考研考博-英语-哈尔滨职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨职业技术学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.翻译题

Foracenturyorso,theshoppingritualatdealershowroomsfornewandusedvehicleshasn’tchangedmuch,apartfrommorecomfortablechairsandtheadditionoflatte(拿铁咖啡)machines.

ButtheInternetisunravelingtheessenceofnew-carretailing,armingshopperswithmoreinformationthaneveraboutfeaturesandprices,and(as)wellasexpertreviews.Willshopperssoonbeabletotakethenextstepandordernewcarsonline,likebooks,laptopsandshoes?

ThedebateoverInternetvehiclesalesrages,sinceautomakersseeif(it)asawaytoslashdistributioncostsbyhundreds,andperhapsafewthousanddollarspervehicle.Dealersareaghast:Theyhaveshieldedtheirfranchisesineverystatewithlegislation.ManyviewInternetsalesasameansofunderminingthem.Dealersassertthat“carsaren’tbooksorshoes”andarebestsoldinpersonbytheirsalesstaff,aprocessthatallowstheshoppertotestthevehicle,aswellasexplorefinancingandtrade-ins.

TeslaMotors(TSLA.，thegroundbreakingelectric-vehiclemanufacturerfoundedbyElonMusk,takesordersforitsModelSsedan,whichstartsat$70.000,onitswebsite.Thecarsaredeliveredeitheratoneofits30company-ownedstoresorcanbedrop-shippedtoabuyer’shome.Tesla,clearly,isbuckinglawandtradition.“InTexas,wherethelawprecludesdeliveringdirectlytocustomers,wedosothroughthird-parties,”saidSharmaHendriks,aTeslaspokesperson.“We’renotsayingwe’llneverhavedealers;butthatmodeldoesn’tmakesenseforusnow.

Becausethemarketforusedcarsisn’tprotectedbynew-carfranchiselaws,itmayprovideamorepromisingopportunityforonlinevehiclesales.eBayMotors,adivisionofeBay(EBAY),offersthousandsofvehiclesonlineforsalesbetweenprivateparties.Manyused-cardealersalsousethedigitalplatformandpayalistingfee.

Carvana,aventuresponsoredbyDriveTime,oneofthenation’slargestused-caroperations,hasbegunsellinglate-modelusedpremiumandluxurymodelsonitsownwebsite.CarvanaoperatesforthetimebeingonlyinAtlantaanditsenvironsbuthopestoexpandnationwide.

ErnieGarciaJr.,Carvana’schiefexecutiveofficer,saidthatthefirsthundredvehiclessoldbyCarvanareflectwhathecalleda“promising”trendofhighsatisfactionamongbuyers.Fourbuyersofthefirsthundredweren’tsatisfiedwiththeirpurchaseandexercisedtheirrighttotradethevehiclestheyboughtforanother.Onlyoneofthehundreddemandedarefund.

Garciasaidthatsalesofnewandusedvehiclesatdealerships,intheconventionalmanner,reflectabout“$2,000acar”insales,generalandadministrativecost.Heregardsthatamountasmarginthatcanandwilleventuallyshrinkasonlineattractsmorevehicleshoppers.New-vehiclesalesonlinehaven’tarrived,andperhapsmaynever.Yetthatdayfeelsasthoughit’sdrawingcloser,especiallyforconsumerswhowillchooseanythingandeverything-includingaspouse-usingkeypadormouse.

Foracenturyorso,theshoppingritualatdealershowroomsfornewandusedvehicleshasn’tchangedmuch,apartfrommorecomfortablechairsandtheadditionoflatte（拿铁咖啡）machines.

【答案】一个世纪以来，在经销商的展厅里购买新车或二手车的程序基本上没有什么变化，只是多了一些舒服的椅子和咖啡机什么的。

但互联网正在解构新车销售的本质，它让消费者了解到更多有关汽车性能和价格的信息，同时还有专家的评测与看法。那么，不久的将来，消费者是否会像买书、买鞋、买笔记本电脑一样，开始在网上订购汽车呢？

