考研考博-英语-云南外事外语职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南外事外语职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Theannual（）ofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.

问题1选项

A.stocking

B.stocktaking

C.stockpiling

D.stockholding

【答案】B

【解析】形近词辨析。stocking长袜；stocktaking盘点存货；stockpiling贮存，囤积；stockholding持有股票或证券。句意：百货公司的年度盘点明天开始。选项B符合句意。

2.写作题

Directions:Presentyourperspectiveontheissuebelow,usingrelevantreasonsand/orexamplestosupportyourviews.

Writeacompositionofabout350wordsentitledAnOccupationthatCanBringMyCreativeDrivesandTechnicalKnowledgeintoFullPlay.

【答案】【略】

3.单选题

Thisarticleopensandcloseswithdescriptionsoftwonewsreports,eachmakingonemajorpoint（

）theother.

问题1选项

A.inhonorof

B.inaccordancewith

C.incontrastwith

D.inagreementwith

【答案】C

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项inhonorof“为庆祝”；B选项inaccordancewith“依照，与…一致”；C选项incontrastwith“与…形成对比”；D选项inagreementwith“同意，与…一致”。句意：这篇文章的开头和结尾是对两篇新闻报道的描述，每一篇都有一个主要观点与另一篇形成对比。选项C符合语境。

4.单选题

Hello,mynameisRichardandIamanegosurfer.Thehabitbeganaboutfiveyearsago,andnowIneedhelp.Likemostjournalists,Ican'tdenythatoneofmyprivatejoysisseeingmybylineinprint.Nowtheinternetisallowingmetofeedthisvanitytoanevergreaterextent,andtheoccasionalsneakywebsearchhasgrownintoafull-blownobsessionwithhowhighupGoogle'srankingmyarticlesappearwhenIputmynameintothesearchbox.WhenIlastlooked,mybesteffortwasaratherhumiliating47thplace.Youknowyouhaveaproblemwhenyoufindyourselfcompetingforrankingwitharetiredbasketballplayerfromthe1970s.

NotthatI'maloneinsufferingfromadysfunctionaltechno-habit.Newtechnologieshaverevealedawholeraftofhithertounsuspectedpersonalityproblems:thinkcrackberry,powerpointlessnessorcheesepodding.Mostofusarefamiliarwithsendinganemailtoacolleaguesittingacoupleoffeetawayinsteadoftalkingtothem.Somegoontothewebtosnooponoldfriends,colleaguesorevenfirstdates.MoreofusthaneverrevealhighlypersonalinformationonblogsorMySpaceentries.Afewwillevenuseinternetanonymitytofoolothersintobelievingtheyaresomeoneelsealtogether.Soarethesewebsyndromesandtechnologicalticsnewversionsofoldafflictions,orarewedevelopingfreshmindbugs?

Developingabadhabitiseasierthanmanymightthink."Youcanbecomeaddictedtopotentiallyanythingyoudo,"saysMarkGriffiths,anaddictionresearcheratNottinghamTrentUniversityintheUK,"becauseaddictionsrelyonconstantrewards."Indeed,althoughdefinitionsofaddictionvary,thereisabodyofevidencethatsuggestsdrugaddictionsandnon-drughabitssharethesameneuralpathways.Whileonlyahardcorefewcanbeconsideredtruetechnologyaddicts,anentirelyunscientificsurveyoftheweb,andofNewScientiststaff,hasrevealedhowprevalenttechno-addictionsmayhavebecome.

Thewebinparticularhasopenedupahostofopportunitiesforoverindulgence.TakeWikipedia,Updatingtheentries—somethinganyonecando—hasbecomealmostawayoflifeforsome.Therearemorethan2400"Wikipedians",whohaveeditedmorethan4000pageseach."It'sclearlylikecrackforsomepeople,"saysDanCloselyatCornellUniversityinNewYork,whohasstudiedhowwebsitessuchasWikipediafosteracommunity.TocommittedWikipedians,hesays,thesiteismorethanausefulinformationresource;it'stheembodimentofanideologyoffreeinformationforall.

ThentherearephotologsiteslikeFlickr.Whilemostofuswouldratherdiethanbecaughtsurreptitiouslybrowsingthroughsomeoneelse'sphotos,thereneedbenosuchqualmsabouttheprivatepicspeopleputuponthesesites.MostpeopleusingFlickrandsimilarsitesspenttimeeachdaybrowsingalbumsownedbypeopletheyhadnevermet.Theydothisforemotionalkicks.KhalidandDixsuggest:flickingthroughsomeoneelse'sweddingphotos,forexample,allowspeopletodaydreamabouttheirownnuptials.

