版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川商务职业学院押题密卷附带答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题
9.Ifthereisanyendeavourwhosefruitsshouldbefreelyavailable,thatendeavourissurelypubliclyfinancedscience.Morally,taxpayerswhowishtoshouldbeabletoreadaboutitwithoutfurtherexpense.Andscienceadvancesthroughcross-fertilizationbetweenprojects.Barrierstothatexchangeslowitdown.
10.Thereisawidespreadfeelingthatthejournalpublisherswhohavemediatedthisexchangeforthepastcenturyormorearebecominganimpedimenttoit.OneofthelatestconvertsistheBritishgovernment.OnJuly16itannouncedthat,from2013,theresultsoftaxpayer-financedresearchwouldbeavailable,freeandonline,foranyonetoreadandredistribute.
11.Britain’sgovernmentisnotalone.OnJuly17theEuropeanUnionfollowedsuit.Itproposesmakingresearchpaidforbyitsnextscientific-spendinground-whichrunsfrom2014to2020,andwillhandoutabout€80billion,or$100billion,ingrants-similarlyeasytogetholdof.InAmerica,theNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH,thesinglebiggestsourceofcivilianresearchfundsintheworld)hasrequiredopen-accesspublishingsince2008.AndtheWellcomeTrust,aBritishfoundationthatistheworld'ssecond-biggestcharitablesourceofscientificmoney,aftertheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,alsoinsiststhatthosewhoreceiveitssupportmaketheirworkavailablefree.
12.Criticismofjournalpublishersusuallyboilsdowntotwothings,Oneisthattheirprocessestakemonths,whentheinternetcouldallowthemtotakedays,Theotheristhatbecauseeachpaperislikeamini-monopoly,whichworkersinthefieldhavetoreadiftheyaretoadvancetheirownresearch,thereisnoincentivetokeepthepricedown.Thepublishersthushavescientists•or,moreaccurately,theiruniversities,whichpaythesubscriptions-inanarmlock.That,combinedwiththefactthattherawmaterial(manuscriptsofpapers)isfree,leadstogenerousreturns.In2011Elsevier,alargeDutchpublisher,madeaprofitof£768monrevenuesof£2.06billion-amarginof37%.Indeed,Elsevier'sprofitsarethoughtsoegregiousbymanypeoplethat12,000researchershavesigneduptoboycottthecompany’sjournals.
13.Publishersdoprovideaservice.Theyorganizepeerreview,inwhichpapersarecriticizedanonymouslybyexperts(thoughthoseexperts,liketheauthorsofpapers,areseldompaidforwhattheydo).Theyalsosortthescientificsheepfromthegoats,bydecidingwhatgetspublished,andwhere.Thatgivesthepublishershugepower.Sinceresearchers,administratorsandgrant-awardingbodiesalltakenoteofwhichworkhasgotthroughthisfilteringmechanism,thecompetitiontopublishinthebestjournalsisintense,andthesystembecomesself-reinforcing,increasingthevalueofthosejournalsstillfurther.
14.Butnot,perhaps,formuchlonger.Supporthasbeenswellingforopen-accessscientificpublishing:doingitonline,inawaythatallowsanyonetoreadpapersfreeofcharge.Themovementstartedamongscientiststhemselves,butgovernmentsarenow,asBritain'sannouncementmakesclear,payingattentionandaskingwhethertheytoomightbenefitfromthechange.
15.TheBritishannouncementfollowedthepublicationofareportbyDameJanetFinch,asociologistattheUniversityofManchester,whichrecommendsencouragingabusinessmodeladoptedbyoneofthepioneersofopen-accesspublishing,thePublicLibraryofScience.Thisorganization,acharitybasedinSanFrancisco,chargesauthorsafee(between$1,350and$2,900,thoughitiswaivedincasesofhardship)andthenmakestheirpapersavailableovertheinternetfornothing.ForPLoS,asthecharityiswidelyknown,thisworkswell.Ithaslaunchedsevenwidelyrespectedelectronicjournalssinceitsfoundationin2000.Forreasonslostinhistory,thisisknownasthegoldmodel.
