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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京大学金陵学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.Somepeoplecallthislossofprivacy’’Orwellian",harkingbackto1984.GeorgeOrwell’sclassicworkonprivacyandautonomy.Inthatbook,Orwellimaginedafutureinwhichatotalitarianstateusedspies,videosurveillance,andcontroloverthemediatomaintainitspower.Buttheageofmonolithicstatecontrolisover.Thefuturewe'rerushingtowardisn'toneinwhichoureverymoveiswatchedandrecordedbyanall-knowngovernment.Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation.

Theproblemwiththeword"privacy"’isthatitfallsshortofconveyingthereallybigpicture.Privacyisn'tjustabouthidingthings.It’saboutself-possession,autonomy,andintegrity.Aswemoveintothecomputerizedworldofthe21century,privacywillbeoneofourmostimportantcivilrights.Butthisrightofprivacyisn'ttherightofpeopletoclosetheirdoorsandpulldowntheirwindowshades-perhapsbecausetheywanttoengageinsomesortofillicitorillegalactivity.It’stherightofpeopletocontrolwhichdetailsabouttheirlivesstayinsidetheirownhousesandwhichleaktotheoutside.

Today'swaronprivacyisintimatelyrelatedtotherecentdramaticadvancesintechnology.Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy.Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol.

Thistrade-offisbothunnecessaryandwrong.Itremindsmeofanothercrisisoursocietyfacedbackinthefiftiesandsixties-theenvironmentalcrisis.Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefacts.

Todayweknowbetter.Todayweknowthatsustainableeconomicdevelopmentdependsonpreservingtheenvironment.Similarly,inordertoreapthebenefitsoftechnology.Itismoreimportantthaneverforustousetechnologytoprotectpersonalfreedom.

1.Thepassageindicatesthatprivacyis(

).

2.Inline18,theunderlined”degree”mostnearlymeans

).

3.Lines18-20("Ifwecontrol”)primarilyserveto

).

4.Thestatementsinlines24-25(’’poison"facts”)isintendedtorepresentthepointofviewof

).

5.Thepassageconcludesbysuggestingthatiftechnologyistohaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slives,then

).

6.Theauthorsupportstheideathatprivacycanbeprotected(

).

问题1选项

A.lessvaluedbypeoplethanitoncewas

B.difficulttomaintaininthecontemporaryworld

C.necessaryforindividualfreedom

D.astumblingblocktoeconomicgrowth

问题2选项

A.stage

B.sequence

C.measure

D.standing

问题3选项

A.introduceanadditionalpoint

B.discourageacourseofaction

C.questionadecision

D.illustrateaprecedingstatement

问题4选项

A.bigbusiness

B.environment

C.theauthor

D.thepublic

问题5选项

A.individualrightsmustbeexpanded

B.protectivemeasuresmustbetaken

C.technologicaladvancesmustbesupported

D.furtherresearchmustbefound

问题6选项

A.atamodestcosttomostbusiness

B.withthehelpofnewtechnologies

C.withoutgivingupvaluedservices

D.throughappropriategovernmentinterventions

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:B

【解析】1.文章第一句提到在未来,我们现在拥有的隐私都会消失(Inthefuturethelittleprivacywenowhavewillbegone.),未来将会有100台电子监视器不断监视和干扰我们的日常生活,对隐私的威胁根源于自由市场、先进的科学技术和电子信息交流(Itisinsteadafutureofahundredelectronicmonitorswhoconstantlywatchandinterruptourdailylives,andwherethreatstoprivacyfindtheirrootsinthefreemarket,advancedtechnology,andtheunbridledexchangeofelectronicinformation)。选项B“隐私在当代世界很难维持”符合题意。

2.题干中的单词出现在文章第三段第二句话Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy(今天很多人说,为了享受现代社会的好处,我们必须放弃一定……隐私),由some这个词可以推测这里指的是“一定程度上的隐私”。选项C符合题意,表示“程度;测量”。

