考研考博-英语-广西中医药大学赛恩斯新医药学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西中医药大学赛恩斯新医药学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseontheAnswerSheet.

Wecannotacceptthegrowingthreatposedbyclimatechange,whichcouldforeverdamagetheworldthatwepassontoourchildren,sowingconflictandfamine,destroyingcoastlinesandemptyingcities.Andthat’swhyallnationsmustnowaccepttheirshareofresponsibilityfortransformingthewaythatweuseenergy.

Wecan’tacceptaworldinwhichmorepeoplearedeniedopportunityanddignitythatallpeopleyearnfor:theabilitytogetaneducationandmakeadecentliving,thesecuritythatyouwon’thavetoliveinfearofdiseaseorviolencewithouthopeforthefuture.

Iknowthesechallengescanbemet,solongasit’srecognizedthattheywillnotbemetbyonepersonoronenationalone.Thisawardisnotsimplyabouttheeffortsofmyadministration;it’saboutthecourageouseffortsofpeoplearoundtheworld.

【答案】我们不能接受气候变化造成的日益严重的威胁，那可能会永久性地损害我们传给子孙后代的这个世界。我们不能播下冲突和饥荒的种子，摧毁海岸线，使城市萧条。这就是为什么我们所有国家现在必须承担各自的责任，改变我们使用能源的方式。

我们不能接受一个更多人被剥夺机会和尊严的世界，这种人人渴望的机会和尊严就是：能够接受教育，能够过上体面的生活，有安全感，即你不必在疾病或者暴力恐怖的担忧中没有希望地生活。

我知道这些挑战是可以应对的，只要人们认识到这些挑战不会由一个人或一个国家单独应对。这个奖项不仅仅是我政府的努力，而是全世界人民的勇敢努力。

2.单选题

Theoldbeliefthattheuniverseneverchangesisquitewrong.Evenbeforetheinventionofthetelescope,astronomersnoticedthatbrightstarssuddenlyappearinthesky，andthenlaterdisappear.（1）Infactwenowknowthattheyarereallyoldstarswhichareslowlydying.Arecentcaseofanovaoccurredin1918，andoneofthefewpeoplewhosawthiswastheAmericanastronomerEdwardBarnard.Hewasdrivingalonginacar,occasionallylookingupintothesky.Suddenlyhenoticedastarthathehadneverseenbefore,andexclaimed,“Thatstarshouldnotbethere!”Hewasinfactwatchingtheexplosionofanova.

（2）Astheydoso,theyletouthugecloudsofmaterial.Sometimesaslargeastheearth,andtheseexplodeintospaceataspeedofabout8，000,000kilometersperhour.Whenthishappens,thehotterpartsofthestarbecomevisible,andthisiswhynovaearesobright.Althoughtheexplosionsarehugeonahumanscale,theyonlyconsumeasmallpartofthedyingstar’senergy.（3）Indeed,thereareevensomestarswhichexplodeonceafortnight.

Thereareotheroldstarswhichdonotdieslowly,butarecompletelydestroyedbyonegreatexplosion.（4）Theexplosionofasupernovaisequivalenttoaboutamillion,million,million,millionhydrogenbombsgoingoffatthesametime.Justbeforetheexplosionthestar’sdensitybecomeverygreatanditspinsataveryhighspeed.Amatchboxofmaterialtakenfromthestaratthattimewouldweighabout1,000tons,andthestarwouldbeturningatabout16,000,000kilometersperhour.（5）OnesupernovawhichChineseastronomersobservedin1054canstillbeseenbyustoday.Ithasbeenshiningforatleastninehundredyears.

问题1选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题2选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题3选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题4选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

问题5选项

A.Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying.

B.Theyareknownas“supernovae.”

C.Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.

D.Theexplosionofasupernovaislikeacosmicbomb.

E.Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.