16.TheNIH’sapproachisdifferent.Itletsresearcherspublishintraditionaljournals,butonconditionthat,withinayear,theyposttheirpapersonafree"repository"websitecalledPubMed.Journalshavetoagreetothis,orbeexcludedfromtheprocess.Thisisknownasthegreenmodel.
17.Bothgoldandgreenmodelsinvolvepre-publicationpeerreview.Butathirddoesawaywitheventhat.Manyscientists,physicistsinparticular,nowuploaddraftsoftheirpapersintopublicarchivespaidforbynetworksofuniversitiesforthegeneralgood.(Themostpopularisknownas"arXivn,themiddleletterbeingaGreekchi.)Here,manuscriptsaresubjecttoaruthlessprocessofopenpeerreview,ratherthanthesecretsorttraditionalpublishersemploy.AnarXivedpapermayendupinatraditionaljournal,butthatismerelytoprovideapublicmarkofapprovalfortheresearchteamwhowroteit.Itsactualpublicationanditsvaluetootherscientistsdatefromitsoriginalarrivalonline.
18.ThesuccessofPLoS,andthepoliticalshifttowardsopenaccess,isencouragingothernewventurestoo.Seeingthewritingonthewall,severalcommercialpublishersareexperimentingwithgold-modelpublishing.Meanwhile,laterthisyearacoalitionoftheWellcomeTrust,theMaxPlanckInstitute(whichrunsmanyofGermany'sleadinglaboratories)andtheHowardHughesMedicalInstitutewillpublishthefirsteditionofeLife,anopen-accessjournalwithambitionstorivalthemostfamousjournalofthelot,Nature.Thedeeppocketsoftheseorganizationsmeanthat,forthefirstfewyearsatleast,thisjournalwillnotevenrequireapublicationfee.
19.Muchremainstobeworkedout.Somefearthelossofthetraditionaljournals*curationandverificationofresearch.EvenSirMarkWalport,thedirectoroftheWellcomeTrustandafierceadvocateofopen-accesspublication,worriesthatasystembasedonthegreenmodelcouldbecomefragmented.ThatmighthappenifthenewlyliberatedpapersendedupindifferentplacesratherthanbeingconsolidatedinthewaytheNIHinsistson.ButresearchjustpublishedinBMCMedicine(anopen-accessjournalfromSpringer)suggestspapersinopen-accessjournalsareaswidelycitedasthoseintraditionalpublications.
20.Arevolution,then,hasbegun.Technologypermitsit;researchersandpoliticianswantit.
Ifscientificpublishersarenottremblingintheirboots,theyshouldbe.
1.TheopeningparagraphsoftextBseemtoindicatethat(
)
2.AccordingtotextB,theBillandMelindaGatesFoundation(
).
3.TextBstatesthatpeoplewhoareunhappywithpublishersofscientificjournals(
).
4.Whenscientificpaperspassthroughpeerreview,(
).
5.Thewordegregiousinparagraph12means(
).
6.InthepublicationmodelsdescribedintextB,peerreviewoccurs(
).
7.Paragraph18(
).
8.TowardstheendoftextB,theauthormentionstheconcernsofSirMarkWalport,who(
).
9.IfonecomparestextAandtextB,onecanseethat(
).
问题1选项
A.scientistsareangeredbythepublicationpracticesthattheyconfrontintheirwork.
B.commercialpublishersareincreasinglyseenasanegativefactorinscience.
C.commercialpublishersareneededmorethaneverinordertoseparategoodresearchfrompoorresearch.
D.lessgoodresearchisappearingasaresultofthecontrolexercisedbyjournalpublishers.
问题2选项
A.isaveryimportantprovideroffundingforscientificresearch.
B.requiresthatresearcherssupportedbytheFoundationmaketheirfindingsfreelyavailabletothepublic.
C.followstheexamplesetbytheNIHinAmerica.
D.hasamonopolyonanyresearchresultsproducedbyscientistsitsupports.
问题3选项
A.objecttotheirslownessandthehighcostofthejournals.
B.thinkthatsuchjournalsshouldbeabolishedasanobstacletofreespeech.
