考研考博-英语-广州城建职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-广州城建职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.填空题

Theefforttoclarifythebewilderingnumberofinterrelatedobservations________bypsychoanalyticexplorationledtothedevelopmentofamodelofthestructureofthepsychicsystem.(cover)

【答案】uncovered

【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】根据关键词by，可知横线所在内容为动词的过去分词，uncover的意思为“发现，揭露”，符合语境，其过去分词为uncovered。

【句意】精神分析探索发现的观察结果数目众多、令人眼花缭乱、又相互关联，努力阐明这些结果促进了精神系统结构模型的发展。

2.单选题

Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationishatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies

Inanarticleonthenewmanners,MrsHolmessaysthataperfectlyablewomannolongerhastoacthelplesslyinpublicasifshewereamodel.Forexample,shedoesn'tneedhelpgettinginandoutofcars.“Womengetinandoutofearstwentytimesadaywithbabiesanddogs.Surelythecangetoutbythemselvesatnightjustaseasily.”

Shealsosaysthereisnoreasonwhyamanshouldwalkontheoutsideofawomanonthesidewalk.Historically,themanwalkedontheinsidesohecaughtthegarbagethrownoutofawindow.Todayamanissupposedtowalkontheoutside.Amanshouldwalkwherehewantsto.Soshouldawoman.If,outofloveandrespect,heactuallywantstotaketheblows,heshouldwalkontheinside—becausethat’swhereattackersareallhidingthesedays.

Asfarasmannersareconcerned,IsupposeIhavealwaysbeenasupporterofwomen’sliberation.Overtheyears,outofasenseofrespect,Iimagine,Ihaverefusedtotroublewomenwithoutdatedcourtesies.

Itisusuallyeasiertofollowrulesofsocialbehaviorthantodependonone'sowntaste.Butrulesmayhesafelybroken,ofcourse,bythoseofuswiththegiftofnaturalgrace.Forexample,whenamanandawomanareledtotheirtableinarestaurantandthewaiterpullsoutachair,thewomanisexpectedtositinthechair.ThatisaccordingtoMs.AnnClark.Ihavealwaysdoneittheotherway,accordingtomylife.

Itcameuponlytheothernight.Ifollowedthehostesstothetable,andwhenshepulledthechairoutIsatonit,quitenaturally,sinceithappenedtobethechairIwantedtositin.

“Well,”mywifesaid,whenthehostesshadgone,“youdiditagain.”

“Didwhat?”Iasked,utterlyconfused.

“Tookthechair.”

Actually,sinceI’dwalkedthroughtherestaurantaheadofmywife,itwouldhavebeenawkward,Ishouldthink,nottohavetakenthechair.Ihadgottherefirst,afterall.

Also,ithasalwaysbeenmycustomtogetinacarfirst,andletthewomangetinbyherself.ThisiscourtesyIinsistonasthestrongersex,outofloveandrespect.Intimeslikethese,theremightbeattackershiddenabout.Itwouldbeunsuitabletoputawomaninacarandthenshutthedooronher,leavingheratthemercyofsomehadfellowwhomightbehidinginthebackseat.

1.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

2.What'stheauthor'sattitudeaboutthewholequestionofmannersandwomen'sliberation?

3.Ms.AnnClarkwouldmostprobablyagreethat______.

4.Bysaying"youdiditagain"(Para.7),theauthorswifemeansthat______.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhytheauthorgetsintoacarbeforeawoman?

问题1选项

A.itcanbreakrulesofsocialbehaviors

B.inwomen'sliberationmenarealsoliberated

C.womenarebecomingmorecompetentthanbefore

D.menshouldwalkontheoutsideofapavement

问题2选项

A.Serious

B.Critical

C.Joking

D.Satirical

问题3选项

A.Ms.Holmes'sopinionsonthenewmannersarejustified

B.theauthorisamanwiththegiftofnaturalgrace

C.oneshouldfollowsocialcustominsteadofhisowntaste

D.menandwomenareequalinmostofthesocialevents

问题4选项

A.theauthorshouldhaveshownhispolitenessbypullingoutthechairforher

B.theauthorshouldnothavesatdownbeforeshedid

C.theauthorshouldnothavesatinthechairpulledoutbythewaitress

D.theauthorshouldhavewalkedbehindher

问题5选项

A.Heintendstobepolitetothewoman.

