必修三unit1 Festivals around the world公开课一等奖省优质课大赛获奖课件

Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld1.Festivalsaremeanttocelebrateimportanttimesofyear.节日意在庆贺一年中主要日子。Cerebrate庆贺（仪式，庆典等），祝贺（以文章、演说等）颂扬，赞美celebrationn.庆贺，祝贺incelebrationof为了庆贺They

hissuccessandthe

lastedfourhours.（celebration）Theyheldaparty

theirfifitiethweddinganniversarycelebrate与congratulate主要差异celebrate宾语往往是节日、纪念日或事件congratulate宾语是人congratulatesbonsth/doingsth祝贺某人（做）某事2.Discusswhentheytakeplace,whattheycelebrateandwhetpeopledoatthattime.讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间举行，庆贺是什么，人们在那时做什么。takeplace发生takefirstplace取得第一名takeone’splace就坐，代替某人taketheplaceof代替inplaceof=insteadof代替Takeplace发生，举行，指事先经过安排事情Happen偶然发生，常带有未能预见意思

Sthhappen(s)tosb某人发生某事Occur发生，想起

Itoccurstosbthat···某人突然想起Breakout战争、火灾、疾病突然暴发Comeout发生、产生，多用于疑问句和否定句

Doyouknowhowtheairaccidentcameout？以上表示发生动词词组，均为不及物动词词组，不能用于进行时态，也不能用于被动语态3.Atthattimepeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind,especiallyduringthecoldwintermonths.在那个时代，假如食物难以找到，尤其是在严寒冬月，人们就会饿死。Starve使饿死，饿得要死Starvetodeath/bestarvedtodeath饿死

Millionsofpeoplehavestarvedtodeath.Starvetodosth渴望去做某事

Hestarvestoexploretheouterspace.Starveforsth渴望取得

Thepatient’sbrainstarvedforoxygenBestarving饿极了

Whenwillthedinnerbeready?I’mstarving.be+性质形容词+动词不定式句子中主语与动词不定式之间在逻辑上是被动关系，动词不定式仍用主动形式表示被动意义该结构常见形容词：easy,hard,difficult,impossible,pleasant,interesting,danderous,comfortableEg:Theproblemishardtosolve.theworkisimpossibletofinishnextmonth.误区警示在这种句式中，动词不定式并不强调主语跟他被动关系，而是表明形容词是其动作结果为了解方便，能够在动词不定式前加一个逻辑主语forsbThequestioniseasyformetoanswer假如动词不定式动词是不及物动词，要在动词后适当介词

Theroomispleasantforustolivein.DAtogettobreatheiseasytolearncomfortabletolivein4.FortheJapanesefestivalObon,peopleshouldgotocleangravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancessors.在日本盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓，烧香，以缅怀祖先Inmemoryof纪念，追悼Haveagood/badmemoryfor对···记忆力好/差Bringbackmemories引对往事回想“In+n+of”短语Dinmemoryofinfavor/supportofinhonor/memoryofinchargeof5.Onthisimportantfeastday,peopleeatfoodintheshapeofskullsandcakeswithbonesonthem.在这个主要节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状饰物和装点有“骨头“蛋糕。With复合结构With+宾语+名词Shediedwithhersonyetababy.With+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语Hesleptinthechairwiththedooropen.HeleftwithallthelightsonHecameinwithabookinhishand.With+宾语+现在分词Withalocalpeopleleadingtheway,wegotthereeasily.现在分词表示主动且正在进行动作With+宾语+过去分词Withtheproblemsolved,wefinishedtheworkontime.过去分词表示被动且完成动作With+宾语+动词不定式Withsomuchworktodo,Icouldn’tgowithyou.动词不定式表示将要发生动作误区警示With复合结构中，现在分词表示主动且正在进行动作，过去分词表示被动且完成动作，动词不定式表示将要发生动作，不过不能使用分词完成式。Withalltheworkhavingfinished,hewenthome.Withalltheworkfinished,hewenthomeBgoingfixedopentofollowWithalotofhomeworktodo,Withallthecropsharvested6.Thewesternholidayhalloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.西方万圣节前夕也源自于人们古老信念，认为亡灵者灵魂会返回人间。Belief信心，信念；信任，依赖One’sbeliefisthat(=itisone’sbeliefthat)某人相信Have(no)beliefthatin（不）相信Have/holdbeliefthat相信····Beyondbelief令人难以置信Shakeone’sbeliefin动摇某人对···信心Believeinsb=havebeliefinsb信任某人Bedifferentfrom=differfrom与···不一样Bthatinahavebeliefinbeyondbelief7.Itisnowachildren’sfestival,whentheycandressupandgototheirneighbours’homestoaskforsweets.万圣节前夕如今成了孩子们节日，这天他们能够乔装打扮去邻居家要糖果吃。Dressup盛装，打扮dressupas装扮成dresssb/oneself给···穿衣服bedressedindressupdressedupasCtakeup占据，拿起makeup编造，组成turnup声音调大8.Iftheneughboursdonotgivanysweets,thechildrenmightplayatrickonthem.假如邻居什么糖果也不给，那么孩子们就可能捉弄他们。Trick