Emailisanotherareawherethingscangetoutofhand.Whileemailhasledtoarevivalofthehabitofpenningshortnotestofriendsandacquaintances,theeasewith,whichwecandothismeansthatwedon'talwaysthinkhardenoughaboutwhereourcasualcommentscouldendup.ThiswastheundoingofUSbroadcasterKeithOlbermann,whoearlierthisyearsentaprivateemailinwhichhedescribedafellowMSNBCreporteras"dumberthanasuitcaseofrocks".UnfortunatelyforOlbermann,thewordsfoundtheirwayintotheNewYorkDailyNews.

PamBriggs,aspecialistinhuman-computerinteractionattheUniversityofNorthumbria,UK,saysthelackofcuessuchasfacialexpressionsorbodylanguagewhencommunicatingelectronicallycanleadustoovercompensateinwhatwesay."Themediumissothin,there'slittleroomforprojectingourselvesintoit,"saysBriggs."Whenallthesocialcuesdisappear,wefeelwehavetoputsomethingelseintothevoid,whichisoftenanoveremotionalorover-intimatemessage."

ThehabitofforwardingjokeyemailsorYouTubevideos―thinkDietCokeandMentosfountains—canalsosayalotabouthowpeoplewanttobeperceived,Briggsadds."Werarelywanttobeseenastooserious,sowetrytoprojectmoreofourpersonalityintoemail."Thiscouldalsoexplainwhymanybloggersexposeprivateinformationthattheywouldnevershoutouttoacrowdedroom.

1.Richardfeltdisgracedwhenhefound（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingsareconsideredasoneofthewebsyndromes,EXCEPT（）

.

3.WhichofthefollowingistruetoWikipedia?

4.BrowsingFlickrandsimilarsitesshowsthat（）

.

5.Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkedabout?

问题1选项

A.hisarticlewasratedlow

B.hegotadysfunctionaltechno-habit

C.hecomparedhimselfwitharetiredbasketballplayer

D.hebecamemoreegocentric

问题2选项

A.pryintotheprivateaffairsofothers

B.exposinghighlypersonalaffairsonthenet

C.surfingforinformationofcolleagues

D.talkingtonearbycolleaguesbyemail

问题3选项

A.Morethan4000pagesareofferedforedition.

B.Morethan2400Wikipediansworkfortheedition.

C.Everyonecandotherevisiononthewebpage.

D.Theentriescontributetopeople'sdevelopment.

问题4选项

A.peopledonotcarebecaughtwhilebrowsingthroughother'spics

B.peopleworryaboutuploadingthosepersonalalbums

C.peoplecanmakebetterarrangementoftheirownwedding

D.peopleflickthroughother'sphototostimulatetheirownemotion

问题5选项

A.Thewebinparticularhasopenedupahostofopportunitiesforoverindulgence.

B.Drugaddictionsandnon-drughabitssharethesameneuralpathways.

C.Peoplecanbecomeaddictedtopotentiallyanythingyoudo.

D.Newtechnologieshaverevealedsomeunsuspectedpersonalityproblems.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.根据第一段的倒数第二句“WhenIlastlooked,mybesteffortwasaratherhumiliating47thplace.”当我最后一次看的时候,我写的最好的一篇文章竟然排在相当丢人的第47名。所以选项A正确。

2.根据关键词“websyndromes”定位到第二段,网络综合症包括给坐在不远处的同事发邮件而不是直接和他们交谈；在网上窥探老朋友,同事甚至初次约会对象的隐私；在博客或个人空间里展现完全属于个人隐私的信息；还有人利用网络匿名来欺骗他人。选项A,B,D均有提及,只有选项C不属于网络综合症。

3.根据第四段的第三句“Therearemorethan2400"Wikipedians",whohaveeditedmorethan4000pageseach.”有2400多个“维基百科人”,每人编辑了4000多页的网页。选项B符合原文。

4.根据关键词“Flickr”定位到第五段“MostpeopleusingFlickrandsimilarsitesspenttimeeachdaybrowsingalbumsownedbypeopletheyhadnevermet.Theydothisforemotionalkicks.”大多数使用Flickr和类似网站的人每天都花时间浏览素未谋面的人的相册。他们这样做是受到情感的剌激。也就是为了激发自己的情感,所以选项D符合原文。

5.文章第二段的一二句为本文的中心句。本文主要是阐述新科技对个人产生的一些影响,揭示了一些未被发现的人的个性方面存在的问题。所以本题选D。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

5.单选题

Whenyouarecamping,therearemanyinconveniencesthathavetobe（）.