B.Hedoesthatbyforceofhabit.

C.Hewantstoprotectthewomanfromhiddendanger.

D.Hethinkswomennowadaysareascapableasmen.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的第一句“Oneofthegoodthingsformeninwomen’sliberationisthatmennolongerhavetopaywomentheold-fashionedcourtesies．”对男性来说,妇女解放带来的一个好处就是男人不用遵守尊重妇女的旧式礼节了。由此可知,在妇女解放过程中,男性也得到了解放,所以选项B符合原文。

2.从作者的叙述方式看,作者在讨论举止风度以及妇女解放问题时带有调侃语气。例如,在第四段的第二句中,作者说,他拒绝用一些过时的礼节来麻烦女士(事实上对女性表示礼貌恭维谈不上是“麻烦”),而且之所以这样,是出于一种尊敬。又如,在第五段第二句中,作者将自己看作是那些具有“天然风度”(naturalgrace)的男士,而所谓“天然”,却是一切顺其自然,不受社会礼仪规范所约束。由此可以确定选项C为正确答案。

3.根据关键词“AnnClark”定位到第五段的后半部分,AnnClark认为当一名男性和一名女性被带到餐桌子前,服务员拿出一把椅子,坐在椅子上的应该是女性。说明AnnClark比较赞同传统的社会行为规则,而作者的做法恰好与其相反,他喜欢顺着自己的意愿。所以选项C符合原文。

4.根据原文内容可知,作者坐在那把椅子上的原因是因为那个正是他想坐的椅子,而且他是在妻子的前面到达的,这是作者的一种习惯。所以作者的妻子认为作者不应该按照自己的习惯坐在那把椅子上,所以选项C正确。

5.根据原文最后一段内容可知,作者比女性先上车的原因,首先这是他的一个习惯,其次是出于礼貌,爱和尊重,以及保护女性的安全避免受到潜在的袭击。只有选项D不正确。

3.单选题

Ofrecentinventions,itisperhapsthemotorcarwhichhas

ourlivesmorethananythingelse.

问题1选项

A.transformed

B.transmitted

C.transferred

D.transplanted

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。transformed“转变”；transmitted“传输”；transferred“转移”；transplanted“移植”。句意：在最近的发明中，也许汽车比其他任何东西都更能改变我们的生活。选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Herlecturecoveredawide（）oftopics,rangingfromtheheatedcontroversytoacademicreflection.

问题1选项

A.extent

B.range

C.collection

D.number

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她的演讲涉及从激烈的争论到学术反思的广泛话题。

考查名词辨析。extent范围；程度（尤指事物延展的范围、高度或距离）；range范围；幅度（尤指认知、知识、经验或能力方面的范围）;collection采集;收集;number数字;号码。这里选择B项比较合适，awiderangeoftopics表示“广泛话题”。

5.单选题

Diamondshavelittle______valueandtheirpricedependsalmostentirelyontheirscarcity.

问题1选项

A.extinct

B.permanent

C.surplus

D.intrinsic

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项extinct“灭绝的”；B选项permanent“永恒的，不变的”；C选项surplus“过剩的”；D选项intrinsic“固有的，内在的，本质的”。根据theirpricedependsalmostentirelyontheirscarcity可知D选项符合语义。句意：钻石几乎没有内在价值，其价格几乎完全取决于其稀缺性。

6.单选题

______divorceourselvesfromthemassesofthepeople.

问题1选项

A.Innotimeweshould

B.Innotimeshouldwe

C.Atnotimeweshould

D.Atnotimeshouldwe

【答案】D

【解析】考查部分倒装和固定搭配。句意：在任何时候我们都不应该脱离人民群众。innotime“立刻”，atnotime“绝不”，结合语境确定用atnotime；根据选项确定考查具有否定意义的词组放句首的部分倒装，其结构为否定意义的词组+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+其他，所以D选项Atnotimeshouldwe符合题意。因此D选项正确。

7.单选题

Hewasfiredbecausehewas（

）lateforwork.