F.Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:E

【解析】（1）空格处后面一句话有两个关键点，一是infact,”实际上”的意思，表示与前文（空格处所填入的句子）是转折关系；另一个关键点是old的这个词，既然前后是转折关系，那么空格处会有一个与old相反的表述。综上，Thesestarswerecalled“novae”becausetheywerethoughttobenew.符合题意。

（2）空格处位于句首，因此可以考虑是一个主题句，即后面的内容都是围绕这个句子展开。因此需要把握整段文字的主要内容：讲述了一颗新星慢慢衰落的过程，因此Novaeareoldstarswhichareslowlydying符合题意。

（3）空格处前面讲述了恒星爆炸，空格处后一句讲述的是”甚至有些恒星会每两周爆炸一次”，言下之意是有些恒星的爆炸并不是只有一次，可能会延续很长时间，因此Thedeathisaslowone,andthestarmaycontinuetoexplodeforthousandsofyears.符合题意。

（4）空格后的句子提到了一个关键词supernova，因此，空格处需要将这个概念引出来。再联系空格前一句中的otheroldstars可知Theyareknownas“supernovae.”符合题意。

（5）空格后的句子提到”中国天文学家在1054年观测到的一颗超新星至今仍可看见”，这个例子说明超新星爆炸后仍然可以长时间发光，因此Theexplosionitselfoccurssuddenly,inthespaceofaminute,butthesupernovacontinuestoshinelongaftertheevent.符合题意。

3.单选题

Theconsolidationofthecrumblingwallsandtowershasbeencarriedoutin（）withaprogramagreedwithbytheDepartmentoftheEnvironment.

问题1选项

A.case

B.accordance

C.place

D.charge

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。inaccordancewith为固定搭配，表示“依照，与...一致”。

4.写作题

Universitiesshouldrequireeverystudenttotakesomecoursesoutsidehisorherfieldofstudybecauseacquiringknowledgeofdifferentacademicfieldsisthebestwaytobecometrulyeducated.

Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement?

Youshouldwriteatleast250words.

Youshoulduseyourownideas,knowledgeandexperienceandsupportyourargumentswithexamplesandrelevantevidence.

【答案】Universityissuchaplacewhereonecangetknowledgeneededinlife.Afterenteringuniversity,everystudentisaskedtochooseaspecificmajor,andthenstudycourseswithintherestrictedfield.However,ifastudentwantstobetrulyeducated,heshouldtakesomecoursesoutsidehisfieldofstudyforacquiringknowledgeofdifferentacademicfieldsisthebestwaytobecometrulyeducated.Forme,Iprefertochooseawiderangesubjectsincollegeandthefollowingreasonsexplainmyopinion.

Firstandforemost,theultimategoalofcollegeeducationistotrainqualifiedtalentsforourcountry'smodernization.Withthedevelopmentofsocialtechnology,requirementsofeachpositionarebecominghighandhigh.Knowledgeofonesinglemajorcannotsatisfymostpositions'requirementandtheinformationofmanyotheraspectsisneeded.Sostudentsshouldstudycoursesrelatedtotheindustrytheymaybeengagedin,makingagoodpreparationfortheirfuturedevelopment.Moreover,collegeisnotonlyatrainingcampforjobs,butalsoaplatformforstudents'comprehensivedevelopment.Thereisnodoubtthatlearningdifferentcourseswillmakestudentsmuchmoreexcellent.Soeveryuniversityshouldofferthestudentsavarietyofcoursessothatthestudentshavetheopportunitytocontactdifferentfields.Lastbutnottheleast,generalcoursesarebenefitforstudentswhodon'tknowtheirinterestsorwhodonothaveinterestsatpresent.Differentcourseswouldinspirestudent'sinterestsinacertainsubject.

Inspiteofthereasonsabove,however,takingtoomanycoursesoutsidetheirownfieldsmayalsodistractcollegestudentsfromtheirownmajorstudy.Tosumup,universitiesshouldtrytoofferenoughchancesforstudentstotouchcoursesoutsidethestudent'smajor,thedecisionshouldbefallentostudentsthemselves.

5.单选题

PrinceCharles,thelongest-waiting(

)tothethroneinBritishhistory,hasspokenofhis“impatience”togetthingsdone.

问题1选项

A.heir

B.heirship

C.heritage

D.heiress

【答案】A

【解析】考查形近词辨析。heir“【法】继承人”;heirship“继承权，继承资格”；heritage“遗产，继承物”；heiress“女继承人”。句意：英国历史上等待王位时间最长的王储查尔斯日前表示，他“没有耐心”把事情做好。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Whichhislackofexperienceandsmallerphysique,wedon'tthinkhe（

）achanceofwinningthefight.

问题1选项

A.stands

B.gained

C.possessed

D.took

【答案】A

【解析】standachanceofdoingsth.为固定搭配，意为“有可能做某事”，所以选项A正确。

7.单选题

He___athiswatchbeforehelefttheoffice.