关于汽车能否在互联网上销售的争论十分激烈。汽车厂商们认为，网上卖车可以大幅降低渠道成本，光是卖一辆车的渠道成本就可减少几百、甚至几千美元。而经销商们则惊慌失措，他们已经在美国的各个州通过法律巩固了自己的经营权，许多经销商认为网上售车会对他们的业务造成严重损害。他们坚称“汽车不是书也不是鞋”,最好还是通过与销售员面对面沟通的方式来购车，因为消费者可以通过这个环节试驾车辆，同时办妥贷款和打折等有关的事宜。

由艾伦•马斯科投资的电动汽车制造商特斯拉汽车公司(TeslaMotors)B经开始在官网上接受Models的订单了，这款车型的起价为7万美元。这些车辆既可以运到这家公司拥有的30家商店里，也可以直接运到消费者的家门口。显然特斯拉并不怕挑战法律和传统。特斯拉公司的发言人莎娜•亨德里克斯说：“德克萨斯州的法律禁止厂商把汽车直接运到消费者家里，所以我们是通过第三方这样做的。我们并不是说我们永远都不需要经销商，但就眼下来说，那种模式对我们没有意义。”

由于二手车市场不受新车特许经营法保护，因此这个领域对在线卖车来说可能更有前景。比如eBay旗下的eBayMotors就在网络上发布了成千上万辆车型信息，方便私人进行二手车交易。很多二手车经销商也利用这个数码平台进行交易，而且还要支付一定的展示费用。

Carvana是美国最大的二手车交易商之一DriveTime投资的一家公司，已经开始在自己的网上销售最新款的二手豪车和高端车型了。目前Carvana的业务还仅限于亚特兰大及周边地区，但它希望尽快将业务扩展到全美。

公司CEO小欧尼•加西尼介绍：Carvana公司首批卖出的100辆二手车在客户中的满意度很高，预示了光明的前景。这100个客户中，只有4个人对他们购买的车辆不满意，而且行使了换车的权利，另外只有1名客户要求退车返款。

加西亚表示，在传统的销售方式下，无论是卖新车还是旧车，每辆的销售成本、一般成本与管理成本加起来，都高达2,000美元左右。他认为，随着网络售车的模式吸引更多的消费者，这部分金额最终会缩水，转化成利润。

新车的在线销售虽然还没有成为现实，而且说不定永远都将是纸上谈兵，但是给我们的感觉却是这一天已经离我们越来越近了。特别是有些消费者己经习惯了用鼠标和键盘挑选和购买一切东西，甚至包括挑选自己的人生伴侣。

2.单选题

Thisresearchhasattractedwide（）coverageandhasfeaturedonBBCtelevision'sTomorrow'sWorld.

问题1选项

A.message

B.information

C.media

D.data

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。mediacoverage表示“媒体报道”。句意：这个研究已吸引了广泛的媒体报道且成为英国广播公司的“未来世界”的特别节目。

3.单选题

Theyoungperformerscapturedandheldtheaudience’sattentionfromthemomentthecurtainwentup.

问题1选项

A.gathered

B.caught

C.grabbed

D.trapped

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项gathered“聚集”；B选项caught“捕捉”；C选项grabbed“抓住”；D选项trapped“诱捕”。句意：年轻的演员们从幕布升起的那一刻起就吸引住了观众的注意力。根据句意，C选项与划线词意思贴近，因此C选项符合题意。

4.翻译题

1.Librariesotherthanthoselistedaboverequireadditionalregistrationbeforeyoucanaccesstheircollections.

2.Inthepast,heusedtotellusofhisexpeditionsthroughthewoodsandfieldsroundhishome,andhowheexploredthesolitarybrooksandponds;andthenhedescribedthecuriousanimalsandbirdshesaw.

3.七月份中国消费物价指数与去年同期比下降了0.9%,而六月份该指数下降了0.8%。

【答案】1.除了上面列举的图书馆外，使用其他图书馆的藏书，你还需要另行注册。

2.以前他时常对我说关于他在他家周围的森林和原野中探险的事，以及他怎样找到一些偏僻的溪流和池塘的情形，然后他会描述他所见到的珍禽异兽。

3.China'sconsumerpriceindexinJulydroppedby0.9percentcomparedwiththatofthesameperiodinlastyearandtheindexfell0.8%inJune.

