新编大学英语

BookThreeUnit1MythsandLegendsTeachingAims:Inthisunitstudentsarerequiredto:gettoknowsomeusefulinformationconcerningthetopicofthereadingpassagesinthisunitandtoknowmoreaboutEnglishculture;dosomepreparationactivitiessuchasdiscussion,groupwork,etc.topracticetheirspokenskillandcommunicativeskills;graspsomenewwordsandtrytousethesewordswhichhelpthemtoenrichtheirvocabulary;4）readthein-classreadingpassageinalimitedtimeandgraspsomeexpressionsandgrammaticalpointsinthein-classreadingpassagetoimprovetheirreadingcomprehension;dosomepost-readingexercisesandsomeafter-classreadingtopracticewhattheyhavegottoknowinclasstoimprovetheirEnglishcomprehensiveskills.;translatesometypicalsentencesintoChineseorEnglishbyusingsomeexpressionslearnedinthereadingpassagestoacquiresometranslatingskillsandbettertheirtranslatingabilities.UsefulInformationInordertounderstandtheworldaroundthem,virtuallyallearlyculturesdevelopedmythsthatexplainedvariousaspectsoflifeandmysteriesofnature.Animals,plantsandpeoplebothimaginaryandrealwereoftenattributedwithspecialpowersthatgavethemaspiritualsignificance.InancientChina,forexample,thephoenix（凤凰）,thedragon,theunicorn（独角兽）andthetortoisewereregardedassacredcreaturesthatsymbolizedvariouscharacteristicsincludingwisdom,longevity,indestructibility（不可毁火）andpower.TheancientGreeksdevelopedacomplexsystemofmythsrelatedtohundredsofgodsandgoddessesthatweresaidtocontrolthefateofallmenandwomen.Whethermythsbecamepartofanestablishedreligionornot,theywerealwaysincorporatedintostoriesthatcouldbetoldandretoldascaptivatingexplanationsofnaturalandsupernaturalevents.Andassuchtheybecameculturaltreasuresthateducatedandunitedpeoplearoundcommonbeliefs.Althoughthelinebetweenmythandlegendisoftenblurred（变得模糊），mythstendtofocusonsuperhumananimalsandgods,whereaslegendsglorifyaherooragreateventandusuallycontainanelementoftruth.Likemyths,legendsbecamepopularstorieshandeddownfromgenerationtogenerationInallcultures,story-tellingwasawayoftransmittingbeliefs,customs,andmoralprinciplestopeopleofallageswhocoldneitherreadnorwrite.Story-tellingwasalsoanimportantformofentertainmentatthelevelofthefamilyandthevillage.Withtheadvent（appearance/coming）ofradioandtelevision,however,story-tellinghaveallbutdisappeared.Insteadofgatheringaroundanindividualcapableofrememberingallkindsofwonderfulandamusingtales,peoplenowprefertositinfrontofaTVset.Itismainlyintheirwrittenformthatwecanstillenjoytraditionalmyths,legends,fablesandfolktales.Inreadingstoriesfromdifferentcultures,wecandiscoversomeoftheuniversal（普遍的）characteristicsofhumankind.Thetrickster（骗子,恶作剧的精灵），forinstance,isaclever,deceitfulandgreedyindividualwhoinspiresadmirationbutwhomustbetaughtalesson.Insomeculturesheappearsasamonkey,inothersatortoiseoraraven（渡鸦）。Or,totakeanotherexample,folktalesfromallovertheworldhaveshownthatthekindestandmostcompassionate（结伴的,同伴的）personisnotnecessarilybeautiful.Irrespective（不芍虑,不问的,不顾的）oftheirorigin,traditionalstoriesoftenpresentuniversaltruthsinasimplebuteloquent（有说服カ的）way.ChineseFablesThreeatDuskandFouratDawnInthestateofSongtherewasamanwhowasveryfondofmonkeysandkeptalargenumberofthem.Hecouldunderstandthemonkeysandtheycouldunderstandhim.Inordertosatisfythemonkeys'demands,hereducedthefoodconsumptionofhisfamily.Afterawhilehisfamilydidnothaveenoughtoeat,sohewantedtolimitthefoodformonkeys.Buthewasafraidthemonkeyswouldnotsubmittohim.Soheplayedatrickonthem.