2023版高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit4JourneyAcrossAVastLand课件新人教版选择性必修第二册

UNIT4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLAND核心单词阅读词汇1.airlinen.航空公司2.bayn.(海或湖的)湾3.antiquen.古物；古董adj.古老的；古董的4.peakn.顶峰；山峰；尖形5.goatn.山羊6.grizzlybearn.灰熊7.malln.购物商场；购物广场8.prairien.北美草原9.quarryn.采石场10.idiomn.习语；成语adv.在旁边11.alongsideprep.在……旁边；与……一起12.duskn.黄昏；傍晚14.coherentadj.有条理的；清楚易懂的13.cobblestoneadj.铺有鹅卵石的

高频词汇1.________vi.起身；出现；由……引起2.________adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会3.________adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的4.___________adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的n.壮丽场面；精彩的表演ariseboundawesomespectacular5.________n.束；串；捆6.________n.窗帘bunchcurtainborder7.________n.国界；边界(地区)harbour/harborcontraryanyhow8._____________n.(海)港；港口9._________adj.相反的；相对立的n.相反的事实(或事情)10.__________adv.(结束交谈或转移话题时)不过；反正11.________vi.行进；继续做12.________n.口音proceedaccenttoastvt.为……干杯

13.________n.烤面包片；吐司；干杯vi.烤(尤其面包)

拓展词汇1.craftn.手艺；工艺；技艺→________adj.灵巧的；狡猾的→__________n.工匠；手艺人；技工craftycraftsman2.________adj.令人愉快的；友好的→pleasuren.高兴；快乐→________adj.高兴的；开心的pleasantpleased3.massn.大量；块；团→________adj.巨大的；非常严重的4.literaladj.逐字的→__________adv.字面上；真正地→____________n.文学massiveliterallyliterature5._______n.呼吸的空气→breathev.呼吸→_________adj.气喘吁吁的breathbreathless6.scenen.现场；情景；景色→__________adj.风景优美的→__________n.风景；景色scenicscenery7.________n.最好或最精彩的部分vt.突出；强调；使醒目→highlightedadj.突出的highlightdrill8.________vi.&vt.钻(孔)；打(眼)n.钻(头)；训练；演习→drillableadj.可钻孔的；可操练的freezefrozen

9.________vi.&vt.结冰；(使)冻住→freezingadj.极冷的；冰冻的→________adj.冷冻的；吓呆的；惊呆的

10.____________vt.预料；预见；期望→___________anticipateanticipationn.预期；预料n.

11.________vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动雷声；轰隆声→thunderousadj.雷鸣般的；声音很大的12.________n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt.使蒙上霜vi.结霜→frostyadj.结霜的；严寒的；冷淡的thunderfrost13.duringprep.在……的时候→________n.持续时间；期间14.___________vi.&vt.(使)加入；注册；登记→enrolmentn.登记注册；入伍；入学的人数durationenroll/enrol15.________n.岸；滨→ashoreadv.在岸上adj.在岸上的；在陆上的→__________n.海(湖)岸线shoreshoreline

16.________vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishingadj.令人吃惊的→___________adj.吃惊的→____________n.吃惊；惊讶

17.________n.薄雾；水汽→mistyadj.多雾的；模糊的

18.steeln.钢；钢铁工业→________adj.钢铁般的；顽强的；冷酷的astonishastonishedastonishmentmist19.advertisementn.(informalad)广告；启事→____________v.宣传；(给……)做广告→___________n.登广告的人steely20.photographn.相片v.(给……)拍照→___________n.摄影师；拍照者→_____________n.摄影advertiseadvertiser21.________vt.欠(账、债、情等)→owingadj.欠着的；应付的；未付的(续表)photographerphotographyowe

联想积累【派生构词】1.advertise＋ment(动词＋名词后缀-ment＝同义名词)①astonish＋ment吃惊②amaze＋ment吃惊2.freeze＋ing(动词＋形容词后缀-ing＝形容词)①astonish＋ing吃惊的②fascinate(去e)＋ing迷人的3.literal＋ly(形容词＋副词后缀-ly＝副词)①final＋ly最后；终于②general＋ly普遍地；广泛地【合成构词】any＋how(形容词＋副词＝新副词)①any＋where无论何处②some＋how以某种方式；不知怎么地重点短语1.rather________而不是thantakeaway2.________sb.'sbreath________令人惊叹bunch3.a________of一束；一串；一群；大量4.contrary________相反的；相对立的to5.________tosth.进而做(参加)6.be____________todo吃惊于……proceed7.incontrast________与……相比；对照toto8.owesth.________sb.欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人astonished精选佳句教材原句arosepassingthrough

