新视野大学英语综合技能训练第四册Unit10

Unit10PartIWritingA,四、六级作文记叙类模板（混合类:记叙+原因）.写作流程①给出时间、地点和大体事件。②描述事件,紧扣时间线索。③从两方面进行原因分析。.经典模版Outline:1.车祸发生的时间及地点。.你所见到的车祸情况。.你对车祸原因的分析。AnEye-WitnessAccountofaTrafficAccidentOnJune12,2003,1witnessedanaccidentonZhengliRoadonmywaytotheuniversity.Itwasaroundtwoo'clockintheafternoonandIwasridingmybicycle.HardlyhadIgottoamajorcrossroadswhenthegreentrafficlightflashed,soIstopped.Thetrafficlightsoonturnedred,butamiddle-agedman,alsoridingabicycle,passedmeonmyleftanddecidedtotakearisk.Tomysurprise,hewasfollowedbytwoorthreepeople.Itwasmostunluckyforthemanwhofirstrushedouttobehitbyataxirunningatfullspeed.Withaharshsoundoftheemergencybrake,thecarstoppedbutthemanfelldown,groaningandbleeding.Theredlightwasstillonatthatmoment.Inmyeyes,themajorresponsibilityforthisaccidentwasonthebicycle-rider.Itwasbecausehehadviolatedthetrafficregulationthattheaccidenttookplace.Thetaxidriverisalsotoblameifhehadsloweddownatthecrossroads,theconsequencewouldnothavebeenseriousatall.【结构点评】本文属于记叙文。大家只要扣紧提纲来写就可以了,先描述时间、地点、事件,这是记叙文的明显特征,而后解释其原因,这部分带有说明文的性质。本文共分三段:第一段点出事情发生的时间与地点,非常简洁,又呼应了题目。第二段第ー句点出具体时间和我正在做的事情（用过去进行时表示）,第二句是以否定词开头的倒装句。第三段是分析事件原因。B.范文AnEye-WitnessAccountofaFireOnSeptember21,2003,Iwitnessedafireaccidenton刀wngyanRoadonmywaytothesupermarket.Itwasaroundfiveo'clockintheafternoonandthewindwassostrong.HardlyhadIgottoamajorcrossroadswhenIheardpeopleshouting"fire,fire“，andIstopped.Atwo-storiedhouseacrossthestreetwasonfire,andIdialed119quickly.Thefirebrigadecameimmediatelyandbroughtthesituationundercontrolquickly.Thefirewasputouthalfanhourlater,andnoseriousdamagewasdone.Inmyeyes,themajorresponsibilityforthisaccidentwasnothuman-related.Itwasbecauseoftheaged-wirethattheaccidenttookplace.Theweatherisalsotoblame—ifthewindhadnotbeensostrong,theconsequencewouldnothavebeensoserious.PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）NewWordsandExpressionsaffiliate:v.adoptortake指（会社团体）收（人）为会员congregation:〃.集合,人群,尤指参加宗教仪式的会众denomination:〃.尤指给予阶级和教派的名称brochure:〃.小册子curriculum:〃.学校所开的课程tenure:〃.（官职之）保有laureate:〃.桂冠诗人prevailing:〃の.最常有的,最普通的，流行的perpetuate:v.preservefrombeingforgottenorfromgoingoutofuse使氷存，使不被遗忘dread…to:艮惧,害怕clergyman:〃.正式任命的牧师endowment:〃.捐助preeminent:。の.超群的,最好的,优秀的disciplinary:的.训练的,纪律的,惩罚的，学科的merger:〃.吞并,合并,联合组织vitalite:レ.给予生命力,赋予活力charter:レ.给予特权embark:レ.开始,从事【短文大意】本篇是说明文。主要介绍了哈佛大学的建立和早期发展历史,以及它的概况和地位。比如,美国有几位总统都毕业于哈佛,这就足以说明哈佛大学的重要性和它的地位。另外文中又提到哈佛的几位校长的主要功绩,让我们对哈佛有了更多的了解。.【答案与详解】N。细节题。根据本文“TheEarlyHistoryofHarvardUniversity”部分第二段:美国历史上有七位总统毕业于哈佛大学,但没有林肯,故不对。.【答案与详解】¥〇细节题。根据本文“TheEarlyHistoryofHarvardUniversityn部分第三段:JohnHarvard去世前把他的图书馆和一半的家产都留给了这个刚刚建立两年的学府,故称为哈佛学院。.【答案与详解】Yo细节题。根据"NewSchoolsandNewHouses”部分第•段第一句:"The1708electionofJohnLeverett,thefirstpresidentwhowasnotalsoaclergyman,markedaturningoftheCollegetowardintellectualindependencefromPurianism.”,可知JohnLeverett之所以能使HarvardCollege摆脱清教哲学的束缚就是因为他是该学府第一位不是牧师的校长。.【答案与详解】Y。主旨题。根据本文“NewSchoolsandNewHouses”部分第二段可知:Eliot在哈佛任职。根据第三段"ItwasunderEliofswatchthatRadcliffeCollegewasestablished.M可知:RadcliffeCollege是在他的任职期间建立的。