3.文章第三段最后一句话Ifwewanttheconvenienceofpayingforamealbycreditcard,thenwemustaccepttheroutinecollectionofourpurchasesinalargedatabaseoverwhichwehavenocontrol提到如果我们想要用信用卡支付餐费的方便,那么我们必须在一个我们无法控制的大型数据库中接受日常的采购收集。这个具体的例子是为了说明前文提到的“为了享受一些权益,我们必须放弃一定程度上的隐私”(Manypeopletodaysaythatinordertoenjoythebenefitsofmodemsociety,wemustnecessarilyrelinquishsomedegreeofprivacy)。选项D符合题意。

4.文章倒数第二段最后两句话提到大企业的拥护者认为有毒的河流和湖泊是经济增长必须的代价。毒药就是进步:那些反对的人是不了解这个事实(Then,advocatesofbigbusinesssaidthatpoisonedriversandlakeswerethenecessarycostsofeconomicdevelopment,jobs,andanimprovedstandardofliving.Poisonwasprogress:anybodywhoarguedotherwisesimplydidn’tunderstandthefact)。所以可以知道关于“毒药”这些观点是一些大企业的观点,选项A符合题意。

5.文章最后一段提到可持续的发展取决于保护环境。为了从技术那获得好处,利用技术来保护个人自由比以往任何时候更重要,因此,选项C“先进的技术必须得到支持”符合题意。

6.文章中提到今天的隐私战争是由科学技术的发展引起的,也提到可以通过利用一些技术来保护隐私,选项B符合题意。

2.翻译题

研究人员称,远程办公等弹性工作模式有益于身体健康。研究人员发现,如果人们有条件在家工作,压缩工作周的时间,那他们就可以选择更为健康的生活方式,锻炼身体的机会增多,睡眠也会更好。

可能弹性工作模式让人们能有更充裕的时间来实现健康的生活方式,或者是它让人们能更好的安排自己的时间。弹性工作制最初是为了帮助人们(尤其是女性)同时兼顾工作和家庭,但有关证据表明这显然不仅仅是女性的问题。

研究人员对一家大型医药公司职员的“健康风险评估”进行了分析,职员涉及仓储,生产和管理等多个不同的岗位。

一名研究人员说:“这不仅仅针对管理层,而是涉及到公司各个岗位的员工。”他说,该研究能让卫生部门和相关机构认识到,给员工更多的自由其实能带来很多益处。但他也说,要评估弹性工作制的长期益处还需要开展进一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

3.单选题

Awell-writtencomposition______goodchoiceofwordsandclearorganizationamongotherthings.

问题1选项

A.callson

B.callsfor

C.callsup

D.callsoff

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项callon“访问,拜访;号召,请求”;B选项callfor“要求;需要;提倡;邀请;为……叫喊;前往接某人”;C选项callup“打电话给;使想起;提出”;D选项calloff“取消;叫走;放弃;宣告终止”。句意:一篇写得好的作文,除其他外,还要求选词得当,条理清晰。因此B选项正确。

4.单选题

Manyreportedthatthegeneralmilitarymessagetheyreceivedwasthat,asnurses,theywereex-pectedtobe()strong.

问题1选项

A.empirically

B.eminently

C.emulously

D.emotionally

【答案】D

【解析】副词辨析。句意:许多人声称,他们收到的一般军事信息是,作为护士,他们应该在坚强。empirically凭经验地,经验为主地;eminently突出地,显著地;emulously好胜地,

竞争性地;emotionally感情上,心理上。因此,D项符合句意。

5.单选题

InAmerica’sfiercelyadversariallegalsystem,agoodlawyerisessential.AskO.J.Simpson.Inalandmarkcase35yearsago,Gideonv.Wainwright,aunanimousSupremeCourtruledthatindigentdefendantsmustbeprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpensebecausetherecouldbenofairtrialinaseriouscriminalcasewithoutone.“Thisseemstoustobeanobvioustruth,”wroteJusticeHugoBlackinhisopinion.Atthetime,thedecisionwashailedasatriumphforjustice,anexampleofAmerica’scommitmenttotheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.

