现代大学英语四级写作文件

45/45大学英语四级写作资料一、大学英语四级考试大纲（2006修订版）对写作的要求写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。考生依照规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇许多于120词的短文。写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严峻语法错误。考试时刻30分钟。写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作，思想表达准确、意义连贯、无重大语法错误。写作部分考核的技能是：A.思想表达1.表达中心思想2.表达重要或特定信息3.表达观点、态度等B.篇章组织4.围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点5.连贯地组句成段，组段成篇C.语言运用6.运用恰当的词汇7.运用正确的语法8.运用合适的句子结构9.使用正确的标点符号10.运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、缘故、结果、程度、目的等）D.写作格式11.运用正确的符合英语表达适应的写作格式大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文，内容差不多完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握差不多的写作技能。”二、四级考试写作评分标准（1）本题满分为15分。（2）阅卷标准共分四等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1-2份。（3）阅卷人依照阅卷标准，对比样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则能够加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分）。但不得加或减半分。（4）评分标准2分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破裂或绝大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严峻错误。5分：差不多切题。思想表达不清晰，连贯性差。有较多的严峻语法错误。8分：差不多切题。思想表达清晰，文章尚连贯，但语法错误较多，其中有一些是严峻错误。11分：切题。思想表达清晰，文字连贯，但有少量语法错误。14分：切题。思想表达清晰，文字通顺，连贯性较好，差不多上无语法错误。仅有个不小错误。注：白卷、所写内容与题目毫不相关或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。（5）字数不足应酌情扣分。题目中给出主题句、起始句和结束句，均不得记入所写字数。只写一段者：0-4分；只写两段者，0-9分（指规定三段的作文）（6）各档作文相当于百分制的得分，列表如下，称为得分率。其中9分的得分率为60分（相当于百分制的60分）。 作文分123456789101112131415得分率714202734404754606774808794100三、四级考试作文最低分规定教育部高等教育司及全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会，于1996年11月作出了“大学英语作文将要从1997年6月开始实行英语作文最低分”的若干规定。具体记分方法如下：1.依照目前考生的作文均值，将作文分的最低分定为6分。2.作文分为0分，总分若高于60分，报分时一律作为59分不及格处理；若低于60分，报分时一律再减6分；3.作文分大于0分，小于6分，则按下式计算成绩：例（1）原计算总分为63分，实得作文分为2分，最后报分：63-6+2=59分例（2）原计算总分为80分，实得作文分为4分，最后报分：63-6+4=78分例（3）原计算总分为55分，实得作文分为3分，最后报分：55-6+3=52分四、本期训练重点题型（期末考试题型）体裁：论讲文模式：1、现象分析型现象分析型作文要紧是以当前社会上存在的热门现象为话题，如98年1月的“MyViewonFakeCommodities”，03年1月的“ItPaystoBeHonest”，05年6月的“SayNotoPiratedProducts”等等。由此可见，标题的核心大差不多上当今社会存在的某种问题，如“假冒伪劣产品”、“盗版”等。面对此种作文，在描述现象之后，则可能具体分析该现象产生的根源（缘故）、阻碍（正面阻碍和/或负面阻碍）、解决方案或进展方向等。那么，具体从哪一方面入手，如何组织文章的内容，详略如何布局等问题，则需要依照具体的提纲而定。例如：2002年6月四级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicStudentUseofComputers.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositiononthechartandtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时刻:1990年（2hours）、1995年(4hours)、2002年(14hours)，请描述其变化；2.请讲明发生这些变化的缘故（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会进展等方面加以讲明）；3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。[参考范文]StudentUseofComputersStudentstendtousecomputersmoreandmorenowadays.Readingthischart,wecanfindthattheaveragenumberofhoursastudentspendsonthecomputerperweekhasincreasedsharply.In1990,itwaslessthan2hours;andin1995,itincreasedtoalmost4hours;whilein2000,thenumbersoaredto20hours.Obviouslycomputersarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.First,computersfacilitateusinmoreaspectsoflife.Also,thefastdevelopmentoftheInternetenlargesourdemandsforusingcomputers.WecaneasilycontactwithfriendsinremoteplacesthroughtheInternet.Besides,thepricesofcomputersaregettinglowerandlower,whichenablesmorestudentstopurchasethem.Alongwiththetimespentoncomputers,therearisesomeproblems.ThemostseriousoneisthatmanystudentsarespendingsomuchtimeplayingPCgamessothattheyignoretheirstudies.Itisurgenttoletthestudentsusecomputersinaproperway.2003年1月四级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicItPaystoBeHonest.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:当前社会上存在许多不老实的现象老实利人利已，做人应该老实[参考范文]ItPaystoBeHonestHonestyisacherishedChinesetraditionalvirtue.Butnowadaystherearemanydishonestcasesinsociety.Somebusinessmencheattheircustomersforhigherprofits.Someemployeescheattheirbossesforhigherpositions.Somepeoplecheattheirfriendsformoremoney.Evensomegovernmentofficialscheattheirpeopleformoreinterests.Thesephenomenaangereverypersonofintegrity.Then,whydotheycomeintobeing?Thismaybebecausethesepeoplebelievethatnobodywillfindouttheirdishonesty.However,eventuallytheircustomerswillcometopurchasetheirproductsnomore,theirbosseswilldismissthem,theirfriendsnolongerhelpthemincaseoftheircrisis,andtheirpeoplewillremovethemfromoffice.Theypaythepricefortheirownbehavior.Therefore,everyoneshouldbehonest,whichbenefitsnotonlyhimselfbutalsoothers.2004年1月六级作文1．有些大学校园白费现象日益严峻2．白费的危害3．杜绝白费，从我做起ReduceWasteonCampusNowadays,thereisanincreasinglyseriousphenomenononcampus-waste.Rowsoflightsglareinstudentlessclassrooms,residueofriceanddishesjaminthewastebuckets,tapsofwaterweepwithnobodydoingwashingaround...Suchsightsaresocommonyetsoseriousthatitishightimethattheywereeliminated,becausenowwearelivinginaworldshortoffreshwateranditisnotexaggeratingtosaythateverydropofwaterisprecious.Andalthoughmanyofusdon'thavetoworryaboutlackoffoodanymore,therearestillmillionswhoarestarvingsomewhereintheworld.Ifwedonotcherishthingswehavetoday,soonerorlaterwewillbeshortofthem,sincemanyresourcescannotberecycled.Toreducewasteoncampus,everyoneshoulddisciplinehimself:Turnoffthelightwhenyouarethelasttoleavetheclassroom.Usemetalorplasticchopsticksinsteadofdisposableones--andeatup!Keepateacupinyourschoolbagratherthanthroweachbottleawayafteritbecomesempty!2005年6月六级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledSayNotoPiratedProducts.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.目前盗版的现象比较严峻2.造成这种现象的缘故及其危害3.我们应该如何做SayNotoPiratedProductsAtpresent,piracyisbecomingunprecedentedlyvisibleinChina.Anyproducts,liketapes,CDsandhi-techdevices,canbecopied,nottomentionbooks.Shortlyafteranewly-publishedbookhitstheshelves,peoplewillunsurprisinglyfinditspiratedcounterpartsinthestores.Ithasbeenwidelybelievedthatpiracyhascausedagreatlosstolegitimateproducers,inventorsandauthorsinmanyways.Tostartwith,piratedproductsoftencostmuchlessthantheoriginalones,sotheyenjoyunbeatableadvantageinpriceinspiteoftheirrelativelypoorquality.Theoriginalones,onthecontrary,sellbadly.Asfaraspiratedbooksareconcerned,theydogreat'harmtotheauthors'reputationduetotheirmisprints.Inthelongrun,piratedproductsmayalsohaveanegativeimpactoncustomerssincethoselegitimateproducers'enthusiasmmaybegreatlyhurtbythefactthatsomecustomersaremoreinclinedtopurchasepiratedproducts.Inmyopinion,it'shightimethatthegovernmentcalledoneveryonetostartthebattleagainstpiracy.Besides,ascustomers,weshoulddevelopourconsciousnesstoresistpiratedproducts.Andlawsshouldbestrictlycarriedouttobanpiracyfromspreadinganyfurther.Onlyinthiswaycanweputanendtopiracyandcreateahealthyenvironmentforbothcustomersandproducers.2006年6月六级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTravelingAbroad.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbasedonthechartandoutlinegivenbelow:NumberofpeopleinCityXtravelingabroadin1995,2000and20051．近十年来X市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游2．出现这种现象的缘故3．这种现象可能产生的阻碍TravellingAbroadThediagramshowsthenumbersofpeopleinCityXtravelingabroadin1995,2000and2005.Asindicatedinthetable,in1995,about10,000peopleinthecitywentsightseeingabroad.Fiveyearslater,intheyearof2000,thenumberincreasedgreatlyto40,000.Anotherfiveyearslater,in2005,thenumberdramaticallytripled,reachingasurprisingpeakofmorethan120,000.Wecanseeclearlymoreandmorepeopletravelingabroadinthelasttenyears.OnereasonforthisdrasticincreasecanbeattributedtotheboomingofChineseeconomyintheseyears,whichhassignificantlyraisedtheincomeofthepeople.Withmoresavingsintheirbankaccounts,peoplenolongerregardtravelingabroadasaluxurywhichtheycouldhardlyaffordbefore.ThismayalsobeduetotherapiddevelopmentinthesocialcultureinChina,whichhavegreatlybroadedthehorizonsoftheChinesepeopleandhavemadethemmoreinterestedintheoutsideworld.Indeed,fewpeoplenowcanresistthetemptationofthesunlightinThailand,themysteriesinEgyptandthebeachesinAustralia.Thisrapiddevelopmentintravelingabroadisveryrewarding.MoreChinesetouriststravelingabroadwillsurelypromoteChina'seconomicandculturalexchangewithothercountries.Andalso,withincreasedcontacts,therewillbebettermutualunderstandingbetweenpeopleofthesecountries.ButthegreatestbenefittravelbringsaboutisthatithasgreatlyimprovedthequalityofculturallifeoftheChinesepeople.2008年1月六级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheDigitalAge.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.现在数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如……2.数字化产品的使用对人们工作、学习和辞海产生的阻碍TheDigitalAge分析：由上可见，此种模式的作文的第一段一般差不多上某一社会现象的描述。在描述时不妨使用主题句加例子的模式，且略写较佳。第二（三）段详写，一般差不多上分析现象背后的缘故（causes）或者该现象产生的阻碍（effects）。有时，这一现象可能是一坏现象——问题时，则可能要求分析解决这一问题的手段或方式（如2005年6月六级作文）。这时，现象分析型作文与下边的问题解决型作文则融合在一起（作文的例子参见历年真题范文）。2、问题解决型问题解决型作文的特点是：作文题目中一般就直截了当地给出了文章应该讲明的要紧内容——问题解决的方法，如“HowtoSolvetheHousingProblemsinBigCities”，“HowIFinanceMyEducation”，“HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview”等等。此类作文在谋篇布局时，一般按照一个提纲一个段落来布局；然而到底哪个（些）段落详写，哪个（些）段落略写，则视具体情况而定。以2000年1月四级作文为例，作文给了两个提纲，这时，不妨两个提纲都详写。提纲1能够采纳“主题句+how1（方式一）+how2+how3”的方式，提纲2则能够采取“主题句（问题的解决方案）+why1（缘故一）+why2+why3”的方式。而关于2001年1月四级作文，同样能够两段布局且都详写。其中，第一段采纳“主题句（作用）+waht1（什么作用）+waht2+what3”How1why主题句How2whyHow3why例如：2000年1月四级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowIFinancemyCollegeEducation.9Youshouldwriteatleast100words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:上大学的费用（tuitionandfees）能够通过多种途径解决哪种途径适合我（讲明理由）[参考范文]HowIFinanceMyCollegeEducationCollegeeducationplaysaveryimportantroleinpeople'slife.Withmoreandmorepeopleenteringtheuniversity,howtofinancethecollegeeducationhasbeenanissueindebate.Infact,theproblemcanbedealtwithinmanyways.Theeasiestwayistogetallthemoneyfromparents.Ifthatisimpossible,studentscanapplyforaloanfromthebank.Or,makingmoneybydoingafull-timejobinsummerandwinterholidaysisanothersolution.Maybe,themostpossiblewayistoaskparentsforthegreaterpartoftuitionsandfeeswiththerestpaidbystudentsthemselvesbydoingapart-timejob.Frommypointofview,Iwillchoosethelastwaytopaymytuitionsandfees.Ifmyparentsprovidemostoftuitionsandfeesformycollegeeducation,Icanbeabsorbedinmystudyanddon'tworrytoomuchaboutmylife.Meanwhile,apart-timejobinmysparetimecansupplymewithsomeworkingexperience,andmakemeknowmoreaboutthesociety.Therefore,thiswayisthebestoneforme.2001年1月四级作文Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowtoSucceedinaJobInterview?Youshouldwriteatleast100words,andbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:1面试在求职过程中的作用2取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……[参考范文]HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview?Nowadays,studentsmustseekjobsbythemselves.Jobinterviewistheonlywaytohaveaccesstothedoomoftheemployers.Sosucceedinginajobinterviewisveryimportant.Buthowcanonesucceedinajobinterview?Firstly,youshouldbeverywellprepared.Bringalongasmuchinformationaboutyourselfaspossible:yourdiplomacertification,yourcreditrecords,certificationaboutyourawards,yourpublications,andthemostimportantofall,anexcellently-designedresume,inbothChineseandEnglish.Secondly,youmustpaymuchattentiontoyourappearance.Inordertoproveyourselfawell-educatedperson,youmustfirstofallbedressedproperly.Whiletalkingwiththeinterviewer,youshouldlookattheoneyouaretalkingtowithunderstandingeyes.Whilestanding,youshouldstandfirm,nevermakingbiggestures.Whilesitting,youshouldneversitcross-legged.Alwaysremembertolistenattentivelytothepersontalking.Aslightnodofyourheadisalwaystimelytoshowyourwillingnesstocommunicate.Thirdly,youmustbeconfidentaboutyourself.Neverbenervous.Letyoursmilingfaceshowfriendlinessfirst.Whiletalkingaboutyourstrongpoints,behonest,neverbeastoreventellalie.Areyousureyouarewellprepared?Youcangonow,andyouwillsucceed,withoutdoubt.五、现象分析型作文的可套用句式开头：1Nowadays,weoftenhearthat(提出现象).2Thisphenomenonisnotaccidental,andthereissocialandindividualbackground.正文：3Anumberoffactors,bothphysicalandpsychologicalaffect/bothindividualandsocialcontributeto.4Foronething,(缘故1).5Foranother,(缘故2).6Forinstance,(举例讲明).7Fromthat,8we.结尾：9AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreethat.10Ithinkthat(作者本人的观点).11.结尾或为：9Weshouldtakemeasuresto.10First,(措施1).Second,(措施2).11Finally,(措施3).六、问题解决型作文的可套用句式开头：1Today,with,aserioussocialproblemhasarisen—.(目前的现象及存在的问题).2Manywayscancontributeto(要解决的问题),butthefollowingonesmaybeeffective.正文：3Howcanwesolvethisproblem?Ithinktherearethreeapproaches.Firstofall,(方法1).4Atfirstthought,theproblemseemsfartooinvolved(复杂的),butitcancertainlybesolvedwhenseriouslydealtwith.Besides,(方法2).5Finally,(方法3).结尾：6Inconclusion/Tosumup,thewaysIhavementionedaboveshouldneverbeseparatedfromeachother.7(希望).（备注：1、2、3表示文章句子的序号）提示：在审题时，首先必须考虑本文写几个段落比较恰当，哪个（些）段落应该详写，哪个（些）段落应该略写（一般情况下，依照文章的标题和具体的提纲来确定文章的详略。）；其次，考虑每个段落具体应该写些什么内容（what,why依旧how;有时可能是其中两个的综合，比如，凡是“我的看法”之类，我们必须先给出明确的答案——我的看法是什么，然后简介理由——我什么缘故这么认为；因此，“我的看法”确实是“what+why”的融合）；再次，注意段落之间和段落内部的衔接（灵活运用各种连接词）；最后，注意做到语言顺畅，书写美观。审视作文优劣的标准为：结构（段落布局正确否，详略得当否，段落之间和段落内部衔接自然否）2、内容（内容是否简洁精当、紧扣提纲）3、语言（语句顺畅否）4、书写（书写美观否）讲明缘故型模块(一)Currently,XXhasbeentheorderoftheday.Thisdoesdemonstratethetheory--nothingismorevaluablethanXX.Itisclearthat(1).Ifyou(2),asaresult,yourdreamswillcometrue.Onthecontrary,ifyou(3).Failurewillbefollowingwithyou.Itturnsoutthatallyourplanfallsthrough.Noonecandenyanotherfactthat(4).Youdon'thavetolookveryfartofindoutthetruth,inrespectthatweallknow(5).Itwillexertaprofoundinfluenceupon(6).Withreferencetomystandpoint,Ithink(7).