考研考博-英语-广西体育高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广西体育高等专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Therearetwobasicwaystoseepersonalgrowth:oneasaproduct,whichcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured;theotherasaprocess,which,（

），ismuchmoredifficulttodetermine.

问题1选项

A.inaddition

B.bycontrast

C.furthermore

D.likewise

【答案】B

【解析】副词固定词组词义辨析。本题需要分析前后两句的关系，通过句意‘从两个基本的方法可以看出个人成长：一个是结果，能够很轻易地被识别和衡量；另一个就是过程，相比之下就很难被决定。’是将两者进行比较。A选项inaddition“除此之外，此外”，意思上的递进；B选项bycontrast“相比之下，与之相比”，正确；C选项furthermore“此外，而且”，也是意思上的递进；D选项likewise“同样地，也”。故应选B项

2.单选题

Studentshaveto（

）totherulesandregulationsoftheschool.

问题1选项

A.confirm

B.confront

C.confine

D.conform

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。confirm意为“确认”；confront意为“面对”；confine意为“限制”；conform意为“遵守，符合”。句意：学生必须遵守学校的规章制度。

3.单选题

Thenumberofpeoplebuyingprivateautosisstillrisingrapidly,thereforetheeffectofthegovernment'songoingeffortstocutairpollutionremainsopentoquestion.

问题1选项

A.rapidly,therefore

B.ongoingeffortstocut

C.remainsopen

D.toquestion.

E.没有问题

【答案】E

4.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese

Intheevening,afterthebanquets,theconcertsandtabletennis,hewouldworkonthedraftingofthefinalcommunique.

Johncanbereliedon.Heeatsnofishandplaysthegame.

Noontimecameandwent;Nixon,whorarelyhadlunch,andKissinger,whorarelymissedit,skippedthemealandwentrightontalkingforalmostfourhours.

See-sawingbetweenpartlygoodandfaintlyominous,thenewsforthenextfourweekswasneverdistinct.

Mathematicianswhohavetriedtousecomputerstocopythewaythebrainworkshavefoundthatusingeventhelatestelectronicequipmenttheywouldhavetobuildacomputerwhichweighedover10,000kilos.

Wemaintainthatnopeacesituationispermanentwhichdoesnottakeintoaccountthelegitimatewishesofthemajorityofthepeopleofanycountry.

Hiseight-minutevaledictorywaseverythingthatGorewasn'tduringhiseighteen-monthcampaign:graceful,authentic,inspiring.

Forafamilyoffour,forexample,itismoreconvenientaswellascheapertositcomfortablyathome,withalmostunlimitedentertainmentavailable,thantogooutinsearchofamusementelsewhere.

Oursisaprofessionwhichtraditionallyhasbeenguidedbyapreceptthattranscendsthevirtueofutteringthetruth'ssake,andthatis“asfarasdonoharm''.

Don'tbeaboveaskingaboutthingsyoudon'tunderstand.

【答案】晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他将起草最后公报。

约翰是可以信赖的。他忠诚而守规矩。

中午到了，又过去了；很少吃午饭的尼克松和很少错过午餐的基辛格跳过了这顿饭，他们直接洽谈了将近四个小时。

在那以后的四个星期内，消息时好时坏，两种情况不断地交替出现，一直没有明朗化。

试图使用计算机复制大脑工作方式的数学家发现，即使是使用最新的电子设备，他们必须制造一台体重超过1万公斤的计算机。

我们认为没有任何和平局面是永久的，如果不考虑任何国家大多数人民的合法愿望。

他八分钟的告别演讲很成功，Gore在他十八个月的竞选活动中却没有表现出来：优雅、真诚、鼓舞人心。

例如，对于一个四口之家来说，与其外出到别的地方去找乐子，还不如舒适地坐在家里，因为更方便，也更便宜，而且几乎可以享受无限的乐趣。

我们的职业传统上恪守一个信条，那就是尽可能的不造成伤害，这一信条胜过为讲真话而讲真话的美德。

不懂的事，不要怕问。

5.单选题

Asthegreatlowebbofhightechsweepsthroughtheworldofonlinecommerce,twokindsofsitesareweatheringthestorm.Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”—onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWalmartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearea.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet’sspecialcharacteristics.Jobsitesandonlineauctioneere-BayarebothgoodexamplesofthenewbreedofbusinessthattheInternetcontinuestofoster.

