考研考博-英语-仙桃职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-仙桃职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Heattendstothe（）ofimportantbusinesshimself.

问题1选项

A.transaction

B.transition

C.transmission

D.transformation

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他亲自处理重要的生意。

考查名词辨析。transaction交易，业务，事务；transition过渡，转变；transmission播送，传送；transformation变化。根据后文“business生意”可知，A项“交易”正确。

2.单选题

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga’’donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple’sSafaribothofferDNT;Google’sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftsetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointforwindows8—thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle’sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft’schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:“webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol.”Coulditreallybethatsimple?

1.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto（

）.

2.“Theindustry”(Line5,Para.3)refersto

（

）.

3.TheauthorholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof（

）.

问题1选项

A.easecompetitionamongthemselves

B.lowertheiroperationalcosts

C.avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

D.providebetteronlineservices

问题2选项

A.onlineadvertisers

B.e-commerceconductors

C.digitalinformationanalysis

D.internetbrowserdevelopers

问题3选项

A.maycutthenumberofjunkads

B.failstoaffecttheadindustry

C.willnotbenefitconsumers

D.goesagainsthumannature

问题4选项

A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose.

B.AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT.

C.DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers.

D.Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads.

问题5选项

A.indulgence

B.understanding

C.appreciation

D.skepticism

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“behavioral”ads定位至第一段:Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy(俗话说得好一半的广告预算都被浪费了，但问题是没有人知道是哪一半广告预算被浪费了。在互联网时代，至少在理论上可以大幅减少这部分被浪费的广告预算。通过观看人们在线搜寻、点击和说什么，公司可以将‘行为’广告针对那些最可能购买东西的人)。由此可知B项“减少他们的运营成本”正确。

2.词义题。根据题干定位至第三段:InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga“donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed(2010年12月美国联邦贸易委员会向互联网浏览器提供者们提议增加一个‘不要跟踪’的选项，以便互联网使用者可以告诉广告商他们不想被跟踪)由此可推知D项“互联网浏览器开发者”正确。

3.推理判断题。第五段指出:GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso(尽管一些公司己承诺在得到不要跟踪的信号后停止跟踪，但是获取该信号却没有强制任何人去这样做)。因此C项“不会让消费者受益”正确。

4.判断推理题。第六段:AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow(另外还不清楚微软公司为何独自将‘不要跟踪’作为微软网页浏览器10的默认设置。毕竟微软公司也有网上广告业务，尽管微软公司声称自己的网上广告业务将遵守‘不要跟踪’请求，但是它仍然正在想如何进行)。因此A项“‘不要跟踪'可能不能达到它的预期目的”正确。

5.观点态度题。第六段作者说:Coulditreallybethatsimple?这真的有可能那么简单吗？因此D项“怀疑的态度”正确。

3.翻译题

70年代以来，美国华人社会发生了重大的变化。最显著的是许多来自大陆的中国人不断涌入美国，使美国华人的人数猛增。

【答案】Sincethe1970s,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinChineseAmericansociety.Mostnotably,theinfluxofmanyChinesefrommainlandChinaintotheUnitedStateshasledtoasurgeinthenumberofChineseAmericans.

4.单选题

Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become“better”people,andlearntobemoreresponsiblecitizensthanthosewhodon’tgo.

Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending,thosewhodon’tfitthepatternarebecomingmorenumerous,andmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother’sexperimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout—oftenencouragedbycollegeadministrators.

Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves—theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch.Butthatisacondemnationofthestudentsasawhole,anddoesnotexplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright.We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycannotabsorbanarmyofuntrained18-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrained22-year-olds,either.

Someadventuresomeeducatorsandcampuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecompletionofhighschool.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupsidedown,itseems,andthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollegeexperiences.Perhapscollegedoesnotmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,orquicktolearnthings—maybeit’sjusttheotherwayaround,andintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,quick-learningpeopleareonlytheoneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.Andperhapsallthosesuccessfulcollegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeornot.Thisisheresy（异端邪说）tothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtuptobelievethatiflittleschoolingisgood,morehastobemuchbetter.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningtomountup.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorbelievesthat（

）

2.IntheLine2,the2ndparagraph,“thosewhodon’tfitthepattern”refersto（

）

3.Thedrop-outrateofcollegestudentsseemstogoupbecause（

）

4.Accordingtothepassagetheproblemsofcollegeeducationpartlyarisefromthefactthat（

）

5.Inthispassagetheauthorarguesthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.peopleusedtoquestionthevalueofcollegeeducation

B.peopleusedtohavefullconfidenceinhighereducation

C.allhighschoolgraduateswenttocollege

D.veryfewhighschoolgraduateschosetogotocollege

问题2选项

A.high-schoolgraduateswhoaren’tsuitableforcollegeeducation

B.collegegraduateswhoaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis

C.collegestudentswhoaren’tanybetterfortheirhighereducation

D.Highschoolgraduateswhofailedtobeadmittedtocollege

问题3选项

A.youngpeoplearedisappointedwiththeconventionalwayofteachingatcollege

B.manyyoungpeoplearerequiredtojointhearmy

C.youngpeoplehavelittlemotivationinpursuingahighereducation

D.youngpeopledon’tliketheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool

问题4选项

A.societycannotprovideenoughjobsforproperlytrainedcollegegraduates

B.highschoolgraduatesdonotfitthepatternofcollegeeducation

C.toomanystudentshavetoearntheirownliving

D.collegeadministratorsencouragestudentstodropout

问题5选项

A.moreandmoreevidenceshowscollegeeducationmaynotbethebestthingforhighschoolgraduates

B.collegeeducationisnotenoughifonewantstobesuccessful

C.collegeeducationbenefitsonlytheintelligent,ambitious,andquick-learningpeople

D.intelligentpeoplemaylearnquickeriftheydon’tgotocollege

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段提到不止一代人认为接受大学教育是无可争议的，所有高中毕业生都应该去上大学，因为大学会让他们赚更多的钱，成为更好的人。选项B说过去的人们对高等教育充满信心，符合题意。

2.第二段第二句话的前半句Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending“既然有差不多一半的高中生都去上大学”，pattern在这里显然就是指第一段提到的“上大学能让自己变好，赚更多钱”这个模式，don’fitthepattern就是与之相反的，就是上大学并没有使他们变好，所以选项C符合题意。

3.文章第二段othersfindnosimulationintheirstudies,anddropout是学生辍学的原因，因为他们找不到学习的动力，选项C符合题意。

4.文章第三段主要讲高等教育失败的原因，既有个人的原因，也有社会的原因。We’vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycannotabsorbanarmyofuntrained18-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrained22-year-olds,either.这句话主要表达的意思是社会无法给毕业生提供就业岗位，所以选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一段提到一些敢于挑战传统的教育家和校园观察员公开建议说大学也许不是那些完成高中课程的年轻人最合适的唯一的去处，尽管这种想法被认为是异端邪说，但是已经有越来越多的证据来证明其正确性。所以选项A符合题意。

5.案例题

Home-TheNewWorkplace

Oneofthesourcesofthemodernworldisthelengthoftimewetakecommuningtoandfromwork.Inlargecitiesthiscanmeanlosingthreeormorehourseverydayjusttravelingfromhometoworkandbackagain.Surelythereisanalternative!Well,accordingtoasurveyconditionedintheUS,22%ofpeoplewouldmuchpreferworkingfromhome,shouldcircumstancesallow.LizSewellspoketoseveralpeoplewhohavealreadymadethechangetothismodern-dayworkplacetotryandfindoutmore.