C.criticizeabovealltheunfairnessofchoosingsomearticlesforpublicationandnotothers.
D.blamethemfortheslowpaceofscientificprogressinrecentyears.
问题4选项
A.theyarebeinggradedandassignedtodifferentlevelsofpublication.
B.governmentofficialsdecidewhatresearchisworthyofpublication.
C.researchersarebeingpaidtocriticizetheworkoffellowresearchers.
D.scientistsareevaluatingtheworkofotherscientistsintheirfield
问题5选项
A.somewhatunfavorable
B.quiteunnecessary
C.strikinglyunreasonable
D.clearlybizarre
问题6选项
A.beforepublicationinthefirsttwo,afterpublicationinthethird
B.insecretandwithoutthenameofthereviewersbeingknown
C.forpapersinsomescientificfieldsbutnotinothers
D.inexactlythesameway.Peerreviewisnotanissue
问题7选项
A.seemstoindicatethatmostjournalpublishersareresistinganychange.
B.makesitclearthatthepresentpublishingarrangementsaredoomed
C.providessupportforthestrongassertionsinthefinalparagraphofthetext.
D.ineffectpredictsthatthecommercialpublisherswillwininthestrugglewithfreeopen-accesspublication.
问题8选项
A.fearsthatthequalityofscientificpublishingiscurrentlyindecline.
B.stronglysupportsthegreenmodelovercurrentarrangementsandotherpublishingmodels.
C.believesthattheweaknessesofthegreenmodelcaneasilyberemediedbytheuseofopen-accessrepositorywebsitesforresearch.
D.worriesthatgoodpaperspublishedinopen-accessjournalsandrepositoriesmaynotreceivetheattentionthattheydeserve.
问题9选项
A.bothtextsarestraightforwardreports,i.e.objectivepresentationsoffacts.
B.textBisbasicallyadiscussionessayadvancingcertainopinions,whiletextAisasimplereport.
C.bothtextsareintendedtowinthereaderovertocertainviews.
D.textAisintendedtowinsupportforacertaindirectioninresearch,whereastextBexplainsadilemmainstraightforwardterms,withouttakingapositionofanysort
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:A
第4题:D
第5题:C
第6题:A
第7题:C
第8题:D
第9题:B
【解析】1.推理判断题。题干意思为“文章B开始的段落似乎为了指出……”。第十段指出:Thereisawidespreadfeelingthatthejournalpublisherswhohavemediatedthisexchangeforthepastcenturyormorearebecominganimpedimenttoit(人们普遍认为,在过去一个世纪或更多时间调停这个交换(即科研成果)的期刊出版商正成为该调停的障碍。可知B项“商业出版商正越来越被看成是科学的消极因素”正确。
2.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第11段:AndtheWelcomeTrust,aBritishfoundationthatistheworld'ssecond-biggestcharitablesourceofscientificmoney,aftertheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,alsoinsiststhatthosewhoreceiveitssupportmaketheirworkavailablefree(另外,仅次于比尔和梅林达盖茨基金会,作去世界上第二大慈善科研资金来源的英国维康信托基金会,也坚持要求那些接受它支持的对象必须公开科研成果)。由此可知A项“一个重要的科研资金提供者”正确.。