Cisoneofthelattergroup.It’sawebsitethatprovidesuserswithonlinestoreswheretheycansellshirts,mugs,andmousepadscustomizedwiththeirownlogosand/orslogans.Byitself,thisisafairlyusefulservice,andanexampleofhowtheInternethaschangedtheartofmarketingandcustomerservice.

C,however,isratherremarkableforanotherreason.Customersdon’tneedtoprintlargelotsofitems.Theydon’tneedtoworryaboutshippingthegoodstotheircustomers.Andtheydon’tneedtotalktoanotherhumanbeingtogettheirstore“built”inthefirstplace.Thesiteletsyouuploadanimageandchoosewhatsortofitemyou’dlikeittoappearon.Youcanthenchoosehowmuchtomarktheitemup—thedifferencebetweentheitem’sbasecostandyourmark-uppriceisyourprofit

Basepricesarehigh,butunderstandablewhenyouconsiderwhatdoesfortheinitialinvestment.An11ouncemugstartsat$10.99,Forthat,printsthemugonapiece-by-piecebasis,providestheorderingsoftware,handlesthemoney,packsit,andshipsitforyou.Themug’spurchaserpaysshippingandhandlingcosts;thestoreowner'seffortislimitedtouploadingtheoriginalimageforthemug,settingthecost,andwritingabriefdescriptionoftheitem.

Itseemstobecatchingon.“Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehasslesassociatedwithit,”saysMaheeshJain,’sco-founderandvice-president.“That’swherewecomein—we’reoneofthefewcompaniesthatofferthiskindoffull-servicesolution.”

Butthemostexcitingaspectofisnotitsabilitytohelpmajorcorporationsoutsourceandcustomizetheirmerchandisingefforts.What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore.Anaverageindividualwithanideathatcouldsell50T-shirtsormugscan’tjustifyatraditionalmerchandisingeffort,butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruitionwithverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk.Moreover,thequalityofthemerchandiseisgood;I’veorderedamugandashirtfrom,andbothwereshippedrelativelypromptly,andarrivedexactlyaspromised.

Cisanideathat’seasytogetexcitedabout.It’sasmall—buttangible—exampleofhowtheInternetcanchangethewaywelive.

6.Theexpression“weatheringthestorm”inthefirstsentencemeans.

7.Thefirstkindofsitediffersfromthesecondkindofsiteinthat.

8.WhichofthefollowingaboutCisNOTtrue?

9.WhatkindofcustomersneedCmostaccordingtoitsvice-president?

10.WhatisthemostoutstandingaboutCaccordingtotheauthor?

问题1选项

A.comingintobeing（形成，产生）

B.survivingacrisis

C.strugglinginthestorm

D.beingdominatedbyastormyhightechwave

问题2选项

A.thefirstkindsellscommoditieswhilethesecondoffersservice

B.thefirstkindextendsitemssoldbeyondthetraditionalcategories

C.thesecondkindisrisingwhilethefirstkindisdecliningintheworldofonlinecommerce

D.thesecondkindoffersuntraditionaljobstopeopleexperiencedillauctioning

问题3选项

A.Itscustomersarethosewhowanttosellthingsratherthanbuythings.

B.Italongwithsimilarsites,haschangedthetraditionalwayofmarketing.

C.Itkeepsitsprofittoaminimuminordertoattractonlinecustomers.

D.Itsusersdon’thavetotransacttheitemstobesoldface-to-facewiththeircustomers.

问题4选项

A.Thosewhosellagreatvarietyofitems.

B.Thosewhosellunconventionalcommodities.

C.Thosewhowanttoavoidthetroubleofnegotiatingwithclients.

D.Thosewhohaveproblemkeepingtheircommoditiesmoving.

问题5选项

A.Thehelpitoffersmajorcompaniesinmarketingtheircommodities.

B.Theconveniencesitgivestocompaniesinsellingtheircommodities.

C.Thehighqualityofthemerchandiseitofferstocustomers.