根据第四段”...thefoundationofacollegeforwomentoPresidentEliot可知在Eliot任哈佛校长时,Radcliffe女子学院オ得以建立。.【答案与详解】No细节题。根据本文uNewSchoolsandNewHouses,＞部分第六段第一句:“OneofLowelPsmostsignificantaccomplishmentswastheHousePlan,whichprovidesundergraduateswithasmall-collegeatmospherewithinthelargeruniversity.可见:HousePlan是在Lowell在职期间取得的成就,而不是JamesBryantConant〇.【答案与详解】丫。细节题。根据本文“RecentHistory”部分第三段第一句:“SomeoftheimportanteducationalinitiativesBokundertookinclude:reformoftheundergraduatecourseofstudythroughtheinnovativeCoreCurriculum."，conducted与undertook是同义词替换。.【答案与详解】Y。细节题。根据本文“RecentHistory”部分第四段最后一句：为了促进校际间的交流NeilL.Rudenstine校长合并了RadcliffeCollege和Harvard,建立了RadcliffeInstituteofAdvancedStudy〇.【答案与详解】1636。根据本文“TheEarlyHistoryofHarvardUniversity”部分第一段第一句"HarvardUniversity,whichcelebratedits350thanniversaryin1986,istheoldestinstitutionofhigherlearningintheUnitedStates.可知HarvardUniversity建T*1636年,与1986年相距350年。.【答案与详解】tutorial。根据本文“NewSchoolsandNewHouses”部分第五段最后一句:“Thetutorialsystem,alsointroducedbyLowellandstilladistinctivefeatureofHarvardUniversity,offersundergraduatesinformalspecializedinstructionintheirfields.”,由Lowell弓I进的tutorialsystem依然是哈佛大学的特色,这种体制很灵活地给大学生们提供了专业上的指导。.【答案与详解】Conant〇根据本文“RecentHistory”部分第一段最后一句:"AnditwasunderConant,in1943,thatHarvardandRadcliffesignedanagreementallowingwomenstudentsintoHarvardclassroomsforthefirsttime.”，1943年，Harvard和Radcliffe在Conant的帮助下达成了协议,首次允许女性进入哈佛。PartIIIListeningComprehensionA.答案与详解SectionA.【答案与详解】Ao本题重点是听懂女士的话,她用到了虚拟语气,题眼是两个短语“inshape”（状态良好）和“intime”的理解,故A为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Do女士用到了表建议的常用句型“Whynot…”,关键为听懂“opening”空缺,即建议男士去咖啡厅做兼职,由此可知D为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Co解题关键是听懂“Ican'twaittillJohngetsback.”表明了女上一肚子怨气。由此可知C为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Ao解题关键是听懂“bestraightenedout”（解决），而且前面的“theremustbeaproblemwiththecomputingsystem也能帮助理解,由此可知A为正确答案。.【答案与详解】B。男士用到了表请求的典型句型“DoyouthinkIcould...”,题眼是“retype”，故B为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Ao本题题眼是“not…until…”,男士说他的课程要到8号才结束,因此旅行计划很可能要变化一下,由此可知A为正确答案。.【答案与详解】D。本题题眼是两个短语“closingdate”（开始日期）,与“openingdate”（结朿日期）,上周二开始申请,还有一个月时间,即现在申请并不晚,由此可知D为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Co本题题眼是短语“turnthingsaround”,这里男士是说污染状况会有所改善,由此可知C为正确答案。.【答案与详解】B。男士在回答女式提问时说到“itsellsmanydifferentkindsoffood”,诲B选项意义完全一致,由此可知B为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Ao男士在回答问题时说到“ItlookslikeanEgyptianbuildingfrom4,000yearsago”,所以A为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Do男士在对话中说“Harrodsproducesiビsownelectricity...70%...enoughforasmalltown”,与D项内容基本一致,故D为正确答案。.【答案与详解］Bo对话中当女士问“Howmanycustomersdoyouhaveonanaverageday?”，男士回答“About30,000peoplecomeonanaverageday”一致,由此可知B为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Co对话中男士说“ThelasttimeIsawyou,youwerelookingforajob”,这与C项“Thinkingaboutdoingadifferentjob”一致,故C为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Ao根据对话女士感到松一口气的原因是“It（apromotion）finallycamethroughM,可SLA为最佳选项。.