3.细节事实题。由第十二段第一句指出:Criticismofjournalpublishersusuallyboilsdowntotwothings,Oneisthattheirprocessestakemonths,whentheinternetcouldallowthemtotakedays,Theotheristhatbecauseeachpaperislikeamini-monopoly,whichworkersinthefieldhavetoreadiftheyaretoadvancetheirownresearch,thereisnoincentivetokeepthepricedown(对期刊出版商的批评通常归结为两件事,一是他们的过程需要几个月,当互联网允许他们花上几天的时间时,另一个是因为每一份报纸都像一个小的垄断,如果他们想提高自己的阅读水平,这一领域的工作人员必须阅读,没有降价的空间),可知A项“抗议他们(出版商)的速度慢和期刊的高价格”正确。
4.细节事实题。题干说“当科学论文通过同行评审时…”。第十三段:Theyorganizepeerreview,inwhichpapersarecriticizedanonymouslybyexperts(thoughthoseexperts,liketheauthorsofpapers,areseldompaidforwhattheydo)(他们(即出版商)组织同行评审,在该评审中专家们不具名地对论文进行评论(但是这些专家如论文的作者样很少为自己的工作而得到报酬))。由此可知D项“科学家将评价自己领域其它科学家的工作”正确。
5.词义题。根据题干定位至第十二段:Indeed,Elsevier'sprofitsarethoughtsoegregiousbymany
peoplethat12,000researchershavesigneduptoboycottthecompany'sjournals(的确,爱思唯尔(世界领先的科技及医学出版公司)的利润被许多人认为是如此……,以致1.2万名研究者签名去联合抵制这家公司的期刊)。由此推测egregious的意思为“非常不合理的;过分的”。
6.细节事实题。由第17段中“Bothgoldandgreenmodelsinvolvepre-publicationpeerreview.Butathirddoesawaywitheventhat.金色和绿色模式涉及出版前同行评审,但是第三种模式经常不用在出版前进行同行评审”知A项“在前两种(出版模式)中发生在出版前,在第三中(出版模式)发生在出版后”正确
7.推理判断题。第十八段:Thedeeppocketsoftheseorganizationsmeanthat,forthefirstfewyearsatleast,thisjournalwillnotevenrequireapublicationfee(这些组织的雄厚财力意味着至少在前几年这个期刊将甚至不需要出版费)及第二句:severalcommercialpublishersareexperimentingwithgold-modelpublishing(几个商业出版商正在试用金色模式的出版)。可推知“作者对传统的科学期刊出版商的担忧”,这为第二十段中的“Ifscientificpublishersarenottremblingintheirboots,theyshouldbe.如果科学出版商没有觉得担心的话,那么他们应该开始担心了”提供了论据支持,故C项“为文章最后一段中的有力的断言提供了支持”正确。
8.推理判断题。根据题干定位至文章后面第十九段:ButresearchjustpublishedinBMCMedicine(anopen-accessjournalfromSpringer)suggestspapersinopen-accessjournalsareaswidelycitedasthoseintraditionalpublications(但是《BMC医学》(斯普林格的一个开放阅览期刊)最近公布的调查显示开放阅览期刊被引用的广泛程度和传统期刊一样多)中的but“但是”表转折的对应可推测“MarkWalport先生担心开放阅览期刊相比传统期刊可能收不到应有的关注”,由此知D项“担心发布在开放阅览期刊和存放处上的好论文可能受不到它们应有的关注”正确。
9.主旨大意题。文章A中最后一段引用教授JamesHorne的话来对教授Dijk的研究进行评价及文章A全文都在用报告的方式进行叙述,因此文章A是一个简单的报告文章,而文章B中大多数段落如第13段首句“Publishersdoprovideaservice.出版商确实也提供服务”、第19段首句“Muchremainstobeworkedout.还需要解决很多事情”等提出观点后再论证”知文章B基本上是提出某些观点的一个议论文,由此知B项“文章B基本上是提出某些观点的一个议论文,而文章A是一篇简单的报告文章”正确;
2.单选题
Accordingtolegalprovisions,thepropertieswilleither____theoriginalownersorelsebesoldatauction.
问题1选项
A.committo
B.taketo
C.rompto
D.revertto
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“committo”,意为“交付,把……投入,对……作出承诺”,B选项“taketo”,意为“带到,养成(做……)的习惯”,C选项“rompto”,意为“轻松”,D选项revertto,意为“回复,归还”。句意:根据法律规定,这些财产要么归原有者所有,要么被拍卖。因此,D选项符合句意。
3.单选题
Itis(
)thattheInternetisexertingagrowingimportantinfluenceonpeople’slives.
问题1选项
A.indistinctive
B.indissoluble
C.indispensable
D.indisputable
【答案】D
【解析】考查形近形容词词义辨析。indistinctive“无特色的,不显著的”;indissoluble“不能分解的,不能溶解的”;indispensable“不可缺少的”;indisputable“明白的,无可争议的”。根据句意“互联网对人们的生活起到了越来越重要的影响”,这个事实是无可争议的,所以选项D符合题意。
4.单选题
Wemovedtothenewhouseinthesuburbssothatthekidswouldhaveagarden______.
