湖南科技大学高级英语第二册试题及答案

（试卷1）I.Vocabulary(30%)Fromthelistofwordsatthetop,selectthecorrectwordorphraseforeachblankspace.Useeachwordorphraseonlyonce(15%).lashedscuddeddesolatederelictundoingmakingsboomingcontemptuousacatalyticagentspreesswiveledsmolderedlucrativemacabreadjunctHurricaneCamillenorthwestwardacrosstheGulfofMexico.GraycloudsinfromtheGulfontherisingwind.MostofMoroccoissothatnowildanimalbiggerthanaharecanlieonit.Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeabuildinglot.TheAmericansareunwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowofthesehumanrightstowhichthisnationhasbeencommitted.Althoughshewasnotverysmartnow,shealreadyhadtheTheofAmericanindustrynolongerleftanyroomforthecodeoftheVictorianage.Journalismwasameretocommercialism.ThewaractedasinthisbreakingdownoftheVictoriansocialstructure.Likemostescapist,thisonelasteduntilthemoneyranout.Nothostile,not,notsullen,noteveninquisitive.Backandforth,hishead,desirewaxing,resolutionwaning.Maybesomewhereintheextinctcraterofhermind,afewembersstillHerewastheveryheartofindustrialAmerica,thecenterofitsmostandcharacteristicactivity.Itreducedthewholeaspirationofmantoaanddepressingjoke.Fromthelistofwordsatthetop,selectthecorrectsynonymfortheunderlinedwordsorphrasesineachsentence(15%)hit distress fellapart noticeablecrazygap aimlesslytoughenedcallforth ambitiousperceptive industriousputanendtomoralattitudescriticismHurricaneCamillewascertaintopummelGulfport,Miss.,wheretheKoshakslived.Thegroupheardgunlikereportsasotherupstairswindowsdisintegrated.Butthebluesdidoccasionallyafflictalltheadults.Instantly,fromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews.Still,awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.Theconversationmoveddesultorilyhereandthere.WhatalthistellsusisofadeepriftinthecultureofEnglandaftertheNormanConquest.Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife.Thisnewgenerationhasbeentemperedbywar,disciplinedbyahardandbitterpeace.Flamingdiatribespouredfromtheirpensdenouncingthematerialism.Letbothsidesseektoinvokethewondersofscienceinsteadofitsterrors.Hewasanenterprisingfellow.Hecalledhimselfaperspicaciousman.14.1awardthischampionshiponlyafterlaboriousresearchandincessantprayer.15.Thusinachangingworldyouthwasfacedwiththechallengeofbringourmoresuptodate.ILParaphrasethefollowingsentences.(20%)We'reelevated23feet.Theplacehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehaseverbotheredit.Noonehasanyideawhereitwillgoasitmeandersorleapsandsparklesorjustglows.Andyetthesamerevolutionarybeliefforwhichourforebearsfoughtisstillatissuearoundtheglobe.Anditisanactivityonlyofhumans.Boyandman,Ihadbeenthroughtheregionoftenbefore.Theslightestmentionofthedecadebringsnostalgicrecollectionstothemiddle-agedTheplacehasbeenheresince1915,andnohurricanehaseverbotheredit.Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthatfact.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofcooperativeventures.Translatethefollowingsentences(usingtheexpressionsgiveninthebrackets.(20%)Amomentlater,thehurricaneliftedtheentireroofoffthehouseandskimmedit40feetthroughtheair.Inatropicallandscapeone'seyestakesineverythingexceptthehumanbeings.Ifafreesocietycannothelpthemanywhoarepoor,itcannotsavethefewwhoarerich.Fads,Isubmit,aretheverynegationofreason.Herewerehumanhabitationssoabominablethattheywouldhavedisgracedaraceofrallycats.6.