问题1选项

A.putupwith

B.caughtupwith

C.comeupwith

D.keptupwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。putupwith“忍受，容忍”；caughtupwith“给…迷住，入迷”；comeupwith“提出，想出，赶上”；keptupwith“赶得上，和…保持联系”。句意：当你露营时，你不得不忍受许多不便。A项符合题意。

6.单选题

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally（

）.

问题1选项

A.deteriorated

B.dispersed

C.dissipated

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。Deteriorated“恶化”；dispersed“散开，驱散”；dissipated“驱散，消散”；drained“使流干”。句意：四年后，对于同一份工作，他的热情最终逐渐消失了。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Theannouncementwill______therumorsofatakeoverthathaveplaguedthecompanyforthepast18months.

问题1选项

A.append

B.scotch

C.exhort

D.exhale

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.append附加，贴上；盖章B.scotch阻止，平息；终止

C.exhort忠告；劝诫D.exhale呼气；发出，发散

【答案】B

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的句子意思“过去18个月来困扰该公司的收购传言”，由情态动词will可知，Theannouncementwill______表示的是“这一声明将消除”，B项符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】这一声明将消除过去18个月来困扰该公司的收购传言。

8.单选题

“Betterlatethannever”isa____thatisveryfamiliartomostEnglishspeakers.

问题1选项

A.plaudit

B.platitude

C.plenty

D.plenary

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.plaudit赞美B.platitude陈词滥调

C.plenty丰富D.plenary全体会议

【答案】B

【考查点】句间逻辑

【解题思路】空格处所填词的后面有一个定语从句对它进行解释，其句意为“对于大多数说英语的人来说非常熟悉”；另外，该词指的是前面的俗语“迟做总比不做好”，由此可知，空格处的内容与“人们非常熟悉的俗语”类似，因此，B选项platitude“陈词滥调”符合原句语义逻辑。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项不符合原句语义逻辑。

【句意】“迟做总比不做好”是陈词滥调，大多数说英语的人都对此非常熟悉。

9.单选题

Aconditionisanessentialtermofthecontract.Ifacontractisnotperformed,itmayconstituteasubstantialbreachofcontractandallowtheotherpartyto（

）thecontract,thatis,treatthecontractasdischargedorterminated.

问题1选项

A.repudiate

B.spurn

C.decline

D.halt

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项repudiate“拒绝，拒不履行（法律）；否定”；B选项spurn“摈弃；藐视”；C选项decline“谢绝；下降；衰落”；D选项halt“停止；踌躇”。句意：条件是合同的一个重要条款。如果合同不履行，就可能构成对合同的实质性违约，并允许另一方……合同，即将合同视为解除或终止。因此A选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Thisidea,intheavowedpantheismofSpinoza,wassufferedtolapseduringthe18thcentury,wasrevivedagainbyLessingandHerder,andbecameoneofthecentralideasofthegreatRomanticandHegelianmovementsinGermanyinthe19thcentury.

问题1选项

A.cease

B.thrive

C.supersede

D.deplete

【答案】A

【解析】句意：斯宾诺莎宣扬的泛神论中提出的这一思想在18世纪遭到了……，莱辛和赫尔德又重新提出了这一思想，它成为了19世纪德国伟大的浪漫主义和黑格尔运动的核心思想之一。A选项cease“停止；结束”；B选项thrive“繁荣；兴旺”；C选项supersede“取代”；D选项deplete“耗尽；使衰竭”。句中既然说到“重新提出”，说明在18世纪这一思想是被终止或禁止传播的。因此A选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Theaccountant（

）thousandsofdollarsfromthecharitywhileappearingtobeitsbestfunderraiser.

问题1选项

A.donated

B.validated

C.embezzled

D.certify

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。donate捐赠；validate证实，验证；embezzled盗用，挪用；certify证明，保证。句意：那个会计盗用善款几千美元，却表现出自己是最佳的捐助者。由while可知，前后两句关系为转折，后半句提到“最佳捐赠者”，那么前半句句意应与之相反。故C项符合题意，答案C

12.单选题

Customersmayalsobepermittedto（

）theircurrentaccountsforashortperiodinanticipationofacredititemcomingin.