ScottMillerisa40year-olddraughtsmanwhohasbeenworkinghomeforthepasttwoyears.Headmitsthatitwasn’tsomethingthathecravedfor;ratherithappenedwhenhiswife,Jules,auniversitylecturer,wasofferedafull-timeposition.“Shedidn’tthinkthatshecouldtakethejob.Iknewthatshereallywantedit,butshedidn’twanttoputoursonintofull-timecars.Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.Mytrackrecordprobablyhelpedbecausetheyacceptedtheproposition.Aslongasmyproductivitywasmaintained,theydidn’tmindwhereIworked.Alsomywifeishappy,andhercareerisblossoming.”

“NowIgointotheofficeeveryMondayafternoonforameetingandpickupmyweek’swork.Interestingly,IfeelthatIworkevenbetterfromhome,somuchsothateventhoughoursonnowatschool,Istillworkthere.”

However,isworkingfromhomeassimpleasitsounds?TransferringworktoadifferentworkplaceisonlypartoftheequationforJoanneMcCarthy,whountilthreemonthsagowasaHumanResourcesManagerforalargepubliccorporation.Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.

“Asmyjobjustinvolvesworkingformyself,bymyself,IfindthatIhavebecomemuchmoreintrovertedbecauseIdon’thavethatface-to-face,professionalinvolvementwithpeopleanymore.Ispendalldayonthecomputercheckingthepricesofmystocks.Byevening,Iamdesperatetotalktomyhusband—evenifitisonlyaboutwhatliehasbeendoingallclay.”

Shehasrealizedthatthiscouldjeopardizeherattemptstoworkfromhome.LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.Forher,thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.“Itwassoeasytogetdistractedbytheotherthingsyouhavetodoathome,likewastingandcleaning,”shetoldus.“Ihadtoforcemyselftoviewmystudyasanoffice,notpartofthehouse.SoIcameupwithanovelidea—myhusbandthoughtIwasmade,butIhadaseparateentrancebuilttotheoffice.Atthebeginningofmyworkday,Igooutofthefrontdoorofourhouse,lockit,andthenwalkaroundtotheoffice.NowIfeelthatIamreallyatwork,andmyproductivityhasincreasedasaresult.Iknowitsoundsstrange,butitworksforme.”TwelvemonthsdownthetrackandLouiseneverwantstofacethemorningtrafficagain.

Peoplechoosetoworkfromhomeforamultitudeofreasons.TaketheexampleofGeorgeMercer,whoownssevencafeswithina7-mileradiusofdowntownMiami.HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone,faxande-mail,“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.Withmoderntelecommunicationsnowadays,Iamalwaysabletocontactmypremisesandorderprovisionsfrommysuppliers.”

“IfIgetfedupwithworkingfromhomeorifthereareproblemsthathavetobedealtwithinperson.Ijustjumpinthecaranddrivetothecafes.Fromtimetotime,wehavemeetingsatmyplace,whichgivethemanagersabreakfromtheirown‘office’.Theygetachangeofscenery.Istillhavecontrolbuttheyhavealargeamountofindependenceintheday-to-dayrunningofthecafes.Ilovemyjobandit’sobviousthatmymanagersrespondwelltothearrangement.Life’sgreatatthemomentwouldn’tchangeathing!”

Obviously,noteveryoneisabletohavethetypeofworkthatcanbedonefromhome,butthereareplentyofpeoplejustlikeme—judgingbyinternetsitesthemoretraditionalemploymentvacancyads—whowouldjumpatthechance.

UsinginformationfromReadingPassage2,matchthepeoplelistedA-Fintheboxbelowwiththeirdescriptions.

NOTE:Therearemoredescriptionsthanpeople.Youmayuseanyofthechoicesmorethanonce.

ListofPeople

AScottMiller

BJoanneMcCarthy

CLouiseTate

DGeorgeMercer

ENoneoftheabove

FAlloftheabove

Descriptions

（）needstobegoodatmath.

（）isnotself-employed.