“IfIgiveyouthreechestnutsinthemorningandfourintheevening,wouldthatbeenough?"hwaskedthemonkeys.Allthemonkeysroseupingreatanger.Afterashorttimehesaid,"IfIgivefourchestnutsinthemorningandthreeintheevening,wouldthatbeenough?"Allthemonkeyslayonthefloor,happyandsatisfiedwiththisproposal.HisSpearagainstHisShieldInthestateofChutherewasamanwhohadaspearandashieldforsale.Hewasloudinpraisesofhisshield."Myshieldissostrongthatnothingcanpierceitthrough."Healsosangpraisesofhisspear."Myspearissostrongthatitcanpiercethroughanything."“Whatwouldhappen,"hewasasked,"ifyourspearisusedtopierceyourshield?"Hewasunabletogiveananswer.Itisimpossibleforanimpenetrable（刺不穿的）shieldtocoexistwithaspearthatfindsnothingimpenetrable.ILPassage-ReadingActivitiesFinishingreadingthepassagewithin16minutes,andpointoutthemainideaofthepassage.Fillingtheblanksinthereadingcomprehensionexercises.LanguagePointstopreparesb./oneselftodosth./forsth.:toaccustomsb./oneselftosomenewidea,eventorcondition•Prepareyourselfforashock.•Hepreparedhimselftoacceptdefeat.>topreparefor:getormakeready/toputsth.inaconditionreadyforuseorforapurpose•Pleasepreparethetablefordinner.•Willyouhelpmepreparefortheparty?>tobepreparedtodosth./forsth.:tobewillingtodo•Howmuchareyoupreparedtopay?•Theyarepreparedfortheworst.toescapeCone'snotice):tobeunnoticedorforgottenby•HowtheyescapeournoticeIcannotsay?•Heisveryobservant(善于观察的,留心的)；nothingescapeshisnotice.•Iamafraidyournameescapesme.>toescapesth/doing:avoid(asatedevil)•Henarrowly(onlyjust)escapeddeath/punishment.•Thereisnowaytoescapedoingthework.•Bytakingbackwayheescapedbeingseen.Atthe(very/mere)thought(ofsth):onthinking;justthinkingaboutsth想至リ…时:只要一想起…就e.g.Tearsfilledhereyesatthethoughtthatshemightneverseehimagain.Atthethoughtofseeingyouagain,Iwasdelighted.Theverythoughtofstrawberriesandcreammakesmymouthwater.>onsecondthoughts:afterfurtherconsideration经过再三思考OnsecondthoughtshedecidedtostayinEngland.OnsecondthoughtsIaminclinedtoagreewithyou.>togive(a)thoughttosth.:tothinkaboutbeforedeciding思考,想过Givethemattercarefulthought.Toolittlethoughthasbeengiventohisdifficultproblem.>(tobe)indeepthought/deepinthought在沉思中,沉思着Hesatthere,deepinthought.Hewasdeepinthought/indeepthought.Hewalkedslowlybacktowardsthesiteindeepthought.Well-meaning:well-intentioned善意的,好心的•Awell-meaningbuttactlessperson好心而不善应付之人•well-advised深思熟虑的•well-bred有教养的•well-foundedorwell-grounded有充分理由的•well-informed博学的,见识广的•well-knowntomaketroublefore.g.Sheisalwaysmakingtroubleforherfriends.>toask/lookfortroubleWhatmadeyouwritesuchaletter?Itwasaskingtrouble.•tobeintrouble:tobeindifficulty•togetintotrouble•otrouble>totaketroubleover在...下功夫;做出努力•Youshouldtaketroubleoveryourwork.>totaketroubletodosth,羨心做…•Pleasetaketroubletoreadthecontractthoroughly.>tohavetrouble/difficultyindoingsth.•tofishintroubledwater浑水摸鱼•Theylovetofishintroubledwater*.>totroubleone'sheadabout为...烦心•Marynevertroubleherheadaboutthesethings.•totroubleoneselfabout为…费事,为…担心•Theyceasedtotroublethemselvesabouthim.•WhyshouldItroublemyselfabouthim?troublemakern.troublesomeadj.:causingtroubleoranxiety;annoying;difficulttohandle•IamafraidIamaskingyouanumberoftroublesomequestions.•Beingshortofmoneyisabittroublesomebutwe'lldowhatwecan.•Nevertroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.torestassured:tobecertain请放心Iassureyouthatthismedicinecannotharmyou.Heassuredusofhisabilitytowork.toreston/upon:dependon;bebasedon依晶,寄托在Onethingrestsonanotherifitdependsonit.Mywholeargumentrestsonthefactthatsheneverintendedtodoit.Hisfamerestsonhisplaysmorethanhisnovels.Ourhopesrestonyou.toreston/upon:toleanon;besupportedbyHerhandsrestedlightlyuponhisshoulder.Thebridgerestsonstoneaches.toreston:(ofsightortheeyes)tobedirectedon;fallonHiseyesrestedonthepeacefulvalleybelow.torestwith:tobetheresponsibilityof由…决定,得靠...Thechoicerestswithyou.Itrestswithyoutomakethedecision.Thefateoftheseprisonersrestswithjudge.tospeakfor:toexpressthethoughts,opinionsetc.ofapowergroupwithnoonetospeakforthemWhatothersthinkIdon'tknow;Icanonlyspeakformyself.Youspeakforotherpeoplewhenyouexpresstheiropinionforthem.tospeakfor:tobeawitnessof;saythingsabout;giveideaof替/给...讲话,讲话表示赞成Ihopeyouwillspeakforhim.Ishouldliketospeakfortheboybeforeyoupunishhim.tospeakforitself/themselves:toneednofurtherexplanation本身就说明问题•Somethingspeaksitselfifithasanobviousmeaningorsignificanceanddoesn'tneedtobeexplained.Thereisnoneedformetocommendhisaction:itspeaksforitself.Lookatthefactsanddecide:theyspeakforthemselves.Ihardlyneedtotellyouwhathashappened;thecircumstancesspeakforthemselves.tofillout:togetfatter•Thethinchildgraduallyfilledoutashegrewolder.•Hisfaceisbeginningtofillout.>tofillout:(AmeE):tofillin•Thepolicemanfilledoutareportoftheaccident.•AfterTompassedhisdrivingtesthefilledoutanapplicationforhisdriver'slicense.tochoosetodo:todecidetodo宁愿,偏要,决定…•Hechosenottogohomeuntillater.•Youchoosetodosomethingwhenyoudecidetodoit.•Ifyouchoosetoignoremywarning,I'mafraidIcan'tberesponsiblefortheconsequences.•Hechosetobecomeadoctor.•Youcanmakeitverydifficultformetospeaktoyouifyouchoosetomisunderstandme.•It'snotmybusiness;howshechoosestolive.•cannot(choose/help)butdo:mustdo•Icannot(help/choose)butadmitthetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheyaregoagainstmyinterests.•Wecouldnotbutweepatthebadnews.•Hecannotchoosebutobey.•Thereislittle(notmuch/nothing)tochoosebetween:theyareverymuchalike.大家ノ两者不相上下•Whenyousaythatthereisnothingtochoosebetweentwoormorethingsyoumeanthatitisdifficulttodecidewhichisbetterbecausetheyareaboutthesame.•FrankandJulietarebothhighlysuitablecandidates;infact,thereisnotmuchtochoosebetweenthem.onanemptystomach•onafullstomach•Nobodycanworkonanemptystomach.•Itisdifficulttorunquicklyonafullstomach.•tohavethestomachforsth.•Ifyousayyouhavethestomachforsomethingunpleasant,youmeanyouhaveenoughcourageordeterminationtodoorfaceit.>tohavenostomachfor不喜欢,不赞成•Ihavenostomachfortheviolentmovies.•Ihavenostomachfortheheavyfood.Post-ReadingActivitiesFindingtheBestSummaryEkwefiistellingastoryaboutTortoise.Longlongago,therewasafamine,andthebirdsgotaninvitationfromtheskytoattendafeastthere.Tortoiselearnedaboutitandwithhissweettonguehepersuadedthebirdstotakehimwiththemandsoeachbirdlenthimafeather.Tortoisecunninglythoughtofanideathatenabledhimtohaveallthefoodbynaminghimself“Allofyou”.Whentheyreachedthesky,theyreceivedawarmwelcomeandsoonthefoodwaspresentedtothem.Thenheaskedoneofthepeopleinthesky,"Forwhomhaveyoupreparedallthisfeast?"Themanreplied"Forallofyou