5.问答题

Anotherbenefitofthestudyofhistoryisthebroadrangeofhumanexperiencewhichis

A

covered.Warandpeacearecertainlycoveredlikearenationalandinternationalaffairs.However,

B

mattersofculture(art,literature,andmusic)arealsoincludedinhistoricalstudy.Humannatureisanimportantpartofhistory:emotionslikepassion,greed,andinsecurityhaveinfluencedtheshapingofworldaffairs.Anyonewhothinksthatthestudyofhistoryisboringhasnotreally

C

D

studiedhistory.

【答案】试题答案：B;as

【解析】考查连词倒装。由系动词are被提到主语之前，可知此处用连词as（如何……一样）构成倒装。

6.翻译题

61.Americanscientistshaveforthefirsttimetakenstemcellsfromhumanembryosthataregeneticcopiesoflivingpeople.Thegoalistocreatebettertreatmentsfordisease.Buttheworkhasraisedethicalconcernsaboutmakinggeneticcopiesorcloning.Cloningahumanbeingisillegalinmorethantwelvestates.Mostscientistshaverejectedit,butsomemedicalresearchersareperformingwhatiscalled“therapeuticcloning”totrytofightdisease.Stillthatmethodisbannedinsevenstates.

62.Onestatewhere“therapeuticcloning”isnotbannedisOregonthatiswhereresearchersatOregonHealth&ScienceUniversityinPortlandwereabletoputhumanDNAintomodifiedhumaneggs:thustheyproducedembryosthatweregeneticallythesameasthepeoplewhohaddonatedtheirDNA.

63.Thestemcellstakenfromtheembryoswhichcanbedevelopedintoanytissueinthebodyarecalled“mastercells”.Scientistshavealreadyknownhowtousechemicalstocausemastercellstodevelopintoanytissueinthebody.

64.Theideaisthatdoctorcouldusetissuecreatedthiswaytoreplacediseasedorgans.Thenewbodytissuewouldbeageneticallymatchofthepersonreceivingitandtherewouldbenodangerthatthepatient’sbodywouldrejectthenewtissuewhichcanhappenwithnormaltransplants.

ThescientistsbelievedthestemcellscouldgivedoctorsanewwaytotreatParkinson’sdisease—adegenerativemovementdisorder.TheybelievetheycouldusethisgeneticmaterialorDNAfromaskincellofsomeonewithParkinson’sdiseasetocreateapersonalizedtreatment.

AltaCharoisabioethicistattheUniversityofWisconsinLawSchool,shebelievesitistoosoontosay,whethertheuseofembryonicstemcellsforpersonalizedmedicinewouldbecomecommon.Scientistscouldinfactfindotherlesscontroversialsourcesofstemcells;however,shesupportstheuseofstemcellstotreatdisease.

65.Shesaid,“Ithinkthatwouldargueforusingthem.Ithinktherearemoralobligationstopeoplewhoarehereamongus,whoaresickandinneed,trans-politicalconcernsandpublicrelations,andperceptionproblemsaroundtheveryearliestfirsttwoorthreedays’worthofdevelopmentofanembryo-likeentity.”

Theresearcheronthecloningofhumanembryostoharveststemcellswaspublishedinthejournal“Cell”.

【答案】61.美国科学家首次从基因复制的人体胚胎中提取出干细胞，其目标是为了创造更好的治疗办法。但这项成果引发了关于基因复制或克隆的伦理担忧。

62.俄勒冈州是未禁止“治疗性克隆”的州之一。该州波特兰市的俄勒冈健康与科学大学的研究人员能够将人类DNA植入经过改良的人类卵子中，由此制成的人类胚胎和捐助DNA者在遗传基因上相一致。

63.从胚胎中提取的干细胞，能够被培育成任何人体组织，被称为“万能细胞”。科学家们懂得如何利用化学物质使万能细胞发育成任何人体组织。

64.这种想法是医生能够使用这种途径制成的人体组织来替代病变器官。这种新的人体组织和接受移植者在遗传基因上相匹配，不会发生病人身体抗拒新组织的危险，而正常移植往往会存在这种风险。

65.我认为利用它会引发争论，我认为，对于我们当中的人来说，对于那些生病和需要帮助的人，对于跨政治的关注和公共关系，以及对于胚胎样实体最初两三天的发展所产生的认知问题，都是有道德义务的。

7.单选题

Studieshaveshownthatworkers’desiretobeacceptedbyco-workerscould（

）themmorestronglythanthedesiretoearnmoremoney.