（）hasbeenworkingfromhomeforthelongestperiod.

（）doesn’tneedtointeractwithclientstocarryouttheirbusiness.

试题缺失

（）thinksthattheyarelesssuccessfulworkingfromhome.

（）helpedsomeoneelsetoretainhis/hercareer.

（）livesonthecoast.

【答案】1.C

2.A和B

3.D

4.C

5.试题缺失

6.B

7.E

8.D

【解析】1.根据文章第六段，“LouiseTateisanaccountantandusedtocommuteanhoureachwaytoherofficebeforedecidingtherehadtobeabetterway.”，可知LouiseTate是一名会计师，过去常常往返于她的办公室和家之间，往返一个小时，然后才决定出更好的方法。可判断出Louise必须要擅长数学。选项C符合题意。

2.根据文章第二段，“Ihadbeenworkingforthesamefirmforsevenyearsanddecidedtoapproachmybosses.”，可知ScottMiller在同一家公司工作了7年。可判断出他工作的公司不是自主经营的，选项A可选。又根据文章第四段，“Shehasnowbecomeafull-timetraderonthestockmarket.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy现在已成为股票市场的全职交易员，可判断出她的工作也不属于自主经营，选项B可选。

3.根据文章第七段，“WhenIstartedthebusinessfouryearsago,Icouldn’tdecidewhichcafetohaveasmymainbase,soIdecidedtosetupmyofficeathome.”，可知当GeorgeMercer四年前开始创业时，无法决定把哪家咖啡馆作为主要基地，所以决定了在家里设立办公室。可判断出他已经在家办公4年了，结合上下文比较，他是在家办公时间最长的。选项D符合题意。

4.根据文章第六段，“thebiggestproblemwithworkingfromhomewasdistractions.”，可知在家工作最大的问题是分心，可判断出这是LouiseTate最大的问题，所以她不需要与客户互动来开展他们的业务。选项C符合题意。

5.试题缺失

6.根据文章第四段，“Shesaysshelovesthefreedomthatworkingfromhomegivesher,butshereallymissedthesocialinteraction.”，可知JoanneMcCarthy喜欢在家工作给她带来的自由，但她真的很怀念社交活动。可判断出她认为在家工作不太成功。选项B符合题意。

7.纵观全文，对于文中提到的所有工作者，都没有提及他们是否帮助别人保持了工作，选项E符合题意。

8.根据文章倒数第三段，“HehasbasedhisofficeinhisFortLauderdalebeachfronthome,andkeepsincontactwithhisvariousmanagersbyphone…”，可知GeorgeMercer的办公室设在劳德代尔堡(FortLauderdale)海滨别墅（他的家），并通过电话与多位经理保持联系。可判断出GeorgeMercer的家在海边。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Thespontaneousmovementofwateracrossamembrane,（

）gradientofwaterconcentrationiscalledosmosis.

问题1选项

A.drivesa

B.drivenbya

C.hasdriven

D.drove

【答案】B

【解析】语法（分词短语做后置定语）题。首先固定搭配‘agradientof’，所以排除C和D选项，其次，Thespontaneousmovement与空格后的gradientofwaterconcentration是被动关系，所以B选项的过去分词短语做主语的后置定语正确。整句话的句意是‘在水的浓度梯度驱使下，水分子通过半透膜的自主运动叫做渗透作用’。

7.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

确定目的后，原告必须考虑在什么法院起诉最能实现其目的。他必须在联邦法院起诉?在州法院?或两者可选其一?若在州法院，在哪一州?若在联邦法院，该在全国86个辖区中的哪个区？在此存在许多考量，有些过于技术的我们便不在本文中论及。然而，并非所有案件的原告都会面临选择难题。如上所述，有些案件只能在联邦法院提起，且事实上只能在一所特定的联邦法院.。

【答案】Aftermakinghisdecision,theplaintiffmustconsiderhowtoselectadequatecourttosue,e.g.thefederalcourt,stateoneorthosearethetwoalternatives.Ifgoingtothestatecourt,heneedthinkaboutchoosingwhich;orthefederalcourt,hehastochooseadistrictfromnational’s86jurisdictions.Becausetherearemanyfactorstobeestimated,itisnotconvenientforustodiscusssomeknowhowsherein.Butnotallplaintiffsshouldbefacedwiththedilemma.Asstated,atypeofcasemaybeheardonlyinthefederalcourt,andinfactonlyinaspecialone.