."Soheatealmostallthebestfood.Thebirdsbecameveryangryandtookbacktheirfeathersbeforeflyinghome.Withoutfeathers,hehadtojumpontothegroundandhisshellwasbrokenintopieces.QuestionsDoyouadmireTortoiseforhisclevernessordoyousympathizewithallthebirds?Idon'tadmireTortoise'scleverness.Hewasunwisetocheatallthebirds.Afterhismischief(伤害),howcouldhehavefacetolivetogetherwiththemanylonger?Hewouldhavenofriendsatall.Hewasclever,butatthesametimehewasalsostupid.Whenallthebirdsbecamesoangry,howcouldhehavetrustedParrot?Heshouldhavejumpedtheseatoavoidbeinghurt.Isympathizewiththebirds.TheytookTortoiseoutofkindness,butafterflyingsuchalongdistance,theyhadtoflybackhomeonanemptystomach.Theywereformallyinvited,butthefoodwaseatenbyTortoise.Ithinkthebirdswereveryunlucky.Whatdoyouthinkisthemoralofthestory?IlearnedfromthestorythatA）weshouldbehonest,andshouldn'tcheatothers.Ifwecheatothers,wewillbepunishedintheend;weshouldn'tbecarriedawaybysweetwords,likethebirds;aleopardcan'tchangeitsspots,norcanTortoise.Hewascunning,hecouldneverchangehispersonalityandbehavehimself.Whatisthemoralof"BeautyandtheBeast?”A.•一-Virtuewillberewarded.Forexample,Beautyisakind-heartedandpious（孝顺的）girl.Shelovesherfather,andsheiswillingtosacrificeherselfforthefather.Finallysheisrewardedwithahappymarriage.Ontheotherhand,theevilsistersarepunishedbythefairy（小妖精,仙女）.TheybecometwostatuesbuthavetoobserveBeauty'shappinesspainfully.B.・・・Agoodheartismoreimportantthanappearance.AlthoughtheBeastisveryugly,helovesBeautyandhasakindheart.IntheendhewinstheheartofBeautyandthespell（咒语）isbrokenbyBeauty'slove.Whatisthemoralof"TheMonkeyKing"?A.——Nothingcanbegainedwithoutanyeffortorhardship.Ifyouwanttosucceedormakeachievements,youhavetofaceandovercomedifficulties,orevengreatdangers.Tangseng,Monkeyandothershadgonethrougheightyonegreatdangersorhardshipsbeforetheyobtainedtheauthentic（可靠的,可信的,权威的）versionoftheBuddha'steachings.B,一一Aperson'sstrength,skillsandjudgmentsaretheguaranteeofsuccess.WithoutMonkeyKing,Tangsengcouldn'thavefetchedtheBuddha'steachings.UnlikeTangseng'sotherfollowers,Monkeydevelopedhismartial（兀リ巾）artsandskillsandbecamesostrongthatalmostnoonecoulddefeathim.FurtherDevelopmentListasmanyconnectorsTimeandplace:after,before,during,lateron,meanwhile,next,first,second,earlier,immediately,soon,still,when,while,as,where,thenComparisonandcontrast:as...as,similarly,likewise,but,notso...as,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,incontrast,ratherthanAddition:and,inadditionto,furthermore,moreover,too,alsoCauseandeffect:because（of）,dueto（thefactthat）,asaresult,therefore,accordingly（因此,从而）,so,consequently（因而,所以）,thus,hence,since,as,owingtoPurpose:sothat,inorderto/that,soastoConditionandconcession:if,despite,although,though,eventhough,inspiteof,however,nevertheless,nonetheless（=nevertheless）,yet,allthesameSummaryandrestatement:inshort,inaword,inbrief,inconclusion,onthewhole,generally,altogether,inall,inthefinalanalysis,inotherwords,finallyOthers:notonly...butalso,either...or,neither...nor,so...that,such...that,soas...toWritingYouhavetalkedmuchaboutmyths,legendsandstoriesinthisunit.Nowwriteacomposition,whichcanbeamyth,alegendorastory.Remembertouseconnectorsandgiveavividnarration.Sample:StoporSlow?Asoneapproachessomecrossroads,onecomestoasignwhichsaysthatdrivershavetostopwhentheycometothemainroadahead.Atothercross-roads,drivershavetogoslowly,buttheydonotactuallyhavetostop(unless,ofcourse,thereissomethingcomingalongtheroad);andatstillothers,theydonothaveeithertostoportogoslowly,becausetheyarethemselvesonthemainroad.Mr.Williams,whowasalwaysaverycarefuldriver,wasdrivinghomefromworkoneeveningwhenhecametoacross-roads,Ithada"slow"sign,soheslowedwhenhecametothemainroad,lookedbothwaystoseethatnothingwascoming,adthendroveacrosswithoutstoppingcompletely.Atonceheheardapolicewhistle,sohepulledontothesideoftheroadandstopped.Apolicemanwalkedovertohimwithanotebookandpencilinhishandandsaid,"Youdidn'tstopatthatcrossing.""Butthesigntheredoesn'tsay'stop'",answeredMr.Williams."Itjustsays'slow',andIdidgoslowly."Thepolicemanlookedaroundhim,andalookofsurprisecameoverhisface.Thenheputhisnotebookandpencilaway,scratchedhisheadandsaid,"Well,I'llbeblowed(该死的)！Iaminthewrongstreet!"Unit2MannersTeachingAims:Inthisunitstudentsarerequiredto:gettoknowsomeusefulinformationconcerningthetopicofthereadingpassagesinthisunitandtoknowmoreaboutEnglishculture;dosomepreparationactivitiessuchasdiscussion,groupwork,etc.topracticetheirspokenskillandcommunicativeskills;graspsomenewwordsandtrytousethesewordswhichhelpthemtoenrichtheirvocabulary;4)readthein-classreadingpassageinalimitedtimeandgraspsomeexpressionsandgrammaticalpointsinthein-classreadingpassagetoimprovetheirreadingcomprehension;dosomepost-readingexercisesandsomeafter-classreadingtopracticewhattheyhavegottoknowinclasstoimprovetheirEnglishcomprehensiveskills.;translatesometypicalsentencesintoChineseorEnglishbyusingsomeexpressionslearnedinthereadingpassagestoacquiresometranslatingskillsandbettertheirtranslatingabilities.I.PreparationWhatWouldYouSay?Samples1) —Whatabeautifulring!Iloveit!--Well,Ilikeitverymuch,butIcan'tacceptitbecauseitistooexpensive.—Thankyouverymuch,butIcan'tacceptitbecauseI'mmarried.-Ilikethisring,butit'sgold-plated.Iwantarealgoldone.—Thisisanicering,butyoumeanmoretomethananythingelse.2)—Thankyouverymuch.Ihaveagiftforyou,too.—Ilikeitverymuch,butIlikeyoumore.-Ilikeitverymuch.Wouldyouputitonmyfinger?—Itisabeautifulgift.Itmusthavecostyouafortune.-Thankyouverymuch.Butyoureallyshouldn'thaveboughtsuchanexpensivegift.WhoseFaultIsIt?SamplesSituation1Aboutgratitudeandmodesty—Ithinkthatit'stheapplicant'sfault.Heistoomodest.IfIweretheapplicant,Iwouldsay:"Thankyouverymuch.Iwilldomybest."Modestyisnotapplicableinallsituations.IfIweretheapplicant,Iwillshowyouthatyouhavemadeawisedecision."Ithinkthatoneneedstobeconfidentinthistype〇fsituation.IfIweretheapplicant,Iwouldsaygoodbyeandtakemyleave.—Ithinkthatit'sthemanager'sfault.TheapplicantismostlikelyChineseandwhathedidisanexampleoftypicalChinesemodesty.ThemanagedoesnotseemtoknowmuchaboutChineseculture.IfIwerethemanager,Iwouldchangemymind.Situation2Aboutbeingembarrassed—Ithinkthatit'sZhang'sfault.Heshouldn'thaveeatenallthechicken.IfIwereinhissituation,Iwouldn'thavedoneso.IfIhadeatenallthechickenandrealizedtheproblem,IwouldhavetakentheboysoutforsomefriedchickenatMcDonald's.—Ithinkthatit'sMrs.Johnson'sfault.Sheshouldhavepreparedmore.—Ithinkthatit'stheboys'fault.Theyshouldhavebehavedthemselvesinthepresenceofaguest.