问题1选项

A.occasionally

B.consistently

C.presently

D.weekly

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。occasionally“偶尔”；consistently“一贯地”；presently“不久，一会儿”；weekly“每周一次”。句意：他被解雇了，因为他上班总是迟到。选项B符合题意。

8.写作题

Directions:Givealistofatleast5examplesofhowChinesecultureshinesaIdazzlingOlympicsopeningceremony,e.g.thepercussionrhythmsof2,008fouls,aprimitiveinstrumenlmadeofclayorbronze.RememberIowriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】略

9.单选题

In1885OwenWister(1850-1938)recordedthat“itwon’tbeacenturybeforethewestissimplythetrueAmerica,withthought,type,andlifeofitsown”andhewanted“tobethehandthatonce,forall,chronicledandlaidbarethevirtuesandtheicesofthisextraordinaryphaseofAmericansocialprogress.”Heneverbecamethatself-envisionedTolstoioftheoldWest,butin1902TheVirginianwaspublished.Itwoninstantsuccessandsky-rocketeditsauthortofame.Itisstillthemostpopular“western”noveleverpublishedandthemasterdesignforthefictionoftheWildWest.

TheVirginianestablishedaliteraryform,aformulapopularlyknownas“horseopera”,whoseconventions,cliches,andvalueshavereappearedinnovelsandshortstories,inmoviesandtelevisionserials,eversince.Theromanticcowboyistheheroandgentleman,oneofthose“goodmeninthehumblerwalksoflife”,whoseemsthroughshams,defendsjusticeandalady’shonor,shootsitoutwiththevillainandconquersevil.BecauseofTheVirginian,Wistercreatedacharacterwhoistheoriginaltypeforthewesternfolkhero.HerepresentstheembodimentofcertainAmericanideals—amanwhoisequaltoalloccasionswhoshowsindependenceofaction,amanwhokeepshiswordwhoisabroad-gaugefellowlivingamongnarrow-gaugefold”.ButtheliterarydeviceandcowboycodewhichWisterestablisheddictatedthattheheromustkilltheheadman.Thisnecessityforsanctioningmurderandromanticizingofthecowboyasagentlemanprohibited.TheVirginianandthegenreitcreatedfrombecomingseriousfiction,orevenanauthenticproductofthewesternexperience.Insteadofachievinghisambition,therefore,WistergaveusasortofAmericanfolkepic,thecowboystory.

1.OwenWisterbelieved（）.

2.Stylistically,TheVirginianisnotedforthefactthatit（）.

3.ThepopularitywhichwasaccordedTheVirginianindicatesthatWister（）.

4.Theauthorofthearticlebelievesthat（）.

问题1选项

A.thewayoflifeinthewestin1885wasapassingphase

B.thecowboyin1885symbolizedthetypicalAmericanmode

C.thewestwouldbealwaysisolatedfromtherestofthecountrybyitsmoralcode

D.noneofthese

问题2选项

A.waswrittenaccordingtoapre-establishedformula

B.establishedtheformulaknownas“horseopera”

C.followedtheliteraryconventionsoftheday.

D.abandonedAmericanconventionsinfavorofforeignones

问题3选项

A.hadwrittenanaccountofthecowboywhichappealedtoAmericanaspirations

B.gaveusanauthenticaccountofthewesternexperience

C.becametheAmericanTolstoi

D.realizedhisstatedambition

问题4选项

A.TheVirginiandidnotdeservethesuccessitwon

B.Wisterwasahack

C.WistermadeadefinitecontributiontoAmericanliterature

D.cowboystoriesshouldbeconsideredseriousfiction

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】1.根据第一段第一句“itwon’tbeacenturybeforethewestissimplythetrueAmerica.”可知选项A错误；选项B在文中没有提及；选项C明显错误；所以本题选D。

2.根据第二段第一句“TheVirginianestablishedaliteraryform,aformulapopularlyknownas“horseopera”,...”弗吉尼亚人建立了一种文学形式，一种被普遍称为“马戏”的模式。选项B与原文描述一致，所以正确。

3.根据第二段最后一句“Insteadofachievinghisambition,therefore,WistergaveusasortofAmericanfolkepic,thecowboystory.”Wister没有实现他的抱负，而是给我们讲述了一部美国民间史诗，牛仔的故事。这使我们对西方的经历有了真实的了解，所以选项B正确。

4.根据第一段倒数第二句“...TheVirginianwaspublished.Itwoninstantsuccessandsky-rocketeditsauthortofame.”可知选项A错误；选项B在文中没有提及；选项C符合原文；选项D不正确，所以本题选C。

10.单选题

Manyadvantagescomewithbeingafirst-bornchild.First-bornstendtomakemoremoneythantheiryoungersiblings;theyaremorelikelytoearnadvanceddegrees,andtheyhaveslightlybetteroddsofbecomingpresidents,primeministers,andNobellaureates.Theyevenhavelongerlifeexpectancythanlater-bornsiblings.