1.Thenextmorning,thetwogirls________earlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,__________________theCanadianRockies.第二天早上，两个女孩早早起床，坐火车去路易斯湖，穿过加拿大的落基山脉。

句式结构

句式1：本句中passingthroughtheCanadianRockies是现在分词短语在句中作状语教材原句freezingcoldwith

2.Edmontonis________________inwinter,________dailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃.冬天的埃德蒙顿非常寒冷，日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。

句式结构

句式2：with＋sth.＋doing，是with的复合结构教材原句Itwasthat

3.________________notuntil9：30a.m.________theyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.直到上午9点30分，她们才终于到达安大略省的首府多伦多。

句式结构

句式3：Itwasnotuntil＋被强调部分＋that...，是强调句型教材原句Shouldarise

4.________theopportunity________，I'dlovetogotoCanada.如果将来有机会，我很想去加拿大。

句式结构

句式4：Shouldtheopportunityarise是条件状语从句的倒装句，相当于Iftheopportunityshouldarise，是表示将来的虚拟语气

课文复现

LiDaiyuandhercousinLiuQianwenttoCanada1.________(visit)theircousinsinHalifaxontheAtlanticcoast.TheyflewtoVancouveron2.________Pacificcoastanddecidedtoadmirethe3.________(shore)ofLakeOntario.tovisittheshores

ThentheytookthetraintoLakeLouisewheretheysawbluewaterwhichliterallytook4.________(they)breathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.Later,thetrainrannorthtoJasper.Onthewaytheirtheyenjoyedthespectacularmountainpeaksandforests,seeingmanydifferentcreatures,5.________(include)deer,mountaingoatsandsoon.FromJasper,theycaughtthetraintowardsEdmonton,thecentreofCanada'shugeoilandgasdrillingindustry,6.________thereisalsooneofthelargestshoppingmallsinNorthAmerica.FromMontreal,incontrast7.________Toronto,theyheardpeopletalkinginFrench,whichwastruly8.___________(astonish).includingwheretoastonishingwereFinally

Afteranotherdayonthetrain,theyarrivedatWinnipeg.Thetrainthunderedonandtheyfoundthebushesandmapletreesoutsidetheirwindows9.________(be)red,goldandorange.10.________(final),theyreachedToronto.Allinall,theirtripfromVancouvertoTorontohadtakenadurationoffourdays.单句语法填空frozenarosebreathetofor

1.Thepipeshave________(freeze),sowe'vegotnowater. 2.He________(arise)atdawntocatchthefirstbus. 3.TheairwassothinthatIcouldhardly________(breath). 4.Thegovernmenthasdecidedthatthepublicationofthereportwouldbecontrary________thepublicinterest. 5.Itisstronglysuggestedthatyoutakeaplanebound________Paris.6.Whenit__________(thunder),aloudnoisecomesfromtheskyafteraflashoflightning.thunderspleasant/pleasing7.It'salways_________________(please)todowhatyou'regoodatdoing.anticipationadvertisementstorecruit

8.Thekingextendedtheperiodofthetrialin_____________(anticipate)ofobjectionsfromtheHarrisons'enemies. 9.Somecontemporary_______________(advertise)mainlyaimtomakecontributionstosociety. 10.Unfortunately,theyallowedhisnoticetoexpirewithoutfurtheractionandproceeded__________(recruit)newemployees.1.arisevi.(arose,arisen)起身；出现；由……引起

【原句】Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.(教材P38)第二天早上，两个女孩早早起床，坐火车去路易斯湖，穿过加拿大的落基山脉。【典例】①Severalnewindustriesaroseinthetown.城里出现了好几种新行业。②Thecivilwararosefromthesocialinjusticespresentinthecountry.内战是由国内现存的社会不公所引起的。【归纳】arisefrom由……引起；起因于ariseoutof起于单词过去式/分词词义例句arisearose/arisen不及物动词，意为“起身；出现；由……引起”Anewproblemhasarisen.一个新的问题出现了。riserose/risen不及物动词，意为“上升；升起；增长”Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东方升起。raiseraised/raised及物动词，意为“筹集；举起；提高；饲养；抚养”Heraisedhishandtoanswerthequestion.他举手回答问题。【辨析】arise,rise与raise

【拓展】

表示“由于；因为”的短语有：becauseof,thanksto,owingto,asaconsequenceof,dueto,onaccountof,asaresultof,resultfrom。

【即学即用】单句语法填空arose(1)HeavyMetalmusicreally_________(arise)inthelate60s.一句多译，每空一词outof

