginreallife.Theemotionalsituationsandmoraldilemmasthatarethestuffofliteraturearealsovigorousexerciseforthebrain,propellingusinsidetheheadsoffictionalcharactersandevenincreasingourreal-lifecapacityforempathy.

Thisisnotreadingasmanyyoungpeoplearecomingtoknowit.Theirreading,mostlydoneonscreen,ispragmaticandinstrumental.Ifweallowourchildrentobelievereadingonscreenisallthereis,wewillhavedeprivedthemofanenjoyableandenlighteningexperiencethatwillenlargethemaspeople.Insteadmoldingoureducationaroundyoungpeople’sattachmenttodigitaldevicesandonscreenhabits,weneedtoshowthemsomeplacethey’veneverbeento,aplaceonlydeepreadingcantakethemto.

1.Prof,GregoryCurriearguesthat（）.

2.ThestudiesofRaymondMarandKeithOatleyshowthat（）.

3.Deepreadingofpaperbookscomparedwithreadingontheweb（）.

4.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheauthor（）.

问题1选项

A.literaturedoesn'tshowpeople’smoralorsocialstandards

B.onlygoodliteratureshowspeople’smoralandsocialvalues

C.readingfictionwon'timprovepeoplemorallyorsocially

D.onlyreadinggreatbooksbenefitspeoplemorallyandsocially

问题2选项

A.empatheticpeoplearemorelikelytoreadnovelsoften

B.empatheticpeoplehaveabetterperspectiveontheworld

C.readingfictionencouragespeopletobemorepersistent

D.readingfictionhelpspeopleunderstandothersbetter

问题3选项

A.requiresreaderstodomorecarefulthinking

B.enablesreaderstostayabsorbedinthestory

C.givesreadersmanylinkstoothermaterials

D.allowsreaderstochoosetheirfuturereading

问题4选项

A.supportsuseofdigitaldevicesinclassroom

B.prefersreadingonscreentoreadingpaperbooks

C.takesapositiveapproachtoeducationreforms

D.holdsanegativeattitudetowardreadingonscreen

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干定位到文章首段，“recentlyarguedinTheNewYorkTimesthatweoughtnottoclaimthatliteratureimprovesusaspeople,becausethereisno“compellingevidencethatsuggeststhatpeoplearemorallyorsociallybetterforreadingTolstoy"orothergreatbooks.”最近在《纽约时报》上提出，我们不应该声称文学提高了我们作为人的水平，因为没有“令人信服的证据表明，阅读托尔斯泰或其他伟大著作的人在道德上或社会上更优秀”。A选项“文学不能体现出人们的道德和社会水平”，B选项“只有好的文学可以体现人们的道德和社会水平”，C选项“阅读小说不会提高人们的道德或社会地位”，D选项“只有读伟大的书籍，才能使人在道德和社会上受益”。因此，C选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第二段的第二句话“individualswhooftenreadfictionappeartobebetterabletounderstandotherpeople,empathize(起共鸣)withthemandviewtheworldfromtheirperspective.”人经常读小说似乎能更好地理解他人,与他们起共鸣,从他们的角度看待这个世界。A选项“具有同理心的人更有可能经常阅读小说”，B选项“有同理心的人对世界有更好的看法”，C选项“读小说能使人更有毅力”,D选项“读小说可以帮助人们更好地理解别人”。因此，D选项符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文第三段，“Abook'slackofhyperlinksallowsthereadertoremainfullyimmersedinthenarrative,withouthavingtomakesuchdecisionsaswhethertoclickonalinkornot.”一本书没有超链接，读者可以完全沉浸在叙述中，而不必决定是否点击链接。A选项“要求读者做更细致的思考”，B选项“使读者在故事中保持专注”，C选项“给读者提供许多其他材料的链接”，D选项“允许读者选择未来的读物”。因此，B选项符合题意。

4.观点态度题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段,“Ifweallowourchildrentobelievereadingonscreenisallthereis,wewillhavedeprivedthemofanenjoyableandenlighteningexperiencethatwillenlargethemaspeople.”如果我们允许我们的孩子相信在屏幕上阅读就是一切，我们就剥夺了他们一种愉快而有启发性的体验，而这种体验可以扩大他们的知识面。A选项“支持在课堂上使用数字设备”，B选项“比起纸质书，作者更喜欢看屏幕”，C选项“对教育改革采取积极的态度”，D选项“对屏幕阅读持消极态度的人”。因此，D选项符合题意。

6.单选题

Ininternationalbankingtoday,abankmusthaveadeep（

）intointernationalfinancialmarkets.