D.Thespeedandsecurityitoffersuserstoputtheirideasintopractice.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】6.词汇推测题，定位到文章第一段第一句Asthegreatlowebbofhightechsweepsthroughtheworldofonlinecommerce,twokindsofsitesareweatheringthestorm，目标词前面半句的thegreatlowebbofhightechsweepsthrough“高科技的大低潮席卷而过”，后面的内容是两种网站中第一种公司的其中一个在蓬勃发展，所以这里weatheringthestorm是指这两种科技网站度过危机所以答案选B选项“生存危机”。

A选项“形成”，定位到第一段第三句Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearea.（他们将现有的传统业务扩展到网络领域），由此可知不是形成，某些是早就存在，这里属于反向干扰；

C选项“在风暴中挣扎”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；

D选项“被暴风骤雨般的高科技浪潮所主宰”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

7.判断推理题，定位到第一段第二三四句Thefirstgroupisoftenreferredtoas“clicksandmortar”—onlineextensionsofstoreslikeWalmartorSears.Theytakeanexisting,traditionalbusinessandextenditintotheonlinearea.ThesecondgroupprovidesauniqueservicemadepossiblebytheInternet’sspecialcharacteristics.“第一种类型通常被称为“点击和实体店”——沃尔玛或西尔斯(Sears)等商店的在线延伸。他们将现有的传统业务扩展到网络领域。第二种类型提供独特的服务，这是由于互联网的特点”，从这里可以看出第一类是把传统门店拓展到网络上，第二类是基于网络来为客户提供服务的，所以答案选B选项“第一类扩展了传统类别以外的销售项目”正确；

A选项“第一种是卖商品，第二种是提供服务”，见正确选项，文中并没有说第一类只提供商品第二类只提供服务，A选项错误，属于无中生有；

C选项“在电子商务的世界里，第二类正在崛起，而第一类正在衰落”，定位到第一段第一句twokindsofsitesareweatheringthestorm.“有两类网站正经受住这场风暴的考验”，从这里可以看出，这两类网站都在发展，都没有衰落，这里属于反向干扰；

D选项“第二种提供非传统的工作给那些经历过糟糕拍卖的人”文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

8.事实细节题，C选项“为了吸引在线客户，它将利润保持在最低水平”，文章没有提及，这里属于无中生有，所以答案选C；

A选项“它的顾客是那些想卖东西而不是想买东西的人”，定位到第二段第二句话It’sawebsitethatprovidesuserswithonlinestoreswheretheycansellshirts,mugs,andmousepadscustomizedwiththeirownlogosand/orslogans.“这是一个为用户提供在线商店的网站，在那里他们可以出售带有自己的商标和/或口号的衬衫、马克杯和鼠标垫”从这里可知选项A正确；

B选项“它和类似的网站一起改变了传统的营销方式”，定位到第二段第三句话Byitself,thisisafairlyusefulservice,andanexampleofhowtheInternethaschangedtheartofmarketingandcustomerservice.“就其本身而言，这是一项相当有用的服务，也是互联网如何改变营销和客户服务艺术的一个例子”从这里可知B选项正确；

D选项“它的用户不需要与他们的客户面对面地交易出售的物品”，定位到第三段第三句话Theydon’tneedtoworryaboutshippingthegoodstotheircustomers.“他们不需要担心把货物运送给他们的客户”从这里可知D选项正确。

9.事实细节题，根据题干定位到第五段第二三句“Moreandmorecompaniescometous,whowanttodosomekindofmerchandising,whowanttoofferarangeofproductstotheirusers,butdon’twantthehasslesassociatedwithit,”saysMaheeshJain,’sco-founderandvice-president.“That’swherewecomein—we’reoneofthefewcompaniesthatofferthiskindoffull-servicesolution.”的联合创始人兼副总裁MaheeshJain表示：“越来越多的公司来找我们，他们想做某种商品推销，想向用户提供一系列产品，但不想为此带来麻烦。这就是我们的切入点，我们是少数几家提供这种全方位服务解决方案的公司之一。”从这里可知答案选C“那些想要避免与客户谈判的麻烦的人”；

A选项“那些卖各种各样商品的人”，见正确选项，选项中提到的是agreatvariety但是文章提到的some，这里属于偷换概念；

B选项“那些出售非传统商品的人”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；

D选项“那些无法保持商品流通的人”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有。

10.事实细节题，定位到倒数第二段第二三句What’sremarkableaboutthesystemishowsimpleitistoopenastore.Anaverageindividualwithanideathatcouldsell50T-shirtsormugscan’tjustifyatraditionalmerchandisingeffort,butwith,userscaneasilybringideastofruitionwithverylittletimeandnofinancialrisk.“这个系统的非凡之处在于，开店非常简单。一个普通人的想法可以卖出50件t恤或杯子，这并不能证明传统的营销努力是合理的，但有了，用户可以在很少的时间和没有财务风险的情况下轻松实现想法”从这里可知答案选B选项“它给公司销售商品带来的便利”；