问题1选项
A.inwhichtoplay
B.toplaywith
C.toplay
D.wheretoplay
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我们搬到了郊区的新房子,这样孩子们就有一个可以玩耍的花园。横线部分是修饰garden的定语从句,根据词组playinagarden确定有介词in,根据花园用来玩的目的确定有to,A选项inwhichtoplay符合题意。D选项wheretoplay引导地点状语从句,garden本身表示地点,故错误。因此A选项正确。
5.单选题
Overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors―habits—amongconsumers.Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacksorwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.
“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan’tfigureouthowtochangepeople’shabits,”saidDr.Curtis,thedirectoroftheHygieneCenterattheLondonSchoolofHygiene&TropicalMedicine.“Wewantedtolearnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewbehaviorsthathappenautomatically.”
ThecompaniesthatDr.Curtisturnedto-Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever―hadinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsfindingthesubtlecuesinconsumers’livesthatcorporationscouldusetointroducenewroutines.
Ifyoulookhardenough,you’llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday—chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.Acenturyago,fewpeopleregularlybrushedtheirteethmultipletimesaday.Today,becauseofshrewdadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrands.
Afewdecadesago,manypeopledidn’tdrinkwateroutsideofameal.Thenbeveragecompaniesstartedbottlingtheproductionoffar-offspring,andnowofficeworkersunthinkinglysipbottledwateralldaylong.Chewinggum,onceboughtprimarilybyadolescentboys,isnowfeaturedincommercialsasabreathfreshenerandteethcleanserforuseafterameal.Skinmoisturizersareadvertisedaspartofmorningbeautyritualsslippedinbetweenhairbrushingandputtingonmakeup.
“Ourproductssucceedwhentheybecomepartofdailyorweeklypatterns.”saidCarolBeming,aconsumerpsychologistwhorecentlyretiredfromProcter&Gamblethecompanythatsold$76billionofTide,Crestandotherproductslastyear.“Creatingpositivehabitsisahugepartofimprovingourconsumers’lives,andit’sessentialtomakingnewproductscommerciallyviable.”
Throughexperimentsandobservation,socialscientistslikeDr.Beminghavelearnedthatthereispowerintyingcertainbehaviorstohabitualcuesthroughcruelandendlessadvertising.Asthisnewscienceofhabithasemerged,controversieshaveeruptedwhenthetacticshavebeenusedtosellquestionablebeautycreamsorunhealthyfoods.
1.AccordingtoDr.Curtis,habitslikehandwashingwithsoap(
).
2.Theexampleofbrushingteethshowsthatsomeofconsumer’shabitsaredevelopeddueto
3.Bottledwater,chewinggunandskinmoisturizersarementionedinParagraph5soasto
4.HowdidCarolBemingseecreatingautomaticbehaviorsamongconsumers?
5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtheinfluenceofadvertisingonpeople’shabits?
问题1选项
A.shouldbefurthercultivated
B.aredeeplyrootedinhistory
C.shouldbechangedgradually
D.arebasicallyprivateconcerns
问题2选项
A.perfectedartofproducts
B.commercialpromotions
C.automaticbehaviorcreation
D.scientificexperiments
问题3选项
A.showtheurgentneedofdailynecessities
B.revealtheirimpactonpeople’shabits
C.indicatetheireffectonpeople’sbuyingpower
D.manifestthesignificantroleofgoodhabits
问题4选项
A.Itmaynotbringhugeprofitsforcompanies.
B.Ithasbecomeanewfieldofscientificresearch
C.Itmeansaheavyinvestmentforcompanies
D.Itisnecessaryforthesuccessofnewproducts.