问题1选项

A.idea

B.understanding

C.knowledge

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今的国际银行业，一个银行必须对国际金融市场有深入的洞察。idea“观点；主意”；understanding“理解”；knowledge“知识”；insight“洞察力”。根据句意，选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Thefutureofthiscompanyis（

）:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenet-basedbusinesses.

问题1选项

A.atodds

B.introuble

C.invain

D.atstake

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。atodds“有分歧，争执”；introuble“陷入困境”；invain“徒劳”；atstake“濒于险境”。句意：这家公司面临危机：很多有才的员工正流向获利更高的网络公司。选项D符合题意。

8.翻译题

Directions:ReadthefollowingtwotextscarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET.(10points)

(1)Sexprejudicesarebasedonandjustifiedbytheideologythatbiologyisdestiny.Accordingtothisideology,basicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesexistbetweenthesexes.Thesedifferencesrequireeachsextoplayaseparateroleinsociallife.Womenaretheweakersex—bothphysicallyandemotionally.(2)Thus,theyarenaturallysuited,muchmoresothanmen,totheperformanceofdomesticduties.Awoman’splace,undernormalcircumstances,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.Naturehasdeterminedthatwomenplaycaretakerroles,suchaswifeandmotherandhomemaker.Ontheotherhand,menarebestsuitedtogooutintothecompetitiveworldofworkandpolitics,whereseriousresponsibilitiesmustbetakenon.Menaretobetheproviders;womenandchildrenare“dependents.”

(3)Theideologyalsoholdsthatwomenwhowishtoworkoutsidethehouseholdshouldnaturallyfillthesejobsthatareinlinewiththespecialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Itisthusappropriateforwomen,notmen,tobeemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschoolteachers,householdhelpers,andclerksandsecretaries.Thesepositionsaresimplyanextensionofwomen’sdomesticrole.Informaldistinctionsbetween“women’swork”and“men’swork”inthelaborforce,accordingtotheideology,aresimplyafunctionalreflectionofthebasicdifferencesbetweenthesexes.

(4)Finally,theideologysuggeststhatnaturehasworkedherwillinanothersignificantway.Forthehumanspeciestosurviveovertime,itsmembersmustregularlyreproduce.Thus,womenmust,whetherathomeorinthelaborforce,makethemostoftheirphysicalappearance.

Sogoestheideology.Itis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesrequireeachtoplaysex-definedrolesinsociallife.(5)Thereisampleevidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoseroledifferencesthatdoexistarelargelylearned.

Buttothedegreepeopleactuallybelievethatbiologyisdestinyandthatnatureintendedformenandwomentomakedifferentcontributionstosociety,sex-definedroleswillbeseenastotallyacceptable.

【答案】1.性别歧视是在生理由先天决定这一思想基础上产生的，并被其合理化。根据这一思想，生理和心理的基本差异存在于性别之中。

2.这样，女人天生比男人更加适合履行家庭职责。在通常情况下，女人的位置处于在家里这个被保护的环境中。

3.这种思想还认为，想要走出家庭到外面工作的女人自然就应该在那些适合她们性别的行业里的工作。

4.最后，这种思想还认为，自然以另一种显著的方式行使了自己的意志。人类要长远生存下来，它的成员必须有规律地繁衍。

5.有充足的证据表明，性别角色在不同的社会里是不同的，而且这些确实存在的角色差异大都是后天学来的。

9.单选题

Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood,whoshouldbeallowedtocome,workandlivehere?InthewakeoftheSept11attacksthesequestionshaveneverseemedmorepressing.

OnDec.11,2001,aspartoftheefforttoincreasehomelandsecurity,federalandlocalauthoritiesin14statesstaged“OperationSafeTravel”一raidsonairportstoarrestemployeeswithfalseidentification.InSaltLakeCitytherewere69arrests.Butthosecapturedwereanythingbutterrorists,mostofthemillegalimmigrantsfromCentralorSouthAmerica.Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers’illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmailbyterrorists.

ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.