A选项“它为大公司营销其商品提供的帮助”，定位到倒数第二段第一句话Butthemostexcitingaspectofisnotitsabilitytohelpmajorcorporationsoutsourceandcustomizetheirmerchandisingefforts.“但是，最令人兴奋的方面并不是它能够帮助大公司外包和定制他们的销售工作”，从这里可知选项A错误，属于反向干扰；

C选项“向顾客提供高质量的商品”定位到倒数第二段第四句Moreover,thequalityofthemerchandiseisgood“此外，商品的质量也很好”，文章虽然提到商品质量好，但是这只是补充点，在方便开店的基础上他们商品的质量也很好，这里属于出处错误；

D选项“它为用户将他们的想法付诸实践提供的速度和安全性”，见正确选项解析，文章虽然有和选项的同义替换句，即倒数第二段第三句，但是这只是为了解释说明开店的简单程度，所以不选，这里属于偷换概念。

6.单选题

Geneticallymodifiedcropsareeverywhere.ItseemseveninEurope,strictlawsdesignedtokeeptheEuropeanUnionfreeofGMcropsarenotworking,insteadareposingproblemsfortheEU:Farmers’srepresentativessaythatsuppliesofanimalfeedforpoultryandpigsarebeingrefusedentryatEuropeanportswhenfoundtocontaineventraceamountsofGMmaterial.

UnderEurope’s“zero-tolerance”lawsonGM,introducedin2007,thepresenceofevenafewseedsofGMmaterialwillruleoutanentireshipment.TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.”saysPekkaPesonen,secretarygeneralofCopa-Cogeca,afederationofgroupsrepresenting15millionEUfarmersintotal.HeclaimsthatEuropeanpigandpoultryfarmerswillgooutofbusinessunlesstheEUadoptsamorepracticalcheckingapproachbysettingastandard―say0.5percent—beneathwhichGMistolerated.Pesonensayssuch“tolerances”operateforotherpollution,includingpesticidesandheavymetals.SowhynotforGMmaterial,muchofwhichhasbeenclearedforhumanconsumptionelsewhereintheworld?

Lastyear200,000tonsofconventionalanimalfeed―mainlysoyandcom―wererefusedentrytotheEUwhentheywerefoundtocontainsmallamountsofGMcomvarieties.ThenflaxfromCanadawasfoundtocontaintracesofaGMvarietynamedCDCTriffidthatwaswithdrawnfromcommercialsalein2001.Followingaprohibitiononflaxmorethan100shipmentswererejected,buttradeisslowlyresuming.Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.

Priceswillbehigherstillthisyear,saysPesonen.owingtonaturaldisasterinSouthAmericaandagrowingmarketforAmericanfarmerssellingcropstoAsia,whichacceptsmixedshipments.IncreasingnumbersofGMcropvarietiesareontheway.Atpresent,around30varietiesaregrownaroundtheworld,blitthatispredictedtodoubletwiceby2015.makingscreeningmoredifficultthanever.

AfurtherconflictarisesbecausealltheEuropeanofficialsareduetobereplacedinFebruary.Aspokeswomanforthehealthcommission,whichintroducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops,saysthatintensivediscussiononfeedimportshavealreadytakenplace.“Oncethenewcommissionisestablished,itwillhavetoconsiderhowtoproceedonthismatter.”shesays.

1.EuropeanlawsagainstGMproducts（

）.

2.Takingtoday’sglobalsupplychainintoaccount,theanimalfeedindustrythinksthat

（

）.

3.WhatisEuropeanfarmers’attitudetoGMaccordingtoPekkaPesonen?

4.Aftersomeshipmentsarerefusedtobeimported,

（

）.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whydidthehealthcommissionintroducethezero-tolerancepolicy?

问题1选项

A.managetofunctionwell

B.bringtroublestofarmers

C.helpfarmersalot

D.allowfoodwithGMmaterial

问题2选项

A.GMmaterialispossibletobeprevented

B.Europeanlawsareimpractical

C.Onlytheinternationalsupplychaincanwork

D.GoodsshouldbeprohibitedonceanyGMstuffisfound

问题3选项

A.Theythinkit’sreasonableforpeopletoworryaboutGM’sinfluence.