问题5选项
A.Indifferent
B.Negative
C.Positive
D.Biased
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:B
【解析】1.文章第二段第一句therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan’tfigureouthowtochangepeople’shabits提到这个博士的观点:因为我们不知道如何改变人们的习惯,所以有像手脏了而不用肥皂洗手的根本公共健康问题仍然是导致人类死亡的事物。而这种习惯需要培养。选项A符合题意。
2.文章第四段acenturyago,fewpeopleregularlybrushedtheirteethmultipletimesaday.Today,becauseofshrewdadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrands提到在广告普及之前很少有人会有规律地刷牙,由此可知选项B“商业促销”符合题意。
3.文章第五段提到人们以前从来不会在不用餐的情况下喝水。然后饮料公司开始生产灌装水,现在办公室的人会不假思索地喝水。曾经口香糖也大部分是青春期男孩购买,现在被商业广告塑造成清新口气和牙齿清新剂。这些都是因为人们的习惯被改变了。选项B符合题意。
4.文章倒数第二段第一句Ourproductssucceedwhentheybecomepartofdailyorweeklypatterns提到当产品成为每天或每周的生活方式时,这些产品就成功了。选项D符合题意。
5.文章最后一段最后一句Asthisnewscienceofhabithasemerged,controversieshaveeruptedwhenthetacticshavebeenusedtosellquestionablebeautycreamsorunhealthyfoods提到这些策略被用来销售有问题的美容膏或不健康的食品时,随之而来的便是无休止的争论。可知作者对商业广告影响人们的习惯是抱消极态度的。选项B符合题意。
6.单选题
Ingeneral,theamountthatastudentspendsforhousingshouldbeheldtoone-fifthofthetotal()forlivingexpenses.
问题1选项
A.acceptable
B.applicable
C.advisable
D.available
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项acceptable“可接受的”;B选项applicable“可适用的,合适的”;C选项advisable“明智的”;D选项available“可获得的”。句意:一般来说,学生可用于住房的钱应该占全部生活费的五分之一。availablefor意为“可用于……的”,所以选项D正确。
7.单选题
IwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburbanVirginialivingroom—awomen’sgroupthathadinvitedmentojointhem.Throughouttheeveningonemanhadbeenparticularlytalkative,frequentlyofferingideasandanecdotes,whilehiswifesatsilentlybesidehimonthecouch.TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon'ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.Hegesturedtowardhiswifeandsaid“She’sthetalkerinourfamily.”Theroomburstintolaughter;themanlookedpuzzledandhurt.“It’strue,”heexplained.“WhenIcomehomefromworkIhavenothingtosay.Ifshedidn’tkeeptheconversationgoing,we’dspendthewholeeveninginsilence.”
ThisepisodecrystallizestheironythatalthoughAmericanmentendtotalkmorethanwomeninpublicsituations,theyoftentalklessathome.Andthispatterniswreakinghavocwithmarriage.
ThepatternwasobservedbypoliticalscientistAndrewHackerinthelate1970s.SociologistCatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorceTalkthatmostofthewomensheinterviewed—butonlyafewofthemen—gavelackofcommunicationasthereasonfortheirdivorces.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.
Inmyownresearch,complaintsfromwomenabouttheirhusbandsmostoftenfocusednotontangibleinequities,suchas,havinggivenupthechanceforacareertoaccompanyahusbandtohisordoingfarmorethantheirshareofdailylife-supportworklikecleaning,cooking,socialarrangementsanderrands.Instead,theyfocusedoncommunication:“Hedoesn’tlistentome”“Hedoesn’ttalktome.”Ifound,asHackerobservedyearsbefore,thatmostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobe,firstandforemost,conversationalpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheirwives.
Inshort,theimagethatbestrepresentsthecurrentcrisisisthestereotypicalcartoonsceneofamansittingatthebreakfasttablewithanewspaperheldupinfrontofhisface,whileawomanglaresatthebackofit,wantingtotalk.
1.Whatismostwivesmainexpectationoftheirhusbands?
2.Judgingfromthecontext,thephrase“wreakinghavoc”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablymeans().
3.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT().
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemainideaofthistext?
5.Inthefollowingpartimmediatelyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyfocuson().
问题1选项
A.Talkingtothem.
B.Trustingthem.
C.Supportingtheircareers.
D.Sharinghousework.
问题2选项
A.generatingmotivation
B.exertinginfluence
C.causingdamage
D.creatingpressure
问题3选项
A.mentendtotalkmoreinpublicthanwomen.