(2)当她冷静下来的时候，她察觉到了梦中许多场景是由前几天白天中的影像和想象所引发的。 →Whenshebecamecoolersheperceivedthatmanyofthephasesofthedreamhadnaturallyarisen________________theimagesandfanciesofthedaybefore.arisenfrom

→Whenshebecamecoolersheperceivedthatmanyofthephasesofthedreamhadnaturally________________theimagesandfanciesofthedaybefore.2.boundadj.准备前往(某地)；一定会

【原句】Theyspentthenight,andthentookacoachboundnorththroughtheCanadianRockiestoJasper.(教材P38)她们过了一夜，然后乘坐长途汽车，向北穿越加拿大的落基山脉，来到贾斯珀。

【典例】①Theyareboundtotaketimetoreadjustafteraholiday.他们肯定需要时间重新适应假期结束后的生活。②IboardedtheplaneboundforEngland.我登上了飞往英格兰的飞机。【归纳】beboundby受……约束；由……联系起来beboundtodosth.一定会做某事；有责任/有义务做某事boundfor...准备前往……【拓展】boundv.跳；弹回boundup跃上beboundup和……紧密联系【即学即用】bytopassfor

单句语法填空

(1)Youmaybetightlybound________dailyclasses,abundanthomeworkandfrequentexams. (2)Takeiteasy!Youarebound________(pass)theexam. (3)Theplanebound________theflood­strickenareacarriedmedicalandfood.boundtohappen完成句子，每空一词(4)有时候错误肯定会发生。Mistakesare________________________sometimes.

3.owevt.欠(账、债、情等)；归功于

【原句】That'stoobad.Youoweittoyourselvestostaylonger.(教材P44)那太糟糕了。你们应该多待一会儿。

【典例】 ①Shestillowesherfather￡3，000.＝Shestillowes￡3，000toherfather.她还欠她父亲3，000英镑。 ②Youoweittoyourselftogetsomeprofessionalhelp.你应该为了自己寻求专业人士的帮助。③So,whatdoweoweyouforallthisprogress？这样的治疗效果，我们该给你多少钱？【归纳】owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb.欠某人某物；把……归功于某人oweittosb.that...把……归功于某人oweittoyourselftodosth.自己应该做某事owefor欠……的钱【拓展】owingto由于；因为【即学即用】单句语法填空toOwingowesfor

(1)IknewthatIowedmylife__________thedoctorsandnurses. (2)___________(owe)tohisillness,Petercouldn'tkeepupwiththerestoftheclass.

完成句子，每空一词

(3)他去年夏天买东西欠的钱还未还呢！

Hestill________________whatheboughtlastsummer!1.takesb'sbreathaway令人惊叹【原句】Whenthetrainarrivedatthestation,theytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.(教材P38)火车抵达后，她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。【典例】

①Lifeisnotthemomentthatyoubreathe,lifeisthemomentthattakeyourbreathaway.生活的意义不是你活着，而是那些令你丝丝心动的时刻。

②Mothertookadeepbreathofsweetpineryairandgazedoutovertheglitteringlake.空气含着松树的芬芳，母亲深深地吸了一口气，看着波光晶耀的湖水。【拓展】takeadeepbreath深呼吸catchabreath喘口气outofbreath上气不接下气holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸【即学即用】单句语法填空away

(1)Truelovecansweepyouoffyourfeet.Lovecantakeyourbreath________.

完成句子，每空一词

(2)当我们气喘吁吁地到达车站时，火车已经离开一个小时了。outofbreath

Whenwegottothetrainstation______________________，thetrainhadleftforhalfanhour.2.contraryto相反的；相对立的

【原句】Well,contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,therearealotofvastandemptyspacesinChina,actually.(教材P43)事实上，与许多人所认为的相反，中国有很多空旷的地方。【典例】Contrarytopopularbelief,moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.与通常的看法相反，适度的运动事实上会降低食欲。【拓展】onthecontrary正相反；相反的是tobecontraryto违背；与……相反tothecontrary相反；与此相反quitethecontrary恰恰相反；正相反【即学即用】单句语法填空to(1)Contrary________whatIthought,hehasprovedtobesuccessful.Onthecontrary

完成句子，每空一词

(2)正相反，我们应该加强和他们的合作。

________________________，weshouldstrengthenourcooperationwiththem.(3)这些话她全听到了，却没有反驳，好在国王非常爱她，所以并不相信这些话。tothecontrary

Sheheardallthisandcouldsaynothing________________________，buttheKingwouldnotbelieveit,ceedtosth.进而做(参加)