8.单选题

Insomecountrieswhereracialprejudiceisacute,violencehascometobetakenforgrantedasameansofsolvingdifferences,thatitisnotevenquestioned.Therearecountrieswherethewhitemanimposeshisrulebybruteforce;therearecountrieswheretheblackmanprotestsbysettingfiretocitiesandbylootingandpillaging.Importantpeopleonbothsides,whowouldinorderrespects,appeartobereasonablemen,getupandcalmlyargueinfavorofviolence-asifitwerealegitimatesolution,likeanyother.Whatisreallyfrightening,whatreallyfillsyouwithdespair,istherealizationthatwhenitcomestothecrunch,wehavemadenoactualprogressatall.Wemaywearcollarsandtiesinsteadofwar-paint,butourinstinctsremainbasicallyunchanged.Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing.Wehavestillnotlearnedthatviolenceneversolvesaproblembutmakesitmoreacute.Thesheerhorror,thebloodshed,thesufferingmeannothing.Notsolutionevercomestolightthemorningafterwhenwedismallycontemplatethesmokingruinsandwoundwhathitus.

Thetrulyreasonablemenwhoknowwherethesolutionsliearefindingitharderandhardertogetahearing.Theyaredespised,mistrustedandevenpersecutedbytheirownkindbecausetheyadvocatesuchapparentlyoutrageousthingsaslawenforcement.Ifhalftheenergythatgoesintoviolentactswereputtogooduse,ifoureffortsweredirectedatcleaninguptheslumsandghettos,atimprovingliving-standardsandprovidingeducationandemploymentforall,wewouldhavegonealongwaytoarrivingatasolution.Ourstrengthissappedbyhavingtomopupthemessthatviolenceleavesinitswake.Inawell-directedeffort,itwouldnotbeimpossibletofulfilltheidealsofastablesocialprogramme.Thebenefitsthatcanbederivedfromconstructivesolutionsareeverywhereapparentintheworldaroundus.Genuineandlastingsolutionsarealwayspossible,providingweworkwithintheframeworkofthelaw.

Beforewecanevenbegintocontemplatepeacefulco-existencebetweentheraces,wemustappreciateeachother’sproblems.Andtodothis,wemustlearnaboutthem:itisasimpleexerciseincommunication,inexchanginginformation.“Talk,talk,talk，”theadvocateofviolencesay,“allyoueverdoistalk,andwearenonethewiser.”It’sratherlikethestoryofthefamousbarristerwhopainstakinglyexplainedhiscasetothejudge.Afterlisteningtoalengthyargumentthejudgecomplainedthatafterallthistalk,hewasnonethewiser.“Possible,mylord,”thebarristerreplied,“nonethewiser,butsurelyfarbetterinformed.”Knowledgeisthenecessaryprerequisitetowisdom:theknowledgethatviolencecreatestheevilsitpretendstosolve.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

2.Recordedhistoryhastaughtus（

）.

3.Itcanbeinferredthattrulyreasonablemen（

）.

4.“Hewasnonethewiser”means（

）.

5.Accordingtheauthorthebestwaytosolveraceprejudiceis（

）.

问题1选项

A.AdvocatingViolence.

B.ViolenceCanDoNothingtoDiminishRacePrejudice.

C.ImportantPeopleonBothSidesSeeViolenceAsaLegitimateSolution.