B.nearly50percentofrecentdivorcesarecausedbyfailedconversation.
C.womenattachmuchimportancetocommunicationbetweencouples.
D.afemaletendstobemoretalkativeathomethanherspouse.
问题4选项
A.Themoraldecayingdeservesmoreresearchbysociologists.
B.Marriagebreak-upstemsfromsexinequalities.
C.Husbandandwifehavedifferentexpectationsfromtheirmarriage.
D.Conversationalpatternsbetweenmanandwifearedifferent.
问题5选项
A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceTalk
B.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalcartoon
C.otherpossiblereasonsforahighdivorcerateintheU.S.
D.abriefintroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewHacker
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:B
【解析】1.推理判断题。定位到文章第一段“TowardtheendoftheeveningIcommentedthatwomenfrequentlycomplainthattheirhusbandsdon’ttalktothem.Thismanquicklynoddedinagreement.”晚上快结束的时候,我评论说,女人经常抱怨她们的丈夫不跟她们说话。这个人立刻点头表示同意。由此可知大多数妻子都是希望丈夫和她们多多沟通的,因此选项A正确。
2.语义推测题。根据句意:这种模式正在对婚姻造成严重破坏。由此可知wreakinghavoc和causingdamage造成损害意义最为接近,因此选项C正确。
3.细节事实题。定位到文章第三段“Giventhecurrentdivorcerateofnearly50percent,thatamountstomillionsofcasesintheUnitedStateseveryyear—avirtualepidemicoffailedconversation.”。考虑到目前美国近50%的离婚率,每年在美国就会有数百万起这样的案例——这简直是一种谈话失败的流行病。美国有近50%的离婚率,但并不都是缺少交流引起的,因此选项B正确。
4.主旨大意题。整篇文章由一个真实场景引入到婚姻中的谈话沟通,谈论美国部分家庭的婚姻现状,主要探讨妻子和丈夫对于沟通部分不同看法以及做法,那丈夫在外健谈,在家很少说话的婚姻交谈模式以及妻子想要和丈夫谈话的迫切使得婚姻出现裂痕。选项D符合文意。
5.推理判断题。文章最后一段提到能代表当前危机的形象是一个典型的卡通场景,可以推断出作者接下来可能对这个卡通的一些细节进行展开,因此选项B符合题意。
8.单选题
Heresented(
)towait.Heexpectedtheminister(
)
himatonce.
问题1选项
A.tobeasked,tosee
B.beingasked,tosee
C.tobeasked,seeing
D.beingasked,seeing
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:他憎恨等待。他希望总理马上见他。resented后面一般直接接名词或者动词的现在分词形式;expect后面一般接不定式,所以答案选B。
9.单选题
Petroleumproducts,suchasgasoline,kerosene,homeheatingoil,residualfueloilandlubricatingoils,comefromonesource—crudeoilfoundbelowtheearth’ssurfaceaswellasunderlargebodiesofwater,fromafewhundredfeetbelowtheearth’ssurfacetoasdeepas25,000feetintotheearth’sinterior.Sometimescrudeoiliss
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 野生动物园铣刨料运输协议
- 油气管道渣土清理合同
- 环保摄影棚装修合同样本
- 机场绿化景观设计合同
- 家具城定点配送服务
- 足球场水电安装项目合同
- 酒类直采运输合同模板
- 美发沙龙大门装修合同样本
- 第三单元 角的度量 单元测试-2024-2025学年人教版数学四年级上册
- 二年级下册数学课堂课件-第3单元认识1000以内的数-冀教版(34张)
- 三年级上册美术第四课《纸拎袋》教案
- DCS系统巡检概念及详细方案
- 危险货物的运输防护措施
- 政府机关公务员个人简历表格
- 威廉斯创造力倾向测评量表
- 水的饱和蒸汽压与温度对应表
- 沥青混凝土路面面层专项施工方案
- 案件代理人的社区推荐函
- 《货代业务流程》ppt课件
- 我国连锁零售企业物流配送模式选择研究——以美宜佳便利店为例
- 合唱简谱《童年》
评论
0/150
提交评论