暴风雨使旅客们处于孤立无援的处境。(maroon)7•他们个个都把一杯啤酒看成是一件难得的奢侈品。(lookon).他有可能已经听说这个坏消息了。(chances).我问起他美国的生活，他马上警觉起来。(situp).一丝智慧的光芒闪现在他的眼中。(glimmer)IV.Namethefiguresofspeechusedinthefollowingsentences,(oneineachsentence)(10%)Wecanbattendownandrideitout.Instantly,fromthedarkholesallaround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews.Letbothsidesexplorewhatproblemsuniteusinsteadofbelaboringthoseproblemswhichdivideus.Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.OtherwiseyouhavecommittedaDictoSimpliciter.Thereisalimittowhatfleshandbloodcanbear.Oneblinkedbeforethemasoneblinksbeforeamanwithhisfaceshotaway.Heisnomeanopponentinthecomingdebate.Whenwecamebackwefoundhiminhisarmchair,peacefullygonetosleep一butforever.Hopefulyoungwriters,theirmindsandpensinflamedagainstwarandBabbittry,cameingreatnumberstoliveinGreenwichVillage,thetraditionalartisticcenter.V.Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethecorrectanswertoeachquestionthatfollows(5%)UNCLELOTAndsoIamtowriteastory-butofwhat,andwhere?ShallitberadiantwiththeskyofItalyoreloquentwiththebeauidealofGreece?Shallitbreatheodorandlanguorfromtheorient,orchivalryfromtheOccidentorgaietyfromFrance?orvigorfromEngland?No,no;thesearealltooold—tooromance-like-tooobviouslypicturesqueforme.No;letmeturntomyownland—myown.NewEngland;thelandofbrightfiresandstronghearts;thelandofdeeds,andnotofwords;thelandoffruits,andnotofflowers;thelandoftenspokenagainst,yetalwaysrespected;"Thelatchesofwhoseshoesthenationsoftheeartharenotworthytounloose.9Nowfromthisveryheroicapostrophe,youmaysupposethatIhavesomethingveryheroictotell.Bynomeans,itismerelyalittleintroductorybreezeofpatriotism,suchasoccasionallybrushesovereverymind,bearingonitswingstheremembranceofallweeverlovedofcherishedinthelandofourearlyyears;andifitshouldseemtoberodomontadetoanypeopleinotherpartsoftheearth,letthemonlyimagineittobesaidabout'OldKentucky/oldEngland,oranyothercorneroftheworldinwhichtheyhappenedtobebornandtheywillfinditquiterational.But,astouchingourstory,itistimetobeing.DidyoueveryseethelittlevillageofNewbury,inNewEnglandIdaresayyouneverdid;foritwasjustoneofthoseout-of-the-wayplaceswherenobodyeverycameunlesstheycameonpurpose:agreenlittlehollow,wedgedlikeabird'snestbetweenhalfadozenhighhills,thatkeptoffthewindandkeptoutforeigners;sothatthelittleplacewasasstraightlysuigenerisasiftherewerenotanotherintheworld.Theinhabitantswereallofthatrespectableoldsteadfastfamilywhomakeitapointtobeborn,bred,married,todie,andbeburiedallintheselfsamespot.Therewerejustsomanyhouses,andjustsomanypeoplelivedinthem;andnobodyeverseemedtobesick,ortodieeither,atleastwhileIwasthere.Thenativesgrewoldtilltheycouldnotgrowanyolder,andthentheystoodstill,andlastedfromgenerationtogeneration.Therewas,too,anunchangeabilityaboutalltheexternalsofNewbury.Herewasaredhouse,andtherewasabrownhouse,andacrossthewaywasayellowhouse;andtherewasastragglingrailfenceoratribeofmulleinstalksbetween.Theministerlivedhere,andSquireMoseslivedthere,andDeaconHartlivedunderthehill,andMessrs.NadabandAbihuPeterslivedbythecrossword,andtheold'wider'Smithlivedbythemeeting-house,andEbenezerCampkeptashoemaker'sshopononeside,andPatienceMoselykeptamilliner9sshopinfront;andtherewasoldComfortScran,whokeptstoreforthewholetown,andsoldaxeheads,brassthimbles,licoriceballs,fancyhandkerchiefs,andeverythingelseyoucanthinkof.Here,too,wasthegeneralpost-office,whereyoumightseelettersmarvelouslyfolded,directedwrongsideupward,stampedwithathimble,andsuperscribedtosomeoftheDollys,orPollys,orPeters,orMosesesforenamedornotnamed.Fortherest,astomanners,morals,arts,andsciences,thepeopleinNewburyalwayswenttotheirpartiesatthreeo'clockintheafternoon,andcamehomebeforedark;alwaysstoppedallworktheminutethesunwasdownonSaturdaynight;alwayswenttomeetingonSunday;hadaschoolhousewithalltheordinaryinconveniences;wereinneighborlycharitywitheachother;readtheirBibles,fearedtheirGod,andwerecontentwithsuchthingsastheyhad—thebestphilosophy,afterallInthefirstparagraphtheauthorcontraststheEastandtheWestas[A]indolentandgallant. [B]charmingandrude.[C]foreignandfamiliar. [D]passiveandaggressive.Inthesecondparagraphwecanseethattheauthorassumesherreaders[A]preferrigorousarguments.[B]sharesimilarfeelings.[C]needalotofpersuading. [D]dislikefigurativelanguage.TheauthorchoosesNewEnglandashersubjectmatterbecausesheknowsitwellandbecauseitsinhabitantsare[A]talkativeratherthandiligent. [B]productiveratherthanself-indulgent.[C]romanticratherthanserious. [D]charmingratherthanadmired.ThefactsinthepassageindicatethatvillageofNewburyisfA]accustomedtoseeingvagabonds.fB]adenselypopulatedarea.[C]sociallyandpoliticallyprogressive.[D]locatedinaremotepartofthecountry.Theauthor9sviewofNewburyis[A]retrospective.[B]detached.[C]impartial.[D]skeptical.VI.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerquestionsbasedonthepassage:(15%)Naturally,thespiritofcarnivalandenthusiasmforhighmilitaryadventureweresoondissipatedoncetheeageryoungmenhadreceivedagoodtasteoftwentiethcenturywarfare.Totheirlastingglory,theyfoughtwithdistinction,butitwasamuchmorealteredgroupofsoldierswhoreturnedformthebattlefieldin1919.Especiallywasthistrueofthecollegecontingent,whoseidealismhadledthemtoenlistearlyandwhohadgenerallyseenaconsiderableamountofaction.Tothem,itwasbittertoreturntoahometownvirtuallyuntouchedbytheconflict,whosecitizensstilltalkedwiththenaiveFourth-of-Julybombasttheythemselveshadbeenguiltyoftwoorthreeyearsearlier.Itwasevenmorebittertofindthattheiroldjobshadbeentakenbythestay-at-homes,thatbusinesswassufferingarecessionthatpreventedtheopeningupofnewjobs,andthatveteranswereconsideredproblemchildrenandlessdesirablethannon-veteransforwhateverbusinessopportunitiesthatdidexist.Theirhomeswereoftenuncomfortabletothem;theyhadoutgrowntownandfamiliesandhaddevelopedasuddenbewilderingworld-wearinesswhichneithertheynortheirrelativescouldunderstand.Theirenergieshadbeenwhippedupandtheirnaivetedestroyedbythewarandnow,insleepyGopherPrairiesalloverthecountry,theywerebeingaskedtocurbthoseenergiesandresumetheposeofself-deceivingVictorianinnocencethattheynowfelttobeasoutmodedasthenotionthattheirfightinghad“madetheworldsafefordemocracy.^^And,asifhometownconditionswerenotenough,thereturningveteranalsohadtofacethesodden,NapoleniccynicismofVersailles,thehypocriticaldo-goodismofProhibition,andthesmugpatriotismofthewarprofiteers.Somethinginthetension-riddenyouthofAmericahadto"give"and,afterashortperiodofbitterresentment,it“gave"intheformofacompleteoverthrowofgenteelstandardsofbehaviour.Questions:Accordingtothepassage,thenotionthattheirfightinghad“madetheworldsafefordemocracy^^wasoutmoded,why?Hadtheirfightingreallymadetheworldsafefordemocracy?Ifyes,stateyourreasons.Ifnot,stateyourreasons.