D.TheInstinctsofHumanRaceAreThirstyforViolence.

问题2选项

A.violenceneversolvesanything.

B.nothing.

C.thebloodshedmeansnothing.

D.everything.

问题3选项

A.can’tgetahearing.

B.arelookeddownupon.

C.Havedifficultyinadvocatinglawenforcement.

D.arepersecuted.

问题4选项

A.hewasnotatallwiseinlistening.

B.hewasnotatallwiserthannothingbefore.

C.hegainsnothingafterlistening.

D.hemakesnosenseoftheargument.

问题5选项

A.Lawenforcement

B.Knowledge

C.Moppinguptheviolentmess

D.nonviolence

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。B项(暴力难以消除种族偏见)适合做文章标题。

2.细节题。第一段指出:Thewholeoftherecordedhistoryofthehumanrace,thattediousdocumentationofviolence,hastaughtusabsolutelynothing(人类的整个历史记录，那冗长乏味的暴力记录，完全没有教给我们任何东西)，故选B。

3.推断题。第二段指出:真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同类们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。D项是对A,B,C三项的总结。

4.语义题。Nonethewiser字面意思是“—点也不比以前聪明”。

5.细节题。第二段指出:如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。因此推断作者认为,法制是消灭种族歧视的办法。

9.单选题

Althoughcatscannotseeincompletedarkness,theireyesaremuchmore（

）tolightthanhumaneyes

问题1选项

A.glowing

B.brilliant

C.sensitive

D.gloomy

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。glowing意为“灼热的，灼炽的”；brilliant意为“明亮的”；sensitive意为“敏感的”；gloomy意为“黑暗的，阴暗的”。

句意：尽管猫在完全黑暗中看不见，但它们的眼睛比人类的眼睛对光要敏感得多。

10.单选题

Shespentahappyafternoon______hercoinsandstamps.

问题1选项

A.makingout

B.sortingout

C.figuringout

D.turningout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项makingout“理解；证明；填写完”；B选项sortingout“整理；挑选”；C选项figuringout“解决；算出”；D选项turningout“原来是”。句意：她______她的硬币和邮票，度过了一个快乐的下午。根据语境，sortingout“整理；挑选”搭配coinsandstamps“硬币和邮票”比较合适。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Inwhatnowseemsliketheprehistorictimesofcomputerhistory,theearth'spostwarera,therewasquiteawide-spreadconcernthatcomputerswouldtakeovertheworldfrommanoneday.Alreadytoday,lessthanfortyyearslater,ascomputersarerelievingusofmoreandmoreoftheroutinetasksinbusinessandinourpersonallives,wearefacedwithalessdramaticbutalsolessforeseenproblem.Peopletendtobeover-trustingofcomputersandarereluctanttochallengetheirauthority.Indeed,theybehaveasiftheywerehardlyawarethatwrongbuttonsmaybepushed,orthatacomputermaysimplymalfunction.

Obviously,therewouldbenopointininvestinginacomputerifyouhadtocheckallitsanswers,butpeopleshouldalsorelyontheirowninternalcomputersandcheckthemachinewhentheyhavethefeelingthatsomethinghasgonewrong.

Questioningandroutinedouble-checksmustcontinuetobeasmuchapartofgoodbusinessastheywereinpre-computerdays.Maybeeachcomputershouldcomewiththewarning:forallthehelpthiscomputermayprovide,itshouldnotbeseenasasubstituteforfundamentalthinkingandreasoningskills.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,theinitialconcernaboutcomputerswasthattheymight（）.

3.Thepassagerecommendsthosedealingwithcomputersto（）.

4.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepresent-dayproblemwithregardtocomputersis（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwoulddisapproveof（）.

问题1选项

A.Tolookbacktotheearlydaysofcomputers.

B.Toexplainwhattechnicalproblemsmayoccurwithcomputers.

C.Todiscourageunnecessaryinvestmentincomputers.