Thereisyetanotheradvantage:First-bornchildrenshowbettersecondlanguageskillsthanlater-bornchildren.Atleastthiswasthefindingofnewresearchinlastmonth’sissueofFrontiersinPsychology.

Thestudy,ledbyDr.KarinKellerofSwitzerland’sUniversityofBasel,examinedthesecondlanguageskillsof1209immigrantchildrenbetweentheagesoftwo-and-a-halfandthreefromSwitzerland’sGerman-speakingregionofBasel.Thestudywasadministeredviamail;parentsfilledoutasurveyaskingthemtoassesstheirchild’sGermanlanguageability.Theyalsoreporteddemographicinformationsuchashowmanyotherchildrenwereinthehousehold,birthorder,numberofbooksinthehousehold,andparentallanguageskills.

Thefindingsofthestudyareasthefollowing.First,childrenwithmoresiblingsexhibitedworsesecondlanguageskillsthanchildrenwithfewersiblings.Thismakessomesense;onemightimaginethatlargerimmigrantfamiliesaremorelikelytopropagatethecommunicationstylesoftheirhomecountry.Furthermore,morechildrenmeanslesstimeforparentstodeveloptheirchildren’ssecondlanguageabilities.

Second,theresearchersfoundthatfirst-bornchildrenexhibitedaminor,butstatisticallysignificant,advantageintheirsecondlanguageabilities.

Whenexplainingthecausesforthelanguageabilitydifferences,theresearcherssuggestthatthedifferenceshavemoretodowithenvironmentalfactors.Theycitea“resourcedilutionmodel”,inwhichfirst-bornchildrenbenefitfromagreaterparentalresourceinvestment.Theresearcherswrite,“Everyadditionalsiblingmeansareductionintheshareofresourcesallocatedtoeachchild,thusreducingthefoundationsoftheirintellectualdevelopment.”

Kellerandherteamofresearchers,however,werequicktoputthisfindingincontext.Theynotethattheeffectisquitesmall;theywereonlyabletofinditbecauseofthestudy’slargesamplesize.Furthermore,exposuretoearlyeducationinstitutionsoffsettheeffectofbirthorderonsecondlanguageacquisition.This,intheresearchers’minds,isthekeytakeawayfromthisstudy.

Kellerandhercolleagueswrite,“Consideringthatfamiliesfromimmigrantbackgroundshavefewerfinancialresources,andthattheseresourcesinfluencethechildren’slevelofdevelopment.Itseemsallthemoreimportantthatimmigrantfamilieswithmanychildrenarefinanciallysupportedsothattheirchildrenareofferedthebestopportunitiespossiblefortheiracademiccareers.Giventheresultsofthisstudy,promotingtheattendanceofearlyeducationinstitutionsisanefficientwayofachievingthisgoal.”

6.Whatdoweknowaboutfirst-bornchildren?

7.WhatdoesthestudyofDr.KarinKellerfind?

8.Whatisoneofthereasonsforlanguageabilitydifferencesbetweenfirst-bornsandlater-borns?

9.Whatistheimportantinformationfromthestudyaccordingtotheresearchers?

10.Whatissuggestedtohelptheimmigrantfamilies?

问题1选项

A.Theyaremorehelpfulwithhousework.

B.Theyhaveashorterlifespan.

C.Theyseemtobestronger.

D.Theytendtobebetteroff.

问题2选项

A.Parentswithmorechildrentendtospendlesstimewiththem.

B.Immigrantfamiliespaylessattentiontotheirchildren’slanguageability.

C.Childrenwithfewersiblingshavebettersecondlanguageskills.

D.Childrenwithmoresiblingshavemorechancetopracticeasecondlanguage.

问题3选项

A.Geneticfactor.

B.Parentingmodel.

C.Resourceallocation.

D.Siblingcompetition.

问题4选项

A.Immigrantbackgroundscaninfluencechildren’ssecondlanguageability.

B.Earlyeducationcanmakeupforbirthordereffectonsecondlanguageacquisition.