ThisistheimagemostAmericansstillhaveoftheircriminal-justicesystem—thefairestintheworld,inwhichanydefendant,nomatterhow,getsasmartlawyerwho,toooften,managestogettheculpritoffonatechnicality.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.About80%ofpeopleaccusedofafelonyhavetodependonapublicly-providedlawyer;butoverthepasttwodecadestheeagernessofpoliticianstolookharshoncrime,theirreluctancetopayforpublicdefenders,andaseriesofSupremeCourtjudgmentsrestrictingthegroundsforappealhavemadeamockeryofGideon.Todaymanyindigentdefendants,includingthosefacinglongtermsofimprisonmentorevendeath,aretreatedtoa“meet’emandplead’em”defense—abriefconsultationinwhichaharriedorincompetentlawyerencouragesthemtopleadguiltyor,ifthatfails,strugglethroughashorttrialinwhichthedefenseismassivelyoutgunnedbyamoreexperienced,better-paidandbetter-preparedprosecutor.

“Wehaveawealth-basedsystemofjustice,”saysStephenBright,thedirectoroftheSouthernCenterforHumanRight.“Forthewealthy,it’sgold-plated.Fortheaveragepoorperson,it’slikebeingherdedtotheslaughterhouse.Inmanyplacestheadversarialsystembarelyexistsforthepoor.”

Manylawyers,ofcourse,havemadeheroiceffortsforparticulardefendantsforlittleornopay,butthecharityoflawyerscanbereliedontohandleonlyatinyfractionofcases.Asspendingonpolice,prosecutorsandprisonshassteadilyclimbedinthepastdecade,increasingthenumberofpeoplechargedandimprisoned,spendingonindigentdefensehasnotkeptpace,overwhelminganalreadyhard-pressedsystem.

1.Theword“indigent”mostprobablymeans().

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatO.J.Simpsonwasprobably().

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewofAmerica’sadversariallegalsystem?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

问题1选项

A.wealthy

B.criminal

C.poverty-stricken

D.innocent

问题2选项

A.apersonwhowasfoundnotguiltybecausehehiredaverygoodlawyer

B.apersonwhowonhiscasebecausehewasprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpense

C.Apersonwhowasdeniedalawyerandthuslosthiscaseinthecourt

D.abrilliantlawyerwhowonnumerouscasesfortheaveragepoorpeople

问题3选项

A.Itistheembodimentoftheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.

B.Itisthefairestcriminal-justicesystemintheworld.

C.Asitis,itbenefitstherichbutworksagainstthepoor.

D.Itisunfairbynatureandshouldbeoverhauled.

问题4选项

A.Lawyerswhoprovidedefenseforthepooroftenworkheroicallyforlittleornopayatall.

B.Ascrimerateincreases,Americanpoliticianshavebecomemoretoleranttowardscrimethanbefore.

C.InAmerica,ifapersonrefusestoacceptthejudgmentofalowercourt,hecanalwaysappealtotheSupremeCourt.

D.Government-providedlawyerstendtogothroughtheformalitiesofdefenseandprovetobenomatchfortheprosecutors

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Theword“indigent”mostprobablymeans______.1.“indigent”这个词最有可能的意思是______。

A.wealthyA.富有的

B.criminalB.犯罪的

C.poverty-strickenC.一贫如洗的

D.innocentD.天真的

【考查点】词义推测题。

【解题思路】根据关键词indigent定位至第一段第三句“在35年前的一个具有里程碑意义的¬GideonV.Wainwright案中,最高法院一致裁定,必须为indigent的被告提供一名由国家出资的律师(indigentdefendantsmustbeprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpense)……”,从atstateexpense(国家出资)可以推测,indigent应该是指“没有钱的”被告,C项意思与之相近。因此,该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A项“富有的”根据解题思路可知,与原文相反,属于反向干扰;

B项“犯罪的”和D项“天真的”没有提到,属于无中生有。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatO.J.Simpsonwasprobably______.2.从文章中可以推断,O.J.Simpson可能是______。

A.apersonwhowasfoundnotguiltybecausehehiredaverygoodlawyerA.一个因为雇了一个很好的律师而被判无罪的人

B.apersonwhowonhiscasebecausehewasprovidedwithalawyeratstateexpenseB.一个因为国家出钱请了律师而胜诉的人

