1986～1996年考研英语真题及答案

1986〜200フ年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题目录TOC\o"1-5"\h\z\o"CurrentDocument"1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 1\o"CurrentDocument"1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 11\o"CurrentDocument"1988年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 22\o"CurrentDocument"1989年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 32\o"CurrentDocument"1990年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 42\o"CurrentDocument"1991年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 52\o"CurrentDocument"1992年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 64\o"CurrentDocument"1993年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 76\o"CurrentDocument"1994年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 88\o"CurrentDocument"1995年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 101\o"CurrentDocument"1996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 1151986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionI:StructureandVocabularyIneachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(15points)EXAMPLE:Iwascaughttherainyesterday.in[B]by[CJwith[D]atANSWER:[A]Nodoctorscouldcurethepatienthisstrangedisease.[A]with[B]of[C]from[D]offHewashiswits'endwhattodo.[A]in[B]on[C]at[D]ofPriorhisdeparture,headdressedalettertohisdaughter.[A]to[B]of[C]in[D]fromThedrivinginstructortoldmetopullatthepostoffice.[A]upbackroundalong5.Whenthere'sadoubt,thechairman'sdecisionis.rightdefinitefixedfinalWecanrelyonWilliamtocarryoutthismission,forhisjudgmentisalways.unquestionablesoundsubtlehealthyThenoiseoftheplanediedinthedistance.[A]away|B]out[C]down[D]offHospitaldoctorsdon'tgooutveryoftenastheirworkalltheirtime.takesawaytakesintakesovertakesupAttendancesatfootballmatcheshavesincethecomingoftelevision.droppedindroppeddowndroppedoffdroppedoutAfterthedeathoftheirparents,thesistersgotwellandneverquarreled.awayinalongoutTheyalwaysgivethevacantseatstocomesfirst.whowhomwhoeverwhomeverAhatinwhichinorderthatinthewayHeisofanactor.[A]anybody[B]anyonesomebodysomethingThecaptainapologizedtotellusmoreabouttheaccident.fortobeunablethathewasunabletobeunableforbeingunableisnoreasonfordischargingher.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateOwingtoafewminutesbeinglateThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateBeingafewminuteslateSectionII:CloseTestForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoiceslabeled[A],[B],[C]andfD].Choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthewholepassagebeforemakingyourchoices.(10points)OnWednesdayafternoonsAnnietookthebusintotowntoshopinthemarket.Foranhouror_16_shewouldwalkupanddownbetweenthestallslookingateverything,buyinghereandthere,and_17_asharplookoutforthebargainsthatweresometimestobehad.Andthen,withallthethingssheneeded_18_shewouldleavethemarketforthestreetsofthetowntospendanotherhour_19_shelikedbest:lookinginfurnitureshopwindows.OneWednesdayshefoundanewshopfullofthemostdelightfulthings,withanoticeinvitinganyonetowalkinandlook_20_withoutfeelingtheyhadtobuysomething.Anniehesitatedforamomentbeforesteppingthroughthedoorwaywhere,almostatonce,shestopped_21_beforeagreenarmchair.Therewasacardonthechairwhichsaid:"Thisfinechairisyours_22_lessthanapoundaweek,"andverysmallatthebottom,"Cashpriceeighty-ninepoundsfifty."Apoundaweek..._23_,shecouldalmostpaythatoutofherhousekeepingmoneyandnevermissit!Avoiceathershouldermadeher_24—.“CanIhelpyou,Madam?”Shelookedroundattheassistantwhohadcomesoftlytoher_25_.“Oh,well,no,“shesaid.44Iwasjustlooking.""We'vechairsofallkindsintheshowroom.Ifyou'lljustcomeup,youwillfindsomethingtosuityou."Annie,worriedatthethoughtofbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingshedidn'tneed,lefttheshophurriedly.[A]somoreelseanother[A]takingmakingfixingkeeping[A]buyboughtbuyingtohavebought[A]inawaybythewayinthewayontheway[AJbehind[B]round[C]back[D]on[AJdoubted[BJwondered[CJpuzzled[D]delighted[AJat[B]for[CJwith[D]in[AJWhy[B]When[CJHow[D]What[AJjump[B]leap[C]laugh[D]wonder[AJplace

backsidefrontSectionIII:ReadingComprehensionEachofthetwopassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)Text1Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.Wecancallthesepeople“generalislsJAndthese“generalists“areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeotherpeople'swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.Heisa"trained"man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist-andespeciallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.Heisan"educated"man;andthehumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou—butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob.anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor.allroundpeopleintheirownfieldspeoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople'sworkgeneralistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional[D|specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothersThespecialistis.amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeopleamanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefieldsamanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetreesamanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmattersTheadministratoris.a"trained"manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralistamanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforestamanwhoisverystronginthehumanitiesamanwhoisan"educated"specialist

Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant.totrytobeageneralisttochooseaprofitablejobtofindanorganizationwhichfitsyoutodecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralistAman'sfirstjob.isnevertherightjobforhimshouldnotberegardedashisfinaljobshouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjobisprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljobTest2AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.Manhasexplored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld—theAtlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarcticisfarmorerefrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobeareinhabited.Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaska,Siberia,andScandinavia-aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.Apartfromahandfulofweatherstations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe.[A]Iceland[BJLandofOpportunityTheUnknownContinentUtopiaatLastAtthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas.|A]verylimitedvast[CJfairlyrich[D]nonexistentAntarcticaisborderedbythe.PacificOceanIndianOceanAtlanticOceanAllthreeTheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby.coldair

calmseasicelackofknowledgeaboutthecontinentAccordingtothisarticle.2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinentamillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPoleweatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpracticalonlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarcticaSectionIV:StructureandVocabularyFillintheblankswiththewordswhichbestcompletethesentences.Putyourchoicesinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)EXAMPLE:Itwasthelargestexperimentwehaveeverhad;itsixhouses.[A]endedfinishedwaslastedANSWER:[D]Musicoftenusofeventsinthepast.remembersmemorizesremindsreflectsIfItakethismedicinetwiceadayitshouldmycold.heatcuretreatrecoverIcouldjustseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn'twhatcolouritwas.[A]makeout|B]lookto[C]lookoutfD]takeinIcouldtellhewassurprisedfromtheonhisface.appearanceshocklooksightThetoyboatturnedoverandsanktotheofthepool.basedepthgroundbottomMarynevertellsanyonewhatshedoesfora.jobworkprofessionlivingThatboyissuchagoodviolinisthewillprobablymakequiteaforhimself.[A]star|B]creditnamecharacterOldphotographsgiveoneabriefofthepast.glanceglimpsesightlookThenovelistisahighlyperson.imaginableimaginativeimaginaryimaginedAlthoughthepayisnotgood,peopleusuallyfindsocialworkinotherways.payablerespectfulgratefulrewardingSectionV:Error-detectionandCorrectionEachquestionconsistsofasentencewithfourunderlinedparts(wordsorphrases).Thesepartsarelabeled[A],[B],[Cl,and[D].Choosethepartofthesentencethatisincorrectandputyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.Then,withoutalteringthemeaningofthesentence,writedownthecorrectwordorphraseonthelinefollowingthebrackets.(10points)EXAMPLE:You'vetohurryupifyouwanttobuysomethingbecause[A]there's[B]hardlysomething[C]left.[D]ANSWER:[C]anythingTheprofessortoldtheeconomics[A]studentthathedidn'tapprove[B]in[C]histakingtheadvancedcoursebefore[DIhemadeapassingmarkinEconomics1.Althoughagreatnumberofhousesinthatareaarestill[A]inneedofrepair,[B]therehavebeen[C]improvementinthefacilities.[D]Mr.Gilmoreisoneofthosemenwhoappears[A]tobefriendly[B]however,itisveryhardtodeal[C]withhim.[D]Tounderstandthesituationcompletely[A]requires[B]morethoughtthanhasgiven[CJthusfar.[D][AJgreatmany[AJeducatorsfirmly[B]believethatEnglishisoneofthepoorest[C]taughtsubjectsinhighschoolstoday.[D]Ofallhisoutdoor[A]activities.Paullikesfishingbestofall,[B]buthedoesn'tenjoy