C.Children’sintellectualdevelopmentisimportantforsecondlanguagelearning.

D.Thebirthordereffectonsecondlanguageacquisitiondependsonthesamplesize.

问题5选项

A.Givingfinancialsupporttothosewithfewerresources.

B.Offeringmoreopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofparents.

C.Callingoneducationinstitutionstoofferfreecourses.

D.Carryingoutmorestudiesonlanguageacquisitionabilities.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】6.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干可定位到文章第一段“First-bornstendtomakemoremoneythantheiryoungersiblings;theyaremorelikelytoearnadvanceddegrees,andtheyhaveslightlybetteroddsofbecomingpresidents,primeministers,andNobellaureates.Theyevenhavelongerlifeexpectancythanlater-bornsiblings.（第一个出生的孩子往往比他们的弟弟妹妹赚更多的钱；他们更有可能获得高级学位，他们成为总统、总理和诺贝尔奖获得者的几率略高。他们甚至比后来出生的兄弟姐妹寿命更长。）”，由此可推断出先出生的孩子往往境况更好。A选项“他们在家务方面更有帮助”文章没有提到；B选项“他们的寿命较短”说法错误；C选项“他们看起来更强壮”文中也没有提到；D选项“他们往往比较富裕”正确。A、B、C选项均不符合题意，因此D选项正确。

7.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“First,childrenwithmoresiblingsexhibitedworsesecondlanguageskillsthanchildrenwithfewersiblings.（首先，兄弟姐妹多的孩子比兄弟姐妹少的孩子表现出更差的第二语言能力。）”，由此可知兄弟姐妹少的孩子的第二语言能力比较强。A选项“孩子多的父母与孩子相处的时间往往更少”；B选项“移民家庭对孩子的语言能力关注较少”；C选项“兄弟姐妹较少的孩子有更好的第二语言能力”；D选项“有更多兄弟姐妹的孩子有更多的机会练习第二语言”，A、B、D选项均不符合题意，因此C选项正确。

8.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。文章第六段写到：Theycitea“resourcedilutionmodel”,inwhichfirst-bornchildrenbenefitfromagreaterparentalresourceinvestment.Theresearcherswrite,“Everyadditionalsiblingmeansareductionintheshareofresourcesallocatedtoeachchild,thusreducingthefoundationsoftheirintellectualdevelopment.”（他们引用了一个“资源稀释模型”，在这个模型中，第一个出生的孩子受益于父母更多的资源投资。研究人员写到，“每增加一个兄弟姐妹意味着分配给每个孩子的资源份额减少，从而减少了他们智力发展的基础。”）。由此可知先后出生的孩子在资源分配上存在着差异。A选项“遗传因素”；B选项“教育模式”；C选项“资源分配”；D选项“兄弟姐妹竞争”。A、B、D选项均不符合题意，因此C选项正确。

9.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第七段“Furthermore,exposuretoearlyeducationinstitutionsoffsettheeffectofbirthorderonsecondlanguageacquisition.This,intheresearchers’minds,isthekeytakeawayfromthisstudy.（此外，接触早教机构抵消了出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响。在研究人员看来，这是这项研究的关键。）”，由此可知研究中最关键的发现就是早期教育可以帮助弥补出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响。A选项“移民背景会影响儿童的第二语言能力”；B选项“早期教育可以弥补出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响”；C选项“儿童的智力发展对第二语言学习很重要”；D选项“出生顺序对第二语言习得的影响取决于样本量”。A、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此B选项正确。

10.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Consideringthatfamiliesfromimmigrantbackgroundshavefewerfinancialresources,andthattheseresourcesinfluencethechildren’slevelofdevelopment.Itseemsallthemoreimportantthatimmigrantfamilieswithmanychildrenarefinanciallysupportedsothattheirchildrenareofferedthebestopportunitiespossiblefortheiracademiccareers.（考虑到移民家庭的经济资源较少，而这些资源会影响孩子的发展水平。似乎更重要的是，有很多孩子的移民家庭得到经济上的支持，这样他们的孩子就能在学术生涯中获得最好的机会。）”，由此可知移民家庭需要经济资源的支持。A选项“向资源较少的人提供财政支持”；B选项“为父母提供更多的发展机会”；C选项“呼吁教育机构提供免费课程”；D选项“开展更多的语言习得能力研究”。B、C、D选项均不符合题意，因此A选项正确。

11.单选题

Whethertheirfootballteamwinisamatterof（

）tome.