B.Theythinkit’sunderstandabletosetanabsolutelimitonGMproducts.

C.TheywillbebrokenifEUhelpthemtolimitGMeffect.

D.Theythink0.5percentistoohighastandard.

问题4选项

A.Tradeisgoingdownalltheway

B.Peoplestillsigntradeontime

C.Goodsaregettingmoreexpensive

D.Merchantstryriskingtradingagain

问题5选项

A.BecausetheEuropeanofficialsaretobereplaced

B.Becausethepolicyistheresultoftheintensivediscussion.

C.BecauseitwantstoeliminatethedoubtsabouttheGMcrops’safety.

D.BecausethepriceofGMcropsisveryhigh.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第二段的内容：欧洲2007年出台了关于转基因的“零容忍”法律。动物饲料行业说，这些法律是行不通的。Copa-Cogeca组织的秘书长PekkaPesonen说：“欧洲的养猪户和家禽养殖户将会破产，除非欧盟采取一种更实际的检查方法，设定一个可以容忍转基因的标准，比如0.5%。”由此可推断，这一法律给农民带来了麻烦，所以选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段第二句“TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.动物饲料行业说，这些法律是行不通的，因为考虑到当今的全球供应链，转基因物质几乎是不可避免的。”选项B符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据关键词“PekkaPesonen”定位到第二段的内容“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.尽管我们理解欧洲消费者的担忧，但我们不理解零容忍，因为它关闭了贸易。”由此可知，欧洲农民认为人们担心转基因产品的影响是合理的。选项A符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据第三段的最后两句“Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.被拒绝的吨数只是每年进口的3200万吨饲料的一小部分。但这导致随后的合同延期、价格上涨以及进口商不愿冒进一步发货的风险。”由此可知，选项C正确。

5.细节事实题。根据最后一段第二句“...introducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops...（委员会）推出零容忍政策，以满足欧洲对转基因作物安全性的普遍质疑”。选项C符合原文。

7.单选题

We’ll（

）youforanydamagedonetoyourhousewhileweareinit.

问题1选项

A.compensate

B.remedy

C.supplement

D.retrieve

【答案】A

【解析】句意:居住期间对你房子所造成的任何损坏，我们都会赔偿你。

动词辨析。compensate赔偿,补偿;remedy改进,补救;supplement补充;retrieve取回，索回。故A符合句意。

8.翻译题

SamsungissuedanapologytoChineseconsumersonWednesdayafterChina’sstate-runmediacriticizedtheKoreanelectronicsgiantforsellinghandsetswithallegedlyfaultymemorychips.

ThecompanyofferedtoprovidefreerepairsandextendedwarrantiesonsevenmodelsafterabroadcastontheinfluentialChinaCentralTelevisiononTuesdayreportedhowSamsunghandsets,includingtheGalaxySandGalaxyNoteseries,crashseveraltimesadayduetothememorychips.Thereportsaidtheissuecouldberesolvedwitha$100chipupgradethatwasnotcoveredundercurrentwarranties.

InastatementpostedtoSamsung’sChinaWebsite,theelectronicsgiantapologizedfortheinconvenience,whichitblamedon“managementproblems”.Italsopledgedtorepairaffecteddevices,refundsonpreviouslyrepaireddevices,andreplacementhandsetsinsomecases

SamsungisnotthefirsttechcomingtocomeunderCCTVscrutinyforitswarrantypractices.InApril,AppleCEOTimCookissuedanapologyoveritswarrantypoliciesinChinaandpromisedimprovedservices.TheinitialreportclaimedApplerepairedonlybrokenorotherwisefaultypartswithinitsproductsforcustomersinChina,versusprovidingnewreplacementsinothercountries.

Cook’sapologycameduringApple’scontinuingeffortstolandaniPhonedistributiondealwiththeworld’slargestmobilecarrier.SupportfromChinaMobile,whichhasabout745millioncustomers,wouldopenupavastnumberofnewcustomersforApple.

Meanwhile.SamsunghopesitsapologygoesalongwaytowardhelpingitmaintainitsleadpositioninChina’ssmartphonemarket.Thecompanysold30milliondevicesinthecountrylastyearfora17.7percentmarketshare,outpacingthe11percentsharecommandedbyNo.3Apple.