问题1选项

A.overextend

B.overdraw

C.overvalue

D.overpay

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项overextend“过分张开，过分扩展”；B选项overdraw“透支”；C选项overvalue“对……估价过高，高估”；D选项overpay“付款过多，多付报酬”。根据currentaccounts（往来账户）可知B选项符合语境。句意：客户如预知有一笔存入款项即将办理，也可短时期透支其往来账户。

13.填空题

Peoplewithdepressionmayhavelowself-esteem,asenseofhopelessnessaboutthefuture,andalackofinterestinpeopleandactivitiesoncefound________.(pleasure)

【答案】pleasurable

【解析】【考查点】形容词。

【解题思路】oncefound________是修饰peopleandactivities的后置定语，指的是曾经让抑郁症患者感到愉快的人和活动，横线所在内容修饰peopleandactivities，应为形容词，pleasurable的意思为“愉快的”，符合语境。

【句意】抑郁症患者可能自尊心较低，对未来感到绝望，对曾经令其愉快的人和活动缺乏兴趣。

14.单选题

Theconsolidationofthecrumblingwallsandtowershasbeencarriedoutin（）withaprogramagreedwithbytheDepartmentoftheEnvironment.

问题1选项

A.case

B.accordance

C.place

D.charge

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。inaccordancewith为固定搭配，表示“依照，与...一致”。

15.单选题

Becausetheywereunawareofhisinterestsinthebuilding,theydidnotunderstandwhyhe

AB

feltsobad.

CD

问题1选项

A.unawareof

B.interests

C.felt

D.sobad

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词单复数。interest意为“兴趣”时，为不可数名词。

试题答案：B;interestin

16.单选题

（）touchinginO'Henry'sstoriesisthegallantrywithwhichordinarypeoplestruggletomaintaintheirdignity.

问题1选项

A.Mostis

B.Itmostlyis

C.Isitmost

D.Whatismost

【答案】D

【解析】考查主语从句。what引导的名词性从句作主语，所以选项D正确。句意：在欧亨利的故事中，最感人的是普通人为维护自己的尊严而斗争的英勇行为。

17.单选题

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Theyareharmfultohealth.

B.Theyenrichourexperience.

C.Theyarenecessaryinourlives.

D.Theyshouldbedoneawaywith.

问题2选项

A.Theyareexhaustedevenwithoutdoinganyheavywork.

B.Theyfeeltoooverwhelmedtodealwithlife’sproblems.

C.Theyareanxioustofreethemselvesfromlife’stroubles.

D.Theyfeelstressedoutevenwithoutanychallengesinlife.

问题3选项

A.Theylessenourburdens.

B.Theynarrowourfocus.

C.Theyprolongourlives.

D.Theyexpandourmind.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

【解析】RecordingOne

Let’ssayyoustarttobrainstormalistofalltheemotionsyoueverexperienced.Justforfun,tryitnow.

What’sonyourlist?Chancesare,youincludedthingslike:happy,sad,excited,angry,afraid,grateful,proud,scared,confused,stressed,relaxedandamazed.Nowsortyourlistintotwocategories:positiveemotionsandnegativeemotions.

Feelingbothpositiveandnegativeemotionsisanaturalpartofbeinghuman.[16]Wemightusetheword“negative”todescribemoredifficultemotions,butitdoesn’tmeanthoseemotionsarebadorweshouldn’thavethem.Still,mostpeoplewouldprobablyratherfeelapositiveemotionthananegativeone.It’slikelyyouprefertofeelhappyinsteadofsadorconfidentinsteadofinsecure.

Whatmattersishowouremotionsarebalanced,howmuchofeachtypeoftheemotion,positiveornegative,weexperience.

Negativeemotionswarnusofthreatsorchallengesthatwemayneedtodealwith.Forexample,fearcanalertustopossibledanger,it’sasignalthatwemightneedtoprotectourselves.Angryfeelingswarnusthatsomeoneissteppingonourtoes,crossingaboundaryorviolatingourtrust.Angercanbeasignalthatwemightneedtoactonourownbehalf.