【答案与详解】Bo当男士提到他正在筹备婚礼,女士对此表示很惊讶“No,yousaidyou，dnevergetmarriedn,所以男士改变永不结婚的决定令女士感到意外,由此可知B为正确答案。SectionBPassageOne【短文大意】本文主要介绍了一种新兴的水上交通工具一摩托艇。同时摩托艇的广泛使用也带来了一些问题,如不合理驾驶摩托艇所导致的伤亡事件及对周边水域环境的影响等。因此作者呼吁应进ー步明确摩托艇使用规则。.【答案与详解】Do本文开头提到了“Nowadays,speedy,colorfulwaterscootersaregaininginpopularity.Theycantravelanywhereasmallboatcanandparticularlypopularwithyoungpeople”，gaininginpopularity和popularwithyoungpeople都印证了D选项的内容。.【答案与详解】Ao文中提到“Manywaterscooteroperatorsareinexperiencedandignorantofnavigationalrules,whichincreasethepotentialforaccidents円见ulackofexperiencen是原因之一,由此可知A为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Bo5中擬リ“Inadditionto...theyareprovingtobeanenvironmentalnuisance.Beachresidentscomplainofthenoiseofthescooters”（摩托艇也危害环境）,接下来近一步解释“Beachresidentscomplainofthenoiseofthescooters（海边居民投诉摩托艇噪音），由此可知B为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Do文中提到“Regulationssuchasminimumoperatingage,restrictedoperatingareasandcompulsoryclassesinwatersafety,areessential并进ー步强调uWithoutsuchregulations,tragediesinvolvingwaterscootersaresuretomultiply,whichmakesmanybeachesunsafeforrecreation”（没有这些规定与摩托艇相关的悲剧就会增加,令很多海滨不宜度假），由此可知D为正确答案。PassageTwo【短文大意】本文描述了今昔美国人邻里关系的转变。邻居之间之间不再像传统的邻里关系那样亲密,转而变得冷漠而距离感清晰,人们也似乎更习惯于在彼此间保持一定的距离。.【答案与详解】Do文中开始就提到"ItseemstomethatneighborsaregoingoutofstyleinAmericaM»接着又说"Someofthetraditionalstoriesofneighborlinessareimpracticalorsillyandmaybejustaswellthatourrelationswithourneighborsarechanging”(传统的睦邻友好的故事变得不现实或很傻,邻里间的关系正在改变),由此可知D为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Bo文中很清楚地解释了所问的问題“FewerthanhalfthepeopleintheUnitedStatesliveinthesamehousetheylivedinfiveyearsago.Sothereisnoreasontolovethepeoplewholivenextdoortoyou,justbecausetheyhappentowanderintoarealestateofficethatlistedtheplacenextdoortoyours"(不到一半的美国人五年内住在同一所房子里,所以没理由去爱那个住在你旁边房子的人,他只是凑巧走进了一个房屋交易所,住进了你旁边的屋子)，由此可知B为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Co文中提到"Thebestrelationshipwithneighborsisoneoffriendlydistance”，(与邻居最好的关系就是保持ー个友好的距离),由此可知C为正确答案。PassageThree【短文大意】本文关注了美国初、高中辍学问题。文章指出初、高中辍学问题由来已久,无论初中还是高中校方都尝试了使用各种方法来留住学生,然而这些学校的顾问、教师和管理人员的努力是远远不够的,事实上每ー个人都应该更多地关注初、高中辍学问题。.【答案与详解】Do文中"Coupledwiththisfactisthewarningthatsoonwewillnolongerhaveaworkforcetofillthemanyjobsthatrequireproperlyeducatedpersonnel”(伴随这ー现象的是，现实在向我们发出警报:不久我们很多需要受过教育的人来做的岗位将缺乏劳动カ),由此可知D为正确答案。.【答案与详解】Bo可用排除法,只有选项B能从文中第一句话“Articlesinmagazinesandnewspapersandspecialreports...reflecttheconcernofmanyAmericansabouttheincreasingdrop-outrateinourjuniorandseniorhighschools”找到佐证,由此可知B为正确答案.【答案与详解】Co文中"Strategiestomotivatestudentsinahighschoolincluderewardingacademicexcellencebydesignatingscholarsofthemonth,orbyissuingarticlesofclothing,suchasschoolletterjacketsformerlygivenonlytoathletes”(为了激励学生,高中采取了设立月度奖学金,发印有学校标示的夹克衫等措施来奖励那些优秀的学业成绩,这些夹克衫一般只正式赠送给运动员),由此可知C为正确答案。SectionCI'minterestedinthecriminaljusticesystemofourcountry.Itseemstomethatsomethinghastobedone,ifwe'reto(36)surviveasacountry.Icertainlydon'tknowwhattheanswerstoourproblemsare.Thingscertainlyget(37)complicatedinahurrywhenyougetintothem,butIwonderifsomethingcouldn'tbedonetodealwithsomeoftheseproblems.OnethingI'mconcernedaboutisourpracticeofputting(38)offendersinjailwhohaven'tharmedanyone.Whynotworkoutsomesystem(39)wherebytheycanpaybackthedebtstheyowesocietyinsteadof(40)incurringanotherdebtbygoingtoprisonand,ofcourse,comingunderthe(41)influenceofcourse,comingundertheinfluenceofhardenedcriminals.I'malsoconcernedaboutheshortprisonsentencespeopleare(42)servingforseriouscrimes.Ofcourseonealternativetothisisto(43)restorecapitalpunishment,butI'mnotsureIwouldbeforthat.I'mnotsureit'srighttotakeaneye.(44)Thealternativetocapitalpunishmentislongersentencesbuttheywouldcertainlycostthetax・payersmuchmoney.Ialsothinkwemustdosomethingabouttheinsanityplea.Inmyopinion,anyonewhotakesanotherperson'slifeintentionallyisinsane;however,(45)thatdoesnotmeanthatthepersonisn'tguiltyof>hecrimeorthatheshouldn'tpaysocietythedebtheowes.It'ssad,ofcourse,thatapersonmayhavetospendtherestofhislife,or(46)alargepartofitinprisonforactsthathecommittedwhilenotinfullcontrolofhismind.B.ScriptofUnit7SectionAM:Goodnews,I'mnotgoingtohavesurgeryafterall.ThedoctorsaysIcanstartworkingoutagainsoonandmaybeplayfootballlikebeforeinafewweeks.W:Thaピsterrific.ItwouldbegreatifyoucouldgetbackinshapeintimefortheWorldCup.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?M:Ireallyneedtomakesomeextramoney.YouknowI'vepracticallyspentmyentirebudgetforthissemester.W:WhynotcheckoutthenewcafeteriaatMarketStreet?1thinktherearestillafewopeningssuitableforseniorslikeyou.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?M:IhearJohnlefthiscatinyourcarewhilehe'sonvacationabroad.Howareyougettingalongwithit?W:Well,itnevercomeswhenIcallit.Itspillsitsfoodandshedsallovertheplace.Ican'twaittillJohngetsback.Q:Howdoesthewomanfindthecat?W:Hello,ProfessorWhite,Igotmygradeinthemailthismorning,butIthinktheremightbeamistakeinmymark.M:Yeah,I'vegotseveralcallsjustlikeyours.Theremustbeaproblemwiththecomputingsystem.Itshouldbestraightenedoutinacoupleofhours.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?M:ProfessorJohnson,lastnightwhenIwasputtingthefinishingtouchesonmypaper,acomputerfailurecompletelywipedoutmyfiles,doyouthinkIcanhaveanotherdaytoretypeit?W:I'msorry,Rod.I'mleavingforaconferencetomorrowandI'llbeawaytwoweeks.IsupposeyoucouldsendmeanE-copy.Q:Whydoesthemansayhecan'tsubmithisassignmentontime?W:Ijustcalledthetravelagency,it'sallset.OnJune1st,weareheadingforthemountainsandwillbecampingthereforawholeweek.M:Haveyoucheckedtheacademiccalendar?Myclassesaren'toveruntilthe8th.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?W:Ithoughttherewasstilltimeformetoapplyforastudentloan.ButsomeonejusttoldmethattheclosingdatewaslastTuesday.M:Areyousure?Ithoughtwestillhadanothermonth.Wait,I'vegotabrochurerighthere.LastTuesdaywastheopeningdate.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?W:Lookatallthepollutantsgoingintotheairfromthosefactories.Doyouthinkthey'llevergetthatundercontrol?M:Nowwiththenewlawsineffectandsocialawarenessincreasing,wearesuretoturnthingsround.