【答案】三星在周三向中国消费者道歉，此前中国官方媒体批评这家作为韩国电子巨头销售据称内存芯片有问题的手机。

周二，在颇具影响力的中央电视台播出的一则报道称，包括GalaxyS和GalaxyNote系列在内的三星手机，由于内存芯片问题导致一天内多次死机之后，三星提出为七款手机提供免费维修服务并延长保修期。

三星并不是第一家因保修问题受到中央电视台审查的科技公司。

之前的报告称，苹果只为中国客户维修其产品中损坏的或其他有缺陷的部件，而在其他国家却对其提供更换手机服务。

与此同时。三星希望其道歉能在很大程度上帮助其保持在中国智能手机市场的领先地位。

9.单选题

Theageofthegeneralpractitionerisover.Moreandmoregraduatesofmedicalschoolstendto（

）,thatis,toconcentrateonlimitedareasoftheirresearch.

问题1选项

A.generalize

B.rationalize

C.study

D.specialize

【答案】D

【解析】考察动词词义辨析。generalize“概括”；rationalize“使合理化”；study“研究，学习”；specialize“专攻”。句意：全科医生的时代过去了。越来越多的医科学校的毕业生倾向于专攻，即专心把精力集中在有限的领域。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

TheAustrianmanufacturingindustryconsistsofafewlargeorganizations,manyofwhichoperateundergovernmentauspices.

问题1选项

A.supervisions

B.orientations

C.regulation

D.sponsorship

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。auspice“赞助，主办”；A选项supervision“监督，管理”；B选项orientation“方向；适应；向东方”；C选项regulation“管理；规则；校准”；D选项sponsorship“赞助；发起”。句意：奥地利的制造业由几个大型组织组成，其中许多是在政府的支持下运作的。auspice本身有“赞助”的意思，因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

Therearsectionofthebraindoesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.

问题1选项

A.advanced

B.growing

C.front

D.back

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。rear在句中是后面的，后方的；A选项advanced“高级的，先进的”；B选项growing“成长的”；C选项front“前面的”；D选项back“后面的”。句意：大脑后部不会随着年龄的增长而收缩，一个人可以在没有智力或情感能力的情况下继续生活。因此只有D符合。

12.单选题

Scientistshavefoundthatscents（

）efficiencyandreducestressamongofficeworkers.

问题1选项

A.enhance

B.amplify

C.foster

D.magnify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。enhance意为“提高，增加”；amplify意为“放大，扩大”；foster意为“培养”；magnify意为“放大”。

句意：科学家们发现，气味能提高办公室职员的效率，减轻他们的压力。

13.单选题

Euthanasiaisapracticeofmercifullyendingaperson'slifeinorderto_______thepersonfromanincurablediseaseandintolerablesuffering.

问题1选项

A.liberate

B.confine

C.release

D.apprehend

【答案】A

【解析】liberate解放,解脱;confine限制;release释放;apprehend理解,逮捕。句意：安乐死是一种仁慈地结束一个人的生命,从而使病人从不可医治的绝症和无法忍受的痛苦中解脱出来的做法。选项A符合句意。

14.单选题

Whileaquarterofmenwashtheircarsonceaweek,fewerthanoneinfivewomencarryoutthe（

）.

问题1选项

A.attribute

B.chore

C.repast

D.jargon

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项attribute“属性，性质，特征”；B选项chore“日常事务，家务活”；C选项repast“餐，饭菜”；D选项jargon“行话，黑话，行业术语”。此处是while引导的让步状语从句，将男性一周洗一次车的人数与女性做这件事的人数相对比，因此选B。句意：四分之一的男性一周洗一次车，而不超过五分之一的女性做这个事务。

15.单选题

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.Thisisoftensetonaraisedplatformcalledarostrum.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalledsubhasta,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.

Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruitandvegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarworksofart.Theauction-roomsasChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworld-famous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“lot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.

Theauctioneermustknowfairlyaccuratelythecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoodsheissellingandheshouldbeacquaintedwithregularbuyersofsuchgoods.Hewillnotwastetimebystaringthebiddingtoolow.Hewillalsoplayontherivalriesamonghisbuyersandsucceedingettingahighpricebyencouragingtwobusinesscompetitorstobidagainsteachother.Itislargelyonhisadvicethatasellerwillfixa“reserve”pricethatisapricebelowwhichthegoodscannotbesold.Eventhebestauctioneers,however,finditdifficulttostopa“knockout”,wherebydealersillegallyarrangebeforehandnottobidagainsteachotherbutnominateoneofthemselvesastheonlybidderinthehopeofbuyinggoodsalatextremelylowprices.Ifsucha“knock-out”comesoff,therealauctionsalelakesplaceprivatelyafterwardsamongthedealers.