问题1选项

A.indifference

B.discrimination

C.deviation

D.interests

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项indifference“漠不关心”；B选项discrimination“歧视，区别”；C选项deviation“偏差，误差”；D选项interest“兴趣，爱好”。句意：他们的足球队是否能赢对我来说无关紧要。选项A符合语境。

12.单选题

FlatswerealmostunknowninBritainuntilthe1850swhentheyweredeveloped,alongwithotherindustrialdwellings,forthelaboringclasses.Thesevastblockswereplainlya（1）meansof（2）socialconsciencebyhousinglargenumbersoftheever-presentpooron（3）citysites.Duringthe1880s,however,theideaoflivingincomfortableresidentialchamberscaughtonwiththe（4）upperanduppermiddle-classes,and（5）astotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofflatlifewasatopicofconversation（6）manya（7）dinnertable.InParisandothermajorEuropeancities,thecustomwherebythebetter-offlivedinapartments,orflats,waswell（8）.Uptothelate19thcenturyinEnglandonlybachelorbarristershadestablishedthe（9）oflivinginroomsneartheLawCourt:anyself-respectingheadofhouseholdwouldinsist（10）aWestEndtownhouseashisLondonhome,thebestthathis（11）couldprovide.

The（12）offlatsforthebetter-offseemstohavedevelopedforanumberofreasons.First,perhaps,throughthe（13）oftherailways,whichhadenabledawide（14）ofpeopletoenjoyaholidaystayinginasuiteatoneoftheluxuryhotelswhichhadbeguntospringupduringthepreviousdecade.（15）,nodoubt,thefactthatmanyoftheearlyluxuryflatsweresimilar（16）hotelsuites,evenbeingprovidedwith（17）diningroomsandcentralboilersforhotwaterandheating.Rentstendedtobehightocoveroverheads,butsavingsweremade（18）bythesecommunalamenitiesand（19）tenantsbeingableto（20）thenumberoffamilyservants.

问题1选项

A.conservative

B.conventional

C.convenient

D.communicative

问题2选项

A.easing

B.decreasing

C.diminishing

D.enhancing

问题3选项

A.compact

B.condensed

C.compressed

D.compatible

问题4选项

A.flourishing

B.affluent

C.humble

D.impoverished

问题5选项

A.ambiguity

B.controversy

C.prediction

D.compromise

问题6选项

A.around

B.through

C.over

D.above

问题7选项

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respectable

D.respecting

问题8选项

A.launched

B.imposed

C.established

D.enacted

问题9选项

A.tradition

B.anticipation

C.conviction

D.qualification

问题10选项

A.in

B.to

C.upon

D.for

问题11选项

A.sense

B.method

C.means

D.duty

问题12选项

A.superiority

B.popularity

C.priority

D.adversity

问题13选项

A.production

B.destruction

C.consumption

D.introduction

问题14选项

A.category

B.ratio

C.proportion

D.range

问题15选项

A.Nevertheless

B.Notwithstanding

C.Hence

D.Hitherto

问题16选项

A.with

B.to

C.for

D.as

问题17选项

A.communal

B.mutual

C.concentrated

D.domestic

问题18选项

A.vulnerable

B.available

C.accessible

D.possible

问题19选项

A.with

B.from

C.at

D.by

问题20选项

A.shorten

B.reduce

C.shrink

D.increase

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:C

第9题:A

第10题:C

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:D

第14题:D

第15题:C

第16题:B

第17题:A

第18题:D

第19题:D

第20题:B

【解析】1.考查形容词辨析。conservative“保守的”；conventional“传统的，常见的，符合习俗的”；convenient“方便的”；communicative“爱说话的，健谈的”。句意：这些公寓在那时是用来缓解社会良知的方便方法，这些房子里当时住着许多穷人。通过把大多数穷人安置在小公寓里是一种方便的方法。故C项正确。

2.考查动词辨析。ease“减轻，缓解，缓和”；decrease“减少”；diminish“减少，使变小”；enhance“增加”。此处指缓和社会良知，故A项正确。

3.考查形容词辨析。compact“袖珍的，紧凑的”；condensed“浓缩的，扼要的”；compressed“被压缩的”；compatible“兼容的，能共处的”。由citysites可知城市街区里的公寓是很紧凑的。故A项正确。