(5%)Whywasitbitterforthereturningveterantoreturntotheirhometown?(3%)Howdoyouunderstandthephrase“agoodtaste”?(2%)Howdoyouunderstandthetwo"give”inthelastsentenceofthispassage?(5%)（卷1）参考答案LVocabulary(30%)(1分1题)Section11.lashed9.acatalyticagent2.scudded10.sprees3.desolate11.contemptuous4.derelict12.swiveled5.undoing13.smoldered6.makings14.lucrative7.booming15.macabre8.adjunctSection2hitfellapartdistresscrazynoticeableaimlesslygapputanendtotoughenedcriticismcallforthambitiousperceptiveindustriousmoralattitudesII.Paraphrase(20%) (2分1题)We're23feetabovesealevel.Thehousehasbeenatthisplacesince1915,andhasneverbeendamagedbyanyhurricanes.Nooneknowshowtheconversationwillgoasitmovesaimlesslyanddesultorilyorasitbecomesspiritedandexciting.OurancestorsfoughtarevolutionarywartomaintainthatallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadgiventhemcertainunalienablerightswhichnostateorrulercouldtakeawayfromthem.Buttoday,thisissuehasnotyetbeendecidedinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.Andconversationisanactivitywhichisfoundonlyamonghumanbeings.AsaboyandlaterwhenIwasagrown-upman,Ihadoftentraveledthroughtheregion.Attheverymentionofthispost-warperiod,middle-agedpeoplebegintothinkaboutitlongingly.Thehousehasbeenatthisplacesince1915,andhasneverbeendamagedbyanyhurricanes.Alltheempiresbuilduptheirempiresbytreatingthepeopleinthecolonialslikeanimals(bynottreatingthepeopleinthecolonialsashumanbeings).Unitedandworkingtogetherwecanaccomplishalotofthingsinagreatnumberofjointundertakings.Translation(20%) (2分1题)不一会儿，一阵强风掠过，将整个屋顶卷入空中，抛向40英尺以外。在热带的景色中，万物皆一目了然，唯独看不见人。一个自由社会如若不能帮助众多的穷人，也就无法保全少数的富人。赶时髦就是最缺乏理智的表现。人们的居住条件如此糟糕，连那些流浪街头的野猫也为之害羞。Thetravelersweremaroonedbythestorm.Everyoneofthemlooksonaglassofbeerasanimpossibleluxury.Chancesarethathehasalreadyheardaboutthisbadnews.IaskedhimaboutlifeinAmericaandthatmadehimsitup.Aglimmerofintelligencecameintohereyes)Figureofspeech(10%)(1分1题)metaphortransferredepithetantithesisparallelismmetonymysynecdochesimilelitoteseuphemismmetonymyReadthefollowingpassagesandchoosethecorrectanswertoeachquestionthatfollows(5%)1-5ABBDA阅读理解选择题一个题1分，共5分；Readingthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Usebriefwordsandcorrectgrammar.Bothyourideasandlanguagewillbegraded.(15%)1(5%), 2(3%),3(2%),4(5%)问题解答按以下原则评分：学生须在归纳时总结出文章的主要内容、作者的基本目的、文章的主旨，阅卷时考虑学生的语言运用是否正确、有无语法错误、单词拼写、语言是否地道等。后面两题依照参考答案，学生的答案和参考答案相似或接近，用词须准确、地道，回答简明扼要，视情况给分。（试卷2）Vocabulary(30%)Fromthelistofwordsatthetop,selectthecorrectwordorphraseforeachblankspace.Useeachwordorphraseonlyonce(15%).twopencehostroomflatteredbelligerentwhippedcoweredmummifiedwarpedsquashedcontingentdistinctionrecollectionsadjunctatoddsWindandrainnowthehouse.Thedogwitheyesclosed.Theman'sleftlegisoutofshape.Theoldwomenarewithageandheat.Inthisconnectionitdoesn'tmatterifhecallshimselfasocialist.Theblacksoldiers?feetintobootsthatlookedlikeblocksofwood.Forwedarenotmeetapowerfulchallengeandsplitasunder.Especiallywasthistrueofthecollege,whoseidealismhadledthemtoenlistearly.