问题1选项

A.hamper

B.motivate

C.intervene

D.streamline

【答案】B

【解析】动词词义辨析。A选项hamper“妨碍，束缚”；B选项motivate“刺激，激励”；C选项intervene“干涉”；D选项streamline“使成流线型”；句意是‘研究表明，对工人们来说，想要被同事认可的欲望比挣钱的欲望更…。’根据strongly和常识可以确定是‘更激励的’，所以B选项。

8.单选题

Ahealthylifeisfrequentlythoughttobe（）withtheopencountrysideandhomegrownfood.

问题1选项

A.tied

B.bound

C.involved

D.associated

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项tied“系”；B选项bound“弹回；限制”；C选项involved“涉及；包括”；D选项associated“联系”。句意：健康的生活往往被认为与空旷的野外和自家的食物有……。Ahealthylife“健康的生活”与theopencountrysideandhomegrownfood“空旷的野外和自家的食物”是有关联的。A，B，C选项均不与with搭配使用，可排除。betiedto“束缚于；捆绑于”；beboundto“必定会”；beinvolvedin“涉及；陷入”；beassociatedwith“与……有关联”；因此D选项符合题意。

9.单选题

Ateamofresearchers（）theproblemofdiseasesconnectedwithcontaminatedmilk.

问题1选项

A.address

B.interact

C.wonder

D.react

【答案】A

【解析】动词词义辨析。address“处理”;interact“相互作用”;wonder“想知道”;react“反应”。句意：一组研究人员把这种疾病和被污染的牛奶联系起来。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

Theirfindingsareconsistentwithsomeoftheestablishedtheoriesonlongevity.

问题1选项

A.compatible

B.coherent

C.compact

D.competent

【答案】B

【解析】考查近义词辨析。consistent表示“一致的”。A项compatible“兼容的，能共处的”，B项coherent“连贯的，一致的”，C项compact“紧凑的，坚实的”，D项competent“胜任的，有能力的”；句意：他们的发现与一些关于长寿的既定理论相一致。根据句意该题选B。

11.单选题

Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupstheyarestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwiththemfromtheirownculture.Forexample,theymustmakesuretheyconstructmeasuresthataremeaningfulforeachoftheculturalorethnicminoritygroupsbeingstudies.

Inconductingresearchonculturalandethnicminorityissues,investigatorsdistinguishbetweentheemicapproachandtheeticapproach.Intheemicapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorinonecultureorethnicgroupintermsthataremeaningfulandimportanttothepeopleinthatcultureorethnicgroup,withoutregardtootherculturesorethnicgroups.Intheeticapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorsothatgeneralizationscanbemadeacrosscultures.Ifresearchersconstructaquestionnaireinaneticfashion,theirconcernisonlythattheirquestionsaremeaningfultotheparticularcultureorethnicgroupbeingstudied.If,however,theresearchersconstructaquestionnaireinaneticfashion,theywanttoincludequestionsthatreflectconceptsfamiliartoallculturesinvolved.

Howmighttheemicandeticapproachesbereflectedinthestudyoffamilyprocesses?Intheemicapproach7theresearchersmightchoosetofocusonlyonmiddle-classWhitefamilies,withoutregardforwhethertheinformationobtainedinthestudycanbegeneralizedorisappropriateforethnicminoritygroups.Inasubsequentstudy,theresearchersmaydecidetoadoptaneticapproachbystudyingnotonlymiddle-classWhitefamilies,butalsolower-incomeWhitefamilies,AfricanAmericanfamilies,SpanishAmericanfamilies,andAsianAmericanfamilies.Instudyingethnicminorityfamilies,theresearcherswouldlikelydiscoverthattheextendedfamilyismorefrequentlyasupportsysteminethnicminorityfamiliesthaninWhiteAmericanfamilies.Ifso,theemicapproachwouldrevealadifferentpatternoffamilyinteractionthanwouldtheeticapproach,documentingthatresearchwithmiddle-classWhitefamiliescannotalwaysbegeneralizedtoallethnicgroups.

1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,researchersunfamiliarwiththetargetculturesareinclinedto（

）.

2.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemicapproachandtheeticapproach?

3.Comparedwiththeeticapproach,theemicapproachisapparentlymore（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEoftheethnicminorityfamiliesintheU.S?