4.考查形容词辨析。flourishing“繁荣的，繁盛的”；affluent“富裕的，丰盛的”；humble“谦虚的，简陋的，”；impoverished“穷困的，用尽了的”。由“upperanduppermiddle-classes”可知上层阶级是富裕的，故B项正确。

5.考查名词辨析。ambiguity“含糊，模棱两可”；controversy“争议，争论”；prediction“预报，语言”；compromise“妥协，和解”。由下文可知此空指的是有关公布公寓生活的优点和缺点的争论。故B项正确。

6.考查固定搭配。aroundthetable围坐在餐桌周围。

7.考查形近词辨析。respective“各自的”；respectful“恭敬的，有礼貌的”；respectable“体面的，值得尊敬的，人格高尚的”；respecting“关于”。富人的餐桌应该是体面的，故C项符合题意。

8.考查动词辨析。launch“发射，发起，发动”；impose“强加，征税，以…欺骗”;establish“建立，确立”；enact“颁布，制定法律”。在巴黎和欧洲其他主要城市，富人住在公寓里的习俗已经建立。C项符合题意。

9.考查名词辨析。tradition“传统，习惯”；anticipation“预料，预想，预期”；conviction“定罪，确信，证明有罪”；qualification“资格，条件”。句意：到19世纪末，在英国只有单身律师建立了住在法院附近房子里的习惯。故A项符合题意。

10.考查固定搭配。insistupon“坚持”。句意：任何有自尊心的户主会坚持希望在西部小镇的房子安家。

11.考查名词辨析。sense“感觉，官能”；method“方法”；means“财产，方法”；duty“责任，职务”。这里指代这些有自尊心的户主希望能在西部小镇安家，并且最好他的财产能够负担这些费用。故C项正确。

12.考查名词辨析。superiority“优越，优势，优先性”；popularity“普及，流行，受欢迎”；adversity“逆境，不幸，灾难”。富人公寓很受欢迎似乎有许多理由。B项符合题意。

13.考查名词辨析。production“成品，成果”；destruction“毁灭”；consumption“消费，消耗”；introduction“介绍，引进，采用”。此处指由于火车的引进，许多人度假能够住在豪华酒店的套房里。

14.考查名词辨析。category“种类，分类”；ratio“比率，比例”；proportion“比例，占比”；range“范围，幅度”。awiderangeof“大范围的，许多不同的”。

15.考查连词。nevertheless“然而，不过”；notwithstanding“虽然，尽管”；hence“因此”；hitherto“迄今，至今”。句意：因此，不足为奇的是许多早期豪华公寓与酒店套房相似。联系上下文可知此处表示因果关系，前为因，此处表示结果。故C项正确。

16.考查固定搭配。besimilarto“与…相似的”。

17.考查形容词辨析。communal“公共的，公社的”；mutual“共同的，相互的”；concentrated“集中的，浓缩的，全神贯注的”；domestic“国内的”。由centralboilers中心锅炉可推知豪华公寓里的餐厅也是公共的，故A项正确。

18.考查形容词辨析。vulnerable“易受攻击的，脆弱的”；available“可获得的，可得到的”；accessible“可进入的，易接近的”；possible“可能的”。由thesecommunalamenties可推知这些公共设施可以帮助租客节省开支。故D项正确。

19.考查介词。由and前面的bythesecommunal…可知此空应填by。句意：这些公共设施以及房客通过减少家庭仆人的数量使得节省开支成为可能。

20.考查动词辨析。shorten“缩短，减少”；reduce“减少”；shrink“缩小，退缩”；increase“增加”。由savings可推知房客是减少雇佣仆人的数量。故B项项正确。

13.单选题

Bynowhehasreachedthe（

）ofhisambition.

问题1选项

A.superiority

B.resolution

C.summit

D.procedure

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项superiority“优越”；B选项resolution“分辨率，决心”；C选项summit“顶点”；D选项procedure“程序，步骤”。句意：到目前为止，他已经达到了他抱负的顶峰。选项C符合句意。

14.写作题

Asayinggoes“Thepastistheguideforthefuture.”Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththesaying?Youmaybaseyourjudgmentseitheronyourownlifeorworkexperiences,oronsocialdevelopments.Writeanessayofabout400words.