问题1选项

A.glanced

B.glimpsed

C.glared

D.scribbled

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项glanced“瞥闪，瞥见，扫视，匆匆一看（强调主动的加以注意瞥了一眼）；浏览；斜击某物后斜弹开来；反光；轻擦（球）；（板球）斜击”；B选项glimpsed“瞥见（强调被动的，比如某个东西在眼前闪了一下，不是主动去看）”；C选项glared“怒目而视，瞪眼看；发出刺眼的光”；D选项scribbled“乱画；潦草地书写；写作（非正式）；粗疏（羊毛）”。句意：他离开办公室前___手表。本句表达“主动地瞥了一眼手表”。因此A选项正确。

8.单选题

Recently,theUnitedStatesFishandwildlifeServiceannounceditwoulddesignate“criticalhabitat”fortheendangeredjaguarintheUnitedStatesandtakethefirststepstowardcommandingajaguarrecoveryplan.Thisisapolicyreversal(therewaspreciousdecisionfromthemnottodeterminecriticalhabitatforthejaguar)and,onthesurface,itmayappeartobeavictoryfortheconservationcommunityandforjaguars,thelargestwildcatsintheWesternHemisphere.Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.

DesignatingjaguarhabitatmeansthatFishandWildlifemustnowalsoformulatearecoveryplanforthejaguar.Butjaguarshavenotbeenabletoreestablishthemselvesnaturallyoverthepastcentury,thegovernmentwilllikelyhavetogotosignificantexpensetoattempttobringthemback—especiallyifthecatshavetobereintroduced.

Sowhynotdoeverythingwecanatwhatevercost,tobringjaguarsbackintotheUnitedStates?Tobeginwith,theAmericanSouthwestis,atbest,marginalhabitatfortheanimals.Moreimportantly,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder,fromMexicotoArgentina,thousandsofjaguarsliveandbreedintheirtruecriticalhabitat.GovernmentsandconservationgroupsarealreadyworkinghardtoconservejaguarpopulationsandconnectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.

ThejaguarsthatnowandthencrossintotheUnitedStatesmostlikelycomefromthenorthernmostpopulationofjaguars,inSonora,Mexico.Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.

TherecentmovebytheFishandwildlifeServicemeansthatthesparsefederalfundsdevotedtoprotectingwildanimalswillbewastedoneffortsthatcannothelpsavejaguars.Mostimportant,thisalsostandstoweakentheEndangeredSpeciesAct,becauseifcriticalhabitatisredefinedasanyplacewhereaspeciesmighteverhaveexisted,andwhereyouorImightwantittoexistagain,thenthedoorisopenformanyothersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.

TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry’swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone—stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-attractiveendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraph?

7.Toachievejaguarrecovery,authoritiesprobablyneedto（）.

8.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmeasuresshouldwetaketokeepjaguar’snumber?

9.WhatdoestheauthorconcernmostabouttheFishandWildlifeService’snewdecision?

10.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthattheFishandWildlifeService（）.

问题1选项

A.Designatingcriticalhabitatisavictoryfortheconservationcommunity.

B.Thecriticalhabitatdesignationdoesnotfollowthelawofscience.

C.Todesignatecriticalhabitatisthefirststepofajaguarrecoveryplan.

D.Thecriticalhabitatdesignationshowsthepolicyreversalofanimalprotection.

问题2选项

A.startanewinitiativetoconservejaguar’spopulation

B.raisethenumberofjaguar’scriticalhabitat

C.investasubstantialamountofmoney

D.reversetheiroriginalpolicyofjaguar

问题3选项

A.ToreintroducejaguarsintoAmerica.

B.Toprotectjaguar’struehabitat.

C.ToconstructmorenewhabitatinAmerica.

D.Toinvestmorefederalfundsforjaguars.

问题4选项

A.Thegovernment’sjaguarprotectioneffortsmaybewasted

B.Wemaylosejaguar’struehabitatcompletelyinAmerica.

C.Thismayincurappealstoreintroduceotherlong-lastanimals.

D.Thedefinitionofcriticalhabitatmayhavetoberewritten.

