2023版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit5LanguagesAroundTheWorld教师用书新人教版必修第一册

欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读本文档，希望本文档能对您有所帮助！Unit5LanguagesAroundTheWorldⅠ.词块记单词1.2.8billionpeople二十八亿人2.theirnativeorsecondlanguage他们的母语或第二语言3.theattitudeofthespeaker演讲者的态度4.themainfactors主要因素5.apicture­basedlanguage一种以图画为基础的语言6.animportantmeans一个重要方式7.theclassicworks经典作品8.thehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystem对中国书写体系的高度重视9.Chinesecharacters汉字10.inglobalaffairs在全球事务中11.specificinformation特定信息12.astruggle一场斗争13.begyourpardon请原谅14.bridgethegap消除隔阂15.ademand一种需求Ⅱ.语境记单词1.Apartfromthetextbooks,Ioftenrefertootherreferencematerialstoassistmystudies.(refer)2.Therearevariousgoodsinthesupermarket,andthepricesvaryfromcentstodollars.Thevarietyattractsmanycustomers.(variety)．3.OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)4.Peoplewithanappreciationofartandliteraturecanappreciateworksofart.(appreciate)5.Allmenarebornequal,soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)6.Hedescribedtherobberyindetailtothepolicemanandhisdescriptionwasveryvaluable—thepolicecaughttherobberinashorttime.(describe)Ⅲ.语境记短语1.It'swellknownthatsomediseasesrelateto(与……相关)airpollution.2.Whenthereporterreferredto(提到)hisprivateaffairs,thesingerchangedhisattitudeatonce.3.Frommypointofview(观点),itisofgreatimportancetopayattentiontothefeelingsofourselves.4.Despitetheupsanddowns(浮沉)inhislife,MrBrownneverstopslearningnewthings.5.Thiscustomdatesbackto(追溯到)theTangDynastyandwasverypopularinthenorthofChinathen.6.Moreoftenthannot,childrendependon(依赖)theirparentsforalmosteverything.7.Aseveryoneknows,sheplaysanimportantrolein(在……中起重要作用)ourorganisation.8.We'veconsultedanumberof(许多)booksaboutthesubjectinthelibrary.9.Thegirlusedto(过去常常)beshy,butisgraduallygettingactiveingroupworknow.Ⅳ.公式练句型1.展望未来，他明白考上一所名校对他来说意义重大。(beof＋名词)Lookingahead,heknowsitisofgreatsignificanceforhimtoenterafamousuniversity.2.你们如此善良、体贴，我们希望成为你们的朋友，无论你们在哪里。(nomatterwhere引导让步状语从句)Youaresokindandconsideratethatwehopetobefriendswithyounomatterwhereyouare.3.起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)AtfirstIthoughtIunderstoodwhatmyteachersaid,butthemoreheexplained,themoreconfusedIbecame.4.我不擅长英语，我在语法方面有很多麻烦。(havetroublewithsth.)IamnotgoodatEnglish,andIhavealotoftroublewiththegrammar．5.那是一个中国经历了很大变化的时代。(Itwasatimewhen...)ItwasatimewhenChinaexperiencedverybigtransformations.1.basevt.以……为据点；以……为基础n.底部；根据[素养佳句](2020·全国Ⅲ卷写作)Thesedays,I,togetherwithmyclassmates,haveadaptedashortplaybasedontheEnglishtext.这些天，我和我的同班同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。(1)base...on/upon...把……建立在……基础之上bebasedon/upon以……为基础；依据……(2)basisn.基础；基本原则；根据；基点onthebasisof...根据……；在……的基础上(3)basicadj.基本的；基础的；初级的；根本的(4)basedadj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的(5)basicallyadv.本质上；基本上；(口)说白了；说穿了——单句语法填空①(2021·浙江卷6月)“Wecanruleoutthatthedogssimplydistinguishbetweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth，”saidstudyauthorCorsinMüller.②(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbased(base)onourpresentmentalregister.③Based(base)onthisunderstanding,wehaveagooddealofcontrolandresponsibilityoverourcarbonfootprint.④Basing(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.⑤AsfarasI'mconcerned,commonhobbiesarethebasis(base)ofmakingfriends.⑥Theyhavetohaveabasic(base)understandingofcomputersinordertousetheadvancedtechnology.——句式升级Themoviewasbasedonareal­lifeincident.Anditturnedouttobeasuccess.⑦Themoviebasedonareal­lifeincidentturnedouttobeasuccess.(过去分词短语作定语)⑧Basedonareal­lifeincident,themovieturnedouttobeasuccess.(过去分词短语作状语)2.varietyn.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化[素养佳句]Thereisawidevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。(1)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(avarietyof,varietiesof))各种各样的(2)varyvi.变化varyinsth.在(大小、形状等)方面不同；在某方面有差异varywith...随……变化、改变varyfrom...to...从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动(3)variousadj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的；不同的(4)variedadj.