Negativeemotionsfocusourawareness.Theyhelpustozeroinonaproblemsowecandealwithit.[17]Buttoomanynegativeemotionscanmakeusfeeloverwhelmed,anxious,exhaustedorstressedout.Whennegativeemotionsareoutofbalance,problemsmightseemtoobigtohandle.

Themorewedwellonnegativeemotions,themorenegativewebegintofeel.Focusingonnegativityjustkeepsitgoing.

Positiveemotionsbalanceoutnegativeones,buttheyhaveotherpowerfulbenefits,too.[18]Insteadofnarrowingourfocus,likenegativeemotionsdo,positiveemotionsaffectourbrainsinwaysthatincreaseourawareness,attentionandmemory.Theyhelpustakeinmoreinformation,holdseveralideasinmindatonceandunderstandhowdifferentideasrelatetoeachother.

Whenpositiveemotionsopenusuptonewpossibilities,wearemoreabletolearnandbuildonourskills.Thatleadstodoingbetterontasksandtests.

Peoplewhohaveplentyofpositiveemotionsintheireverydaylivestendtobehappier,healthier,learnbetterandgetalongwellwithothers.

16.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutnegativeemotions?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问关于负面情绪，说话者说了些什么？录音前面部分提到：我们可能会用“负面”一词来描述让人难受的情绪，但是这并不意味着这种情绪很糟糕或者我们不该有这种情绪。也就是说“它们（负面情绪）在我们的生活中是必要的”，C选项符合录音原文表述。A选项“它们对健康有害”和B选项“它们丰富我们的经验”在录音中均没有提及；D选项“它们应该被摒弃”恰好与录音表达的意思相反，因此不正确。

17.Whathappenstopeoplewhosenegativeemotionsareoutofbalance?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问负面情绪失衡的人会发生什么？录音在谈到负面情绪时提到，负面情绪会集中我们的意识，这样我们就可以处理问题，但是出现过多的负面情绪会使我们不堪重负、焦虑、疲惫或压力过大。负面情绪一旦失去平衡，问题似乎变得太大而无法处理。因此B选项“他们感到不堪重负以致无法处理生活问题”与录音原文表述相符。A选项“即使不干重活，他们也筋疲力尽”；C选项“他们渴望摆脱生活的烦恼”和D选项“即使生活中没有任何挑战，他们还是感到紧张”在录音中均没有提及。

18.Howdopositiveemotionsaffectus?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问积极情绪是如何影响我们的？录音提到，（积极情绪）不像负面情绪那样会让我们缩小注意力的范围，积极情绪会影响我们的大脑，增强我们的意识、注意力和记忆力。它们帮助我们获取更多的信息，同时记住一些想法，并了解不同的想法是如何相互关联的。因此D选项“它们扩展我们的思维”正确。A选项“它们减轻我们的负担”和C选项“它们延长我们的寿命”在录音中均没有信息提及；B选项“它们使我们集中注意力”是负面情绪的作用，因此不正确。

18.单选题

FromsciencetoShakespeare,excellenttelevisionandvideoprogramsareavailable（）toteachers.

问题1选项

A.instore

B.inoperation

C.inabundance

D.instock

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项instore“贮藏着；准备着；将要发生”；B选项inoperation“生效；运转着”；C选项inabundance“大量的；丰富的；充足的”；D选项instock“有存货；现有”。句意：从科学到莎士比亚，教师们可以大量使用优秀的电视和视频节目。由空格前的关键词“available可使用的”可知“大量的”符合句意，因此C选项正确。

19.单选题

Ifauniondecidedtorepudiateastrike,ithadtowritetoallitsmemberstakingpartinthestriketotellthemthattheunionwouldgivenosupport,and（）theyriskeddismissalwithoutcompensation（）thestrikecontinued.

问题1选项

A.that...when

B.what...if

C.why...when

D.that...if

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。根据题意，可知第一个空格需填入一个引导词，和and前一句中的that从句构成并列关系，作动词tell的宾语，所以填入that引导宾语从句，选项B和C可排除。第二空格引导的从句是前面主句的条件，句意：如果罢工继续下去，他们有被解雇而得不到补偿的风险。选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

Hesoonregainedhisself-confidenceforhefoundhimself（）toothersinmanyrespects.

问题1选项

A.better

B.worse

C.superior

D.inferior

【答案】C

【解析】形容词词义辨析。句意：他很快恢复了自信，因为他发现自己在许多方面都比别人优秀。根据介词to可首先排除选项A和B，根据句意可知选项C正确。

21.单选题

Thereisageneral（）thatpouringoldwineintothesamebottlesisthewrongwaytogo.