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?Nowyou'llheartwolongconversations.ConversationOneW:Tellme,Peter,whatmakesHarrodssofamous?M:Well,it'sthebiggestdepartmentstoreintheUK.AnditsfoodhallandtheEgyptianhallareveryfamous.PeoplecometoHarrodsjusttoseethem.W:Whatisspecialaboutthefoodhall?M:Itsellsmanydifferentkindsoffood.Forexample,ithas250kindsofcheesefromallovertheworldandmorethan180kindsofbread.Customersalsoloveallthedifferentkindsofchocolate.Theybuyahundredtonseveryyear.W:That'samazing!AndwhyistheEgyptianhallsofamous?M:Well,whenpeopleseeit,theyfeeltheyareinanotherworld.ItlookslikeinEgyptianbuildingfrom4,000yearsago.Anditsellsbeautifulobjects.Theyarenot4,000yearsold,ofcourse.W:IsittruethatHarrodsproducesitsownelectricity?M:Yes,itdoes.70%,enoughforasmalltown.Tolighttheoutsideofthebuilding,weuse11,500lightbulbs.W:Really?Tellme,howmanycustomersdoyouhaveonanaverageday?Andhowmuchdotheyspend?M:About30,000peoplecomeonanaverageday.Butduringthesales,thenumberincreasesto300,000customersaday.Howmuchdotheyspent?Well,onaverage,customersspendabout1.5millionpoundsaday.Therecordforonedayisninemillionpounds.W:Ninemillionpoundsinoneday?M:Yes,onthefirstdayoftheJanuarysales.W:Harrodssaysitsellseverythingtoeverybody,everywhere.Isthatreallytrue?M:Oh,yes.ofcourse!Absolutelyeverything!Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.WhatisthefoodhallofHarrodsnotedfor?WhatdoestheEgyptianhallseemliketothecustomers?WhatmaycustomersfindsurprisingaboutHarrods?AbouthowmanycustomerscometoHarrodsonanaverageday?ConversationTwoW:HiKevin!M:HiLaura,longtimenosee!Whathaveyoubeenuptolately?W:Notmuch.Icanassureyou,andyou?M:MuchthesameexceptIdohavesomebignews.W:Comeon.Thissuspenseiskillingme.M:No,really,whathaveyoubeendoingthesepastfewweeks?ThelasttimeIsawyou,youwerelookingforanewjob.W:Well,that'snotexactlytrue.Iwasthinkingaboutchangingjobs.Luckily,theyofferedmeanewpositionintheaccountingdepartment.M:Astepupinthebigbusinessworld.W:Iwouldn'texaggerate,butIampleased.Ihadbeenhopingtogetapromotionforawhile.Sowhenitfinallycamethrough,Iwasrelieved.Actually,that'swhyIwaslookingforanewjob.Ijustdidn'twanttoworkthereanymoreiftheyweren'tgoingtorecognizemyefforts.M:Right,sometimesyoucandoyourbestanditseemsliketheothersdon'tknowyouexist.Ihopethemoney'sbetter.W:Igotareasonableraise,nowenoughaboutme.I'mdyingtohearyournews.M:Iamgettingmarried.W:No,yousaidyou'dnevergetmarried.M:Thatwasthenandthisisnow.You'vegottomeetAndrea,she'sgreat!W:Thisisallnewstome.Ididn'tevenknowyouweredating.M:Weweren't.We'vejustbeendatingfortwoweeksnow.W:Andyouaregettingmarried?M:Iknow.Ican'thelpit.Ijustknowshe'stheone.W:Well,congratulations!That'sfantastic!M:Thanks,I'mgladtohearyoufeelthatway.