—Ithinkthatit'snobody'sfault.Theboysweretooyoungtoknowhowtobehavewellinthepresenceofaguest,anditwasallrightforZhangtoeatupallthechickenafterbeinginvitedtodoso.AsforMrs.Johnson,shedidn'texpectZhangtoeatsomuchsinceitwasonlyasnack.Situation3Aboutsomeinkonone'sface—Ithinkthatit'sTom'sfault.Heshouldn'thavebeensostraightforwardandsaidthisinclass.—Ithinkthatit'stheteacher'sfault,becausewhatTomsaidwas,afterall,forhergood.IfIwereinthesamesituation,Iwould:—telltheteacherafterclass.—writeanotetotheteachertotellheraboutit.—waituntiltheteachercomesclosetome.-keepsilent.ILListening-CenteredActivities7.Guestsshouldarriveontimeorabout10or15minuteslatebecauseAmericansexpectpromptness.InChina,peopleusuallyarriveseveralminutesearly.InChina,peopleusuallybringwine,flowerstothehost/hostess,ortoys,candy,etc.forchildren.InAmerica,flowers,candyandattractiveitemsmadeinone'snativecountryareconsideredappropriate.InAmerica.Theguestshouldn7makeafussaboutittwhileinChina,theguestneversayshe/shedoesn'tlikeit,andsometimespretendstoenjoyit.Whenthehost/hostessseemstobetiredandrunningoutofthingstosay.Listening-CenteredActivities1.tolerant4.really7.soup10.standing2.trouble 3.annoyed5.creates 6.soap8.admit 9.rude11.stupid 12.Conversation13.youaretalkingaboutthemorsayingsth.Youdon'twantthemtohear.14.TranslateforyourAmericanfriendssotheydon'tfeelleftoutWordsannoybotherirritate“使恼怒”或“使烦恼”annoy由于干扰、不顺利或受不了某种外界情况等而“使烦恼、懊恼”e.g.Iwasannoyedbyhisbadmanners.他的无礼使我恼怒。bother不停地“扰乱，"麻烦'使人不能安宁,而产生烦恼的心理。e.g.Pardonmeforbotheringyouwithsuchasmallmatter,请原谅我为这点小事麻烦你。irritate表示“恼怒”、“不耐烦”的意思,比annoy更为强烈,着重指ー种暂时或短期的“恼怒”e.g.Hisexplanationirritatedusall.他的解释使我们都恼火了。complimentcomplemente.g.Theygaveusacomplimentonourbeautifullysettable•他们对我们这张漂亮的桌子表示赞许。complemente.g.Theantiquesilverwasacomplementtothebeautifullysettable.西e上这个古银器,这套美丽的桌子就完美无缺了。Twodiscussionsfromdifferentpointsofviewmaycomplementeachother,不同观点的两种讨论可以彼此互相参证。wordsforcomplimentfishforcomplimentsgive/make/pay/present/sendmycomplimentstomake/ocomplimentsb.oncomplimentsb.outofsth.III.Reading-CenteredActivitiesEnrichingyourwordpowerplace dish breakencounter poll lecture schoolshift advance strike beamfocus label showstride zoom castapproachPre-ReadingActivitiesDirections:Workinsmallgroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions♦Whenyouwereachild,whatmannersdidyourparentsteachyou?♦HaveyounoticedanychangesinmannersinChina?Giveexamplestoexplainyouranswer.♦TheIntroductionoftheTextInthe18lhand19由centuries,goodmannerswerecommonlyconsideredasanimportantfactortomeasureone'ssocialstatus.Peoplebelongingtotheupperclasswereallproudoftheircourtesy.Butwiththesocialdevelopment,inthiscivilizedworld,moreandmorepeopleneglectgoodmannersforvariousreasons.Theauthorprovidessomeevidence,evenbytakinganexampleofahomelessmantoillustratehispoint.Attheendofthearticle,theauthorputsforwardthatgoodmannersareofvitalimportanceforpeopletoeasetheireverydaystressandcreateamorebeautifulworld.Soit'stimeforpeopletoactquicklyandadoptgoodmanners.3.LanguagePointsmanner:wayinwhichathingisdoneorhappensHespokeslowlyinacuriousmanner.ShelivedandentertainedintheFrenchmanner.manner:person'swayofbehavingtowardsothersHehadanabsent-mindedmanner.Hismannerwasslightlyaggressive,butyoumustn'tmind,manners:(polite)socialpracticesorhabitsネ1貌,规矩Peoplewhohavegoodmannersarepoliteandconsideratetoothers.Mindyourmanners.manners:socialbehavior;waysofliving(esp.ofanationorgroupofpeople)风俗,习惯,生活方式ShehaswrittenabookonthemannersandcustomsoftheancientEgyptians.tobuzzwith:tomakeorfilledwithalowconfusedwhispere.g.Theroom'scrowdbuzzedwithexcitement.togatherup:collectorpickThechildgathereduphistoysandputthemaway.Igatheredupmyfewthingsandleft.