【原句】...theyonlyhadafewhourstokillbeforetheyhadtoproceedtothenextlegoftheirtriptoMontreal...(教材P44)……离出发到下一站蒙特利尔前，她们只有几个小时的时间……【典例】①Iloveit.Let'sproceedwiththisplan.我喜欢。我们就照这计划进行吧。②Theywillproceedtobuildanotherlaboratorybuilding.他们将着手建造另一座实验大楼。【拓展】proceedagainst控告某人，控诉proceedwithsth.继续某事proceedtodosth.继续做某事proceedto...前去……【即学即用】单句语法填空withtotoexplain

(1)Idon'twanttodisturbyou;proceed________yourwork. (2)PassengersforParisshouldproceed________gate28forboarding. (3)Pleaseproceed______________(explain)ittousindetail.1.Edmontonisfreezingcoldinwinter,withdailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃.(教材P38)冬天的埃德蒙顿非常寒冷，日平均气温为零下10摄氏度。【剖析】

本句中withdailytemperaturesaveraging－10℃是with的复合结构。【典例】

①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D)Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.情商是对头脑和心灵的关注，可能有助于为我们指引正确的方向。②Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行车被偷了，她只好步行回家。

【注意】

复合结构作介词with

的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当。

【即学即用】单句语法填空leadingclosed

(1)Withtheboy________(lead)theway,theyeasilyfoundthehouse. (2)Theysattogetheraroundthetable,withthedoor________(close).

2.Itwasnotuntil9：30a.m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.(教材P39)直到上午9点30分，她们才终于到达安大略省的首府多伦多。【剖析】

本句中Itwasnotuntil9：30a.m.that...是一个强调句型，被强调的部分是时间状语until9：30a.m.。【典例】

Itwasnotuntiltheinventionofwebbrowserthatinternetbegantobepopular.直到发明了网页浏览器，因特网才开始流行起来。【注意】

对not...until...结构强调，要用Itis/wasnotuntil...that...这一固定句型。由于not已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。和not...until...的倒装句要分清。如：Notuntil11o'clocklastnightdidmyfatherreturn.(倒装句)【点津】

强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用Itwas，其余的时态用Itis。【即学即用】单句语法填空that(1)He'snotwillingtotellmewhatitis________istroublinghim.Itwasnotuntil句式改写，每空一词(2)Themanwasnotabletospeakuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed.that

→________________________________atleastthirtysecondshadpassed________themanwasabletospeak.(改为强调句)Notuntilwas

→________________atleastthirtysecondshadpassed________themanabletospeak.(改为倒装句)3.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecauseweweresotired.(教材P41)我们一到旅馆就上床睡觉了，因为我们太累了。【剖析】

本句使用了assoonas引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。【典例】①AssoonasIhadmadethefinaldecision,Ifeltalotmorerelaxed.我一作出最后的决定就感觉轻松多了。②OnarrivinginBeijing,hecalledmeup.他一到北京就给我打了电话。【注意】表示“一……

就……”的表达还有：on/upondoing...,immediately/directly/instantly,themoment/theminute/thesecond/theinstant。【即学即用】一句多译，每空一词immediately他一坐下就开始工作。(1)Hegotdowntobusiness_____________hesatatthedesk.(2)Hegotdowntobusiness___________________________hesatatthedesk.themoment/minute/instant(3)Hegotdowntobusiness________________________hesatatthedesk.assoonasOn/Uponsitting(4)_________________atthedesk,hegotdowntobusiness.【题目】假定你是英国的Smith,打算来中国旅行，请你给你的中国笔友李华写一封信，要点如下：1.你的旅行计划：北京——泰山——杭州；2.征求他的建议并询问他是否愿意充当你的导游。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：故宫theForbiddenCity;泰山MountTaiDearLiHua，______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，Smith参考范文：DearLiHua，I'mexcitedtopayavisittoChinanextmonth.Myarrangementsareasfollows.Firstofall,IplantovisitBeijing,thecapitalofChina,whereIamlookingfrowardtoenjoyingtheGreatWall,theForbiddenCityandsomebeautifulparks.ThenIintendtoproceedtoMountTaiinShandongProvince,whichIhavebeendreamingofvisitingsincemychildhood.Ican'twaittoenjoytheamazingscenerythere.Afterthat,IwillheadforHangzhou.Itissaidthatitisamoderncitywithnaturalsightswhichwilltakemybreathaway.I'veheardthattheWestLakeisawell-knowntouristattraction.Whatdoyouthinkofmyplan?WillyouactasmyguideandbereadytoofferhelpwheneverIneedit?Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely，Smith【步骤分解】应用文一般现在时和一般将来时★步