Requirements:Inthefirstpartofyourwritingyoushouldstateclearlyyourmainidea,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportthemainideawithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionorasummary.

【答案】【略】

15.单选题

Thiscompanyhasnowintroducedapolicy（）payrisesarerelatedtoperformancesatwork.

问题1选项

A.which

B.where

C.whether

D.what

【答案】B

【解析】考查引导词辨析。从语义上分析，后半句应是修饰policy的一个定语从句。which不可以用来引导该定语从句，因为which总要在从句中充当一定的成分。whether与what不引导定语从句。where相当于inwhich。当然，与where相比，在从句中我们更常用whereby来充当关系代词。句意：这家公司现在实行一项新工资政策，加薪与绩效挂钩。因此B选项正确。

16.单选题

Mostofusaretaughttopayattentiontowhatissaid—thewords.Wordsdoprovideuswithsomeinformation,butmeaningsarederivedfromsomanyothersourcesthatitwouldhinderoureffectivenessasapartnertoarelationshiptorelytooheavilyonwordsalone.Wordsareusedtodescribeonlyasmallpartofthemanyideasweassociatewithanygivenmessage.Sometimeswecangaininsightintosomeofthoseassociationsifwelistenformorethanwords.Wedon’talwayssaywhatwemeanormeanwhatwesay.Sometimesourwordsdon’tmeananythingexcept“I’mlettingoffsomesteam.Idon’treallywantyoutopaycloseattentiontowhatI’msaying.JustpayattentiontowhatI’mfeeling.”Mostlywemeanseveralthingsatonce.Apersonwantingtopurchaseahousesaystothecurrentowner,“ThisstephastobefixedbeforeI’llbuy.”Theownersays,“It’sbeenlikethatforyears.”Actually,thestephasn’tbeenlikethatforyears,buttheunspokenmessageis:“Idon’twanttofixit.Weputupwithit.Whycan’tyou?”Thesearchforamoreexpansiveviewofmeaningcanbedevelopedbyexaminingamessageintermsofwhosaidit,whenitoccurred,therelatedconditionsorsituation,andhowitwassaid.

Whenamessageoccurscanalsorevealassociatedmeaning.Letusassumetwocouplesdoexactlythesameamountofkissingandarguing.Butonecouplealwayskissesafteranargumentandtheothercouplealwaysarguesafterakiss.Theorderingofthebehaviorsmaymeanagreatdealmorethanthefrequencyofthebehavior.Afriend’sunusuallydocilebehaviormayonlybeunderstoodbynotingthatitwasprecededbysituationsthatrequiredanabnormalamountofassertiveness.Someresponsesmaybedirectlylinkedtoadevelopingpatternofresponsesanddefylogic.Forexample,apersonwhosays“No!”toaserialsofchargeslike“You’redumb,”“You’relazy,”and“You’redishonest,”mayalsosay“No!”andtrytojustifyhisorherresponseifthenextstatementis“Andyou’regoodlooking.”

Wewoulddowelltolistenforhowmessagesarepresented.Thewords,“Ifsurehasbeennicetohaveyouover,”canbesaidwithemphasisandexcitementorritualistically.Thephrasecanbesaidonceorrepeatedseveraltimes.Andthemeaningsweassociatewiththephrasewillchangeaccordingly.Sometimesifwesaysomethinginfrequentlyitassumesmoreimportance,sometimesthemorewesaysomethingthelessimportanceitassumes.

51.Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartners,if______.

52.“I’mlettingoffsomesteam”inparagraph1means______.

53.Thehouse-owner’sexampleshowsthatheactuallymeans______.

54.Someresponsesandbehaviorsmayappearveryillogical,butarejustifiableif______.

55.Theword“ritualistically”inthelastparagraphequalssomethingdone______.

问题1选项

A.theyuseproperwordstocarrytheirideas

B.theybothspeaktrulyoftheirownfeelings

C.theytrytounderstandeachother’sideasbeyondwords

D.theyarecapableofassociatingmeaningwiththeirword

问题2选项

A.I’mjustcallingyourattention

B.I’mjustkidding

C.I’mjustsayingtheopposite

D.I’mjustgivingoffsomesound

问题3选项

A.thestephasbeenlikethatforyears

B.hedoesn’tthinkitnecessarytofixthestep

C.theconditionofthestepisonlyaminorfault

D.thecostinvolve