>togatherin:toharvestThisenabledustogatherinthesummercropsintime.>togathertogetherTheygatheredtogethertheirbelongingsandsetoff.tostepaside:letanotherpersontakeone'splaceIsteppedasidesothatshemightgoin.Wouldyoumindsteppingasidetoletthisladyoffthebus?>tostepin:toenterahouse/agreement;aplan...betweenotherpeoplebysayingordoingsth.Fathersteppedinandforbademetogocamping.SeeingthatIwaslostforanswer,Johnsteppedintosavethesituation.>step-step-brotherstep-sisterstep-sonstep-daughterstep-father/mothertohelpout:togivehelpatatimeofneedtosbWouldyoupleasehelpmeoutwiththismathproblem?Herrelativeshelpedoutwhenshebecameill.Whatstruckmeaboutthisencounterwasnotthewealthiermanhelpingoutthelessfortunateone.这ー偶然碰见的事件使我感到触动的,并不是那为富有的人帮助了以为不信的人。nodoubt:veryprobably,certainlyNodoubtyoucanthinkofothersthatappealtoyou.NodoubtIlearnedalotfromthelecture.Thereisnodoubtthatheisguilty.indoubt:inaconditionofuncertaintyWhenindoubtaboutthemeaningofaword,consultadictionary.without(a)doubt毫无疑问,一定地(比nodoubt更强调)Withoutdoubtyouhavebeenworkingveryhard.Don'tworry:he'llcomebackwithoutdoubt.todishup:toput(food)intodishes,readytobeeatenHelpmetodishupthevegetables.Atodishup:toproduce(facts/arguments)Hedishedupalotofusefulfactsandfigures.>todishout:handoutMostofhislessonsconsistedofdishingoutnotestohispupils.ThatteacherdishedoutsomuchhomeworkthatherpupilscomplainedtotheirparentsIbeteveryonetherewouldhaveconsideredthemselvesashavingmoremannersthanapersonwholivesonthestreets.我敢保证那儿的每ー个人都会认为自己要比在街上流浪生活的人更懂礼貌。toconsidertoconsider+sth♦ThenIsatdownbythefiretoconsidermyopinion.toconsider4-04-adv♦Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?(Haveyouconsideredhowyoucouldgetthere?)toconsider+O+(tobe)4-adj♦Yousurelycan'tconsiderhimtobeaselfishman.Iconsiderthattobeimportant.Iconsideritashame.Doyouconsideritwisetodothat?toconsider4-04-NTheyconsideredParisthebrainandheartofthecountry.toconsider4-04-ppEveryoneconsidereditgreatlyimproved.toconsider4-04-asPatternpractice,then,muststillbeconsideredasanessentialfeatureoflanguageteachingandlearning.D)toconsiderdoingMarkconsidereddroppinghismedicalcourseandspecializinginmaths.well-mannered(有礼貌的，举止得体的)well-ppWell-advised明智的ノ经周密考虑的,well-appointed设备完善的,well-balanced匀称的,均衡的,well-behaved品行端正的,有礼貌的,well-beloved尊敬的,深受热爱的,well-born出身高贵的,出身名门的,well-bred教育良好的,良种的,well-chosen精选的,恰当的,well-conditioned性情好的品行好的,健全的,well-conducted品行端正的,well-done干得好的,well-dressed穿的横体面的,well-founded/grounded基础牢固的:有充分根据的,理由充足的,well-intentioned善意的,好心的,well-judged判断正确的,适时的,well-made做エ考究的,样子好的,匀称的,well-paid髙工资的,报酬优厚的,well-preserved保养的很好的,well-tempered脾气好的,经过训练的,well-timed时机选的好的acknowledge:A)admitHerefusedtoacknowledgedefeat.Theyacknowledgedthemselves(tobe)defeated.reportthatonehasreceived♦Wemustacknowledgehisletter.expressthanksforWemustnotfailtoacknowledgehisservicestothetown.Hislongservicewiththecompanywasacknowledgedwithapresent.D)*toshowthatonerecognizessbasbysmiling,orwavingMysonwalkedrightpastmewithoutevenacknowledgingme