各种各样的；形形色色的——单句语法填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.②(2021·全国乙卷)Theresearchersexaminedvarious(variety)levelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.③Varieties(vary)ofcelebrationswillbeorganisedtodisplaytheagriculturalharvest.④Theresearchteamismadeupofthepupils,whoseagesvary(various)from10to15.——词汇升级/句式升级Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium.Ithasallkindsofwell­equippedfacilities.⑤Ourschoolhasbuiltanewstadium,whichhasvarious/varietiesof/avarietyofwell­equippedfacilities.(定语从句)avarietyof(varietiesof)既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，该短语修饰可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究[素养佳句](2020·全国Ⅰ卷写作)Infact,heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.事实上，他激励我在大学主修英语，成为中国与世界之间的桥梁。(1)majorin主修……；以……为专业(2)majorityn.大多数；大半a/themajorityof...大多数……inthe/amajority占多数(3)minorityn.少数inthe/aminority占少数——单句语法填空①Themajorityofthelandhasbeendestroyed(destroy)sofar.②Someoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswere(be)reallyfunny.③Ihopetogainabitmoreknowledgeofgardeningsothatitcanhelpmetomajorinthegardeningafterattendingcollege.——完成句子④WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Imaychoosetogiveitupandrespecttheopinionsofthemajority．当我有不同意见时，我可能选择放弃，尊重大多数人的意见。themajorityof后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数形式，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数形式。4.meansn.方式；方法；途径[素养佳句]Thequalityoflifehasimprovedandwatchingfilmsisregardedasagoodmeansofentertainment.生活质量提高了，看电影被认为是一种很好的娱乐方式。bythismeans用这种方法bymeansof通过；用；借助于bynomeans决不；一点也不(放在句首时，句子部分倒装)byallmeans(用于交际英语中表示同意)当然可以；没问题；务必——单句语法填空①(2021·全国乙卷)Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource(来源)ofplasticpollution...②(2020·江苏卷)—DoyouknowanythingaboutZhangZhongjing?—Byallmeans.HehasbeenhonoredasamasterdoctorsincetheEasternHanDynasty.③Studentssometimessupportthemselvesbymeansofdoingpart­timejobs.④Everypossiblemeanshas(have)beenusedtopreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.——同义句转换Theproblemisbynomeansassimpleaswefirstthought.⑤Bynomeansistheproblemassimpleaswefirstthought.means用作“方式；方法”时单复数同形。若all/some/several/manymeans作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；若every/each/one/ameans作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。5.appreciatevt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会；理解vi.增值[素养佳句]Whatweappreciatedmostwasthatyouhadastrongteamworkspirit,whichallowedustocompleteourtasksveryefficiently.我们最欣赏的是你们有强烈的团队精神，使我们高效完成了任务。(1)appreciate＋名词/代词/动词­ing形式重视/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……我将不胜感激。(2)appreciationn.欣赏；感激expressone'sappreciationtosb.forsth.对某人因为某事表达感激之情——单句语法填空①(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Hisson,age15,whohadtakenanartappreciation(appreciate)class,thoughtthattherewassomethingunusualabouttheonewithayounggirlsittingonagardenchair.②Ireallyappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesuchanopportunitytoshowmytalent.③Iappreciatebeinggiven(give)theopportunitytoworkinyourcompanytwoyearsago.④I'dappreciateyourwriting(write)mebackatyourearliestconvenience.——一句多译如果你能考虑我的建议，我将感激不尽。⑤I'dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemysuggestionsintoconsideration.(appreciate)⑥I'dbegratefulifyoucouldtakemyadviceintoaccount.(grateful)appreciate后不能用不定式，而要用动词­ing形式作宾语。当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。6.strugglen.&vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗[素养佳句]Buttheproverb“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”remindedmethatthepathtosuccesswasnotalwayssmoothandencouragedmetostruggleon.但是“有志者事竟成”这句谚语提醒我成功的道路并不总是平坦的，并鼓励我继续奋斗。strugglefor...为……而斗争strugglewith/against...与……做斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事，挣扎着做某事struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来——单句语法填空①(2019·天津卷)WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman？Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.②Wehavetostruggleagainst/withallkindsofdifficultiesfromhomeandabroadforfreedom.③HelenKellerbecamedeafandblindwhenshewas19monthsold,butshenevergaveupandstruggledtolead(lead)anactivelife.④ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatthedinnertablethatIhadtostruggletobeheard(hear).⑤—Whydidn'tyougiveahandtotheboy?—I'dliketo,buthestruggledtohisfeetbeforeItriedto.——句式升级Maryhadstruggledformonthstofindajob,andfinallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.⑥Havingstruggledformonthstofindajob,Maryfinallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.(动词­ing形式短语作状语)7.equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的vt.比得上；敌得过[素养佳句]Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthisequaltoyourphysicalhealth.其次，要积极向上、心情愉快，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。(1)equalsth./sb.(in...)(在……方面)比得上某物/某人；(在……方面)与某物/某人匹敌/相等(2)beequaltosth./doingsth.与……相当/能胜任做某事(3)without(an)equal无人可比的(4)equalityn.相等；平等——单句语法填空①Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.②Nooneequalshimincourage,aboutwhicheveryoneknows.③Blackpeoplehadtofightforsocialandeconomicequality(equal)withwhites.④Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbeequally(equal)respected.——一句多译尽管约翰很年轻，但是他却能胜任这项重要的工作。⑤Youngashewas,Johnwasequaltotheimportanttask.(equal)⑥Althoughhewasyoung,Johnwasfitfortheimportanttask.(fit)⑦Youngashewas,Johnwasqualifiedfortheimportanttask.(qualified)8.demandn.要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要vi.查问[素养佳句]WiththegrowthofChina'seconomyandimprovementofpeople'slivingstandards,thedemandfortheserviceindustrieshascorrespondinglyrisen.随着中国经济的增长和人民生活水平的提高，对服务业的需求相应增加。(1)bein(great)demand(迫切)需求(2)demandtodosth.要求做某事demandthat...(should)dosth.要求……做某事(3)demandingadj.要求高的——单句语法填空①(2020·浙江卷7月)Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating(刺激),demanding(demand)jobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.②Myfathercamedownanddemandedtoknow(know)whatwasgoingon.③Thebossdemandedthateveryone(should)attend(attend)themeetingtobeheldtomorrow.④MoYan'snovelsareingreatdemandinthiscitysincehewontheNobelPrizeforLiterature.——同义句转换Theteacherdemandedtobegivenmyparents'telephonenumber.⑤Theteacherdemandedthathe/she(should)begivenmyparents'telephonenumber.demand只能用于demandtodosth.,不能用于demandsb.todosth.。有类似用法的动词还有：hope,refuse,agree等。9.referto指的是；描述；提到；查阅[素养佳句]Hehadbeenwellpreparedforhisspeechsothathedidn'trefertohisnoteswhiledeliveringhisspeech.他已经为他的演讲做了充分的准备，所以他在演讲时没有看笔记。(1)referto...as...把……称作……refer...to...把……提交给……；让(人)参考……(2)in/withreferenceto关于——写出下列句中referto的含义①ThesebooksrefertoAsianproblems. 描述②Shereferredtothelastpageofthebookforanswers. 查阅③IknewtheladywasreferringtoBillwhenshespokeofabrightyoungman. 指的是④JiminsistedthatthebookMrBlackreferredtowasworthreading. 提到——完成句子⑤In/Withreferencetotablemanners,Iwanttogiveyousomesuggestionsandhopethattheywillbehelpfultoyou.关于餐桌礼仪，我想给你一些建议，希望对你有帮助。(1)refer的过去式、过去分词和动词­ing形式都要先双写“r”，再加“­ed”或“­ing”。类似的词还有prefer。(2)referto表示“查阅”时，后接词典、参考书等；lookup表示“查阅”时，后接要查阅的具体内容。10.dateback(to...)(＝datefrom)追溯到……；始于[素养佳句]Chinesetea­drinkingculturehasalonghistorydatingbacktomorethan1，000yearsago.中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。outofdate过时的；陈旧的uptodate最新式的；现代的todate/sofar迄今；至今；到目前为止fix/setadatefor...确定……的日期——单句语法填空①Myinterestinstampcollectiondates(date)backtomyschooldays.②Dating(date)from1933,theSouthLakeParkinChangchunislocatedinthesouthwesternpartoftheChangchuncity.③Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.④AsfarasIknow,theyhavesetthedateforthemeeting.——句式升级ThefestivalisheldinNovembereveryyear.ItdatesbacktotheMingDynastytocelebratetheharvestinautumn.⑤Thefestival,datingbacktotheMingDynastytocelebratetheharvestinautumn,isheldinNovembereveryyear.(动词­ing形式短语作定语)datebackto/datefrom常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其动词­ing形式作后置定语。11.be＋of＋抽象名词[素养佳句](2021·全国甲卷写作)Furthermore,guzhengisofgreatsignificancetoChinesefolkmusicleadingyoutoafantasticworldofmusic.