问题1选项

A.consensus

B.census

C.neglected

D.negligible

【答案】A

【解析】考查。A选项consensus“一致，舆论，合意”；B选项census“人口普查，人口调查”；C选项neglected“被忽视的，无人照管的”；D选项negligible“微不足道的，可以忽略的”。句意：人们_____认为，把陈年的酒倒进同一个瓶子里是错误的做法。这里表达的意思是“人们都普遍（一致）认为”，因此A选项符合题意。

22.单选题

Somewealthierpeoplehavenotgrownupcaringfortheirsiblings,cousins,niecesandnephews,andhavenoideahowtobatheordressor________ababy.

问题1选项

A.soothe

B.slap

C.sway

D.scrub

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.soothe安慰，抚慰B.slap掌击，拍击

C.sway摇摆，说服D.scrub擦洗，刷洗

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】havenoidea是固定搭配，意为“不知道”，空格处和下文的“ababy（孩子）”构成动宾逻辑，表示不知道一些对待孩子的方法。or连接三个动词，说明空格处应该和“bathe（洗澡）、dress（穿衣）”类似，结合前半句句意“一些较富裕的人在成长过程中没有照顾过（caringfor）他们的兄弟姐妹、堂兄弟姐妹、侄女和侄子”可知，此处说的是照顾孩子过程中的一些事项。soothe指使焦躁不安的人平静下来，在本句中指把哭闹的孩子哄安静，因此A选项soothe“安慰，抚慰”最符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项slap“掌击，拍击”指用手掌打某人或某物，不能和“caringfor（照顾）”相对应；

C选项sway“摇摆，说服”指慢慢地从一边移动到另一边或使某人相信某事或做某事，不能和“caringfor（照顾）”相对应；

D选项scrub“擦洗，刷洗”指用力擦来清洗某物，不能和“baby（孩子）”进行搭配。

【句意】一些较富裕的人在成长过程中没有照顾过他们的兄弟姐妹、堂兄弟姐妹、侄女和侄子，他们不知道如何给孩子洗澡、穿衣或哄孩子。

23.单选题

Manyproverbs（

）inancientGreeceandRomeandmedievalEurope,spreadingfromcountrytocountryinLatintexts.

问题1选项

A.designated

B.descended

C.originated

D.created

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。designated指明，指派；descend遗传下来，来自；originated起源，来源，发生；create创造，创作。句意：许多来源于古希腊、罗马和中世纪的欧洲的格言，以拉丁文字的形式在国家之间传递着。起源于originatein，只有C项符合句意，答案C。

24.单选题

Neglecthasacceleratedtheprocessofthisbuilding’s（

）?

问题1选项

A.decline

B.egeneration

C.decay

D.wither

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。decline下降，衰退；degeneration退化，恶化；decay衰减，衰败，腐烂；wither枯萎，凋谢。句意：疏忽大意加速了这座建筑物的衰败。选项C更符合语境。

25.翻译题

TheRealReasonMattDamonWasBroughtintoSaveAncientChina"Now,whataboutthatmovieabouttheGreatWallofChinastarringeveryone’sfavoriteChineseactorMattDamon?"

1.Itwasjustoneofaslewofcommentsonsocialmediainthepastfewweekslampooningahugeactionmoviethatisscheduledtohittheatersearlyin2017.“TheGreatWall”,aco-productionbetweenChinaandHollywood,isthemostexpensivefilmevershotentirelyinChina,costingmorethan$150million.ThemoviefeaturesMattDamon,WillemDafoeandaslateofpopularChineseactorsusingtheGreatWalltodefendhumanityfromamonsterattack.

Butsincethefilm’strailerwasreleased,journalistsandcommentatorsonsocialmediahavecriticizeditfor"whitewashing"—replacingrolesthatcouldorshouldbecastwithactorsofcolorwithwhiteactors.WhatisMattDamondoingsavingancientChina,anyway?Couldn’ttheChinesehandlethatonthemselves?