cleaning[C]fishingrodsafterwards.[D]Ishould[A]nothaverecognizedthe[B]maneven[C]youhadtold[D]mehisname.Inanhour's[A]timeIhaddonetheworkwith[B]mysatisfaction;Igotmyhatin[C]hallandslippedoutunnoticed.[D]Thenewhotelhaserected[A]abeautifulbuildingwith[B]recreationareasandconferencefacilitiesonthetopfloorinwhich[C]thefinestviewofthecitycanbeobtained.[D]Whilein[A]Europe,thetouristsenjoyedto[B]theirheart's[C]contenttheweather,thefoodandgoingtothetheatre.[D]SectionVI:VerbFormsFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofverbsgiveninbrackets.(10points)EXAMPLE:Itishighlydesirablethatanewpresident(appointed)forthiscollege.ANSWER:(should)beappointedTheenemyretreatedtothewoodsafterthey(defeat).I(speak)tohimforsometimebeforeIrealizedwhohewas.Oneshouldneverloseone'sheartwhen(confront)withtemporarydifficulties.Thehousesuddenlycollapsedwhileit(pull)down.On(give)anassignmenttomakeabusinesstourabroad,hegladlyacceptedit.(Get)everythingready,theygotdowntomapoutaplanfortheconstructionofanewexpressway.AfterPetergrewabeard,evenhisclosefriends(notrecognize)himatfirstsight.Darkness(set)in,theyoungpeoplelingeredonmerrymaking.Thestudentswereto(assemble)attheauditoriumbefore1:30p.m.,butthelecturewascanceledatthelastminute.Emphasisislaidonthenecessitythatalltheobjectivestobeattained(take)intoaccountbeforestartinganewproject.Chinese-EnglishTranslationTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.(15points)66,去年的好收成是由于农场管理的改进和有利的气体条件。.他在科研上取得的成就要比预期的大。.我们现在必须做的是把情况作一番仔细的调查。.很难说哪个方案更为切实可行。.昨晚如果他来了,问题也许已得到解决。English-ChineseTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlinedsentencesaretobetranslated.(20points)Itwouldbeinterestingtodiscoverhowmanyyoungpeoplegotouniversitywithoutanyclearideaofwhattheyaregoingtodoafterwards.(71)Ifoneconsiderstheenormousvarietyofcoursesoffered,itisnothardtoseehowdifficultitisforastudenttoselectthecoursemostsuitedtohisinterestsandabilities.(72)Ifastudentgoestouniversitytoacquireabroaderperspectiveoflife,toenlargehisideasandtolearntothinkforhimself,hewillundoubtedlybenefit.(73)Schoolsoftenhavetoorestrictinganatmosphere,withitstimetablesanddisciplines,toallowhimmuchtimeforindependentassessmentoftheworkheisaskedtodo.(74)Most

studentswould,Ibelieve,profitbyayearofsuchexplorationofdifferentacademicstudies,especiallythose“allrounders"withnoparticularinterest.Theyshouldhavelongertimetodecideinwhatsubjecttheywanttotaketheirdegrees,sothatinlaterlife,theydonotlookbackandsay,“Ishouldliketohavebeenanarchaeologist.IfIhadn'ttakenadegreeinModemLanguages,Ishouldn'thaveendedupasaninterpreter,butit'stoolatenow.Icouldn'tgobackandbeginalloveragain."(75)Thereis,ofcourse,anothersidetothequestionofhowtomakethebestuseofone'stimeatuniversity.(76)Thisisthecaseofthestudentwhoexcelsinaparticularbranchoflearning.(77)HeisimmediatelyacceptedbytheUniversityofhischoice,andspendshisthreeorfouryearsbecomingaspecialist,emergingwithafirst-classHonourDegreeandverylittleknowledgeofwhattherestoftheworldisallabout.(78)Itthereforebecomesmoreandmoreimportantthat,ifstudentsarenottowastetheiropportunities,therewillhavetobemuchmoredetailedinformationaboutcoursesandmoreadvice.Onlyinthiswaycanwebesurethatwearenottohave,ontheonehand,abandofspecialistsignorantofanythingoutsideoftheirownsubject,andontheotherhand,aneverincreasingnumberofgraduatesqualifiedinsubjectsforwhichthereislittleornodemandintheworkingworld.1986年参考答案StructureandVocabulary(15points)TOC\o"1-5"\h\z[B] 2. [C] 3. [A] 4. [A] 5. [D]6. [B] 7. [A] 8. [D] 9. [C] 10. [C][C] 12. [A] 13. [D] 14. [D] 15. [CJError-detectionandCorrection(10points)16. [A] 17. [D] 18. [B] 19. [C] 20. [B]21. [D] 22. [B] 23. [A] 24. [A] 25. [C]ReadingComprehension(10points)[Bl 27. [D] 28. [C] 29. [D] 30. [B][C] 32. [AJ 33. [D] 34. [A] 35. [CJStructureandVocabulary(10points)[CJ 37. [BJ 38. [AJ 39. [CJ 40. [D][D] 42. [C] 43. [B] 44. [B] 45. [D]Error-detectionandCorrection(10points)46.[C]approveof47.[C]hasbeen48.[AJappear49.[CJhasbeengiven50.[C]mostpoorly51.[B](the)best,(the)most52.[C]evenif,eventhough53.[BJto54.[C]where,fromwhich,onwhich55.[DJthetheatreSectionVI:VerbForms(10points)56.weredefeated/hadbeendefeated57.hadbeenspeaking58.confronted59.wasbeingpulled60.beinggiven61.Havinggot62.could/didnotrecognize,werenotabletorecognize63.setting64.haveassembled/assemble65.(should)betakenChinese-EnglishTranslation(15points)