MayorAndersonsaidthosefeelingswerejustifiedtoacertainextent,“We’resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we’regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare,andthenwhenit’sconvenientforus,orwhenwecantrytomakeapointintermsofnationalsecurity,especiallyafterSept.11,thenyou’redisposable.Therearewholefamiliesbeinguprootedforallofthewrongreasons,”Andersonsaid.

IfSept.11hadneverhappened,theairportworkerswouldnothavebeenarrestedandcouldhavegoneonquietlylivinginAmerica,probablyindefinitely.AnaCastro,amanagerataBen&Jerry’sicecreamshopattheairporthadbeenworking10yearswiththesamefalseSocialSecuritycardwhenshewasarrestedintheDecemberairportraid.Nowsheandherfamilyarelivingunderthethreatofdeportation,Castro’scaseiscurrentlywaitingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,thegovernmenthasgrantedherpermissiontoworkhereandshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry’s.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theUnitedStatesclaimstobeanation（

）.

2.HowdidtheimmigrantsinSaltLakeCityfeelabout“OperationSafeTravel?

3.Undocumentedworkersbecamethetargetof“OperationSafeTravel”because（

）.

4.Bysayingwe’regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare”(Line2,Para.4),MayorAndersonmeans“（

）

5.WhatdowelearnaboutAnaCastrofromthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.composedofpeoplehavingdifferentvalues

B.encouragingindividualpursuits

C.sharingcommoninterests

D.foundedonsharedideals

问题2选项

A.Guilty

B.Offended

C.Disappointed

D.Discouraged

问题3选项

A.evidencewasfoundthattheywerepotentialterrorists

B.mostofthemworkedatairportsunderthreatofterrorists

C.terroristsmighttakeadvantageoftheirillegalstatus

D.theywerereportedlyhelpinghideterroristsaroundtheairport

问题4选项

A.wewillturnablindeyetoyourillegalstatus

B.wewillexaminethelawsinadifferentway

C.thereareotherwaysofenforcingthelaw

D.theexistinglawsmustnotbeignored

问题5选项

A.Shewillbedeportedsoonerorlater.

B.Sheisallowedtostaypermanently.

C.Hercasehasbeendropped

D.Herfateremainsuncertain.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据文章第一句Inacountrythatdefinesitselfbyideals,notbysharedblood,whoshouldbeallowedtocome,workandlivehere?在一个以理想而非以共同血缘为基石的国家，应该允许什么样的人来工作和居住呢？由此可以得知美国重视共同的理想(sharedideals)。所以D选项正确。

2.根据第三段ManyimmigrantsinSaltLakeCitywereangeredbythearrestsandsaidtheyfeltasiftheywerebeingtreatedlikedisposablegoods.盐湖城的许多移民都对这次逮捕表示愤慨，他们说感觉自己就像是一次性商品一样被对待。确定移民们反应强烈，自尊心受到很大伤害，所以B选项‘被冒犯的’符合题意。A‘有罪的‘、C‘失望的‘、D‘气馁的’都不能与文章angered的意思符合，所以排除。

3.根据第二段最后一句‘Authoritiessaidtheundocumentedworkers'illegalstatusmadethemopentoblackmailbyterrorists.当局声称这些没有合法证件的劳工的非法身份使他们极易受到恐怖分子的讹诈，’确定C选项‘恐怖分子可能会利用他们不合法的身份’正确。根据第二段Butthosecapturedwereanythingbutterrorists,mostofthemillegalimmigrantsfromCentralorSouthAmerica.但这些被捕的人并非恐怖分子，他们大多数人只是中南美洲的非法移民。确定A选项‘有证据表明他们是潜在的恐怖分子‘错误。B选项’他们大多数在机场工作，并且受到恐怖分子的威胁‘前半句是事实，但后半句原文没有提及。D选项‘他们被举报正在帮助机场周围的恐怖分子‘文中完全没有提及。所以排除。

4.根据第四段We’resayingwewantyoutoworkintheseplaces,we’regoingtolooktheotherwayintermsofwhatourlawsare,andthenwhenit’sconvenientforus,orwhenwecantrytomakeapointintermsofnationalsecurity,especiallyafterSept.11,thenyou’redisposable.我们说希望你们来这些地方工作，我们会想其他办法来对法律中的规定做出解释。然而当一切都方便我们行动时或是在我们谈到国家安全问题的时候，尤其是‘‘911事件”后，你们就任由处置了。可以推测美国在劳动力短缺时期对非法移民是睁一眼闭一眼的，所以A选项‘我们将会对你们的非法身份视而不见‘正确。C选项’有强化法律的其他方法‘与题目中looktheotherway“视而不见，忽视”矛盾了。B选项’我们将会采取不同的方式监管法律‘和D选项’现存的法律不容忽视‘文中没有提及，排除。