注释:1:XX的第一个优点2:支持XX的做法3:不支持XX的做法4:XX的第二个优点5:举例证明优点二6:讲明XX优点三的阻碍TheImportanceofSelf-confidenceCurrently,self-confidencehasbeentheorderoftheday.Thisdoesdemonstratethetheorynothingismorevaluablethanself-confidence.Itisclearthat(self-confidencemeanstrustinone'sabilities).Ifyou(arefullofself-confidence,itwillbringyourcreativepowertoplay,arouseyourenthusiasmforwork,andhelpyouovercomedifficulties),asaresult,yourdreamswillcometrue.Onthecontrary,ifyou(havenoconfidenceinyourself,thereislittlepossibilitythatyouwouldeverachieveanything).Failurewillbefollowingwithyou.Itturnsoutthatallyourplanfallsthrough.Noonecandenyanotherfactthat(self-confidencegivesyoulightwhenyouareindarkandencouragementwhenyouaredismayed).Youdon'thavetolookveryfartofindoutthetruth,inrespectthatweallknow(thesecretofMadameCurieliesinperseveranceandself-confidence,thelatterinparticular).Itwillexertaprofoundinfluenceupon(theachievementofone'sambitions).Withreferencetomystandpoint,Ithink(hethatcanhaveself-confidencecanhavewhathewill).讲明缘故型模块(二)Inrecentyears,XXhascausedaheateddebateon(1).Thefactorsfor(2).Firstofall,(3).Then,therecomesacasethat(4).Moreover,(5).Especiallywhen(6).Indeed,theseuniquepointscanbecollectedtheremindpeoplethat(7).Inthisway,weshouldbehavejustlike(8).TheImpactofTelevisionInrecentyears,withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,80percentofallhomesinChinahavesatelliteTV,offeringasmanyas50channels.Ithascausedaheateddebateon(theimpactoftelevisiononchildren).Manyparentsareworriedabouttheimpactofsomuchtelevisiononchildren.Thefactorfor(parents'worryisthatchildrenareindulgedintelevisionandspendtoomuchtimeonit.).Firstofall,(withsomanyprogramstochoosefrom,childrenarenotgettingasmuchexerciseastheyshould).Then,therecomesacasethat(somestudieshaveshownthatexcessivewatchingoftelevisionbymillionsofchildrenhasloweredtheirabilitytoachieveinschool).Moreover,(theeffectonchildren'smindsismoreseriousthantheeffectonchildren'sbodies).Especiallywhen(thechildrenaretoosmalltojudgewhatprogramsaresuittothem).Indeed,theseuniquepointscanbeconnectedtoremindparentsthat(theyshouldpaycloseattentiontoandresponsibilitiesforsupervisingtheirchildren'sTVviewing).Inthisway,childrenwillnotbeinfluencedtoodeeply.讲明缘故型模块(三)Formostofustoday,(1)Fromabove,wecanfindthatthereasonswhy(2)areasfollows.Theprimaryreason,Ithink,is(3).Second,(4).Thethirdreason,actually,is(5).Thesignificancefor(6).Therefore,(7).注释:(1)人们针对XX的态度和举措(2)归纳现状(3)第一个缘故(4)第二个缘故(5)第三个缘故(6)重申造成现状的最重要缘故PollutionMostofustoday(recognizethatenvironmentalpollutionhasbeenagreatlyseriousproblem.Lotsofplants,trees,andcorpsaredestroyedbybadair.Manyfishesdieofpoisonouswater.Thousandsofpeoplediefromeatingpoisonedfishorbreathingingas.Therefore,environmentalpollutionshouldberesponsibleforthesediseasesthataredisabling,orbringingdeathnotonlytohumanbeings,butalsotowildlife.)Fromabove,wecanfindthatthereasonswhy(environmentarepollutedmoreandmoreseriously)areasfollows.Theprimaryreason,Ithink,is(thereasonofharmfulsubstancesintoenvironment.Forexample,topreventinsects,farmersmakeuseofgreatamountsofinsecticides,soastohavebumperharvests.However,theypolluteair,waterandland).Second,(thegascomingfromthecarenginesandfactoriesalsomakesenvironmentpollutedbadly).Thethirdreasonactuallyis(theresultofagrowingpopulationintheworld.Everyday,somuchlitterandwastearepouredoutfromhouses,alsopollutetheenvironment).Thesignificancefor(controllingpollution)notedthatit'shightimethatmoreeffectivemeasuresshouldbetaken.Therefore,(newlawsshouldbepassedtolimittheamountofpollutantsfromfactories.Moreover,inthehouseholds,thereisanobviousneedtoreducelitterandwaste.Let'smakeourgoodefforts,andtheworldwillbeasaferplacetoliveforus).讲明缘故型模块(四)Thesedaysweoftenhearthat(1).Itiscommonthat(2).Whydoessuchcircumstanceoccurinspiteofsocialprotects?Foronething,(3).Foranother,(4).Whatismore,since(5),itisnaturalthat(6).Tosolvetheproblemisnoteasyatall,butisworthtrying.Weshoulddosomethingsuchas(7)toimprovehepresentsituation,andIdobelieveeverythingwillbebetterinthefuture.(1)提出论题(2)讲明现状(3)理由一(4)理由二(5)理由三(6)理由三引起的后果(7)解决方法PollutionofEnvironmentThesedaysweoftenhearthat(ourlivingconditionsaregettingmoreandmoreseriousbecauseofthedestructionofourenvironment).Itiscommonthat(manytreesandanimalsarenearextinction,andtheall-importantfoodchainhasbeendestroyed.).Whydoessuchcircumstanceoccurinspiteofsocialprotects?Foronething,(thepopulationoftheworldisincreasingsorapidlythattheworldhasbeensocrowded.).Foranother,(theoveruseofnaturalresourceshasinfluencedthebalanceofnaturalecology).Whatismore,since(theindustrialrevolution),itisnaturalthat(agreatnumberoffactorieshavebeenspringinguplikemushrooms.Thesmokeandharmfulchemicalsreleasedfromfactoriesalsopollutetheenvironment).Tosolvetheproblemisnoteasyatall,butisworthwhile.Weshoulddosomethingsuchas(plantingmoretrees,equippingcarswithpollution-controldevicesandlearningtorecyclingnaturalresources)toimprovethepresentsituation,andIdobelieveeverythingwillbebetterinthefuture.二、图表式作文Itisobviousinthegraphic/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).AtthepointofX1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof…(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare…(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,…(第一个缘故).Moreimportantly,…(第二个缘故).Mostimportantofall,…(第三个缘故).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasonstopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraphic/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).三、提纲式作文1)对立观点式A.有人认为X是好事，赞成X，什么缘故？B.有人认为X是坏事，反对X，什么缘故？C.我的看法.SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个缘故.Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个缘故.However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第一个理由.Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegativeeffects,itmightbringabout,Xalsomay…X的有一个坏处.2)批驳观点式A．一个错误观点。B．我不同意。Manypeoplearguethat错误观点。Bysayingthat,theymean对那个观点的进一步解释。Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一个例子。(AccordingtoasurveyperformedbyXonagroupofY,almost80%ofthem赞成那个错误观点或者受到那个错误观点的阻碍)。Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeople’sbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat与错误观点相反的观点。Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。3)社会问题(现象)式A．一个社会问题或者现象B．产生的缘故C．对社会和我们生活的阻碍D．如何杜绝(假如是问题的话)E.前景的预测.Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,调查内容讲明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。Thereareacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulatedinthefollowingaspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.同上Basedontheabovediscussions,Icaneasilyforecastthatmoreandmorepeoplewill……..四、辩论式议论文模版（一）Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that观点1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或:Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.模版（二）PeopleholddifferentviewsaboutX.Somepeopleareoftheopinionthat观点1,whileotherspointoutthat观点2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latteropinionholdsmoreweight.Foronething,论据1.Foranother,论据2.Lastbutnottheleast,论据3.Toconclude,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.模版（三）ThereisnoconsensusofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX(争论的焦点).Somepeopleareoftheviewthat观点1，whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat观点2。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotionispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,论据1。Furthermore,论据2。Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,论据3。Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.对比选择型作文eq\o\ac(○,1)Whenitcomesto…,differentpeopleholddifferentviews.①两种观点的争论焦点②Somecontendthat.②观点一③Foronething,.③观点一的理由1④Foranother,.④观点二的理由2⑤Inspiteofalltheseclaims,othersmaintainthat⑤与观点一对立的观点二⑥Theypointoutthat.⑥观点二的理由1⑦Anotherinstanceoftencitedisthat.⑦观点二的理由2⑧It’snoeasytasktofindasatisfactoryanswertotheissue.⑧小结论⑨Asforme,there’ssometruthtobotharguments.⑨引入自己的观点⑩It’sadvisableto.⑩个人的结论举例讲明:RecreationalActivitiesForthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortpassageentitledRecreationalActivities.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.娱乐活动多种多样2.娱乐活动能够使人们受益，也可能带来危害3.作为大学生，我认为……Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthereareawidevarietyofrecreationalactivitiesnowadays,whichmaycatertotheneedsofdifferentpeople.Thosewholovesportscanplayfootball,basketballortennisastheylike;meanwhile,othersmayfindmorepleasureinplayingcardsormahjong.Whilesomerecreationalactivitiesarebeneficial,otheractivitiescandoharmtopeople.(主题句)Acaseinpointfortheformersituationissportsandgames.Theseactivitiescanhelpimprovepeople’shealthandmentalwell-being.What’smore,theycanenhancefriendshipamongpeople,justastheBeijingOlympicswilldo.Ontheotherhand,ifpeoplepreferbadactivities,theywillhavetosuffer.Forexample,manypeopleprefergambling,andwhentheylosemoney,someofthemwillcommitcrimes.Asacollegestudent,Iholdtothebeliefthatweshouldengageinhealthyandusefulrecreationalactivitiesandstayawayfromtheharmfulones.Onlyinthiswayareweabletobuildaharmonioussocietyinourcountry.现象解释型作文模板①Recently,.①描述现象，引起话题②Whatamazesusmostis②表现较为典型的一个方面③Itistruethat.③关于现象做出的评论④Therearemanyreasonsexplaining④承上启下,解释这一现象的缘故⑤Themainreasonis⑤讲明缘故一⑥Whatismore,⑥缘故二⑦Thirdly,⑦缘故三⑧Asaresult,.⑧讲述导致的结果⑨Consideringallthese,.⑨作者的态度⑩Foronething…⑩观点一eq\o\ac(○,11)Foranother….eq\o\ac(○,11)观点二eq\o\ac(○,12)Inconclusion…eq\o\ac(○,12)总结全文举例讲明WhatElectivestoChooseForthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledWhatElectivestoChoose.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2.学生因为各种缘故选择了不同的选修课3.以你自己为例……Nowadays,agrowingnumberofelectivesareofferedinallsortsofuniversiti