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinaofco-operativeventures.Theyfoughtwith.Theslightestmentionofthedecadebringsnostalgictothemiddle-aged.Journalismwasameretocommercialism.TheboomingofAmericanindustrynolongerleftforthecodeoftheVictorianage..Meanwhile,thetrueintellectualswerefarfrom.Ourofficialreluctancetodeclareourstatusasawasintolerabletomanyofourcitizens.Fromthelistofwordsatthetop,selectthecorrectsynonymfortheunderlinedwordsorphrasesineachsentence(15%)raisedrottinginsecurely pleasant-looking tendencysheltered scorn traitunpleasantnarrow-mindedsetfree exhaustinglookeddownupon fights coveredTheSaxonpeasantswhotilledthelandandrearedtheanimalscouldnotaffordthemeat.TheNormanlordsofcourtsturneduptheirnosesattherabbitmeat.Redbrickageswithdignity.Letitbecomedownrightblack,itisstillsightly.Thepullisalwaystowardugliness.Theyleanthiswayandthat,hangingontotheirbasesprecariously.Youwill,infact,findnothingofthesortinEurope-saveperhapsinthemoreputridpartsofEngland.GreenwichVillagehadalsoharboredenoughmajorwriters.Theyweretryingtofloutthemoralityoftheirgrandfathers.Stripsofclothingfestoonedthestandingtrees.Wehadreachedaninternationalstaturethatwouldforeverpreventusfromretreatingbehindtheartificialwallsofaprovincialmorality.Ittookfivegruelingnights,butitwasworthit.CharlesLambunfetteredtheinformalessaywithhismemorablework.TheonehundreddaysfracaswithSpainhaddissolvedintoaone-sidedvictory.The'lostgeneration?attitudeneverthelessactedasacommondenominatorofthewritingofthetimes.Thecountryitselfisnotuncomely,despitethegrimeoftheendlessmills.Paraphrasethefollowingsentences.(20%)Theburying-groundismerelyahugewasteofhummockyearth,likeaderelictbuilding-lot.Instantly,fromthedarkholesallround,therewasafrenziedrushofJews.TheyarelikethemusketeersofDumaswho,althoughtheylivedsidebysidewitheachother,didnotdelveintoeachothefslivesortherecessesoftheirthoughtsandfeelings.Thismuchwepledge-andmore.Theygotoutofbedonthewrongsideissimplynotaconcern.Conversationisnotformakingapoint.ButsomehowIhadneverquitesenseditsappallingdesolation.Itreducedthewholeaspirationofmantoamacabreanddepressingjoke.Thecountryitselfisnotuncomely,despitethegrimeoftheendlessmills.Theyhadoutgrowntownsandfamilies.III.Translatethefollowingsentences(usingtheexpressionsgiveninthebrackets.(20%)Itoreoffapieceofbreadandhestoweditgratefullyinsomesecretplaceunderhisrags.TheconversationhadswungfromAustralianconvictsofthe19thcenturytotheEnglishpeasantsofthe12lhcentury.United,thereislittlewecannotdoinahostofco-operativeventures.Divided,thereislittlewecando,forwedaremeetapowerfulchallengeatoddsandsplitasunder.Letusnevernegotiateoutoffear,butletusneverfeartonegotiate.Itreducedthewholeaspirationofmantoamacabreanddepressingjoke.对生活在这片贫瘠的土地上的人来说，他们祖祖辈辈的生活就是从是从贫瘠的土壤中费力地弄出点吃的来。(wring)Tim的婚姻亮起了红灯。(ontherocks)法律规定对受贿该处以什么刑法？(prescribe)他试图超过他的对手但最终还是失败了。(outpace)他从小就有艺术家的素质。(makings)Namethefiguresofspeechusedinthefollowingsentences.(Oneineachsentence)(10%)HurricaneCamilleseizeda600,000-gallonGulfportoiltankanddumpedit372milesaway.Theglowoftheconversationburstintoflames....fourorfivethousandmeninall,windinguptheroadwithaclumpingofbootsandaclatterofironwheels.Thereisalimittowhatfleshandbloodcanbear.Peteylaysnoringinhisbed,theraccooncoathuddledlikeagreathairybeastathisfeet.Theeffectoftheuglystadiumwithanimpossibleyellowpenthouseisthatofafatwomanwithablackeye.Thecountryitselfisnotuncomely.Whenwecamebackwefoundhiminhisarmchair,peacefullygonetosleep—butforever.Andso,myfellowAmericansasknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou;askwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.Wefeltstrong,smug,secure.Readthefollowingpassageandchoosethecorrectanswertoeachquestionthatfollows(5%)GRAPESOFWRATHWeliveinsouthernCaliforniagrowinggrapes,afirstgenerationofvintners,ourhomeadjacenttothevineyardsandthewinery.It'saveryprettyplace,andinordertoearnthemoneytorealizeourdreamofmakingwine,weworkedformanyyearsinabusinessthatdemandedseveralhouseholdmoves,anincredibleamountofrisk-takingandlongabsencesfrommyhusband.Whenitwastime,wetradedinouroldlife,cinchedupourbeltsandbeganthecreationofthewinery.Wemakesmallamountsofpremiumwine,andourlivesaredictatedbytherhythmofnatureandthedemandsofthelivingvines.ThevinesstartsproutingtinygreentendrilsinMarchandApril,andthebabygrapesbegintoforminminiature,soperfectthattheycanbedippedingoldtoformjewelry.Thegrapesswellandripeninearlyfall,andwhentheirsugarcontentisattherightlevel,theyareharvestedcarefullybyhandandcrushedinsmalllots.Thewineisfermentedandtendeduntilitisreadytobebottled.Thevineyardsshedtheirleaves,thevinesareprunedandmadereadyforthedormantmonths-andthenextvintage.Itsoundsnice,doesn?tit?Livinginthecountry,ourdaysspentintheancientroutineofthevineyard,knowingthatthecourseofourlivesasvintnerswaschoreographedlongageandthatifwepracticeddiligently,ourwinewouldbegoodandwe'dbesuccessful.Fromthestartweknewtherewasapricefortheprivilegeofbecomingawine-makingfamily,connectedtothelandandthecapricesofnature.Weworkhardatsomethingwelove,weareslowtopanicoverthedailyemergencies,wearenimbleatsolvingproblemsastheyarise.Somehazardstocompletingasuccessfulvintageareexpected:rainjustbeforeharvestingcancausemold;electricityunexpectedlyinterruptedduringthecoldfermentationofwhitewinecandamageit;adelayedpaymentfromamajorclientwhenthemoneyisneeded.Thereareoutsideinfluencesthatdisruptproductionandtakepatience,goodwillandperseverance.(Forexample)theBureauofAlcohol,TobaccoandFirearmsregulateseveryfacetofthewinebusiness.Awinery'srecordsareauditedasoftenastwoorthreetimesayearandeverylabel—newlywrittenforeachyear'svintage—mustbeapproved....(But)Thegreatestthreattothewinery,andonethatalmostmadeusloseheart,cameoutofalawyer'simagination.Ourlittlewinerywasservednoticethatwewerenamedinalawsuitaccusingusofendangeringthepublichealthbyusingleadfoilsonourbottles(itwastheonlymaterialuseduntilrecently)“withoutwarningconsumersofapossiblerisk.,,Thereitwas,ourwinery'snamelistedwiththeindustry'sgiants.......Imusthaveaskedahundredtimes:"Whogetsthemoneyifthelawsuitissuccessful?^^Theanswerwas,andIneverwasablertoassimilateit,theplaintiffsandtheirlawyerswhofiledthesuit!Sincethelawsuitwasbroughtinbehalfofconsumers,itseemedtomethatconsumersmustgetsomethingifitwasprovedthataleadfoilwasdangeroustothem.Weweretoldoneofthetwoconsumerclaimantswasanemployeeofthefirmfilingthesuit!Thereareattorneyswhofocustheircareersonlawsuitslikethis.Itisanimmensedangertothesmallbusinessman.Cashreservescanbeusedupintheblinkofaneyewheninthecompanyoflawyers.Aslongasifspossibleforanyonetosueanybodyforanything,weareallindanger.Aslongasthelegalprofessionallowsmemberstopracticelawdishonorablyandlawyersarecongratulatedforwinningbigmoneyinthisway,we'Hallbeplaguedwithacorruptiblejusticesystem.Thephrase"cinchedupourbelts/Thewritercomplainsthatwhenshequestionedthelawyersshe[A]nevergotananswer.[B]nevergotasimpleanswer.