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatwasthewomandoingwhenthemanlastsawher?Whydoesthewomansayshewasrelieved?Whyisthewomansurprisedattheman'snews?SectionBPassageOneWaterscootersarewatervehiclesthatlookverymuchlikemotorcycles.Nowadays,speedy,colorfulwaterscootersaregaininginpopularity.Theycantravelanywhereasmallboatcanandparticularlypopularwithyoungpeople.Therisingpopularityofthecrafthasraisedthequestionofwaterscooterregulation.Inthiscase,theargumentforstrictregulationiscompelling.Waterscootersareaparticularlydeadlyformofwaterrecreation.Forexample,twowomenwerevacationinginLongboatKeywhiletheywerefloatingontherubberboatalongtheshore,awaterscootercrashedintothemandkillthem.Alsowaterscooteroperatorshavebeenkilledorseriouslyinjuredincollisionswithotherwatercraft.Othershavebeenstrandedattheseawhentheirscooterseitherfailedorsankfarfromshore.Manywaterscooteroperatorsareinexperiencedandignorantofnavigationalrules,whichincreasethepotentialforaccidents.Theincreasingpopularityofthescooterhasaggravatedtheproblem,providingmorewatervehiclestocompeteforthesamespace.Crowdedwaterwavesaresimplyanopeninvitationtodisaster.Inadditiontotheinherentoperationalhazardsofwaterscooters,theyareprovingtobeanenvironmentalnuisance.Beachresidentscomplainofthenoiseofthescooters.ThePacificWhaleFoundationonthewestcoastexpressedconcernthatthescootersarefrighteningawayanendangeredspeciesofwhalethatmigratestoHawaiiforbreeding.Regulationssuchasminimumoperatingage,restrictedoperatingareasandcompulsoryclassesinwatersafetyareessential.Withoutsuchregulations,tragediesinvolvingwaterscootersaresuretomultiply,whichmakesmanybeachesunsafeforrecreation.Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutwaterscooters?Whatismentionedasoneofthecausesofwateraccidents?Inwhatwayarewaterscooterssaidtobeanenvironmentalnuisance?Whatdoesthespeakerproposetoensurethesafetyofbeachesforrecreation?PassageTwoItseemstomethatneighborsaregoingoutofstyleinAmerica.Thefriendnextdoorfromwhomyouborrowedforeggsoraladderhasmovedandthepeopleintherenowarestrangers.Someofthetraditionalstoriesofneighborlinessareimpracticalorsillyandmaybejustaswellthatourrelationswithourneighborsarechanging.ThesayingintheBible“Lovethyneighbor''wasprobablyapoortranslationofwhatmusthaveoriginallybeen,"respectthyneighbor''.Lovecanbecalleduponorder.FewerthanhalfthepeopleintheUnitedStatesliveinthesamehousetheylivedinfiveyearsago.Sothereisnoreasontolovethepeoplewholivenextdoortoyou,justbecausetheyhappentowanderintoarealestateofficethatlistedtheplacenextdoortoyours.Theonlythingneighborshaveincommon,tobeginwith,isproximityandunlesssomethingmoredevelopsthatisn'treasonenoughtobebestfriends.Itsometimeshappensnaturally,butthechancesareverysmallthatyourneighborswillbeyourchoicesfriendsorthatyouwillbetheirs,either.Thebestrelationshipwithneighborsisoneoffriendlydistance.Yousay"hello'',usesmalltalkifyouseethemintheyard,youdiscussproblemsastheyariseandyouhelpeachotherinanemergency.Thedrivewayorthefencebetweenyouisnotreallyacoldshoulderbutaclearboundary.Wealllikeclearly-definedboundariesforourselves.Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttherelationsamongneighborsnowadays?Whydoesspeakersayitmaybedifficultforpeopletolovetheirneighbors?Whatshouldneighborsdointhespeaker'sopinion?PassageThreeArticlesinmagazinesandnewspapersandspecialreportsonradioandtelevisionreflecttheconcernofmanyAmericansabouttheincreasingdrop-outrateinourjuniorandseniorhighschools.Coupledwiththisfactisthewarningthatsoonwewillnolongerhaveaworkforcetofillthemanyjobsthatrequireproperlyeducatedpersonnel.Thehighstudentdrop-outrateisnotarecentdevelopment.Tenyearsago,manyurbanschoolswerereportingdrop-outratesbetween35and50percent.Someadministratorsmaintainthatdrop-outsremainthesinglegreatestproblemintheirschools.Consequently,muchefforthasbeenspentonidentifyingstudentswithproblemsinordertogivethemmoreattentionbeforetheybecomefailures.Sincethedrop-outproblemdoesn'tstartinseniorhighschool,specialprogramsinjuniorhighschoolfocusonstudentswhoshowpromisebuthavearecordoftruancy-thatisstayingawayfromschoolwithoutpermission.Undertheguidanceofcounselors,thesestudentsareplacedinclasseswithteacherswhohavehadsuccessinworkingwithsimilaryoungpeople.Strategiestomotivatestudentsinahighschoolincluderewardingacademicexcellencebydesignatingscholarsofthemonth,orbyissuingarticlesofclothing,suchasschoolletterjacketsformerlygivenonlytoathletes.Nooneworkingwiththesestudentsclaimstoknowhowtokeepallstudentsinschool.Counselors,teachersandadministratorsareinthefrontlinesofwhatseemsattimestobealosingbattle.Actually,thisproblemshouldbeeveryone'sconcernsinceuneducated,unemployedcitizensaffectusall.Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.WhyaremanyAmericansconcernedwiththeincreasingdrop-outrateinschool?Whatdowelearnaboutthestudentdrop-outprobleminAmerica?Whatismentionedasoneofthestrategiesusedtomotivatestudents?SectionC(略)PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)SectionANewWordsandExpressionsbefamiliarwith:熟悉…permanently:adv.永久地【短文大意】本篇是议论文。通过简单接触而对音乐有所了解是可能的,只是这样的了解不如正规学习的好处多。人们可以通过收音机听音乐,从而熟悉ー两种音乐。略知一ニ确实比无所知要好,但是广袤的知识能够让人更充分地领略音乐的美。这好比ー个外国人认为参观了一个美国城市后自己就懂得了整个美国和美国人ー样。实际上,这个外国人就像只了解一种音乐而且对这种音乐了解不深的人ー样,会错过很多风景。不了解音乐的弊端可以通过ー个比方说明。如果ー个普通美国人要移居中国,他会很难理解或欣赏中国音乐。他若想在中国呆的久些,他就该对中国音乐有更多的了解,这样会排除他“局外人”的感觉。如果不了解中国音乐,这个人就会发现在中国的生活单调、乏味,生活质量也会降低。.【答案与详解】B。superficially。此处需要填入副词。空格所在句后面一句提到“…itprovidesonlyasmallfractionoftheenjoymentandenrichmentthatamoreknowledgeableandexperiencewithmusiccanprovide.此句是讲通过收音机学歌曲、听音乐,对ー两种音乐熟悉的不足之处,故空格处所填的词应为贬义色彩。superficially意为“肤浅地”,符合句意。.【答案与详解】Eolimitedo此处应填形容词。空格所在的部分与后面的nothing形成比较:betterthannothing,因此不难判断应选择limited。另外,该句主句中的"asmallfraction”也与!imited相对应。.【答案与详解】Gobroader1,此处应填形容词。空格部分与knowledgeable为并列关系，意义应一致:另外空格部分应与experience搭配。而且knowledgeable前有mo位,为比较级形式。选择broader满足意义、搭配以及用法要求。.【答案与详解】C。assumption〇此处需填名词。空格所在的句子为同位语从句,that后面的句子为空格部分的实际内容，可以判断句子内容为assumption“假设”。.【答案与详解】A。particularly。空格部分修饰well,只能是副词。maybenotparticularlywell意为“或许不是非常熟悉”。.【答案与详解】Focomparingo空格部分位于介词by之后,需填入名词性的词语;另外，空格部分后出现介词to,可确定所选项与to形成意义搭配。选择comparing,意为:“比较”。.【答案リ详解】H。appreciate0空格与understand为并列关系，因此应为动词原形且意义リunderstand一致。appreciate意为'‘欣赏"，符合句意。.【答案与详解】D。desirable»此处需要填入形容词。根据该句句意:如果这个人想要长期定居中国，就非常有必要了解中国音乐。