问题1选项

A.beovercautiousinconstructingmeaningfulmeasures

B.viewthemfromtheirownculturalperspective

C.guardagainstinterferencefromtheirownculture

D.acceptreadilywhatisalientotheirownculture

问题2选项

A.Theyhavedifferentresearchfocusesinthestudyofethnicissues

B.Theformerisbiasedwhilethelatterisobjective.

C.Theformerconcentratesonthestudyofculturewhilethelatteronfamilyissues.

D.Theyarebothheavilydependentonquestionnairesinconductingsurveys.

问题3选项

A.culturallyinteractive

B.culture-oriented

C.culturallybiased

D.culture-specific

问题4选项

A.Theirculturalpatternsareusuallymoreadaptable.

B.Theirculturalconceptsaredifficulttocomprehend.

C.Theydon'tinteractwitheachothersomuchasWhitefamilies.

D.TheyhavecloserfamilytiesthanWhitefamilies

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由第一段“Researcherswhoareunfamiliarwiththeculturalandethnicgroupstheyarestudyingmusttakeextraprecautionstoshedanybiasestheybringwiththemfromtheirownculture.不熟悉他们所研究的文化和种族群体的研究人员必须采取额外的预防措施，以摆脱他们从自己的文化带来的任何偏见。”可知研究者在研究陌生文化时有从自己的文化出发的倾向。答案B

第2题:细节事实题。由第二段“Intheemicapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorinonecultureorethnicgroupintermsthataremeaningfulandimportanttothepeopleinthatcultureorethnicgroup,withoutregardtootherculturesorethnicgroups.Intheeticapproach,thegoalistodescribebehaviorsothatgeneralizationscanbemadeacrosscultures.在主位研究法中，目标是用描述一种对某一种文化或民族有意义并且重要的行为，而不考虑其他文化或民族。在客位研究方法中，目标是描述一些适用于不同文化的行为。”可知这两种研究的重心不同。答案A

第3题:推理判断题。通过上题以及对第二段和第三段的理解可知，emicapproach主位研究法偏向于研究某一个群体的文化；eticapproach客位研究法研究不同文化的共同之处。答案D

第4题:细节事实题。由第三段倒数第二句“Instudyingethnicminorityfamilies,theresearcherswouldlikelydiscoverthattheextendedfamilyismorefrequentlyasupportsysteminethnicminorityfamiliesthaninWhiteAmericanfamilies.在研究少数民族家庭时，研究人员可能会发现，与美国白人家庭相比，少数民族家庭中的大家庭更具有支撑地位。”可推知少数民族家庭比白人家庭有更亲密的亲情关系。答案D

12.单选题

ThecommissionpresenteditsreportinJanuaryandthiswasbroadly______inJulyofthatyear.

问题1选项

A.encased

B.encored

C.endued

D.endorsed

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项encase“包住，围绕”，B项encore“要求再演或唱”，C项endue“授予，赋予”，D项endorse“背书，认可，签署”。根据句子可知，空格处应该填入动词的过去分词构成被动语态，动词的逻辑主语是report，由此可推断endorse“认可”符合语境。句意：该委员会在1月份提交了报告，并在当年7月得到了广泛认可。因此，该题选择D项正确。

13.单选题

（

）trouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.

问题1选项

A.Thanrathercause

B.Rathercausing

C.Ratherthancause

D.Ratherthancaused

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。Ratherthandosth.是固定搭配，意为“与其做某事”。句意：与其惹麻烦，我打算忘记整件事情。选项C符合题意。

14.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Totakeamonthoffwork.

B.Torestinbedasmuchaspossible.

C.Totakesomeherbalmedicine.

D.Toputonplaster.

【答案】D

【解析】A:HereismyX-rays.

B:I’lljusthavealook.EverythingisOKexceptwhatyoucanseehere.Thereisahemi-fracture.It'snotveryserious,butyoushouldtakeamonthoffworkandrestinbedasmuchaspossible.I'llgivesomeherbalmedicinetohelpyouhealquickly.

A:DoIneedtoputinplaster?

B:No,itisn’tnecessary.

Q:Whichofthefollowingisnotamongthedoctor’ssuggestion?

【解析】细节题。医生认为不需要打石膏。

15.单选题

Ifthestateofourknowledgewere（

）itprovideduswithamodelofunquestionedvaliditythatcompletelyexplainedhumanbehavior,wecaneliminatealldisagreement.