问题5选项

A.failedtoinsistontheircorrectdecision

B.mainlyfocusesonjaguar’sconservation

C.hasformulatedaplanforjaguar’sreintroduction

D.spendsmoremoneytopreservejaguarthanithas

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】6.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段Butassomeonewhohasstudiedjaguarsfornearlythreedecades,Icantellyouitisnothinglessthanaslapinthefacetogoodscience.（但是作为一个研究了近三十年的美洲虎的人，我可以告诉你，这不过是对好科学的一记耳光。）前面作者说到，“表面上是一个胜利”，而后一句就否定了，因此在作者看来他是不支持这个新栖息地指定的，因此B选项“关键栖息地的指定并不遵循科学规律”正确。A选项“指定关键栖息地是保护团体的胜利”，作者认为这只是表面的；C选项“确定关键栖息地是美洲豹恢复计划的第一步”，作者没有说明；D选项“关键栖息地的确定表明了动物保护政策的逆转”，这是作者的反讽。

7.判断推理题。在第三段中Moreimportantly,therearebetterwaystohelpjaguars.Southofourborder...connectthemtooneanotherthroughaninitiativecalledtheJaguarCorridor.（更重要的是，有更好的方法来帮助美洲虎。从墨西哥到阿根廷，我们边界以南，成千上万的美洲虎生活在它们真正重要的栖息地，它们生活和繁殖。各国政府和保护组织已经在努力保护美洲虎种群，并通过一项名为“捷豹走廊”的倡议，将它们相互联系起来。）以及后面的weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.（我们应该帮助墨西哥和其他美洲虎国家保护这些动物真正的栖息地，而不是要求美洲虎返回我国。）可以看出，在作者看来现在最关键的是这个政策并不对，因此D选项“改变他们原来对美洲虎的政策”正确。A选项“开始一项保护美洲虎种群的新计划”，这个是正在做的，而不是作者的观点；B选项“增加美洲虎的关键栖息地数量”，是作者所不同意的，作者认为重点不是数量，而是找到真正适合它们居住的地方；C选项“投资一大笔钱”，这个是之后可能会需要的，而不是当务之急。

8.判断推理题。B选项“保护美洲虎真正的栖息地”在倒数第三段Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry,weshouldhelpMexicoandotherjaguar-rangecountriesconservetheanimals’truehabitat.（我们应该帮助墨西哥和其他美洲虎国家保护这些动物真正的栖息地，而不是要求美洲虎返回我国。）因此B选项符合题意。A选项“将美洲虎重新引入美洲”在刚刚这句话中已经否定了，Ratherthandemandjaguarsreturntoourcountry（而不是要求美洲虎返回我国）；因此C选项在“美国建造更多的新栖息地”，也是不正确的；D选项“为美洲虎投入更多的联邦资金”，这个是有提到，但是并没有说是现在Otherwise,whenfundsareneededtopreserveallthosesmall,ugly,non-attractiveendangeredspeciesatthebackoftheline,theremaybenomoneyleft.（否则，当需要资金来保护排在后面的所有这些小的、丑陋的、不吸引人的濒危物种时，可能就没有钱了。）

9.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到倒数第二段Mostimportant,thisalsostandstoweakenthe...othersenselesseffortstobringbacklong-lostcreatures.（最重要的是，这也会削弱《濒危物种法》，因为如果将关键栖息地重新定义为某个物种可能存在的任何地方，并且你或我可能希望它再次存在，那么，这扇门将为许多其他毫无意义的努力打开，以找回长期丢失的生物。）而在作者看来栖息地的定义非常重要，因为这就决定了美洲虎可以在什么地方被保护，因此他认为这项新决定最大的影响就是改变了栖息地的定义，因此D选项“关键栖息地的定义可能必须重写”正确。A选项“政府保护美洲虎的努力可能白费了”，过于笼统；B选项“我们可能会在美国完全失去美洲虎真正的栖息地”，这不是作者的观点；C选项“这可能招致重新引进其他寿命较长的动物的呼吁”，无关项。

10.判断推理题。根据题干关键词定位到到最后一段第一句TheFishandWildlifeofficialswhosejobistoprotectthecountry’swildanimalsneedtogrowastrongerbackbone—stickwiththeiroriginal,correctdecisionandsavetheirmoneyformoreusefulpreservationwork.（负责保护国家野生动物的鱼类和野生动物官员需要培养一个更强壮的骨干，坚持他们原来正确的决定，并为更有用的保护工作节省资金。）通过这句话我们可以发现，他们应该是之前没有能够坚持正确的决定，因此A选项“未能坚持自己的正确决定”正确。B选项“主要关注美洲虎的保护”没有体现；C选项“已经为美洲虎的重新引入制定了计划”，错误；D选项“花在保护美洲虎上的钱比实际的要多”，与文章正好相反。

9.单选题

Sowhygothroughthe3-to-5year,gruelingandpainfulprocessofgettingadegreewhenyoucanjustgetajobstraightoutofcollegeandgetonwithyourlife,makingasalaryandworkingonstuffthatmatters?

问题1选项

A.arduous

B.hilarious

C.dreadful

D.straightforward

【答案】A

【解析】划线词grueling和后面的painful“痛苦的”都是用来描述获得学位的过程。A选项arduous“努力的；费力的”；B选项hilarious“欢闹的；情不自禁的”；C选项dreadful“可怕的；糟透的”；D选项straightforward“简单的；径直的”。综合分析句意和选项，不难发现A选项“费力的”更合适，C选项过于极端。

10.单选题

Crushediceisoftenappliedtoinjuries________thereisswelling,toremoveexcessheatgeneratedinthetissues.

问题1选项

A.inthat

B.forthat

C.where

D.which

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：碎冰通常用于肿胀的伤口，以清除组织中产生的多余热量。从句意来看，从句是为了修饰injuries“伤口”这个名词，所以后面是定语从句。定语从句中that前面不能接介词，所以排除A，B；which引导定语从句时，先行词在从句中作主语，宾语或者表语，而从句不缺成分，所以排除D，答案选C。

11.单选题

Theyoungperformerscapturedandheldtheaudience’sattentionfromthemomentthecurtainwentup.

问题1选项

A.gathered

B.caught

C.grabbed

D.trapped

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项gathered“聚集”；B选项caught“捕捉”；C选项grabbed“抓住”；D选项trapped“诱捕”。句意：年轻的演员们从幕布升起的那一刻起就吸引住了观众的注意力。根据句意，C选项与划线词意思贴近，因此C选项符合题意。

12.单选题

Inthelatetwentiethcentury,onemoresymbolicidealofmanhoodhademerged,the“spiritualwarrior”.ConjuredupintheteachingofRobertBlyandotherleadersofthemythopoeticmen’smovement,thisidealwasbornofdissatisfactionwiththeotheridealsandimagesofmenthathaverecentlydominatedAmericanculture.Itgrowsfromadirect,consciousfocusonthepassionsthatitsadvocatesassumearenaturallymale.Thespiritualwarriorbelieveshehaslosttouchwiththosepassionsandlosthisabilitytoconnectdirectlywithothermen.Intheprocess,hehasbeenpreventedfromfulfillinghisdeepestspiritualneedsaswell.

Thisunderstandingofmanhoodappealsintenselytomanymenbecauseofitsfocusonfatherhood.Blyandotherslamentthegrowingdistancebetweenfathersandsonsinthemodernworld.Theteachersofthespiritualwarrioridealseethediscriminationofsonsfromtheirfathersrepeatingitselfinthedisconnectionofmenfrompassion,fromthespirit,fromtheirfellowmen.Herebeginsastrikingseriesofparallelswiththemovementtowardprimitivemasculinityattheturnofthetwentiethcentury.Forthespokesmenofthatmovementvoicedthesameconcernsabouttheabsenceoffathersthatmenarevoicingtoday.Theyalsoexpressedthesameanxietyaboutthedangersofaboylearninghisvisionofmanhoodthroughtheeyesofmothersandotherwomen.

Thereisoneimportanttraitthatallfouridealsshare.Eachofthemsignifiesaturningawayfromwomen.Theidealofthespiritualwarriorrepresentsaritualquestformanhoodinanall-malesetting.Theidealofthepleasureseekermaytreatwomenasobjectsofpleasureorasaccessorycompanionsinhispursuitofenjoyment,butconsidersthemlargelyirrelevanttothefulfillmentofyearnings.Theidealoftheexistentialheroendorsesseparationfromtheconfinementofcivilizationandthehalterofpermanent,personalcommitmentand,givenourculturalassociationsbetweenwomenandthebondsofcivilization,itisnosurprisethatadherentsofthisidealviewwomen’sworldwithsuspicion.