C.apersonwhowasdeniedalawyerandthuslosthiscaseinthecourtC.拒绝请律师而在法庭上败诉的人

D.abrilliantlawyerwhowonnumerouscasesfortheaveragepoorpeopleD.他是一位杰出的律师,为普通穷人打赢了许多官司

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第一段前两句“在美国竞争激烈的法律体系中,优秀的律师是必不可少的。问问O.J.Simpson吧。”,从中可知,在美国法律体系中,想要打赢官司,一个优秀的律师是必不可少的,后面的一句“问问O.J.Simpson吧”我们可以推测,O.J.Simpson应该是一个请了一位优秀的律师的人,他对于雇一个优秀的律师深有体会,A项“一个因为雇了一个很好的律师而被判无罪的人”符合题意。因此,该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“一个因为国家出钱请了律师而胜诉的人”和D项“他是一位杰出的律师,为普通穷人打赢了许多官司”,根据解题思路可知,这两项和原文第一句没有关系,属于张冠李戴;

C项“拒绝请律师而在法庭上败诉的人”,从第一段第一句中的“优秀律师”可以推测,O.J.Simpson不太可能败诉,该项属于反向干扰。

第3题:3.【选项释义】

3.Whatistheauthor’sviewofAmerica’sadversariallegalsystem?3.作者如何看待美国的对抗性法律制度?

A.Itistheembodimentoftheidealofequalitybeforethelaw.A.它是法律面前人人平等理想的体现。

B.Itisthefairestcriminal-justicesystemintheworld.B.它是世界上最公平的刑事司法系统。

C.Asitis,itbenefitstherichbutworksagainstthepoor.C.事实上,它对富人有利,但对穷人不利。

D.Itisunfairbynatureandshouldbeoverhauled.D.这种做法本质上是不公平的,应该进行彻底改革。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据关键词adversariallegalsystem定位至文章第三段的内容“我们有一个以财富为基础的司法体系,对富人来说,它是镀金的。对一般穷人来说,这就像被赶进屠宰场。在许多地方,穷人几乎不存在对抗体制。”,从该段内容我们可以知道,对抗体制对于富人来说是有用的,但是对于穷人来说几乎不存在,因此C项“事实上,它对富人有利,但对穷人不利”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“它是法律面前人人平等理想的体现”可以定位到原文第一段最后一句“当时(Atthetime),这一决定被誉为正义的胜利,体现了美国致力于法律面前人人平等的理想(thedecisionwashailedasatriumphforjustice)。”,当时人们觉得美国的对抗性法律制度体现了美国致力于法律面前人人平等的理想,但结合解题思路可知,事实并非如此,对抗性法律制度对于富人是好的,对于穷人来说就像没有,根本体现不了公平,属于反向干扰;

B项“它是世界上最公平的刑事司法系统”根据解题思路可知,这个制度根本不平等,该项属于反向干扰;

D项“这种做法本质上是不公平的,应该进行彻底改革”,原文中未提到对抗性法律制度要彻底改革,属于无中生有。

第4题:4.【选项释义】

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?4.下列哪个陈述是正确的?

A.Lawyerswhoprovidedefenseforthepooroftenworkheroicallyforlittleornopayatall.A.为穷人提供辩护的律师经常努力地工作,但报酬很少或根本没有。

B.Ascrimerateincreases,Americanpoliticianshavebecomemoretoleranttowardscrimethanbefore.B.随着犯罪率的上升,美国的政客们对犯罪的容忍度比以前更高了。

C.InAmerica,ifapersonrefusestoacceptthejudgmentofalowercourt,hecanalwaysappealtotheSupremeCourt.C.在美国,如果一个人拒绝接受下级法院的判决,他总是可以向最高法院上诉。

D.Government-providedlawyerstendtogothroughtheformalitiesofdefenseandprovetobenomatchfortheprosecutors.D.政府提供的律师往往会完成辩护的流程,并且无法与检察官对抗。