5.根据最后一段第三、四句：Nowsheandherfamilyarelivingunderthethreatofdeportation,Castro’scaseiscurrentlywaitingtobesettled.Whilesheawaitstheoutcome,thegovernmenthasgrantedherpermissiontoworkhereandshehasreturnedtoherjobatBen&Jerry’s.现在，她和她的家人每天都生活在要被驱逐出境的威胁之中。卡斯特罗的案件目前正等待最终审理。政府已允许她在等候审判结果期间在美国工作，现在她已重新回到了Ben&Jerry冰激凌店工作。确定D选项‘她的命运尚不确定‘正确。

10.单选题

______theuseofnickelin1835,spoonsandforksweremademainlyofsilver.

问题1选项

A.Atthetimeof

B.After

C.Priorto

D.Superiorto

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项Atthetimeof“在……时候”；B选项After“在……之后”；C选项Priorto“在……之前”；D选项Superiorto“优于”。句意：在1835年使用镍______，勺子和叉子主要是用银制作的。根据语境，横线处需要表示时间关系，这里指的是在没有用镍制作勺子和叉子之前，主要是用银来制作，C选项Priorto“在……之前”符合题意。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Hebelievesthatit’swrongthatsomepeopleshouldenjoywealth,privilege,influenceandpowersolely（）anaccidentofbirth.

问题1选项

A.onthegroundof

B.forthesakeof

C.inviewof

D.byvirtueof

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词词组辨析。onthegroundof“以……为理由，因为”；forthesakeof“为了……的利益”；inviewof“鉴于，考虑到”；byvirtueof“由于，凭借”。句意：他认为有些人一出生就可以享受财富、特权和权势的观点是错误的。选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Susanisstudyingalgebraandgeometry,and（）she’stakingmicrocomputerlessons.

问题1选项

A.inamoment

B.inbrief

C.inaddition

D.inconclusion

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。inamoment“立刻，立即”；inbrief“简言之”；inaddition“另外，此外”；inconclusion“总之，最后”。句意：Susan正在学习代数和几何学，此外，她还在学习微型计算机课程。and表示并列关系，代数，几何，微型计算机课程都是并列关系，故C项正确。

13.单选题

Whatistheproperbalancebetweenthecultureheritageandtheglobalizationthatthreatensto（

）theworldinonemodel?

问题1选项

A.classify

B.justify

C.purify

D.unify

【答案】D

【解析】classify分类，分等；justify证明合法，替……辩护；purify净化，使纯净；unify统一，使一致。句意：文化遗产和威胁世界统一成一种模式的全球化之间的适当平衡是什么？选项D符合句意。

14.单选题

（）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbesothrivingasitis.

问题1选项

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Wereitnot

C.Beitnot

D.Shoulditnotbe

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：要不是公众及时投资，我们公司就不会像现在这样繁荣。由此可知，主句和从句发生的时间不一致，主句是对现在的虚拟，所以用would+动词原形；从句是对过去的虚拟，投资发生在公司繁荣之前，所以应使用过去完成时，即had+过去分词。虚拟条件句中如果含有助动词should、had和were，可以将if省略，将助动词提前。这里还原应该是“Ifithadnotbeenforthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic…”，将助动词提前之后就是Haditnotbeen，所以选项A正确。

15.单选题

Andersonheldouthisarmsto（）theattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.

问题1选项

A.turnoff

B.wardoff

C.triggeroff

D.calloff

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项turnoff“关掉”；B选项wardoff“避开、挡住”；C选项triggeroff“引起、激起”；D选项calloff“取消、放弃”，句意为：安德森伸出双臂挡住鲨鱼的攻击，但鲨鱼咬住他的右前臂，潜入水中。wardoff“避开、挡住”符合题意，因此选B。

16.单选题

Happy（）theywere,therewassomethingmissing.