1.Acandleusedtobumalatauctionsales________.

2.Anauctioncataloguegivesprospectivebuyers________.

3.Theauctioneermaydecidetosellthe“lots”outoforderbecause________.

4.Anauctioneerlikestogethighpricesforthegoodshesellsbecause________.

5.A“knockout”isarranged________.

问题1选项

A.becausetheytookplaceatnight

B.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

C.tokeeptheauctioneerwarm

D.tolimitthetimewhenofferscouldbemade

问题2选项

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.detailsofthegoodstobesold

C.theorderinwhichgoodsmustbesold

D.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

问题3选项

A.hesometimeswantstoconfusethebuyers

B.heknowsfromexperiencethatcertainpeoplewillwanttobuycertainitems

C.hewantstokeepcertainpeoplewaiting

D.hewantstoreducethenumberofbuyers

问题4选项

A.thenheearnsmorehimself

B.thedealersarepleased

C.theauction-roomsbecomeworldfamous

D.itkeepsthecustomersinterested

问题5选项

A.tokeepthepriceintheauctionroomlow

B.toallowonedealeronlytomakeaprofit

C.toincreasetheauctioneer’sprofit

D.tohelptheauctioneer

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段最后一句InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.（在18世纪和19世纪的英国，商品通常是“借着蜡烛”出售的：拍卖师点燃一支短蜡烛，然后在蜡烛点着的时候出价。），由此可知点蜡烛是为了限制出价时间，所以D选项“限制提出报价的时间”正确。A选项“因为拍卖在晚上进行”和B选项“作为人群聚集的信号”以及C选项“让拍卖师保持温暖”文章都没有提及，属于无中生有。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“lot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.（如果广告不能给出全部细节，则会打印商品目录，每一组要一起出售的商品通常会给出一个编号，称为“批次”。拍卖人不必从第一批拍品开始，按数字顺序进行拍卖；他可能会等到他知道某些商人在拍卖厅后，展示商人可能感兴趣的批次。），由此可知商品目录是为了告诉潜在买家商品拍卖的顺序，所以C选项“拍卖商品的顺序”正确。A选项“货物的当前市场价值”和D选项“拍卖会免费入场”文章都没有提到，属于无中生有；B选项“待出售货物的详细信息”对应第四段第一句“拍卖通常是事先发布广告，详细说明要出售的物品以及买家可以在何时何地看到这些物品”，由此可知待出售商品的详细信息并不出现在目录上，而是出现在广告上，属于张冠李戴。因此C选项正确。

3.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第四段第三句TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueinnumericalorder;hemaywaituntilheregistersthefactthatcertaindealersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.（拍卖师不需要从第一批拍品开始，按数字顺序进行拍卖；他可能会等到他知道某些商人在拍卖厅后，展示商人可能感兴趣的批次。），结合第四段第一句Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbyprospectivebuyers.（拍卖通常会事先做广告，详细说明待售物品的详细情况，以及潜在买家可以在何时何地看到这些物品。），由此可知拍卖中很重要的是让对拍品感兴趣的人看到拍品及其信息，而拍卖人会等到拍品的潜在买家在场时进行拍卖，所以B选项“根据经验他知道哪些人想要买哪些东西”正确。A选项“有时想迷惑买家”，C选项“想让某些人等着”和D选项“想减少买家的数量”文中没有提到，属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段最后一句Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.（拍卖师的服务是按商品售价的百分比支付的。因此，拍卖商在尽可能提高出价方面有着直接的利益。），所以A选项“他们自己能赚更多”正确。B选项“商人们高兴”；C选项“拍卖会会更有名”和D选项“吸引顾客”文章都没有提到，属于无中生有。因此A选项正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章倒数第二句Eventhebestauctioneers,however,finditdifficulttostopa“knockout”,wherebydealersillegallyarrangebeforehandnottobidagainsteachotherbutnominateoneofthemselvesastheonlybidderinthehopeofbuyinggoodsatextremelylowpric