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第二段最后两句“今天,许多贫穷的被告,包括那些面临长期监禁甚至死刑的人,都要接受‘与他们见面并为他们辩护’的流程,在简短的咨询中,一个忙碌或不称职的律师鼓励他们认罪,如果失败,律师就在短时间的审判中挣扎,然后被一个更有经验、薪水更高、准备更充分的检察官胜诉。”,从中可知,政府提供的律师往往都是走一个流程,他们会鼓励被告认罪,如果被告不认罪,他们也无法在申诉中赢过准备更充分的检察官,D项“政府提供的律师往往会完成辩护的流程,并且无法与检察官对抗”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“为穷人提供辩护的律师经常努力地工作,但报酬很少或根本没有”,根据最后一段第一句“当然,许多律师为一些特定的被告(particulardefendants)付出了巨大的努力,但报酬很少或没有报酬”可知,A项中的thepoor(穷人)与原文中的particulardefendants(特定的被告)不符,属于曲解原文;

B项“随着犯罪率的上升,美国的政客们对犯罪的容忍度比以前更高了”,根据第二段中的第二句“……在过去的二十年里,政客们急于严厉打击犯罪(butoverthepasttwodecadestheeagernessofpoliticianstolookharshoncrime)……”,可知,该项与原文相反,属于反向干扰;

C项“在美国,如果一个人拒绝接受下级法院的判决,他总是可以向最高法院上诉”中的lowercourt(下级法院)没有提及,属于无中生有。

6.单选题

Thegovernmenthasdevotedalargersliceofitsnational()toagriculturethanmostothercountries.

问题1选项

A.resources

B.potential

C.budget

D.economy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:相比大多数其它国家,这个政府将其较大部分的预算用于农业发展。

考查名词辨析。resources资源,财力,才智;potential潜能,可能性,电势;budget预算,预算费;economy经济,节约。因此C符合。

7.单选题

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobIwouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonatureinsomesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingtoacommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucanseefromyourwindowissky,orblocksofflats.Childrenbecomeaggressiveandnervous--—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.D.Strangelyenough,whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,nowadayspeopleonthesamefloorintowerblocksdon'tevensayhellotoeachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolatedexistenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsofsmallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereisalwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehasdisadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsinavillage,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportanteventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanewshoworthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoftenoppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquiet.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceandquiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsafeelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmainadvantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings,andthatlifedoesn’tcometoanendathalf-pastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)acompromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommutingdistanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby.I’mkeenontheidea,butyouseethere’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshairandexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthoseheartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening.

1.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobeunhappy

EXCEPT.

3.ThepassageimpliesthatitiseasytobuythefollowingthingsinthecountryEXCEPT_______.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbestdescribesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

5.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

问题1选项

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoworkinthecity

C.livesinthecountry

D.worksinthecity

问题2选项

A.lackofcommunication

B.astrongsenseoffear

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

问题3选项

A.designerclothes

B.dailynecessities

C.freshfruits

D.freshvegetables

问题4选项

A.Original

B.Hospitable

C.Arrogant

D.Insensitive

问题5选项

A.Yes,hewilldoso

B.Itisdifficulttotell

C.No,hewillnotdoso

D.Heisintwominds

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一段第一句话Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseofalargecity可知选项D符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据文章第二段第二句话Themajorityofthepopulationlivesinmassivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal可以排除选项C;根据第二段第三句话可以排除选项A;根据第二段倒数第二句话可以排除选项D,因此选项B符合题意。

3.细节事实题。文章第三段倒数第二句话提到购物成了一个重要的问题(Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andforanythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothenearestlargetown),因此在乡村中很难买到时尚的衣服,选项A符合题意。

4.判断推理题。文章第四段最后一句话提到他们把这些想法强加给那些不情愿的原始村民(Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityastheplasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasaboutchangeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginalinhabitantsofthevillages),由此可以推测出这些人是傲慢的,选项C符合题意。original“原来的;首创的”;hospitable“热情友好的”;insensitive“未意识到的”。

5.推理判断题。作者在最后一段提到了他的猫,以猫喻人,来说明自己更有愿意待在城市中(No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-coalfireanyevening),因此选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Thebedhasbeen()inthefamily.Itwasmygreat-grandmother’soriginally.