n.阴谋，恶作剧playatrick/trickson/uponsb捉弄某人v.坑骗，诈骗

tricksbintodoingsth骗得某人做某事

tricksboutofsth骗取某人某物链接cheatsbintodoingsth坑骗某人做某事cheatsboutofsth骗取某人某物foolsbintodoingsth坑骗某人做某事makefunof取笑laughat嘲笑playajoke/jokeson/uopnsb开某人玩笑9.IntheUSA,ColumbusDayisinmemoryofthearrivalofChristopherColumbusinthenewworld.美国哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发觉新大陆节日arrivaln.到来，抵达thearrivalof···到来Onthearrivalin/at···=onarrivingin/at一抵达=assoonassbarriveOn表示“一···就···”10.IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi,theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia’sindependencefromBritain.印度在十月二日有个全国性节日，纪念莫罕达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而取得独立领袖。Gainv.取得，得到，受益Hegainedexperiencefromthefailures.n.收益，赢利，财富Nopain,nogain不劳则无获Gainareputation取得声望Gainweight/speed/time增加体重/加紧速度/赢得时间Gainone’srepect/trust取得某人尊重/信任Gaintwominutes（钟表）快两分钟Independencen.独立，自主Gainindependencefrom脱离···而独立Independence是以后缀-ence结尾名词，其形容词为independent，其后缀为-entDifference-differentIntelligence-intelligentSilence-silentDependon=relyon依靠Bedependenton依赖依靠Beindependentof独立于，不受··约束It/Thatalldepends那得视情况而定11.Peoplearegratefulbecausetheirfoodisgatheredforthewinterandtheagriculturalworkisover.因为越冬粮食搜集起来了，农活也结束了，人们都心怀感激。Gatherv.聚集，集合，收拢，采集Gatheraround聚集，集合Gathertogether聚集起来，合拢Gatherin收割，收获Gatherup收捡起来12.Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce,likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.有些人还可能因为他们农产品而获奖，比如最大西瓜或最帅公鸡Awardn.奖，奖品win/getanawardfor因为···而获奖Vt.授予，给予，奖给awardsbsth=awardsthtosbaward奖品，奖励awardsbsthreward报答，酬劳rewardsbwithsth13.ChinaandJapanhavemid-autumnfestivals,whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina,enjoymooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。Admire赞美，钦佩，羡慕Admiresbforsth因某事而钦佩/羡慕某人admirationadmiring14.Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.最富有生气而最主要节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天日子。energetic充满活力，精力充沛（形容词）energy能量（名词）

lookforwardto期望，期待，期望lookforwardto+名词/动名词（-ing）lookafterlookbackonlookintolookthroughlookoutforlookuptolookdownon/upon照料回顾调查浏览注意，当心，留心仰慕，尊敬瞧不起，看不起含有介词to短语stickto坚持objectto反对belongto属于beusedto习惯于getdownto开始认真做devoteto致力于leadto造成referto参考，包括payattentionto注意beaccustomedto习惯于amlookingforwardtolookforwardtotravellingBcamemeeting15.Thecountry,coveredwithcherrytreeflowers,lookasthoughitiscoveredwithpinksnow.整个国度处处是盛开樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色雪。Asthough=asif似乎，好像在look,seem等连系动词后引导表语从句Itlooksasthoughheisfamiliarwiththisschool引导方式状语从句Theytalkedasthoughtheyhadbeengoodfriends当说话人认为句子所叙述不是事实或有极少可能发生或存在时，asthough从句要用虚拟语气asthough+普通过去式（与现在事实相反）Theladylooksasthoughsheweretwentyyearsold.asthough+过去完成时（与过去事实相反）WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhadbrokenthewindow?16.Peoplelovetogettogethertoeat,drinkandhavefunwitheachother.人们喜欢聚在一起吃喝玩乐。Havefun玩开心，尽情玩耍能够客观描述玩开心状态，也能够用来表示对即将度假或旅游者祝福“祝你们玩得开心”Havefunwithsb=wnjoyonselfwithsb=haveagoodtimewithsb跟某人一起尽情玩耍Havefunwithsth玩某物玩得开心Havefun（in）doingsth做某事很开心It’sgreatfuntodosth做某事很有趣误区警示Fun只能用作不可数名词，不能与冠词连用，能够用much，alotof，great等修饰。Funny为形容词“可笑，滑稽”It’sfunny17.Festivalsletusenjoylife,beproudofourcustomsandforgetourworkforalittlewhile.节日让我们享受生活，让我们为自己习俗而自豪，还能够暂时忘记工作中烦恼。customn.风俗，习惯customs有时还能够表示“海关”custom社会风俗习惯habit个人习惯practice既能够表示个人也能够表示社会BCCDAAABSectionBLearningaboutLanguage名词后缀-ation（加在动词后）表示动作状态或结果。

operation手术，invitation邀请，invention创造，contribution贡献，celebration庆贺形容词后缀-ous表示“含有···，有··特征”

dangerous危险，mountainous多山形容词后缀-al（接在名词后）表示“像···，与···相关”