Theworldoftheteamplayerislessintrinsicallyexclusiveofwomenthanthatoftheotherideals.Pristineinitsblindnesstopersonalhistory,thegreatcontestforsuccessistechnicallyopentoanyonewhocanplayandwinaccordingtoitscompetitiverules.Aswehaveseenhistorically,however,themiddle-classmaleworkplacewasconstructedbymenaccordingtosharedmalevaluesandcustomsthatareculturallyalientowomen.Inrecentyears,womenhavemadestatisticalinroadsintheworldoftheteamplayer,butasyetthereislittlechangeculturallyorstatistically—atthelevelwheremostpoweriswielded.Inreality,theidealoftheteamplayerpositsaworldwherewomenhavedifficultysurvivingeventhoughtheyarenotexplicitlyforbiddentoenter.

Americansareoftenproudthattheydiscountthesignificanceofculturaldifferences:“Weareallindividuals,”manypeopleboast.Ignoringsuchissuesasgenderandethnicitybecomesasourceofpride:“Itreateveryonethesame.”Buttreatingpeoplethesameisnotequaltreatmentiftheyarenotthesame.

1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,aspiritualwarrior（）.

2.Theword“accessory”(paragraph3)mustprobablymean“”（）”.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefouridealsistrue?

4.Theauthorseemstoimplythat（）.

5.Inwritingthisarticle,theauthor（）.

问题1选项

A.istheprototypeofthosewhowereonthequestforprimitivemasculinityattheturnofthe20thcentury

B.isbroughtupbythemotherinsteadofbythefather

C.ispassionateanddissatisfiedwiththefather’srole

D.longsforspiritualfulfillment.

问题2选项

A.chief

B.subordinate

C.necessary

D.perfect

问题3选项

A.Theworldofpleasureseekeristhemostfriendlytowomen

B.Existentialheroesdoubtwhetherwomencouldberegardedaspartofourcivilization.

C.Theteamplayerscanbethoughtofascomparativelymoreopen-mindedtowardwomenthantheotherthreeidealsofman

D.Theteamplayersarethemostpowerfulofallthefouridealsofman.

问题4选项

A.thefouridealsofmanhoodareproductsofaconfiningsociety

B.thequestforfatherhoodissharedbythefoursymbolicidealsofman

C.womenarepersecutedinamale-dominatedsociety

D.womenareassociatedwithrestrictioninourculture

问题5选项

A.severelyattackstheinjusticedonetowomenbythemalechauvinist

B.praisesspiritualwarriorsfortheirenthusiasticspiritualpursuit

C.expresseshisdoubtastothevalidityoftheconceptofequalsociety

D.condemnstherestrictiveforcesinamale-dominatedsociety

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。A:是那些在20世纪初寻求原始男子气概形象的原型。第二段指出:Herebeginsastrikingseriesofparallelswiththemovementtowardprimitivemasculinityattheturnofthetwentiethcentury(这里出现了一系列与二十世纪初期的原始男子气概运动相同点)。因此A项错误。B:由母亲而不是父亲抚养长大。C:热情充溢，对父亲的角色不满。D:渴望精神上的满足。第一段指出:…thisidealwasbornofdissatisfactionwiththeotheridealsandimagesofmenthathaverecentlydominatedAmericanculture(这一形象根源于对在美国文化中占支配地位的其他男性形象的不满)。以及:Itgrowsfromadirect，consciousfocusonthepassionsthatitsadvocatesassumearenaturallymale(它由直接地、有意识地专注于一种激情发展而来，这种激情被拥护者称为男性天生的激情)。由此可知精神勇士的形象是源自一种激情和对男性形象的不满，因此C项正确，B项跟D项不符合文章所述。

第2题:词义题。根据“butconsidersthemlargelyirrelevanttothefulfillmentofyearnings(但是认为她们与满足自己欲望毫无关联)”推断asaccessorycompanionsinhispursuitofenjoyment指的是“在追寻享乐的过程中一个可有可无的、附属的同伴”，因此选B项“从属的，附属的”。

第3题:细节事实题。第四段指出:Theworldoftheteamplayerislessintrinsicallyexclusiveofwomenthanthatoftheotherideals(相比其他几种形象，具有团队精神的人的世界本质上没有那么排斥女性)，因此C项正确。

第4题:判断推理题。第三段指出:Theidealoftheexistentialheroendorsesseparationfromtheconfinementofcivilizationandthehalterofpermanent,personalcommitment—and,givenourculturalassociationsbetweenwomenandthebondsofcivilization(存在主义英雄的形象支持从文明社会的限制中和对永恒以及个人承诺的束缚中解脱出来，并将女性和文明社会的约束之间的联系赋予到文化当中)。由此推断D项“女性是和文明社会的约束联系在一起的”正确。