问题1选项

A.suchthat

B.suchas

C.assuch

D.sothat

【答案】A

【解析】考查同位语从句。suchthat连用时，such为代词，that引导的从句做such的同位语。句中such指代thestateofourknowledge，后面that引导从句对这个词语作进一步解释，因此A选项符合题意。

16.单选题

Youmustfacethefactthatinyourinmostheartyouhatethethoughtofmoving.Itiseasiestnottoleavetheroomswhereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.

Until,suddenlyoneday,thedistanceisabsoluteandtheyaregrownupandgone.Thenyoufindyourselflivingintoolargeahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.Whenwefoundourselvesinthissituationafewyearsago,wedeterminedtomovewhilewestillhadthestrengthandbeforetheemotionaltentacles（触角）thattheoldhousehadwrappedaroundusbecametoopowerfultobebroken.Movewhileyoucan!Butbesureyoureallywantto,anddonotmovetoooften.Itisanexhaustingprocess.

Yourfirsttaskistofindahousethatwillsuityou.Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture,andlocatednottoofarfromtheneighborhoodwheresomanyfriendshipshavebeenbuiltup.

Atlastwefoundone:alateVictoriancottage,inastreetwherethehouses,allsmall,rangefromlate18thtomid20thcentury.Itwasnearenoughtowherewewantedtolive.Ithadnobasement,whichwasagreatconvenienceforaginglegs.Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel:oneforourselvesandonewherefriends,children,andgrandchildrencouldspreadthemselveswhentheycametostay.Eachfloorhadtworooms.Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.

1.Thepassageconcernsbuying（）.

2.Thepassageimpliesthatgrown-upchildrenare（）.

3.Theauthordecidedtomove（）.

4.Theauthoradvisespeopleinhisownsituation（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,theirnewhousehad（）.

问题1选项

A.ahouseforanewlymarriedcouple

B.alargehouseforagrowingfamily

C.abetterhousewhenpeoplehavemoremoneytoinvest

D.asmallerhouseforolderpeoplewhosechildrenhavelefthome

问题2选项

A.morefriendlytotheirparentswhentheyaregrownup

B.distantfromtheirparents

C.friendlybutnotveryclose

D.annoying

问题3选项

A.whentheirhousegavethemtoomuchworkandcosttoomuchtorun

B.whentheygrewtiredoftheirhouse

C.whentheysuddenlygotthestrengthtodoso

D.beforethehousecollapsed

问题4选项

A.tomoveintoaverysmallhouse

B.tomovesomewherewherethelargestpossiblepiecesoffurniturewillfit

C.nottomovetoofarfromthemainroad

D.tochoosesomewherenotsonoisy

问题5选项

A.twofloors

B.threefloors

C.fourfloors

D.twobathrooms

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干问：这篇文章提到买（）。D选项“为一个孩子离家的老人买一栋小房子”，定位到倒数第二段，第二句Itmustbesmaller,quieter,easiertorun,andmoreconvenientlyplacedfortransport.（它必须更小，更安静，更容易运行，更方便运输。）我们可以看出来这个房子应该是很小的，并且是给老人住的，因此答案是D。A选项“为一对新人买房子”，B选项“为一个不断壮大的家庭买一个大房子”，C选项“当人们有更多资金时买一栋更好的房子”。

2.判断推理题。题干问：文章暗示长大的孩子会（）。C选项“更加友好但是不那么亲近”，答案定位到第一段whereyourchildrenpassedthroughtheirwonderfulchildhoodandannoyingteenstoafriendlybutslightlydistantcommunitysuddenly.（在这里，你的孩子在一个友好但有点疏远的社区里度过了美好的童年和令人讨厌的少年。）我们可以得出，孩子长大后变得更友好，但是也和父母有了距离，因此答案为C。A选项“在他们长大之后对他们的父母更好”，B选项“和父母会产生距离”，D选项“烦人的”。

3.事实细节题。题干问：作者决定搬家（）。A选项“当他们的房子带给他们太多的家务并且需要花费很多去打理”，根据题干我们定位到第二段ahouse,whichconsumesinitsmaintenancetoomuchenergyandmoney.（它消耗了太多的精力和金钱来维护。）因此答案为A。B选项“当他们厌倦了他们现在的房子”，C选项“当他们突然有能力去搬家了”，D选项“在房子倒塌之前”。