问题1选项

A.though

B.which

C.as

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】though虽然；which哪个;as像，如;尽管;虽然；since自从。句意：尽管他们是快乐的，但总缺少些什么。句子之间有一个转折关系，though一般放在句子句首，as表示让步时，采用倒装句式，表语一般放在从句之首，故C选项正确。

17.不定项选择题

Thefirstthingtonoticeisthatthemediawe’reallfamiliarwith—frombookstotelevision—areone-waypropositions:theypushtheircontentatus.TheWebistwo-way,pushandpull.Infinerpoint,itcombinestheone-wayreachofbroadcastwiththetwo-wayreciprocityofamid-cast.Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverandsenderofbroadcast—aconfusingproperty,butmind-stretching!

AsecondaspectoftheWebisthatitisthefirstmediumthathonorsthenotionofmultipleintelligences.Thispastcentury’sconceptofliteracygrewoutofourintensebeliefintext,afocusenhancedbythepowerofoneparticulartechnology—thetypewriter.Itbecameagreattoolforwritersbutaterribleoneforothercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,orevenmathematics.Thetypewriterprizedoneparticularkindofintelligence,butwiththeWeb,wesuddenlyhaveamediumthathonorsmultipleformsofintelligence—abstract,textual,visual,musical,social,andkinesthetic.Aseducators,wenowhaveachancetoconstructamediumthatenablesallyoungpeopletobecomeengagedintheiridealwayoflearning.TheWebaffordsthematchweneedbetweenamediumandhowaparticularpersonlearns.

AthirdandunusualaspectoftheWebisthatitleveragesthesmalleffortsofthemanywiththelargeeffortsofthefew.Forexample,researchersintheMaricopaCountyCommunityCollegesysteminPhoenixhavefoundawaytolinkasetofseniorcitizenswithpupilsintheLongviewElementarySchool,ashelper-mentors.It’swonderfultoseekidslistentothesegrandparentsbetterthantheydototheirownparents,thementoringreallyhelpstheirteachers,andtheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselves.Thus,thesmalleffortsoftheman—theseniors—complementthelargeeffortsofthefew—theteachers.ThesamethingcanbefoundinoperationatHewlett-Packard,whereengineersusetheWebtohelpkidswithscienceormathproblems.Bothoftheseexamplesbarelyscratchthesurfaceaswethinkaboutwhat’spossiblewhenwestartinterlacingresourceswithneedsacrossawholeregion.

1.Whatdoesthewordmind-stretchingimply?

A.Obtainingone’smentalpower.

B.Strengtheningone’spowerofthought.

C.Makinggreatdemandsonone’smentalpower.

D.Exertingone’smentalpowerasfaraspossible.

2.Whatisaterribletoolforactivitiessuchassketchingandpainting?

A.Technology.

B.Typewriter.

C.Text.

D.Theweb.

3.Whichgroupofpeoplemakesomeeffortstohelppupilsinelementaryschools?

A.Teachers.

B.Researchers.

C.Grandparents.

D.Seniorcitizens.

4.Thesentencetheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselvesmeanstheseniors（）.

A.acquireanewmeaningoftheirlives

B.understandthemeaningoftheweb

C.createawebsiteforthemselves

D.addanewmeaningtotheweb

5.Theexpression“scratchthesurface”mostprobablymeans（）.

A.thinkhardinapuzzledway

B.dealwithaproblemthoroughly

C.treatasubjectwithoutbeingthorough

D.workoutasolutionforaproblemeasily

问题1选项

A.Obtainingone’smentalpower.

B.Strengtheningone’spowerofthought.

C.Makinggreatdemandsonone’smentalpower.

D.Exertingone’smentalpowerasfaraspossible.

问题2选项

A.Technology.

B.Typewriter.

C.Text.

D.Theweb.

问题3选项

A.Teachers.

B.Researchers.

C.Grandparents.

D.Seniorcitizens.