D.Towarnagainstamentallylazyattitudetowardscomputers.

问题2选项

A.changeourpersonallives

B.takecontroloftheworld

C.createunforeseenproblems

D.affectourbusinesses

问题3选项

A.bereasonablydoubtfulaboutthem

B.checkalltheiranswers

C.substitutethemforbasicthinking

D.usethemforbusinesspurposesonly

问题4选项

A.Challenging

B.psychological

C.dramatic

D.fundamental

问题5选项

A.investmentincomputers

B.theuseofone'sinternalcomputer

C.double-checkoncomputers

D.completedependenceoncomputersfordecision-making

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。第一段谈及我们对电脑的依赖；第二段谈及当计算机遇到错误的时候，应该靠自己内部的“计算机”来检查机器。第三段提出应该坚持提出疑问，进行复核，并且警告电脑不能成为思考和推理的替代物。因此，D项“警告人们对电脑的心理懒惰态度”符合本文目的。

2.细节事实题。第一句话指出:Inwhatnowseemsliketheprehistorictimesofcomputerhistory,theearth’spostwarera,therewasquiteawide-spreadconcernthatcomputerswouldtakeovertheworldfrommanoneday(现在看来似乎是计算机历史的史前吋期，即战后的年代里，人们普遍担忧有朝一日计算机会从人类手中夺过对世界的控制权)。因此B项“控制世界”正确。

3.细节事实题。第二段指出::...butpeopleshouldalsorelyontheirowninternalcomputersandcheckthemachinewhentheyhavethefeelingthatsomethinghasgonewrong(但是当人们觉得计算机确实出了一些问题的时候，应该靠自己内部的“计算机”来检查机器),第三段指出:Questioningandroutinedouble-checksmustcontinuetobeasmuchapartofgoodbusinessastheywereinpre-computerdays(提出疑问，进行复核，这种好的作风必须像过去一样继续坚持下去)。因此作者认为，对待电脑，应该依赖也不能盲目质疑。故选A项"合理地怀疑电脑"。

4.细节事实题。第一段第三句指出:Peopletendtobeover-trustingofcomputersandarereluctanttochallengetheirauthority.Indeed,theybehaveasiftheywerehardlyawarethatwrongbuttonsmaybepushed,orthatacomputermaysimplymalfunction(人们往往过分信赖计算机，也不愿意挑战它的权威性。他们似乎并不知道也可能会按错键，或者计算机也可能有运行错误),第二段第一句指出:...butpeopleshouldalsorelyontheirowninternalcomputersandcheckthemachinewhentheyhavethefeelingthatsomethinghasgonewrong(但是当人们觉得计算机确实出了一些问题的时候，应该靠自己内部的“计算机”来检查机器)。因此，此处暗示，当前的问题是人们对计算机心理上过分依赖。故B项“心理的”正确。

5.判断推理题。最后一段指出:Questioningandroutinedouble-checksmustcontinuetobeasmuchapartofgoodbusinessastheywereinpre-computerdays(提出疑问，进行复核，这种好的作风必须像过去一样继续坚持下去)，以及:Maybeeachcomputershouldcomewiththewarning:forallthehelpthiscomputermayprovide,itshouldnotbeseenasasubstituteforfundamentalthinkingandreasoningskills(也许，每台电脑都应该有个警告:尽管计算机可以提供那么多的帮助，它却不应该被看作是基本的思维和推理技巧的替代物)。因此，四个选项中，作者可能不会赞成D项“完全依赖于电脑”。

12.单选题

（）itornot,Manchesterwasthehomeofthemostproductivecottonmillsintheworld.

问题1选项

A.Believe

B.Believing

C.Tobelieve

D.Believed

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词用法。believeitornot其实是口语里常用的句子，是个省略的句子，完整表达为(Whetheryou)believeitornot。A选项正确。

13.翻译题

Today,thereiswidespreadagreementthatcloningforreproduct