4.事实细节题。题干问：作者建议处于像他这种情况的人（）。B选项“搬到能装下最大家具的地方”，定位到第三段Notsosmall,though,thatitwillnotelegantlyaccommodateyourlargestpiecesoffurniture（不过也不是太小，不能很好地摆放你最大的家具），因此作者建议这样人们搬到一个能放得下自己最大家具的房子，不一定要很小，答案为B。A选项“搬进去一个非常小的房子”，C选项“不要搬到离主路太远的地方”，D选项“选一个不那么吵的地方”。

5.事实细节题。题干问：根据原文，这个新房子有（）。A选项“两层”，定位到最后一段Therewereonlytwofloorsabovegroundlevel（只有地上两层），我们可以得出这个房子只有两层；Therewasakitchenonthegroundfloor,withthebathroomaboveit.（一楼有一间厨房，上面是浴室。）通过最后一句话我们可以得出，只有一个洗手间，因此答案为A。B选项“三层”，C选项“四层”，D选项“两个卫生间”。

17.单选题

First,let’sconsiderwhatanuclearreactoris:a(1),glowingred-hotcoal.That’sa(2)wayofdescribingit,anyway.Nuclearreactors,justlikefossilfuel-burningpowerplants,makeelectricityby(3)watersoitturnsintosteamand(4)aturbine,whichpowersagenerator.

Touseanother(5),thenuclearfissionwhich(6)thisheatisabitlikethechaosyou’dgetifyoutoppledagiantpyramidof(7)tomatoes.First,onecanwouldfall,andthenitwouldbounceoffseveralmorecans,(8)thoseover,andthenthey’dallbouncedownhill,creatinganever-expandingchainreaction.Andeachtimeacanhitanothercan,itwouldproduceasparkofheat.

InJapan,thischainreactionstoppedatthetimeoftheearthquake,whenthereactorsshutdownasasafety(9).Butnuclearfissionproducessuch(10)amountsofheatthatittakesalongtimeforthereactorcoretocool.Plus,thefissile(11)keepsgivingoffwhat’scalled“decayheat”asitcontinuesto(12)radiation.Rightaftershutdown,anuclearreactorisstillproducinglargeamountsofheat,soyou’vegotaprettybigjobkeepingthewholethingcool.

Normallythat’sdonebycirculatingwateraroundthecore.ButinJapan,theearthquakeknockedoutallmeansofmovingthis(13).Oncethathappens,thewatercanturntosteam,lacedwithhydrogenandotherexplosiveelements.This(14)pressureinthecontainmentbuilding.That’swhatcausedthebuildingexplosionswe’veseensofar.

Japanesenuclearofficialsare(15)pumpingseawaterintothereactorbuildingstotryand(16)thingsoff.Butthepressurefromthesteamand(17)heatmakesthatmuchmoredifficulttodothanitsounds.Itappearsthatnuclearfuelrods,whichcontainthefissilestuff,havebeen(18)toairforsomeunknownperiodoftimeinseveralofthereactors.Atthatpoint,withoutcoolingwatersurroundingthem,therods(whicharezirconium,incaseyouwerewondering)starttoblisterandbuckle.

Asthey(19),therodsreleaseradioactivefuelbyproductsthatnormallythey’dbeabletocontain.Theopenspacesbetweenthem—throughwhichwaternormallywouldbeabletoflow—getblockedup,makingitevenharderforthemto(20)heat,theymelt,Hencetheterm—“meltdown.”

问题1选项

A.small

B.easy

C.difficult

D.giant

问题2选项

A.simplistic

B.human

C.philosophical

D.religious

问题3选项

A.puttingup

B.stayingup

C.makingup

D.heatingup

问题4选项

A.breaks

B.takes

C.drives

D.deteriorates

问题5选项

A.mythology

B.methodology

C.analogy

D.sociology

问题6选项

A.creates

B.steals

C.recruits

D.rebuilds

问题7选项

A.broken

B.canned

C.prepared

D.used

问题8选项

A.taking

B.knowing

C.kicking

D.knocking

问题9选项

A.response

B.reduction

C.reincarnation

D.restate

问题10选项

A.trivial

B.enormous

C.ridiculous