问题1选项

A.handedout

B.handedover

C.handeddown

D.handedround

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项handout“分发;施舍”,B选项handover“移交;提交”,C选项handdown“宣布;把……传下去”,D选项handaround“分发;传阅”;然后我们带入原句可以发现原句想表达的意思应该是这张床是家里流传下来的,因此C选项符合题意。句意为:这张床是家里传下来的。原来是我曾祖母的。

9.单选题

Theyarewell______witheachothersincetheyoncestudiedinthesameuniversity.

问题1选项

A.acquainted

B.recognized

C.acknowledged

D.identified

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.acquainted熟悉;了解B.recognized辨别出;意识到

C.acknowledged承认(属实)D.identified确认;认出

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据since原因状语从句的内容“因为他们曾在同一所大学学习”可推知,Theyarewell______witheachother表示的是“他们互相了解、熟悉对方”,所以空格处表示“熟悉”,而beacquaintedwith也是常见搭配,表示“与……相识;了解”,所以该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】

B、C项不符合句意;

D项指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等,不符合句意。

【句意】因为他们曾在同一所大学学习,所以彼此很熟悉。

10.单选题

Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe(

)ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.

问题1选项

A.deterioration

B.differentiation

C.diversion

D.donation

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项deterioration“恶化”;B选项differentiation“变异”;C选项diversion“转移,消遣”;D选项donation“捐赠”。句意:医生们非常担心手术后病人的病情恶化。选项A符合句意。

11.单选题

Ifaforeignobjectbecomeslodgedintheeye,medicalhelpisnecessary.

问题1选项

A.depositedin

B.residedin

C.blurryto

D.isolatedfrom

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。lodgein意为“固定在,留在”;depositin意为“存放,存在”;residein意为“居住,存在于”;blurryto意为“模糊到”;isolatefrom意为“与……隔离”。

句意:如果有异物卡在眼睛内,需要医疗救助。

12.单选题

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Therecentfindingofachangedgeneinobesemice.

B.Abreakthroughinunderstandinggenemodification.

C.Anewlydiscoveredwayforpeopletoloseweight.

D.Theself-repairingabilityofageneinobesemice.

问题2选项

A.Itrendersanorganismunabletofightdiseases.

B.Itpreventsthemice’sfattytissuesfromgrowing.

C.Ithelpsorganismsadapttoenvironmentalchanges.

D.Itrendersmiceunabletosensewhentostopeating.

问题3选项

A.Humanbeingshavemoreobesitygenesthanmostmicedo.

B.Halfofaperson’stotalweightvariationcanbecontrolled.

C.Peoplearebornwithatendencytohaveacertainweight.

D.Thefunctionoftheobesitygenesisyettobeexplored.

问题4选项

A.Theworseningofnaturalenvironment.

B.Theabundantprovisionofrichfoods.

C.Theacceleratedpaceofpresent-daylife.

D.Theadverseimpactofthefoodindustry.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

【解析】PassageTwo

[12]Publicinterestwasarousedbythelatestdiscoveryofachangedgeneinobesemice.ThenewswasmadeknownbyRockefellerUniversitygeneticistJeffreyFriedman.Theresearchersbelievethisgeneinfluencesdevelopmentofahormonethattellsorganismhowfatorfullitis.[13]Thosewiththechangedgenemaynotsensewhentheyhaveeatenenoughoriftheyhavesufficientfattytissue,andthuscan’ttellwhentostopeating.

Theresearchersalsoreportedfindingagenenearlyidenticaltothemouseobesitygeneinhumans.Theoperationofthisgeneinhumanshasnotyetbeendemonstrated,however.[14]Still,professionalslikeUniversityofVermontpsychologistEstherRothblumreactedenthusiastically,“Thisresearchindicatesthatpeoplereallyarebornwithatendencytohaveacertainweight,justastheyaretohaveaparticularskincolororheight.”

Actually,behavioralgeneticistsbelievethatlessthanhalfofthetotalweightvariationisprogrammedinthegenes,whileheightisalmostentirelygeneticallydetermined.Whateverrolegenesplay,Americansaregettingfatter.AsurveybytheCenterforDiseaseControlfoundthatobesityhasincreasedgreatlyoverthelast10years.[15]Suchrapidchange

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