2.Thecriticsdefinitelyhaveapoint—thefilmindustryhasalongaridtroublinghistoryofminimizingactorsofcolors.Someintheindustryboycottedthe2016Oscars,afteronlywhiteactorsandactresseswerechosenforthetopfourcategoriesforthesecondyearinarow.Andmoviesincluding.“Dr.Strange”,“GhostintheShell"and“Aloha”haveallrecentlybeencriticizedforcastingwhiteactressesinoriginallyAsianroles,justthelatestepisodeinalonghistoryofwhitewashinginHollywood.

Yet,there’salsoanironythatmanyhavemissed.DespiteDamon’sprominentappearance,thenutsandboltsof"TheGreatWall”aremoreChinesethanperhapsanymajorco-productionbetweentheUnitedStatesandChinahasbeenbefore.WithinChina,themovieisbeinghailedasthefirstofitskindtobemadebyamajorChinesedirector,backedbyChinese-ownedHollywoodstudioandfeaturingChinesehistoricalthemes.Andifsuccessful,itcouldmarkastepforwardfortheinfluenceoftheChinesefilmindustryaroundtheworld.

"TheGreatWallisdefinitelyamongthebiggestbudgetco-productions,andit’sthefirstverylargebudgetoneinwhichthereisamajorChinesecreativeforcebehindit,”saysAnneKokas,asassistantprofessorofmediastudiesattheUniversityofVirginiaandtheauthoroftheforthcomingbook,“HollywoodmadeinChina.”“That’spartofthestorythat'sgettingleftout.”

3.Inrecentyears,Hollywoodhasbegunavidlycourtingmovie-goersinChina,theworld’sseconds-largestmarketthatcouldsurpasstheUnitedStatestobecomethelargestnextyear.TheChinesefilmindustryisalsoeagertodevelopfilmsthatappealtoitsownaudiencesthatcanalsosucceedoutsideitsborders.CreatingafilmthatcapturesaudiencesinbothChinaandtheUnitedStateshasbeenaHollyGrailfortheglobalfilmthisyear,thefirsttimeamajorAmericanproductioncompanyhascomeunderChineseControl.

ThefilmwaswrittenbyHollywoodscreenwriters,anditfeaturesWesternstarsDamon,DafoeandPedroPascal,apparentlyinabidtoattractaudiencesoutsideChina'sborders.ThereisanotherlessrecognizedwayinwhichtheheroismofDamon'scharacter,aEuropeanmercenary,whoultimatelyhelpstosaveChina,couldbeseenasproblematic.

4.DirectorZhangYimouspokeouttodefend"TheGreatWall”againstchargesofwhitewashinglatelastweek.“Inmanyways'TheGreatWall’istheoppositeofwhatisbeingsuggested.Forthefirsttime,afilmdeeplyrootedinChineseculture,withoneofthelargestChinesecastseverassembled,isbeingmadeattentpolescaleforaworldaudience.”Headded,"MattDamonisnotplayingarolethatwasoriginallyconceivedforaChineseactor."

Othershavepointedtoanobviousprofitmotiveinthechoice,sayingthatDamon'spresenceinthefilmislikelytobringinviewersaroundtheworldwhowouldn’tordinarilywatchafilmsetinancientChina.Inaddition,thestrategyofputtingawhiteHollywoodactoratthehelmofamovietobroadenitsreachcanfailtoo,asConstanceWupointedout.That'strueforChinesefilmsaswell:ChinesestudioshavepaidmillionsofdollarstostarsincludingChristianBale,AdrienBrodyandJohnCusacktoappearinmostlyChinesefilmsthatultimatelyhadlittlesuccessinWesternmarkets.

5.InsideChina,theconversationsurroundingthefilmhasbeenverydifferent.MostChinesehavecheeredit,seeingZhangYimou’sinabig-budgetHollywoodfilmandtheprominenceoftheGreatWallasforcesthatcouldadvanceChina’sculturalinfluenceabroad.AndnowwhatLegendaryEntertainmentisownedbyChinesecompanyDalianWanda,thoseintheindustryarewatchingeagerlytoseewhetherChina’sinfluenceinHollywoodandtheglobalfilmmarketwillgrow.

If“TheGreatWall”isaboxofficefit,itcouldserveasamodelforfutureChina-U.S.co-production.Ifitflops,itwilllikelyleavetheindustryfurtherconfusedabouthowtocreatefilmthatappealstobothChineseandinternationalaudiences-andwhethersuchataskcanreliablybedone.