cultural文化，natural自然，national国家2.Howeverbigthefool，thereisalwaysabiggerfooltoadmirehim.再大傻瓜也会发觉比他更傻人在赞美他。fooln.愚人，白痴，受骗者makeafoolof愚弄，捉弄v.坑骗，愚弄foolsbintodoingsth坑骗某人做某事foolsboutofsth骗取某人某物

foolish傻fool/trick/cheatsbintodoingsth坑骗某人做某事fool/trick/cheatsboutofsth骗取某人某物3.Youwanttoaskyourmumforpermissiontogowithyourfriendstothecinema.你想让你妈妈准许你和朋友们一起去看电影。permission许可，准许（不可数名词）asksbforpermission/askpermissionofsb请求某人准许givesbpermissiontodosth准许某人做某事withone’spermission/withthepermissionofsb经某人准许withoutpermission未经准许permitv。准许，许可语法知识情态动词情态动词情态动词表示说话人语气或情绪特征：有一定词义，但不能单独作谓语，后面接动词原形。普通没有些人称和数改变多数情态动词有现在时和过去时形式，如can/could,will/would,may/might.不过情态动词“时态”并不是区分时间主要标志。Can/could表示能力，常译为“能，会”Icanspeakenglish。表示请求或许可，常译为“能够”，could表示愈加委婉地请求-Can/couldIuseyourphone？-Ofcourse,youcan表示对现在或过去情况推测只用于疑问句或否定句

Canshebeintheclassroomnow？No,shecan’t表示对过去情况推测结构，用can/could+完成时Can表示理论上可能性，常译为“有时可能会”并不包括详细某事会发生，要表示详细某事会发生可能性时，要用may/mightCan/beabletoCan只有现在时和过去时，而beableto则有更多时态改变。Beableto可有未来时和完成时Iwillbeabletohelpyoutofinishthisjob.Ihaven’tbeenabletoansweryourletterCan普通指本身含有能力，而beableto表示经过努力后所含有能力，相当于managetodo或succeedindoing。May/might表示请请求获许可，常译为“能够”。Might语气比may更委婉。普通疑问句必定回答可用may或can，否定回答要用mustn’t（不许）或can’t（不可能）MayIcomein？Yes,youmay/can.No,youcan’t/mustn’t表示对现在或过去推测may/mighthavedoneMay惯用于祈使句，表示祝福Mayyousucceed！MayGodbelssyou！Must表示”必须“用于普通疑问句，必定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或donothavetoMustwehandinourhomeworktoday？Yes,youmustNo,youneedn’t/youdonn’thavetoMustn’t表示”不准许，禁止“Youmustn’tparkhere.Must表示推测Must+动词原形表示对现在或经常发生情况作必定推测。must否定式不是mustn’t，而是can’tIthinkthenewsmustbetrue.No,itcan’tbetrueMust+have+done表示对过去情况必定推测，反义：can’thavedoneItmusthaverainedlastnight.Itcan’thaverainedlastnight.Shall/shouldshallShall用于第一人称疑问句中，表示征求意见或请求指示shallI/we····？Shall用于第二、三人称陈说句中，表示说话人给对方命令，警告，许诺或威胁Heshalldoithimself！（命令）Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkhard（警告）Youshallgettheanswertomorrow（许诺）Heshallbepunished（威胁）Should“应该，有责任或义务做某事”，语气略逊于must，跟oughttodo

基本相同。should不是shall过去式Should+have+done“过去应该做而没有做”

Youshouldnothavetoldherthenews.Should有时表示“诧异，意外“等情绪，译为“竟然”。

It’sstrangethatheshouldbelate.Will/would表示请求、提议，用于第二人称疑问句Will/wouldyou···？表示意志、愿望和决心。“愿、要”。Would表示过去意愿和决心。Iwillneverdothatagain.Shesaidshewouldtakecareofthecat.表示规律性“注定会”OilwillfloatonwaterccBcDSectionCUsinglanguage1.Butshedidn’tturnup可是她却不见人影。Turnup抵达，出现，露面声音调大，增强···力量IfeelcoldandI’dliketoturntheheatupalittle。Turn+介词/副词turndown关小，拒绝 turnin上交turnoff 关掉 turnon打开turnover翻转 turnaround转向turnto求援于 turnout证实是，生产2.Shesaidshewouldbetherat7o’clock，andhethoughtshewouldkeepherword.她说她会在七点抵达，他认为她会守信用。Keepone’sword守信用，推行诺言Breakone’sword失信Eatone’sword收回序言Takebackone’sword收回某人话Haveawordwithsb与某人交谈Havewordswithsb与某人吵架Inaword简言之Inotherwords换句话说Leaveword换句话说Wordcamethat消息传来3.Well，hewasnotgoingtoholdhisbreathforhertoapologize.哎，他不想屏息等她来道歉。Holdone’sbreath屏息，屏气Takeadeepbreath深呼吸Loseone’sbreath喘不过气来Outofbreath气喘吁吁Apologizev道歉，谢罪，辩白Apoligizetosbforsth因做某事向某人道歉Apologize不能直接跟人作宾语，需要在人前加介词to。相同使用方法词：explain，announce，suggest，report，sayApologyn道歉，