Thegoodcroplastyearwasduetotheimprovementoffarmmanagementandfavorableweathercondition.Thesuccesshehasachievedinscientificresearchisgreaterthanexpected.Whatwemustdonowistomakeacarefulinvestigationofthesituation.It'shardtosaywhichplanismorepracticable.Ifhehadcomeyesterdayevening,thequestionmighthavebeensolved.English-ChineseTranslation(20points).如果想一想那些为学生设置的门类繁多的课程,我们就不难发现,对ー个学生来说,要选一门符合他的兴趣和能力的课程是多么困难。.如果ー个学生进大学是为了想获得一个对生活前景更广泛的认识,为了扩大思想境界和学会独立思考,那么毫无疑问,进大学对他是有好处的。.学校由于受课程表和纪律的约束,气氛往往令人感到过于拘束,使学生没有充分时间对规定要他做的事情有独立的见解。.我认为大多数学生,尤其是那些没有偏重某ー门课程的'’全面发展的学生”，经过一年左右的时间对各门不同学科的钻研，将会从中获益。.当然，关于ー个大如何最充分地利用上大学的时间，还有另外一个方面。.某一学科中出类拔萃的学生就属于这种情况。.他ー毕业马上就被一所他自己选中的大学所接受，再花三、四年时间，以优异的成绩取得荣誉学位,成为一名专家，但对外界的一切却几乎ー无所知。.因此,如果要学生好好利用他们ヒ大学的机会,就应该为他们提供大量关于课程方面更为详尽的信息和更多的指点。这个问题显得越来越帀要了。1987年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionI:StructureandVocabularyIneachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)EXAMPLE:Iwascaughttherainyesterday.[A]in[B]bywithatANSWER:[AlTheskyscraperstandsoutthebluesky.闻inagainstunderbeneathTheyhavealwaysbeenongoodwiththeirnext-doorneighbors.[AJfriendshiprelationsconnectionfD]termsHello!Isthat21035?Pleaseputmetothemanager.acrossupthroughoverWhydoyoulookso?Youneversmileorlookcheerful.miserableunfortunatesorryrudeEggs,thoughnourishing,haveoffatcontent.largenumberalargenumberthehighamountahighamountJimalwayshisclassmatesinadebate.backsoutbacksawaybacksupbacksdownMostofthepeoplewhotwoworldwarsarestronglyagainstarmsrace.havelivedouthavelivedthroughhavelivedonhavelivedoffTherearemanyinconveniencesthathavetobewhenyouarecamping.putupputupwith[CJputoff[D]putawayIsittruethatthoseoldhousesarebeingpulleddownnewofficeblocks?toaccommodatetoprovidefortoincreaseID]tomakeroomforBeinginnogreathurry,.wewentthelongroutewithscenerythelong,scenicroutewasourpreferencewetookthelongscenicrouteourpreferencewastakingthelong,scenicrouteSectionII:ReadingComprehensionEachofthreepassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers,readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestion.Putyour

choiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Text1Forcenturiesmendreamedofachievingverticalflight.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythatspunupwardsandfellbacktoearthasrotationceased.LeonardodaVinciconceivethefirstmechanicalapparatus,calleda“Helix,“whichcouldcarrymanstraightup,butwasonlyadesignandwasnevertested.Theancient-dreamwasfinallyrealizedin1940whenaRussianengineerpilotedastrangelookingcraftofsteeltubingwitharotatingfanontop.Itroseawkwardlyandverticallyintotheairfromastandingstart,hoveredafewfeetabovetheground,wentsidewaysandbackwards,andthensettledbacktoearth.Thevehiclewascalledahelicopter.Imaginationswerefired.Mendreamedofgoingtoworkintheirownpersonalhelicopters.Peopleanticipatethatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillionsofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.Suchfantasticexpectationswerenotfulfilled.Thehelicopterhasnowbecomeanextremelyusefulmachine.Itexcelsinmilitarymissions,carryingtroops,gunsandstrategicinstrumentswhereotheraircraftcannotgo.Corporationsusethemasairborneoffices,manymetropolitanareasusetheminpolicework,constructionandloggingcompaniesemploytheminvariousadvantageousways,engineersusethemforsiteselectionandsurveying,andoilcompaniesusethemasthebestwaytomakeoffshoreandremoteworkstationsaccessibletocrewsandsupplies.Anyurgentmissiontoahard-to-get-toplaceisalikelytaskforahelicopter.Amongtheirothermultitudeofused:deliverpeopleacrosstown,flytoandfromairports,assistinrescuework,andaidinthesearchformissingorwantedpersons.Peopleexpectthat.theairlinersoftodaywouldeventuallybereplacedbyhelicoptershelicopterswouldsomedaybeabletotransportlargenumberofpeoplefromplacetoplaceasairlinersarenowdoingtheimaginationsfiredbytheRussianengineer'sinventionwouldbecomearealityinthefuturetheirfantasticexpectationsabouthelicopterscouldbefulfilledbyairlinersoftodayHelicoptersworkwiththeaidof.acombinationofrotatingdevicesinfrontandontoparotatingdevicetopsideonerotatingfaninthecenter