2000-2013考研英语历年真题汇编汇总大全及答案解析（共14份）

关于本篇文档【2015考研必备】A版本:2014-6-4最新版文件类型:MicrosoftWord2003（纯文字）A标题:2015考研必备一考研英语历年真题汇总大全及答案解析A内容:2000ーー2013考研真题及答案解析（共14份）A关键字:2015考研真题答案统计信息：106页;60,004字;251,286字符字体字号：Arial;五号>页面信息：A4;纵向;页边距ー上下左右各1.5厘米;（左侧）装订线ー0厘米A特惠价:3元2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题及答案解析Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically. 1 ,atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed,predictionsofsuchasocietyhavebeen 2 fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition.Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpayment"wouldsoonrevolutionizethevery 3 ofmoneyitself,“onlytoitselfseveralyearslater.Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso 5 incoming?Althoughe-moneymightbemoreconvenientandmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper,severalfactorswork_6 thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisverytosetupthecomputer,cardreader,andtelecommunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe 8 formofpayment.Second,papercheckshavetheadvantagethattheyreceipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto 10 .Third,theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof"floaf'-ittakesseveraldays 11 acheckiscashedandfundsare 12 fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcanearninterestonthefundsinthemeantime. 13 electronicpaymentsareimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.Fourth,electronicmeansofpayment 14 securityandprivacyconcerns.Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation 15 there.Becausethisisnotan 16 occurrence,unscrupulouspersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand 17 fundsbymovingthemfromsomeoneelse*saccountsintotheirown.The 18 ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask,andawholenewfieldofcomputersciencehasdevelopedto 19 securityissues.Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic 20 thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldataonbuyinghabits.Thereareworriesthatgovernment,employers,andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyencroachingonourprivacy.[A]However[B]Moreover[C]Therefore[D]Otherwise[A]off[B]back[C]over[D]around[A]power[B]concept[C]history[D]role[A]reward[B]resist[C]resume[D]reverse[A]silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]steady[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]on[A]imaginative[B]expensive[C]sensitive[D]productive[A]similar[B]original[C]temporary[D]dominant[A]collect[B]provide[C]copy[D]print[A]giveup[B]takeover[C]bringback[D]passdown[A]before[B]after[C]since[D]when[A]kept[B]borrowed[C]released[D]withdrawn[A]Unless[B]Until[C]Because[D]Though[A]hide[B]express[C]raise[D]ease[A]analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]displayed[A]unsafe[B]unnatural[C]uncommon[D]unclear[A]steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return[A]consideration[B]prevention[C]manipulation[D]justification[A]copewith[B]fightagainst[C]adaptto[D]callfor[A]chunk[B]chip[C]path[D]trailSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Inanessayentitled"MakingItinAmerica,\theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday/1amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.11Davidson*sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution,whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.Inthepast,workerswithaverageskills,doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But.today.averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon*tearnyouwhatitusedto.ItcaNtwhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor,cheaprobotics,cheapsoftware,cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.Yes,newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere*sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes/*Inthe10yearsendingin2009,[U.S.]factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years;roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs-about6millionintotal-disappeared.Therewillalwaysbechanged-newjobs,newproducts,newservices.ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheLT.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover,therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment,butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG.I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustratetheimpactoftechnologicaladvancesthealleviationofjobpressuretheshrinkageoftextilemillsthedeclineofmiddle-classincomesAccordingtoParagraph3,tobeasuccessfulemployee,onehastoworkoncheapsoftwareaskforamoderatesalaryadoptanaveragelifestylecontributesomethinguniqueThequotationinParagraph4explainsthatgainsoftechnologyhavebeenerasedjobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeedfactoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbeforenewjobsandserviceshavebeenofferedAccordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment,themostimportantistoacceleratetheLT.revolutiontoensuremoreeducationforpeopleroadvanceeconomicglobalizationtopassmorebillsinthe21stcenturyWhichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext?NewLawTakesEffectTechnologyGoesCheapAverageIsOverRecessionIsBadText2Acenturyago,theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticinduedsettlersandsojourners.AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted.AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexanmle,eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood.Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,**uccellidipassaggio,"birdsofpassage.Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenemcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking,orourbrokenimmigrantionsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit.Wedon'tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories.Weneedtolookbeyondstrickdefinitionsoflegalandillegal.Tostart,wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers,entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth-careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday'sbirdsofpassage.Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork,moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.Withorwithoutpermission,theystraddlelaws,jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease.WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle.Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes.Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem.26"Birdsofpassage"referstothosewhoimmigrateacrosstheAtlantic.leavetheirhomecountriesforgood.stayinaforegintemporally.findpermanentjobsoverseas.27Itisimpliedinparagraph2thatthecurrentimmigrationstystemintheUSneedsnewimmigrantcategories.hasloosenedcontroloverimmigrants.shouldbeadoptedtomeetchallenges.hasbeenfixeedviapoliticalmeans.Accordingtotheauthor,toda/sbirdsofpassagewant fiancialincentives.aglobalrecognition.opportunitiestogetregularjobs.thefreedomtostayandleave.Theauthorsuggeststhatthebirdsofpassagetodayshouldbetreated_asfaithfulpartners.witheconomicfavors.withlegaltolerance.asmightyrivals.whichofthebesttitleforthepassage?comeandgo:bigmistake.livingandthriving:greatrisk.withorwithout:greatrisk.legalorillegal:bigmistake.Text3Scientistshavefoundthatalthoughwearepronetosnapoverreactions,ifwetakeamomentandthinkabouthowwearelikelytoreact,wecanreduceoreveneliminatethenegativeeffectsofourquick,hard-wiredresponses.Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,ourbrainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.Butweneedmoretimetoassessotherfactors.Toaccuratelytellwhethersomeoneissociable,studiesshow,weneedatleastaminute,preferablyfive.Ittakesawhiletojudgecomplexaspectsofpersonality,likeneuroticismoropen-mindedness.Butsnapdecisionsinreactiontorapidstimuliaren'texclusivetotheinterpersonalrealm.PsychologistsattheUniversityofTorontofoundthatviewingafast-foodlogoforjustafewmillisecondsprimesustoread20percentfaster,eventhoughreadinghaslittletodowitheating.Weunconsciouslyassociatefastfoodwithspeedandimpatienceandcarrythoseimpulsesintowhateverelsewe'redoing,Subjectsexposedtofast-foodflashesalsotendtothinkamusicalpiecelaststoolong.Yetwecanreversesuchinfluences.Ifweknowwewilloverreacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongoodsalesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.Ifweknowfemalejobscreenersaremorelikelytorejectattractivefemaleapplicants,wecanhelpscreenersunderstandtheirbiases-orhireoutsidescreeners.JohnGottman,themarriageexpert,explainsthatwequickly“thinslice"informationreliablyonlyafterwegroundsuchsnapreactionsin**thicksliced"long-termstudy.WhenDr.Gottmanreallywantstoassesswhetheracouplewillstaytogether,heinvitesthemtohisislandretreatforamucklongerevaluation;twodays,nottwoseconds.Ourabilitytomuteourhard-wiredreactionsbypausingiswhatdifferentiatesusfromanimals:dogecanthinkaboutthefutureonlyintermittentlyorforafewminutes.Buthistoricallywehavespentabout12percentofourdayscontemplatingthelongerterm.Althoughtechnologymightchangethewaywereact,ithasn'tchangedournature.Westillhavetheimaginativecapacitytoriseabovetemptationandreversethehigh-speedtrend.Thetimeneededinmakingdecisionsmay.varyaccordingtotheurgencyofthesituationprovethecomplexityofourbrainreactiondependontheimportanceoftheassessmentpredeterminetheaccuracyofourjudgmentOurreactiontoafast-foodlogoshowsthatsnaodecisions.canbeassociativearenotunconsciouscanbedangerousarenotimpulsiveToreversethenegativeinfluencesofsnapdecisions,weshould.trustourfirstimpressiondoaspeopleusuallydothinkbeforeweactaskforexpertadviceJohnGottmansaysthatreliablesnapreactionarebasedon.criticalassessment[B]uthinsliced"studysensibleexplanationadequateinformationTheauthor'sattitudetowardreversingthehigh-speedtrendis.tolerantuncertainoptimisticdoubtfulText4Europeisnotagender-equalityheaven.Inparticular,thecorporateworkplacewillneverbecompletelyfamily—friendlyuntilwomenarepartofseniormanagementdecisions,andEurope,stopcorporate-governancepositionsremainoverwhelminglymale.indeed,womenholdonly14percentofpositionsonEuropecorporateboards.TheEuropeUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionofwomen-upto60percent.Thisproposedmandatewasbornoffrustration.Lastyear,EuropeCommissionVicePresidentVivianeRedingissuedacalltovoluntaryaction.Redinginvitedcorporationstosignupforgenderbalancegoalof40percentfemaleboardmembership.Butherappealwasconsideredafailure:only24companiestookitup.DoweneedquotastoensurethatwomencancontinuetoclimbthecorporateLadderfairyastheybalanceworkandfamily?Tersonally,Idon*tlikequotas,MRedingsaidrecently."Butilikewhatthequotasdo.”Quotasgetaction:they“openthewaytoequalityandtheybreakthroughtheglassceiling,"accordingtoReding,aresultseeninFranceandothercountrieswithlegallybindingprovisionsonplacingwomenintopbusinesspositions.IunderstandReding'sreluctance-andherfrustration.Idon'tlikequotaseither;theyruncountertomybeliefinmeritocracy,governmentbythecapable.But,whenoneconsiderstheobstaclestoachievingthemeritocraticideal,itdoeslookasifafairerworldmustbetemporarilyordered.Afterall,fourdecadesofevidencehasnowshownthatcorporationsinEuropeastheUSareevadingthemeritocratichiringandpromotionofwomentotopposition—nomatterhowmuchusoftpressure'*isputuponthem.Whenwomendobreakthroughtothesummitofcorporatepower-as,forexample,SherylSandbergrecentlydidatFacebook—theyattractmassiveattentionpreciselybecausetheyremaintheexceptiontotherule.Ifappropriatepubicpolicieswereinplacetohelpallwomen—whetherCEOsortheirchildren'scaregivers-andallfamilies,Sandbergwouldbenomorenewsworthythananyotherhighlycapablepersonlivinginamorejustsociety.IntheEuropeancorporateworkplace,generally.womentaketheleadmenhavethefinalsaycorporategovernanceisoverwhelmedseniormanagementisfamily-friendlyTheEuropeanUnion'sintendedlegislationis.areflectionofgenderbalanceareluctantchoicearesponsetoReding'scallavoluntaryactionAccordingtiReding,quotasmayhelpwomen.gettopbusinesspositionsseethroughtheglassceilingbalanceworkandfamilyanticipatelegalresultsTheauthor'sattitudetowardReding'sappealisoneof.skepticismobjectivenessindifferenceapprovalWomenenteringtopmanagementbecomeheadlinesduetothelackof.moresocialjusticemassivemediaattentionsuitablepublicpoliciesgreater,4softpressure"PartBDirections:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext.ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)LivelikeapeasantBalanceyourdietShopkeepersareyourfriendsRemembertotreatyourselfSticktowhatyouneedPlanningiseverythingWastenot,wantnotThehugelypopularblogtheSkintFoodiechronicleshowTonybalanceshisloveofgoodfoodwithlivingonbenefits.Afterbills,Tonyhas£60aweektospend,£40ofwhichgoesonfood,but10yearsagohewasearning£130,000aIyearworkingincorporatecommunicationsandeatingatLondon'sbetftrestaurants'"atleasttwiceaweek.Thenhismarriagefailed,hiscareerburnedoutandhisdrinkingbecameserious."Thecommunitymentalhealthteamsavedmylife.AndIfeltlikethatagain,toacertaindegree,whenpeoplerespondedtotheblogsowell.ItgavemethevalidationandconfidencethatI'dlost.Butit'sstilladay-by-daything."Nowhe'slivinginacouncilflatandfieldingoffersfromliteraryagents.He'sfeelingpositive,buthe'llcarryonblogging-notabouteatingascheaplyasyoucan-"therearesomanypeopleinamuchworsestate,withbarelyanymoneytospendonfood"-buteatingwellonabudget.Here'shisadviceforeconomicalfoodies. Impulsivespendingisn'tanoption,soplanyourweek'smenuinadvance,makingshoppinglistsforyouringredientsintheirexactquantities.IhaveanExceltemplateforaweekofbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Stoplaughing:it'snotjustcosteffectivebuthelpsyoubalanceyourdiet.It'salsoagoodideatoshopdailyinsteadofweekly,because,being-human,you'llsometimeschangeyourmindaboutwhatyoufancy.42 Thisiswheresupermarketsandthci;anonymitycomeinhandy.Withthem,there'snotthesameembarrassmentaswhenbuyingonecarrotinalittlegreengrocer.Andifyouplanproperly,you'llknowthatyouonlyneed,say,350gofshinofbeefandsixrashersofbacon,notwhateverweightispre-packedinthesupermarketchiller.43 Youmayproudlyclaimtoonlyhavefrozenpeasinthefreezer-that'snotgoodenough.Mineisfilledwithleftovers,bread,stock,meatandfish.Planningaheadshouldeliminatewastage,butifyouhavesurplusvegetablesyou'lldoavegetablesoup,andallfruitsthreateningto"goofTwillbecookedorjuiced.44 Everyonesaysthis,butitreallyisatoptipforfrugaleaters.Shopatbutchers,delisandfish-sellersregularly,evenforsmallthings,andbesuperfriendly.Soonyou'llfeelcomfortableaskingifthey'veanyknucklesofhamforsoupsandstews,orbeefbones,chickencarcassesandfishheadsforstockwhich,moreoftenthannot,Theyilletyouhaveforfree.45 Youwon'tbeeatingoutalot,butsaveyourpenniesandonceeveryfewmonthstreatyourselftoasetlunchatagoodrestaurant-£1.75aweekforthreemonthsgivesyou£21-morethan"enoughforathree-courselunchatMichelin-starredArbutus.It's£16.95there-or£12.99foralargepizzafromDomino's:IknowwhichI'drathereat.SectionIIITranslation.Directions:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishtoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek,Tvebeenabletodothis,sinceIwas4.Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayneatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateverybodydoes-trytoputittooneside.Idon'tthinkit'sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn'tmakemyemotionsanymoreacuteorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehospitalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalHairopenedonBroadwayonthesameday-theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.SectionIVWritingWritingSupposeyourclassistoholdacharitysaleforkidsinneedofhelp.Writeyourclassmatesanemailtoinformthemaboutthedetailsandencouragethemtoparticipate100wordsuseLiMing.Don'twriteyouraddress.(10points)PartB(15points)Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshouldinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcommentsYoushouldwriteabout150words.答案:1-5:ADBDC6-10:BBDBA11-15:ADCCC16-20:CABAD【答案详解】.［标准答案］［A］［考点分析］本题考察逻辑关系［选项分析］因为考察逻辑关系,所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析:填空之后的信息为"atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.”(ー个无现金社会不太可能马上出现),而文章之前的信息都是在说我们可能马上就进入ー个无现金社会,两者之间出现了明显的转折关系,因此只有however符合题意。B.moreover表递进C.therefore表结果D.Otherwise表对比.［标准答案］［D］［考点分析］上下文语义［选项分析］根据该句的but可知,其前后句子是转折关系。后一句是说这种形式的社会并没有真正有成果出来,所以前一句应该为这样的预测已经进行了二十年。其它选项不符合题意。.［标准答案］［B］［考点分析］上下文语义及名词辨析［选项分析］该句意思为,1975年的《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段“将很快彻底改变货币本身的四个选项中,A.为力量C“历史”D“角色”,语义不正确,且如果选择role的话,应该是复数roles,因为是金钱的作用不止ー个,故答案选B。.［标准答案］。］［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析［选项分析］根据。nly知道,空格处所填单词词义应与前一句的"revolutionize”（变革）发生同义替换，因此ABCD四个选项中只有D.reverse（颠覆）符合。A.reward奖赏B.resist抵抗C.resume重新开始,继续。.［标准答案］［C］［考点分析］上下文语义及形容词词义辨析［选项分析］根据上文得知,早在1975年就预测了无现金社会可能即将到来，而作者谈到实际上“真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来”，因此这种无现金社会只可能缓慢到来，故答案选择C。A.silent沉寂的，B.sudden突然的,D.steady平稳的。.［标准答案］出］［考点分析］上下文语义及介词词义辨析［选项分析］填空所在段开头akhough表明对上一段的让步关系，上一段的观点为人们进入无现金时代的速度变缓慢的原因。因此这一段应该是说明尽管电子支付可能比纸币支付方式更方便更高效，然而以下几个方面解释了纸币系统"不会"消失的原因,只有Bworkagainst违背、妨碍,符合题意。A.workfor为…而工作C.workwith与…共事,对…起作用D.workon从事…工作，对…起作用，都不合适。.［标准答案］［B］［考点分析］上下文语义及形容词词义辨析［选项分析］本填空所在句为对纸币支付“不会”消失原因的解释，即推广电子支付方式不利之处。所以该题选项先排除productive富有成效的。而imaginative,意思是“虚构的、富于想象力的”；sensitive,意思是‘敏感的、易受伤害的”均不符合语义，只能选择消极含义的选项expensive。.［标准答案］［D］［考点分析］上下文语义及形容词词义辨析［选项分析］空格所在句译为...使得电子货币成为支付方式,将四个选项带入,C,D是比较恰当的,再结合本文章的主旨，应该选择“占主导地位的，支配地位”这层意思的D选项。A.similar相似的B.original原始的，独创的,都不合适。.［标准答案］［B］［考点分析］上下文语义及名词词义辨析［选项分析］纸质支票支付拥有能够收据的优势，而客户一般都不愿。收据当然是由银行开具，所以只能选择provide。A.collect收集收据,C.copy复印收据，D.print打印收据都和实际生活不符合。.［标准答案］［A］［考点分析］上下文语义及固定搭配［选项分析］该动词短语的宾语是前文的something,指代上文的advantage,纸质支票支付能够提供收据这ー优势，肯定是消费者不愿放弃的。和优势相搭配的动词短语不能是B.takeover接管，也不能是C.bringback拿回来，D.passdown传递、遗传也不符合。A.giveup放弃ー种优势,符合语境,为正确答案。.［标准答案］A［考点分析］上下文逻辑关系［选项分析］本句是来解释“float”的。空格前面意为“需要花几天”后半句意为纸支票兑现。上文提到讲纸支票的兑现不像是电子支票，是不会马上完成的，所以在纸支票在兑现前要是需耍时间的。Abefore"在…之前"。Bafter"在。。。之后"。Csince“自从”。Dwhen"当。。。的时候”。结合上下文意思,很明显只有A符合语境。12」标准答案］D［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析［选项分析］从“and”ー词可以看出此题与此11题紧密相连,若能正确理解上一题,此处就很容易选出。意思是在纸支票兑现及钱从帐户取出之前,Akepピ'保持”。Bborrowed“借”。Creleased“释放,发布"。Dwithdraw“取钱”。所以结合上下文可以得出只有D项符合语境。13.［标准答案］C［考点分析］上下文逻辑关系［选项分析］前句子含义是电子支票是及时的,后半句含义是用户不能享有“浮动”带来有好处。可以看出整句话是ー个因为关系。A.Unless“除非”。B.Until"直到。。。オ"。C.Because"因为”。D.Though“然而”。根据上下文含义,应选C.14.［标准答案］C［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析［选项分析］此处是ー个短句,明显缺少ー个谓语动词,通过最后ー个单词concerns可以看出本句的含义是电子支付方式引发安全及隐私的问题。四个选项中只有raise和concerns搭配时符合文意。所以选C。15」标准答案］C［考点分析］后置定语［选项分析］存储信息是通常有固定的动词store0所以选C。16」标准答案］C［考点分析］上下文语义及动词词义辨析［选项分析］上文提出电子支票的坏处，本句话意思是“因为这种事情经常发生”,所以形容意思应为普遍的，但因为本句用的双重否定表肯定，所以选填词汇意思应为不普遍的。结合选项Aunsafe“不安全”。Bunnatura「‘不自然的”。Cuncommon"不是普遍的”Dunclear“不清楚的”。所以只有C项符合本句话意思。17」标准答案］A［考点分析］上下文语义及动词义辨析［选项分析］本句话是讲电子支票的存在的风险，含义是那些不道德的人就可能通过转移帐户从而偷取别人的存款。动词应为贬义，可以排除［B］［C］［D］选项。故选［A］。18」标准答案］B［考点分析］上下文语义及名词义辨析［选项分析］上文提出电子支票的风险,本句话提出解决办法,但是防止此类诈骗不是容易的事。结合选项Aconsideration"考虑”。Bprevetion"阻止，防止”。Cmanipulation"操纵”Djusitification"理由,辩护”。结合语境只有B符合。19」标准答案］A［考点分析］动词固定搭配［选项分析］根据上下文应该选ー个“应对”安全问题含义的动词词组，所以可以排除C项和D项,B是“对抗，反抗”，A是“处理应对”,所以A项是最佳答案。20」标准答案］D［选项分析］上下文语义及名词词义辨析［考点分析］本句提出电子支票的另ー个风险，电子支票可追踪