[C]couldmakenosenseoftheanswershegot.[D]couldnotunderstandtheanswershegot.Thewritercomplainsthatwhenshequestionedthelawyersshe[A]nevergotananswer.[B]nevergotasimpleanswer.[C]couldmakenosenseoftheanswershegot.[D]couldnotunderstandtheanswershegot.thoughtcreatingawinerywouldbeeasy.woreclothingthatwastoobig.strappedtheirbelongingstogetherandmoved.preparedforthedifficultworkahead.Thegrapesareharvestedonadatethatmayvary.istraditionallyset.dependsontheapprovaloftheregulatorybureau.isdeterminedbyavailabilityofpickers.Accordingtotheauthor,thelifeofvintnersismostcontrolledby[AltheBureauofAlcohol,TobaccoandFirearms.unexpectedchangesintemperature.thesugarcontentofthegrapes.thetempooftheseasons.Thewriterthinksthatthelegalprofessionstrivestoprotectconsumers.includesrapaciousattorneys.doesagoodjobofpolicingitsmembers.ispartofanincorruptiblesystem.VI.Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.(15%)HowtoPoisontheEarthPoisoningtheearthcanbedifficultbecausetheearthisalwaystryingtocleanseandrenewitself.Keepingthisinmind,weshouldgenerateasmuchwasteaspossiblefromsubstancessuchasuranium-238,whichhasahalf-life(thetimeittakesforhalfofthesubstancetodecay)ofonemillionyears,orplutonium,whichhasahalf-lifeofonly0.5millionyearsbutissotoxicthatifdistributedevenly,tenpoundsofitcouldkilleverypersonontheearth.BecausetheUnitedStatesgenerateabouteighteentonsofplutoniumperyear,itisaboutthebestsubstanceforlong-termpoisoningoftheearth.Itwouldhelpifwewouldbuildmorenuclearpowerplantsbecauseeachonegeneratesonly500poundsofplutoniumeachyear.Ofcourse,wemustincludepersistenttoxicchemicalssuchaspolychlorinatedbiphenyl(PCR)anddichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane(DDT)tomakesurewehaveenoughtoxinstopoisontheearthfromthecoretotheouteratmosphere.First,wemustdevelopmanydifferentwaysofputtingthewastefromthesenuclearandchemicalsubstancesin,on,andaroundtheearth.Puttingthesesubstancesintheearthisamostimportantstepinthepoisoningprocess.Withdeep-wellinjectionwecanensurethattheearthispoisonedallthewaytothecore.Deep-wellinjectioninvolvesdrillingaholethatisafewthousandfeetdeepandinjectingtoxicsubstancesatextremelyhighpressuressotheywillpenetratedeepintotheearth.AccordingtotheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),thereareabout360suchdeepinjectionwellsintheUnitedStates.Wecannotforgetthegroundwateraquifersthatareclosertothesurface.Thesemustalsobecontaminated.Thisiseasilydonebyshallow-wellinjection,whichoperatesonthesameprincipleasdeep-wellinjection,onlyclosertothesurface.Thegroundwaterthathasbeeninjectedwithtoxinswillspreadthecontaminationbeneaththeearth.TheEPAestimatesthatthereareapproximately500,000shallowinjectionwellsintheUnitedStates.Buryingthetoxinsintheearthisthenextbestmethod.Thetoxinsfromlandfills,dumps,andlagoonsslowlyseepintotheearth,guaranteeingthatcontaminationwilllastalongtime.BecausetheEPAestimatesthereareonlyabout50,000ofthesedumpsintheUnitedStates,theyshouldbelocatedinareaswheretheywillleaktothesurroundinggroundandsurfacewater.Surfacewaterisveryimportanttocontaminatebecauseitwilltransportthepoisonstoplacesthatcannotbecontaminateddirectly.Lakesaregoodforlong-termstorageofpollutantswhiletheyreleasesomeoftheircontaminationtorivers.Theonlytroublewithriversisthattheyactasanaturalcleansingsystemfortheearth.Nomatterhowmuchpoisonisdumpedinto