desirable意为"值得要的”。.【答案与详解】I。immigrant=此处需要填入名词。英文忌重复，空格部分实际为前面所述的"averageAmericanlivinginChinapermanently",这样的人可以被称作immigrant"移民"。.【答案与详解】N。reduced。此处需要填入动词过去分词。根据空格前面一句中的"duller,shallowerandlesssatisfying",可以判断此处应为reduced〇SectionBPassageOneNewWordsandExpressionsrationality:〃.合理性,理性mature:v.&".成熟【短文大意】本篇是记叙文。工科学生应该是实用和理性的典型。但我上大学时却是个理想主义者，是个傻瓜。与其他进名牌大学的理科专业学习者不同,我选择了一所很小的文科学校，那里甚至没有电气工程专业。我的想法是要得到更广泛的教育,学会思想的灵活性以及指导以后职业的价值体系。周围的人都赞成我的做法。但现在我开始怀疑自一了。在学习过程中,我的崇高理想有时会与现实发生冲突。三年中我在数学、物理等理科专业课与文科专业课之间挣扎。我终于明白了为什么很少有理科学生把理科和文科课程结合起来学习。文理不容阻碍了我成为独特的成功学生。分开来看，两者都以不同的方式塑造一个大，但结合起来就会ー团糟。41.【答案与详解】B。事实细节题。原文第二段具体说明了各种原因，但在第三段末做了总结。B大意是想将技术和人文综合起来,具有概括性，所以B正确。A只是一般工科学生的做法:C只讲课程，没有上升到价值层面:D只讲到文科方面，不全面。.【答案与详解】D。事实细节题。原文第二段第四句提到interacting,由"Iwantedto"引出"openmyeyesandexpandmyvision",而选项D止是此意的同义转述。.【答案与详解】Do观点态度题。原文第三段最后一句中"acompleteengineer”就是问题中I^Juasuccessfulengineeringstudent所以,原文冒号后的解释就是答案。D是对原文的同义转述。.【答案与详解】C。事实细节题。原文在第四段中以“now”引出实际情况,第二句中crash意为“撞得粉碎”,该句指其崇高的理想在现实中撞得粉碎。故C是对此句的同义转述。A、B或D都不能概括原文。.【答案与详解】Ao推理判断题。联系末段第一句,可知第二句中的they指第一句中的engineering和theliberalarts,故A正确。B“现实与崇高理想”，用以描写作者自己;C”灵活性与价值体系”,用以描写文科教育;D”实际与理想”,用以描写理科,三者均不符合题目要求。PassageTwoNewWordsandExpressionsheredity:〃.遗传tan:n.&adj.黄褐色,黄褐色的v.makeorbecomebrownwithsunburn变成黄褐色bleach:m漂白,变白lotion:〃.洗液,洗剂vein:〃.血管,静脉【短文大意】本篇是说明文。文章主要介绍了肤色变化的因素。遗传不是影响肤色的唯一因素;我们生存的环境和方式也很重要,尤其是日晒,日晒久了,皮肤就会变色;药物也可以影响到肤色。.【答案与详解】Co事实细节题。根据第四段第一句话"Centuriesago,mostofthepeopleinEuropewerepeasantsandhadtoworkinthefieldsallday.”，几个世纪前欧洲的大多数人都是农民,整天工作在田野里,也就是c中说的“工业革命前,大多数欧洲人都有一份户外的工作”,可以判断C是正确的。A与文章中倒数第二段的第二句话相反；B与最后一段的叙述相反;D与文章第二段中的第三句不相符。.【答案与详解】Do事实细节题。根据第二段第三句话“Butwhensummerarrivesandtheygotothebeaches,somewilltandarkly,somewilltanlightlyandafewwillnottanatall.”,可以判断有一些人变黑,所以A不对；有•・些人黑的很轻,所以B不对；C说很多人完全变黑,和文中的afewwillnottanatall不相符;D说ー些人完全不变黑,与文章相符。因此D正确。.【答案与详解】Co事实细节题。根据全文内容,主要介绍三种影响肤色的因素。其中包括遗传,文章第一句话“Heredityisnottheonlythingthatinfluencesourcolor.说明遗传虽然不是影响皮肤颜色的唯一因素,但它也是因素之一,而其他几项均未提到,故C正确。.【答案与详解】Do事实细节题。第五段第三句话“Workingforlonghoursindimly・litfactoriesandminesmadetheirskinspale.”,长时间工作在光线较暗的环境下就会让人的皮肤变得苍白,因此D是答案。.（答案与详解】D。事实细节题。根据文章第六段最后一句话“Thedesireforaquicktanhasledtotheinventionofpillsandlotionsthatdarkentheskinartificiallywithoutexposuretosunlight.”，我们知道药物和洗涤剂的出现主要是满足人们想快速变黑的要求,可以判断A和B正确；根据第四段的内容,人们可以根据皮肤颜色的黑白米区分是农民还是贵族,贵族尽量保持皮肤的白皙,尤其最后一句a...wasconsideredamarkofgreatbeauty...M,得知C也是正确的;而D与文章的第K段44Insteadofbleachingthemselveswhitewithlemonjuice,manywomenspendtheirtimeunderasunlamp.w 大多数西欧人并不是用柠檬汁使自己变白,故选择D项。PartVCloze&ErrorCorrection(30minutes)SectionACloze(15minutes)NewWordsandExpressionsvary”.不同,改变,使有变化，使不同discount:〃.折扣【短文大意】本文是说明文。ー谈到购物,美国各个商家都想尽办法竞争，如降低价格。几乎每个城市都有打折店，其所售商品质量也都很好。有了这些打折店，似乎能物尽其用了,可因为美国的富足,浪费现象也很严重。.【答案与详解】Bo考查词的搭配。本句意为:可以选择的种类和品牌很多。avarietyofsth.表示“有各种各样的东西”。.【答案与详解】A。语篇题。下文中紧跟本句提出价格变化的具体情况，因此，此处应填入prices,是总述，下文再进行分述。charge意为“要钱，索要费用''；fee意为“费用”,如:tuitionfee"学费"〇.【答案与详解】Co语篇题。下文讲述了不同时间不同价格的情况。因此选择time,即一年中时间不同,价格也不同。.【答案与详解】D。语义题。tendto表示44倾向于,往往”，如果某现象出现频率高，既可被描述为te