第5题:判断推理题。最后一段指出:Ignoringsuchissuesasgenderandethnicitybecomesasourceofpride:“Itreateveryonethesame.”Buttreatingpeoplethesameisnotequaltreatmentiftheyarenotthesame(对性别和种族问题的忽视成了‘我们对待所有人都是平等的’这一自豪感的来源。但是当人与人之间本来就存在差异的时候，一视同仁反而不能代表平等公平)。由此可看出作者对于美国社会现存的人人平等的观念是否真正能够代表平等公平持怀疑态度，故选C。

13.单选题

Winstonbecamequiteavariciousinhislatelife.

问题1选项

A.feeble

B.greedy

C.blatant

D.forgetful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。avaricious意为“贪财的，贪婪的”；feeble意为“虚弱的，衰弱的”；greedy意为“贪婪的，贪心的”；blatant意为“明目张胆的，公然的”；forgetful意为“健忘的，好忘事的，疏忽的”。

句意：温斯顿晚年变得相当贪婪。

14.单选题

Tomdoesn’tthinkthatthe（）situationhereisasgoodashishometown’s.

问题1选项

A.economics

B.economic

C.economy

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】economics经济学；economic经济上的，经济学的；economy经济，节约；economical经济的，节约的。

根据句意可知，填空处应填入形容词，首先排除选项A和C；选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Studentsofthegreatsociety,lookingatmankindinthelongperspectiveofhistory,havefrequentlybeendisposedtoseekanexplanationofexistingculturaldifferencesamongracesandpeoplesinsomesingledominatingcauseorcondition.Oneschoolofthoughthasfoundthatexplanationinclimateandinthephysicalenvironment.Anotherschoolhassoughtanexplanationofdivergentculturesintheinnatequalitiesofracesbiologicallyinherited.Thesetwotheorieshavethisincommon,namely,thattheybothconceivecivilizationandsocietytobetheresultofevolutionaryprocesses—processesbywhichmanhasacquirednewinheritabletraits—ratherthanprocessesbywhichnewrelationshavebeenestablishedbetweenmen.

Incontrasttobothofthese,thereisthecatastrophictheoryofcivilization.Fromthispointofview,climateandinnateracialtraits,importantastheymayhavebeenintheevolutionofraces,havebeenofonlyminorinfluenceincreatingexistingculturaldifferences.Infact,racesandcultures,sofarfrombeinginanysenseidentical—oreventheproductsofsimilarconditionsandforces—areperhapstobesetoveragainstoneanotherascontrasteffects,theresultsofantagonistictendencies,sothatcivilizationmaybesaidtoflourishattheexpenseofracialdifferencesratherthantobeconservedbythem.Atanyrate,ifitistruethatracesaretheproductsofisolationandinbreeding,itisjustascertainthatcivilization,ontheotherhand,isaconsequenceofcontactandcommunication.Theforceswhichhavebeendecisiveinthehistoryofmankindarethosewhichhavebroughtmentogetherinfruitfulcompetition,conflict,andcooperation.

Amongthemostimportantoftheseinfluenceshavebeen—accordingtowhatIhavecalledthecatastrophictheoryofprogress—migrationandtheincidentalcollisions,conflicts,andfusionsofpeopleandculturewhichtheyhaveoccasioned.“Everyadvanceinculture,”saysBucher,inhisIndustrialEvolution,“commences,sotospeak,withanewperiodofwandering,”andinsupportofthisthesishepointsoutthattheearlierformsoftradeweremigratory,thatthefirstindustriestofreethemselvesfromthehouseholdhusbandryandbecomeindependentoccupationswerecarriedonitinerantly.“Thegreatfoundersofreligion,theearliestpoetsandphilosophers,themusiciansandactorsofpastepochs，areallgreatwanderers.Eventoday,donottheinventor,thepreacherofanewdoctrine,andthevirtuosotravelfromplacetoplaceinsearchofadherentsandadmirers—notwithstandingtheimmenserecentdevelopmentinthemeansofcommunicatinginformation?”

Theinfluencesonmigrationshavenotbeenlimited,ofcourse,bythechangeswhichtheyhaveeffectedinexistingcultures.Inthelongrun,theyhavedeterminedtheracialcharacteristicsofhistoricalpeoples.“Thewholeteachingofethnology,”asGriffithTaylorremark