【答案】1.【参考译文】这只是过去几周在社交媒体上对一部定于2017年初上映的大型动作电影进行嘲讽的众多评论之一。由中国和好莱坞联合制作的《长城》是有史以来完全在中国拍摄的最昂贵的电影，耗资超过1.5亿美元。

2.【参考译文】影评人有自己的道理——电影业有一个长期令人不安的惯例，那就是一直在减少演员的肤色。一些业内人士抵制了2016年的奥斯卡颁奖典礼，因为只有白人男女演员连续两年进入前四名。

3.【参考译文】近年来，好莱坞已经开始在中国热切地吸引电影观众。中国是世界第二大市场，明年可能会超过美国成为最大的市场。中国电影业也渴望开发出既能吸引本国观众，又能在海外取得成功的电影。

4.【参考译文】上周晚些时候，导演张艺谋直言不讳地为《长城》辩护，驳斥了“粉饰”的指控。“从很多方面来讲，《长城》与人们的想法正好相反。一部拥有有史以来最大规模的中国演员阵容并且深深植根于中国文化的电影，正以大片的制作标准面向全球观众，这还是第一次。”

5.【参考译文】在中国国内，围绕这部电影的讨论非常不同。大多数中国人为之欢呼，他们将张艺谋在好莱坞大制作电影中的表现以及《长城》的突出地位都视为可能提升中国文化在海外影响的力量。

26.单选题

Mostmenholdastereotypedconceptionofwomenthatthefemalearebornwithfrailconstitutionsaswellasa（）mind.

问题1选项

A.compassionate

B.fragile

C.stubborn

D.fatal

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项compassionate“慈悲的，富于同情心的”；B选项fragile“脆的，易碎的”；C选项stubborn“固执的”；D选项fatal“致命的，重大的”。句意：大部分男人对于女人都有一个刻板的观念，那就是女人天生体格方面弱，思想方面（固执）。句中…mind与frailconstitutions相对应，根据句意，stubborn“固执的”用来修饰题中女人的思想正确。因此C选项符合题意。

27.单选题

Moreoftenthannot,readersarejustunderthe（）plotsofsciencefictionsanddetectivestories.

问题1选项

A.implicit

B.intricate

C.obedient

D.instinctual

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项implicit“含蓄的，暗示的”；B选项intricate“错综复杂的”；C选项obedient“顺从的，服从的”；D选项instinctual“本能的”。句意：通常情况下，读者只是置身在科幻小说和侦探小说（错综复杂）的情节之下。此处填入空格的形容词是用来修饰plots（情节）。结合句意“错综复杂的”修饰情节意思正确。因此B选项符合句意。

28.单选题

Theoldparadigmofuniversitiesasself-containedvillagesisbeingshatteredbynewtechnologiesandnewsocietalvalues,accordingtothecontributorstoTheUniversityinTransformation.

Theconventionalwisdomthatittakesasmallvillage—thecollegecampus—toproduceacollegegraduateunderliesthebasicstructureofmostuniversitiestoday.Thismodehaschangedsurprisinglylittlefromthatwhichemerged1,000yearsagoinmedievalEurope,Professorslecture,studentslisten,askquestions,andaretestedonhowwelltheyremembertheirprofessors’words.Butamillenniumlater,timeshavechanged.Likeitornot.Thethousand-year-oldidealofthecampusasavillage-pacedcommunityforscholarship,discussion,andresearchiseroding.Competingmodelsarebeginningtoemerge,incorporatingnewtechnologies,newformsoforganization,andnewsocialgoals.

TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon-Westernperspectives.Theiressaysraiseabroadrangeofissues,questioningnearlyeverykeyassumptionwehaveabouthighereducationtoday:Forinstance,whyshouldhighereducationcostsomuch,wheninformationnowcanbesoeasilyandcheaplysharedthroughtheInternetandothercomputer-basedtechnologies?Andwhymuststudentsregisterexclusivelyatoneinstitutiontopursueadegree,ratherthanfreelytakecoursesforcreditwhenandwherevertheybestmeettheirownparticularneeds?

ThemostwidelydiscussedalternativetothetraditionalcampusistheInternetUnity-avoluntarycommunityofscholar/teachersphysicallyscatteredthroughoutacountryoraroundtheworldbutalllinkedincyberspace.Acomputerizeduniversitycouldhavemanyadvantages,suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousandsorevenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.

YettheInternetUniversityposesdangers,too.Forexample,alineoffranchisedcourseware,producedbyafewsuperstarteachers,marketedunderthe