问题4选项

A.acquireanewmeaningoftheirlives

B.understandthemeaningoftheweb

C.createawebsiteforthemselves

D.addanewmeaningtotheweb

问题5选项

A.thinkhardinapuzzledway

B.dealwithaproblemthoroughly

C.treatasubjectwithoutbeingthorough

D.workoutasolutionforaproblemeasily

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】词义推测题。由题干关键词“mind-stretching”可以定位到文章第一段最后一句Indeed,itsusercanatoncebeareceiverandsenderofbroadcast—aconfusingproperty,butmind-stretching!（事实上，它的使用者可以同时成为广播的接收者和发送者——这是一个令人困惑的特性，但也是精神的伸展！），说明“mind-stretching”在文中是指“在使用网络时需要投入更多的精神力”的意思。因此C选项“对一个人的精神力量有很大的要求”正确。A选项“获得一个人的精神力量”，B选项“加强一个人的思想能力”，D选项“尽可能地发挥一个人的精神力量”均不符合题意，所以A，B，D错误。

2.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段第二、三句Thispastcentury’sconceptofliteracygrewoutofourintensebeliefintext,afocusenhancedbythepowerofoneparticulartechnology—thetypewriter.Itbecameagreattoolforwritersbutaterribleoneforothercreativeactivitiessuchassketching,painting,notatingmusic,orevenmathematics.（上个世纪读写的概念源于我们对文字的强烈信仰，这种信仰因一种特殊技术——打字机的力量而得到加强。打字机成为作家的伟大工具，但对于其他创造性活动，如素描、绘画、音乐记录，甚至数学，却是一个糟糕的工具。），说明对于素描和绘画等活动来说，打字机是一个糟糕的工具。因此B选项“打字机”正确。A选项“技术”，C选项“文本”，D选项“网络”均不符合原文内容，所以A，C，D错误。

3.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第二句Forexample,researchersintheMaricopaCountyCommunityCollegesysteminPhoenixhavefoundawaytolinkasetofseniorcitizenswithpupilsintheLongviewElementarySchool,ashelper-mentors.（例如，凤凰城马里科帕县社区学院系统的研究人员找到了一种方法，将一组老年人与朗维尤小学的学生联系起来，作为帮助-指导者。），说明帮助小学生的是老年人群。因此D选项“老年人”正确。A选项“教师”，B选项“研究人员”，C选项“祖父母”均不符合原文内容，所以A，B，C错误。

4.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第三句It’swonderfultoseekidslistentothesegrandparentsbetterthantheydototheirownparents,thementoringreallyhelpstheirteachers,andtheseniorscreateasenseofmeaningforthemselves.（看到孩子们比起父母更听祖父母的话，这种指导真的有助于他们的老师，而且老年人为自己创造了一种意义，这真是太好了。），说明老年人为自己的生活创造了新的意义。因此A选项“获得他们生活的新意义”正确。B选项“了解网络的意义”，C选项“为自己创建一个网站”，D选项“为网络增加新的意义”在文中均没有提及，所以B，C，D错误。

5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。由题干关键词“scratchthesurface”可以定位到文章最后一段最后一句Bothoftheseexamplesbarelyscratchthesurfaceaswethinkaboutwhat’spossiblewhenwestartinterlacingresourceswithneedsacrossawholeregion.（当我们开始考虑将资源与整个地区的需求相结合时，这两个例子都只是皮毛。），说明“scratchthesurface”在文中是指“只触及到问题的表面，没有深入”的意思。因此C选项“对待一个问题不彻底”正确。A选项“以一种疑惑的方式努力思考”，B选项“彻底处理一个问题”，D选项“轻松找到解决问题的办法”均不符合题意，所以A，B，D错误。

18.单选题

Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor“analyzed”,untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.

Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling“interpretation”ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilms,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit.

Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan“analyzing”it,ifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis“acriticismoflife”,and“aheighteningoflife”.Itis“anapproachtothetruthoffeeling”,andit“cansaveyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.

IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.

1.Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasafunctionofpoetry?

3.Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents（）.

4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

5.Thephrase“makeroom”inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby（）.

问题1选项

A.discussitwithothers

B.analyzeitbyoneself

C.copyitdowninanotebook

D.practicereadingitaloud

问题2选项

A.Extendingyourlife

B.Savingyourlife

C.Criticizinglife

D.Heighteninglife

问题3选项

A.tounderstandlife

B.toenjoypoetry

C.tobecometeachers

D.tobecomepoets

问题4选项

A.Morestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.

B.Poetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

C.Onecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetry.

D.Poetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses.

问题5选项

A.“buildabooth”

B.“provideequipment”

C.“leaveacertainamountoftime”

D.“setasideenoughspace”

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文第一段的第一句“Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor‘analyzed’,untilithasbeenread