此外，古筝对中国民族音乐也有重要的意义，它带领你进入一个美妙的音乐世界。(1)beofuse/importance/significance/help/value/benefit/...＝beuseful/important/significant/helpful/valuable/beneficial/...(这些抽象名词前还可用形容词great,little,some,any,much,no来修饰说明其程度。)(2)beof...colour/age/size/height/weight/shape/type/kind/...(这类名词前常用different,thesame,this,that等词来修饰或说明。)(3)beof...quality/character/feature/...(这类名词前常用good,bad,nice,fine,serious等词来修饰或说明。)——单句语法填空①Yoursuggestionsonhowtosolvetheproblemareveryuseful(use)tous.②The“ForeignCulture”sectioninournewspaperisofgreatpopularityamongusstudents.——同义句转换Hisopinionisconsideredtobeveryvaluable.③Hisopinionisconsideredtobeofgreatvalue．Aharmoniousfamilyisofbenefittoachild'spersonaldevelopment.④Aharmoniousfamilyisbeneficialtoachild'spersonaldevelopment.12.the＋比较级...,the＋比较级...[素养佳句]Educationisaboutlearning,andthemoreyoulearn,themoreyouwillprepareforyourlife.教育就是学习，你学的知识越多，你对于生活的准备就越充分。“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构用法如下：(1)意为“越……，就越……”，主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”是主句。(3)本结构可以用省略形式。——单句语法填空①Themoreyoupractise,thebetteryouwillspeak(speak)English.②(2021·全国甲卷)Andthemorewelook,themore(much)wewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.——完成句子③Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture,themoreyouareinterestedinit.你对我们的传统文化了解得越多，你就对它越感兴趣。④Themorelearnedamanis,themoremodestheusuallyis．一个人越有学问，就往往越谦虚。选词填空attitude;despite;upsanddowns;regard;description;pointofview;relateto;native;symbol;anumberof1.Canyougiveadescriptionofthecontentsofyourlostwallet?2.Sincerely,notonlygratitudebutalsoforgivenessisalwaysmyattitudetowardslife.3.Despitehergoodsalary,shemeasuredouteverydollarneededforhouseholdexpenses.4.Itwashisfirstvisittohisnativecountrysince1948.5.Ourlifehasitsupsanddownsandweneedsomeonetoridewithus.6.Inthepasttenyearsanumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingbutruins.7.Towriteagoodnewsreport,youhavetomakesureyourinformationrelatestosomethingthathasrecentlyhappened.8.WhitehasalwaysbeenasymbolofpurityinWesterncultures.9.Teachers,nursesandsecretariesarealwaysregardedasjobsforwomen.10.Frommypointofview,itisofgreatimportancetopayattentiontothefeelingsofourselves.Ⅰ.语境猜词义1.(2021·浙江卷1月)Onlyhumansandchimps,shesaid,hadasystemofcommunicationwheretheydeliberatelysentamessagetoanothergroupmember. n.系统2.(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces. v.把……视为3.(2021·全国甲卷)Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius. n.象征Ⅱ.一词多义1.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Manypeoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson'smakeupthatcannotbemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.” BA.n.角色B.n.性格C.n.符号D.n.文字E.n.特点2.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis. DA.adj.最优秀的 B.adj.传统的C.adj.典型的 D.adj.经典的Ⅲ.完成句子1.(2021·浙江卷1月写作)Foryourvisithere,wehavearrangedavarietyofactivities．为了您的来访，我们已安排各种各样的活动。2.(2020·北京卷写作)Throughsuchanunforgettableexperience,Istronglybelievethatthemoreweareawareofthesignificanceofthisfamoussaying,themorebenefitswewillgetinourdailystudyandjob.通过这样一个难忘的经历，我坚信，我们越意识到这句名言的意义，我们将在我们的日常学习和工作中得到越多的好处。3.(2019·北京卷写作)Ihopethesesuggestionsabovewillbeofsomehelptoyou.PerhapswecanmeetinBeijing.我希望以上这些建议能对你有所帮助。也许我们可以在北京见面。4.(2018·北京卷写作)Fromnowon,youshouldprepareyourselfforyourfuture,struggleforyourdreamandyouwillgettheofferfromBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversity.从现在起，你应该为你的未来做准备，为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。5.(2018·天津卷写作)WhatIwanttostressisthatsomenewmembersareindemandinourgroup.我想强调的是，我们队需要一些新成员。Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Astimegoesby,Ihavechangedmyattitude(态度)andIeventhinksheislovely.2.Despite(尽管)allthesediscouragements,sherefusedtogiveup.3.Whatisthespecific(具体的)aimsinceyouareworkingsohard?4.Therearetwomainlydifferentpoliticalpartiesplayinganimportantpartinthestateaffairs(公共事务)inthiscountry.5.PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuildupone'sstreng